A hydrothermal reaction of NaVO3, Ce(NO3)3, H3BO3, 2,2′ bipyridine and water in a molar of 1∶2∶3∶2∶333 gives a yellow crystal [(C10H8N2)2VO2](H2BO3)·3H2O. It crystallizes in a triclinic with space group and ...A hydrothermal reaction of NaVO3, Ce(NO3)3, H3BO3, 2,2′ bipyridine and water in a molar of 1∶2∶3∶2∶333 gives a yellow crystal [(C10H8N2)2VO2](H2BO3)·3H2O. It crystallizes in a triclinic with space group and unit cell parameters a=0.6643(1)nm, b=1.1794(2)nm, c=1.4822(3)nm, α=101.39(3)°, β=101.59(3)°, γ=97.15(3)°, Z=2, Dc=1.542g·cm-3, μ=0.508mm-1, F(000)=528, R1=0.0736, wR2=0.1998,Goof=1.071. X ray crystallographic study showed that the VN4O2 octahedron unit is distorted, in which the V1 atom is coordinated by two terminal O1 and O2 atoms, and N1, N2, N3 and N4 atoms from two 2,2′ bipy ligands. The hydrogen bonding are observed between 2,2′ bipy and adjacent terminal oxygen atom. It is noteworthy that π πstacking interaction between adjacent 2,2′ bipy groups plays an significant role in stabilization of the structure of crystal. CCDC: 194327.展开更多
A new mixed heteropoly acid,α-H_σ[GeW_eMo_2VO_(40)].22H_2O,bas been prepared and characterized by means of ICP,potentiometric titration,IR and UV spectra, X-ray powder diffraction and thermal analysis.
Developing high-performance anode materials is crucial for the advancement of sodium-ion capacitors with high-energy density and large power density.Bimetallic oxides exhibit a high specific capacity due to their syne...Developing high-performance anode materials is crucial for the advancement of sodium-ion capacitors with high-energy density and large power density.Bimetallic oxides exhibit a high specific capacity due to their synergistic effects in electrochemical processes.However,challenges such as poor electrical conductivity,slow ion transport,and volume expansion severely limit their development.In this study,Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5 was synthesized through a straightforward method involving solvent-heating and carbonization via calcination.The synergistic effect of Co and V,mitigation of volume expansion by the carbon-coated layer,enhancement of pseudocapacitive behavior and improved electrical conductivity of Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5 contribute to its superior electrochemical performance.The specific capacity of Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5 remained steady at 288.8 and 171.7 mAh g^(-1)after 100 and 500 cycles at 100 and 1000 mA g^(-1),respectively.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations show a notable reduction in the energy barrier of Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5.Furthermore,the assembled sodium-ion capacitor Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5//AC demonstrates high-energy density(108.5 Wh kg^(-1)at 99.8 W kg^(-1)),remarkable power density(38.2 Wh kg^(-1)at 12,000 W kg^(-1)),and longcycle stability(capacity retention of 80.6%after 6000 cycles).The design and optimization of the carbon-coated structure provide valuable insights for the development of bimetallic oxide materials in sodium-ion capacitors(SICs).展开更多
BACKGROUND Lack of mobilization and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit(ICU)are major factors resulting in the development of ICU-acquired muscle weakness(ICUAW).ICUAW is a type of skeletal muscle dysfunction an...BACKGROUND Lack of mobilization and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit(ICU)are major factors resulting in the development of ICU-acquired muscle weakness(ICUAW).ICUAW is a type of skeletal muscle dysfunction and a common complication of patients after cardiac surgery,and may be a risk factor for prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation,associated with a higher risk of readmission and higher mortality.Early mobilization in the ICU after cardiac surgery has been found to be low with a significant trend to increase over ICU stay and is also associated with a reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay.Neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)is an alternative modality of exercise in patients with muscle weakness.A major advantage of NMES is that it can be applied even in sedated patients in the ICU,a fact that might enhance early mobilization in these patients.AIM To evaluate safety,feasibility and effectiveness of NMES on functional capacity and muscle strength in patients before and after cardiac surgery.METHODS We performed a search on Pubmed,Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro),Embase and CINAHL databases,selecting papers published between December 2012 and April 2023 and identified published randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that included implementation of NMES in patients before after cardiac surgery.RCTs were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias via the PEDro.The primary outcomes were safety and functional capacity and the secondary outcomes were muscle strength and function.RESULTS Ten studies were included in our systematic review,resulting in 703 participants.Almost half of them performed NMES and the other half were included in the control group,treated with usual care.Nine studies investigated patients after cardiac surgery and 1 study before cardiac surgery.Functional capacity was assessed in 8 studies via 6MWT or other indices,and improved only in 1 study before and in 1 after cardiac surgery.Nine studies explored the effects of NMES on muscle strength and function and,most of them,found increase of muscle strength and improvement in muscle function after NMES.NMES was safe in all studies without any significant complication.CONCLUSION NMES is safe,feasible and has beneficial effects on muscle strength and function in patients after cardiac surgery,but has no significant effect on functional capacity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension(PH)is a serious progressive disorder of the modern world,characterized by endothelial dysfunction and impaired vasoreactivity.Patients with PH usually present exercise intolerance fro...BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension(PH)is a serious progressive disorder of the modern world,characterized by endothelial dysfunction and impaired vasoreactivity.Patients with PH usually present exercise intolerance from the very early stages and reduced exercise capacity.Exercise training has been shown to have beneficial effects in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities.However,data regarding the effects of combined exercise training programs in patients with PH still remains limited.AIM To investigate the effects of combined exercise training programs on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with PH.METHODS Our search included all available randomized controlled trials(RCTs)regarding combined aerobic,resistance and inspiratory training programs in patients with PH in 4 databases(Pubmed,PEDro,Embase,CINAHL)from 2012 to 2022.Five RCTs were included in the final analysis.Functional capacity,assessed by peak VO_(2)or 6-min walking test(6MWT),as well as quality of life,assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire,were set as the primary outcomes in our study.RESULTS Peak VO_(2)was measured in 4 out of the 5 RCTs while 6MWT was measured in all RCTs.Both indices of functional capacity were significantly increased in patients with PH who underwent combined exercise training compared to the controls in all of the included RCTs(P<0.05).Quality of life was measured in 4 out of 5 RCTs.Although patients improved their quality of life in each group,however,only 2 RCTs demonstrated further improvement in patients performing combined training compared to controls.CONCLUSION By this systematic review,we have demonstrated that combined aerobic,resistance and inspiratory exercise training is safe and has beneficial effects on aerobic capacity and quality of life in patients with PH.Such exercise training regimen may be part of the therapeutic strategy of the syndrome.展开更多
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered a foundation for good health and longevity. The variable, VO2max, is considered a reliable measure of cardiorespiratory health. The measurement of VO2max is stressful and ...Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered a foundation for good health and longevity. The variable, VO2max, is considered a reliable measure of cardiorespiratory health. The measurement of VO2max is stressful and is not a common practice, thus, it is desirable to relate VO2max to other variables including age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and physical activity. Mathematical models are presented to relate VO2max to age, gender, BMI, body fat percentage, and aerobic exercise. Predictions match well with measured VO2max data published in the literature. The robust models are stable for all boundary conditions including young adults to old age and lower sedentary to Olympic-trained levels of relative fitness for both male and female applications. The relationship may be especially helpful for older people who are dealing with elevated values of BMI. The models build on two levels of relative fitness (sedentary and endurance-trained) and boundary conditions of Olympic-trained athletes and lower sedentary conditions. Thus, the model responds to a full range of fitness conditions. Four equations are provided: one with relative fitness related to distance walked or ran each week, one using BMI to estimate relative fitness, and two using both BMI and BFP to estimate relative fitness (one interacting with age). An equation is also provided to evaluate the dynamic change in relative fitness using input of distance walked or ran each day, which can be estimated by a smart watch. The equation that only uses age, gender, and BMI as inputs overestimates VO2max for people with low BMI and who are physically inactive. This weakness is partially overcome by adding BFP as a variable when available. The most accurate equation is the one that uses distance walked or ran each day to estimate relative fitness based on the individual’s physical activity. Unfortunately, this method requires the individual to keep track of their physical activity daily. Relative fitness may be a more appropriate variable than VO2max to indicate fitness because it is independent of age.展开更多
文摘A hydrothermal reaction of NaVO3, Ce(NO3)3, H3BO3, 2,2′ bipyridine and water in a molar of 1∶2∶3∶2∶333 gives a yellow crystal [(C10H8N2)2VO2](H2BO3)·3H2O. It crystallizes in a triclinic with space group and unit cell parameters a=0.6643(1)nm, b=1.1794(2)nm, c=1.4822(3)nm, α=101.39(3)°, β=101.59(3)°, γ=97.15(3)°, Z=2, Dc=1.542g·cm-3, μ=0.508mm-1, F(000)=528, R1=0.0736, wR2=0.1998,Goof=1.071. X ray crystallographic study showed that the VN4O2 octahedron unit is distorted, in which the V1 atom is coordinated by two terminal O1 and O2 atoms, and N1, N2, N3 and N4 atoms from two 2,2′ bipy ligands. The hydrogen bonding are observed between 2,2′ bipy and adjacent terminal oxygen atom. It is noteworthy that π πstacking interaction between adjacent 2,2′ bipy groups plays an significant role in stabilization of the structure of crystal. CCDC: 194327.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘A new mixed heteropoly acid,α-H_σ[GeW_eMo_2VO_(40)].22H_2O,bas been prepared and characterized by means of ICP,potentiometric titration,IR and UV spectra, X-ray powder diffraction and thermal analysis.
基金financially supported by the Applied Basic Research Project of Qinghai Province(No.2024-ZJ-766)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2018466)
文摘Developing high-performance anode materials is crucial for the advancement of sodium-ion capacitors with high-energy density and large power density.Bimetallic oxides exhibit a high specific capacity due to their synergistic effects in electrochemical processes.However,challenges such as poor electrical conductivity,slow ion transport,and volume expansion severely limit their development.In this study,Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5 was synthesized through a straightforward method involving solvent-heating and carbonization via calcination.The synergistic effect of Co and V,mitigation of volume expansion by the carbon-coated layer,enhancement of pseudocapacitive behavior and improved electrical conductivity of Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5 contribute to its superior electrochemical performance.The specific capacity of Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5 remained steady at 288.8 and 171.7 mAh g^(-1)after 100 and 500 cycles at 100 and 1000 mA g^(-1),respectively.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations show a notable reduction in the energy barrier of Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5.Furthermore,the assembled sodium-ion capacitor Co_(2)VO_(4)@C-1.5//AC demonstrates high-energy density(108.5 Wh kg^(-1)at 99.8 W kg^(-1)),remarkable power density(38.2 Wh kg^(-1)at 12,000 W kg^(-1)),and longcycle stability(capacity retention of 80.6%after 6000 cycles).The design and optimization of the carbon-coated structure provide valuable insights for the development of bimetallic oxide materials in sodium-ion capacitors(SICs).
文摘BACKGROUND Lack of mobilization and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit(ICU)are major factors resulting in the development of ICU-acquired muscle weakness(ICUAW).ICUAW is a type of skeletal muscle dysfunction and a common complication of patients after cardiac surgery,and may be a risk factor for prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation,associated with a higher risk of readmission and higher mortality.Early mobilization in the ICU after cardiac surgery has been found to be low with a significant trend to increase over ICU stay and is also associated with a reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay.Neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)is an alternative modality of exercise in patients with muscle weakness.A major advantage of NMES is that it can be applied even in sedated patients in the ICU,a fact that might enhance early mobilization in these patients.AIM To evaluate safety,feasibility and effectiveness of NMES on functional capacity and muscle strength in patients before and after cardiac surgery.METHODS We performed a search on Pubmed,Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro),Embase and CINAHL databases,selecting papers published between December 2012 and April 2023 and identified published randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that included implementation of NMES in patients before after cardiac surgery.RCTs were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias via the PEDro.The primary outcomes were safety and functional capacity and the secondary outcomes were muscle strength and function.RESULTS Ten studies were included in our systematic review,resulting in 703 participants.Almost half of them performed NMES and the other half were included in the control group,treated with usual care.Nine studies investigated patients after cardiac surgery and 1 study before cardiac surgery.Functional capacity was assessed in 8 studies via 6MWT or other indices,and improved only in 1 study before and in 1 after cardiac surgery.Nine studies explored the effects of NMES on muscle strength and function and,most of them,found increase of muscle strength and improvement in muscle function after NMES.NMES was safe in all studies without any significant complication.CONCLUSION NMES is safe,feasible and has beneficial effects on muscle strength and function in patients after cardiac surgery,but has no significant effect on functional capacity.
文摘BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension(PH)is a serious progressive disorder of the modern world,characterized by endothelial dysfunction and impaired vasoreactivity.Patients with PH usually present exercise intolerance from the very early stages and reduced exercise capacity.Exercise training has been shown to have beneficial effects in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities.However,data regarding the effects of combined exercise training programs in patients with PH still remains limited.AIM To investigate the effects of combined exercise training programs on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with PH.METHODS Our search included all available randomized controlled trials(RCTs)regarding combined aerobic,resistance and inspiratory training programs in patients with PH in 4 databases(Pubmed,PEDro,Embase,CINAHL)from 2012 to 2022.Five RCTs were included in the final analysis.Functional capacity,assessed by peak VO_(2)or 6-min walking test(6MWT),as well as quality of life,assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire,were set as the primary outcomes in our study.RESULTS Peak VO_(2)was measured in 4 out of the 5 RCTs while 6MWT was measured in all RCTs.Both indices of functional capacity were significantly increased in patients with PH who underwent combined exercise training compared to the controls in all of the included RCTs(P<0.05).Quality of life was measured in 4 out of 5 RCTs.Although patients improved their quality of life in each group,however,only 2 RCTs demonstrated further improvement in patients performing combined training compared to controls.CONCLUSION By this systematic review,we have demonstrated that combined aerobic,resistance and inspiratory exercise training is safe and has beneficial effects on aerobic capacity and quality of life in patients with PH.Such exercise training regimen may be part of the therapeutic strategy of the syndrome.
文摘Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered a foundation for good health and longevity. The variable, VO2max, is considered a reliable measure of cardiorespiratory health. The measurement of VO2max is stressful and is not a common practice, thus, it is desirable to relate VO2max to other variables including age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and physical activity. Mathematical models are presented to relate VO2max to age, gender, BMI, body fat percentage, and aerobic exercise. Predictions match well with measured VO2max data published in the literature. The robust models are stable for all boundary conditions including young adults to old age and lower sedentary to Olympic-trained levels of relative fitness for both male and female applications. The relationship may be especially helpful for older people who are dealing with elevated values of BMI. The models build on two levels of relative fitness (sedentary and endurance-trained) and boundary conditions of Olympic-trained athletes and lower sedentary conditions. Thus, the model responds to a full range of fitness conditions. Four equations are provided: one with relative fitness related to distance walked or ran each week, one using BMI to estimate relative fitness, and two using both BMI and BFP to estimate relative fitness (one interacting with age). An equation is also provided to evaluate the dynamic change in relative fitness using input of distance walked or ran each day, which can be estimated by a smart watch. The equation that only uses age, gender, and BMI as inputs overestimates VO2max for people with low BMI and who are physically inactive. This weakness is partially overcome by adding BFP as a variable when available. The most accurate equation is the one that uses distance walked or ran each day to estimate relative fitness based on the individual’s physical activity. Unfortunately, this method requires the individual to keep track of their physical activity daily. Relative fitness may be a more appropriate variable than VO2max to indicate fitness because it is independent of age.
