The droplet deposition is a key index to evaluate the quality of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)spraying.The detection of the droplet deposition is time-consuming and costly,therefore,it is difficult to achieve large-sca...The droplet deposition is a key index to evaluate the quality of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)spraying.The detection of the droplet deposition is time-consuming and costly,therefore,it is difficult to achieve large-scale and rapid acquisition in the field.To solve the above problems,a droplet deposition acquisition system(DDAS)was developed.It was composed of the multiple sensors,processing units,remote server database and Android-based software.A droplet deposition prediction model based on field experimental data was established by using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network(1D-CNN)algorithm,and the effects of different inputs on the prediction ability of the model were analyzed.The results showed that adding temperature and humidity data to the inputs can achieve higher prediction accuracy than only using UAV spraying operation parameters and wind speed data as the inputs to the model.In addition,the prediction accuracy of the 1D-CNN model was the highest when compared with other models such as back propagation neural network,multiple correlation vector machine,and multiple linear regression.The 1D-CNN model was embedded into the DDAS,and the evaluation experiments were carried out in the field.The correlation analysis was conducted between two datasets of the droplet deposition obtained by the DDAS and water sensitive paper(WSP),respectively.The R2 was 0.924,and the RMSE was 0.026μL/cm2.It is proved that the droplet deposition values obtained by the DDAS and WSP have high consistency,and the DDAS developed can provide an auxiliary solution for the intelligent evaluation of UAV spraying quality.展开更多
Measurements from geomagnetic satellites continue to underpin advances in geomagnetic field models that describe Earth's internally generated magnetic field.Here,we present a new field model,MSCM,that integrates v...Measurements from geomagnetic satellites continue to underpin advances in geomagnetic field models that describe Earth's internally generated magnetic field.Here,we present a new field model,MSCM,that integrates vector and scalar data from the Swarm,China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES),and Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)missions.The model spans from 2014.0 to 2024.5,incorporating the core,lithospheric,and magnetospheric fields,and it shows characteristics similar to other published models based on different data.For the first time,we demonstrate that it is possible to successfully construct a geomagnetic field model that incorporates CSES vector data,albeit one in which the radial and azimuthal CSES vector components are Huber downweighted.We further show that data from the MSS-1 can be integrated within an explicitly smoothed,fully time-dependent model description.Using the MSCM,we identify new behavior of the South Atlantic Anomaly,the broad region of low magnetic field intensity over the southern Atlantic.This prominent feature appears split into a western part and an eastern part,each with its own intensity minimum.Since 2015,the principal western minimum has undergone only modest intensity decreases of 290 nT and westward motion of 20 km per year,whereas the recently formed eastern minimum has shown a 2–3 times greater intensity drop of 730 nT with no apparent east-west motion.展开更多
Substantial evidence points to the early onset of peripheral inflammation in the development of Parkinson's disease(PD),supporting the“body-first”hypothesis.However,there remains a notable absence of PD-specific...Substantial evidence points to the early onset of peripheral inflammation in the development of Parkinson's disease(PD),supporting the“body-first”hypothesis.However,there remains a notable absence of PD-specific animal models induced by inflammatory cytokines.This study introduces a novel mouse model of PD driven by the proinflammatory cytokine CXCL1,identified in our previous research.The involvement of CXCL1 in PD pathogenesis was validated using subacute and chronic MPTP-induced mouse models.Based on these findings,2-month-old C57BL/6J mice were intravenously administered CXCL1(20 ng/kg/day)for 2 weeks(5 days per week),successfully replicating motor deficits and pathological alterations in the substantia nigra observed in the chronic MPTP model.These results demonstrate the potential of CXCL1-induced inflammation as a mechanism for PD modeling.The model revealed activation of the PPAR signaling pathway in CXCL1-mediated neuronal damage by CXCL1.Linoleic acid,a PPAR-γactivator,significantly mitigated MPTPand CXCL1-induced toxicity and reduced serum CXCL1levels.In addition,the CXCL1-injected mouse model shortened the timeline for developing chronic PD mouse model to 2 weeks,offering an efficient platform for studying inflammation-driven processes in PD.The findings provide critical insights into the inflammatory mechanisms underlying PD and identify promising therapeutic targets for intervention.展开更多
By combining data from the Challenging Minisatellite Payload(CHAMP),Swarm-A,and newest Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) missions,we constructed a lithospheric magnetic field model up to spherical harmonic degree N = 1...By combining data from the Challenging Minisatellite Payload(CHAMP),Swarm-A,and newest Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) missions,we constructed a lithospheric magnetic field model up to spherical harmonic degree N = 100.To isolate the lithospheric magnetic field signals,we utilized the latest CHAOS-8(CHAMP,Φrsted,and SAC-C 8) model and MGFM(Multisource Geomagnetic Field Model) to remove nonlithospheric sources,including the core field,magnetospheric field,ocean tidal field,and ocean circulation field.Subsequently,orbit-by-orbit processing was applied to both scalar and vector data,such as spherical harmonic high-pass filtering,singular spectrum analysis,and line leveling,to suppress noise and residual signals along the satellite tracks.With an orbital inclination of only 41°,MSS-1 effectively captures fine-scale lithospheric magnetic field signals in mid-to low-latitude regions.Its data exhibit a root mean square error of only 0.77 nT relative to the final model,confirming the high quality and utility of lithospheric field modeling.The resulting model exhibits excellent consistency with the MF7(Magnetic Field Model 7),maintaining a high correlation up to N = 90 and still exceeding 0.65 at N = 100.These results demonstrate the reliability and value of MSS-1 data in global lithospheric magnetic field modeling.展开更多
Traffic characterization(e.g.,chat,video)and application identifi-cation(e.g.,FTP,Facebook)are two of the more crucial jobs in encrypted network traffic classification.These two activities are typically carried out se...Traffic characterization(e.g.,chat,video)and application identifi-cation(e.g.,FTP,Facebook)are two of the more crucial jobs in encrypted network traffic classification.These two activities are typically carried out separately by existing systems using separate models,significantly adding to the difficulty of network administration.Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and Transformer are deep learning-based approaches for network traf-fic classification.CNN is good at extracting local features while ignoring long-distance information from the network traffic sequence,and Transformer can capture long-distance feature dependencies while ignoring local details.Based on these characteristics,a multi-task learning model that combines Transformer and 1D-CNN for encrypted traffic classification is proposed(MTC).In order to make up for the Transformer’s lack of local detail feature extraction capability and the 1D-CNN’s shortcoming of ignoring long-distance correlation information when processing traffic sequences,the model uses a parallel structure to fuse the features generated by the Transformer block and the 1D-CNN block with each other using a feature fusion block.This structure improved the representation of traffic features by both blocks and allows the model to perform well with both long and short length sequences.The model simultaneously handles multiple tasks,which lowers the cost of training.Experiments reveal that on the ISCX VPN-nonVPN dataset,the model achieves an average F1 score of 98.25%and an average recall of 98.30%for the task of identifying applications,and an average F1 score of 97.94%,and an average recall of 97.54%for the task of traffic characterization.When advanced models on the same dataset are chosen for comparison,the model produces the best results.To prove the generalization,we applied MTC to CICIDS2017 dataset,and our model also achieved good results.展开更多
Background:SARS-CoV-2,first identified in late 2019,has given rise to numerous variants of concern(VOCs),posing a significant threat to human health.The emer-gence of Omicron BA.1.1 towards the end of 2021 led to a pa...Background:SARS-CoV-2,first identified in late 2019,has given rise to numerous variants of concern(VOCs),posing a significant threat to human health.The emer-gence of Omicron BA.1.1 towards the end of 2021 led to a pandemic in early 2022.At present,the lethal mouse model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 needs supplementation,and the alterations in neutrophils and monocytes caused by different strains remain to be elucidated.Methods:Human ACE2 transgenic mice were inoculated with the SARS-CoV-2 proto-type and Omicron BA.1,respectively.The pathogenicity of the two strains was evalu-ated by observing clinical symptoms,viral load and pathology.Complete blood count,immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to detect the alterations of neutrophils and monocytes caused by the two strains.Results:Our findings revealed that Omicron BA.1 exhibited significantly lower vir-ulence compared to the SARS-CoV-2 prototype in the mouse model.Additionally,we observed a significant increase in the proportion of neutrophils late in infection with the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1.We found that the proportion of monocytes increased at first and then decreased.The trends in the changes in the proportions of neutrophils and monocytes induced by the two strains were similar.Conclusion:Our study provides valuable insights into the utility of mouse models for simulating the severe disease of SARS-CoV-2 prototype infection and the milder manifestation associated with Omicron BA.1.SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1 resulted in similar trends in the changes in neutrophils and monocytes.展开更多
Porous liquid-conducting micro-heat exchangers have garnered considerable attention for their role in efficient heat dissipation in small electronic devices.This demand highlights the need for advanced mathematical mo...Porous liquid-conducting micro-heat exchangers have garnered considerable attention for their role in efficient heat dissipation in small electronic devices.This demand highlights the need for advanced mathematical models to optimize the selection of mixed heat exchange media and equipment design.A capillary bundle evaporation model for porous liquid-conducting media was developed based on the conjugate mass transfer evaporation rate prediction model of a single capillary tube,supplemented by mercury injection experimental data.Theoretical and experimental comparisons were conducted using 1,2-propanediol-glycerol(PG-VG)mixtures at molar ratios of 1:9,3:7,5:5,and 7:3 at 120,150,and 180℃.The Jouyban-Acree model was implemented to enhance the evaporation rate predictions.For the 7:3 PG-VG mixture at 180℃under the experimental conditions of the thermal medium,the model's error reduced from 16.75%to 10.84%post-correction.Overall,the mean relative error decreased from 11.76%to 5.98%after correction.展开更多
We propose the Dantzig selector based on the l_(1-q)(1<q≤2)minimization model for the sparse signal recovery.First,we discuss some properties of l_(1-q)minimization model and give some useful inequalities.Then,we ...We propose the Dantzig selector based on the l_(1-q)(1<q≤2)minimization model for the sparse signal recovery.First,we discuss some properties of l_(1-q)minimization model and give some useful inequalities.Then,we give a sufficient condition based on the restricted isometry property for the stable recovery of signals.The l_(1-2)minimization model of Yin-Lou-He is extended to the l_(1-q)minimization model.展开更多
Background:The precise insertion of large DNA fragments(>3–5 kb)remains one of the key obstacles in establishment of genetically modified murine models.Methods:A 21 kb large DNA fragment containing three tandemly ...Background:The precise insertion of large DNA fragments(>3–5 kb)remains one of the key obstacles in establishment of genetically modified murine models.Methods:A 21 kb large DNA fragment containing three tandemly linked copies of the human HRAS gene was inserted into the genome of C57BL/6J mouse,generating a mouse model designated as KI.C57-ras(or named NF-h HRAS).Whole-genome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were utilized to it confirm precise insertion and copy number.The stability of transgene expression among different generations was verified from multiple aspects using by digital PCR,western blot and DNA sequencing.To assess tumor susceptibility in the mouse model,N-Nitroso-N-methylurea(MNU)was administered at a dosage of 75 mg/kg.Histopathological examinations were conducted using hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining.Results:The HRAS DNA fragment was inserted into mouse chromosome 15E1 site,locating between 80623202 bp and 80625020 bp.NF-h HRAS mice exhibited stable inheritance and displayed consistent phenotypes across individuals.Moreover,this mouse model exhibited a high susceptibility to carcinogens.Upon administration of MNU the earliest mortality onset was earlier than that of wild-type littermates(day 65 vs.day 78 for male and day 56 vs.day 84 for female).Notably,100%of the NF-h HRAS transgenic mice developed tumors,with approximately 84%of male NF-h HRAS mice exhibiting specific tumor types,such as squamous cell carcinoma or squamous cell papilloma,which was consistent with the previously reported carcinogenic rasH2 mouse model.The types of tumors and the target organs exhibited diversity in NFh HRAS mice,while the spontaneous tumor incidence remained low(1/50).Conclusions:The NF-h HRAS mice demonstrated excellent genetic stability,a reproducible phenotype,and high susceptibility to carcinogens,indicating their potential utility in non-clinical safety evaluations of drugs as per the S1B guidelines issued by the ICH(The International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use).展开更多
To create a new prediction model, the unbiased GM （1,1） model is optimized by the five-point slide method in this paper. Then, based on the occurrence areas of dce blast in Enshi District during 1995 -2004, the new ...To create a new prediction model, the unbiased GM （1,1） model is optimized by the five-point slide method in this paper. Then, based on the occurrence areas of dce blast in Enshi District during 1995 -2004, the new model and unbiased GM （1, 1 ） model are applied to predict the occurrence areas of rice blast during 2005 -2010. Predicting outcomes show that the prediction accuracy of five-point unbiased sliding optimized GM （1, 1 ） model is higher than the unbiased GM （1,1） model. Finally, combined with the prediction results, the author provides some suggestion for Enshi District in the prevention and control of rice blast in 2010.展开更多
Objective To comparatively observe the effect of electroacupuncture at digestive system-related lower he-sea points on the expressions of serum interleukin-1β（IL-1 β）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） of colon t...Objective To comparatively observe the effect of electroacupuncture at digestive system-related lower he-sea points on the expressions of serum interleukin-1β（IL-1 β）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） of colon tissues and high mobility group box 1 protein（HMGB 1） of ulcerative colitis（UC） model rats, and to explore whether there is relative specificity of electroacupuncture at Shàngjùxū（上巨虚 ST 37）, one of lower he-sea points of large intestine, in treatment of bowel diseases. Method A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, ST 37 group, Zúsānl？（足三里 ST 36） group, Xiàjùxū（下巨虚 ST 39） group and Yánglíngquán（阳陵泉 GB 34） group. There were ten rats in each group; five were males, and five were females. UC models were established by clysis with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid/alcohol solution. After modeling, treatment was conducted for ten days, specimens were collected, colonic ulcers and inflammation were inspected visually and scored. The content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1 in colon were detected through ELISA. Results 1 Compared with control group, the scores of colonic ulcers and inflammation, the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α（except ST 37 group） and HMGB 1 were all higher（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; 2 compared with model group, the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 36 group and ST 37 group were lower obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in the four treatment groups were lower obviously（P〈0.01）; 3 compared with ST 37 group, the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in other three treatment groups were higher obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; and the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 39 group and GB 34 group were higher obviously（P〈0.05）. Conclusion 1 The score of colonic ulcers can be reduced through electroacupuncture at ST 37, ST 36, ST 39 and GB 34, which can also reduce the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1, and effectively inhibit inflammatory response of colon caused by UC; 2 the effect trend of the four acupoints in treatment of UC is： ST 37ST 36ST 39GB 34, and electroacupuncture at ST 37 has the best effect with relative specificity.展开更多
Aim To investigate the effects of FDP on different liver injury models to explore the possibility of FDP used as an oral liver protective agent. Methods Chronic liver injury model in rats was induced by carbon tetrach...Aim To investigate the effects of FDP on different liver injury models to explore the possibility of FDP used as an oral liver protective agent. Methods Chronic liver injury model in rats was induced by carbon tetrachloride （ CCl4 ） ; Acute liver injury model in mice was induced by aminogalactose （GAIN） or lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. Results In CCl4-induced chronic liver injury model, FDP （1 , 4 g·kg^-1·d^-1, q.d., for 10 weeks） significantly lowered ALT, AST,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase （γ-GT）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, and total bilirubin （T-BIL） in serum compared with vehicle; simultaneously it evidently elevated abnormal total protein （TP）, albumin （ALB） and total cholesterol （ T-CHO ） levels in serum; it also dose-dependently reduced hydroxyproline contents in hepatic tissue. 4 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of FDP apparently decreased incidence of hepatic cirrhosis, and alleviated pathological changes of liver tissue. In GaiN-induced model, 1.0 - 4. 0 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of FDP （ bid, for 3 d ） significantly lowered alanine aminotransferase （ ALT ） and aspartate aminotransferase （ AST ） levels in serum ; it also decreased liver coefficient. 4. 0 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of FDP significantly alleviated pathological changes of cell ultra-structures. In LPS-induced model, only high dose of FDP （4. 0 g·kg^-1·d^-1, bid, for 12 d） significantly decreased ALT level in serum. Conclusion This study first demonstrated the protective effect of oral FDP on chronic liver injury caused by CCl4, and confirmed its effect on acute liver injury at the same time, suggesting that Long-term oral FDP is efficacious against liver injury induced by different factors and can be used as an oral liver protective agent in clinic.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFE0125500).
文摘The droplet deposition is a key index to evaluate the quality of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)spraying.The detection of the droplet deposition is time-consuming and costly,therefore,it is difficult to achieve large-scale and rapid acquisition in the field.To solve the above problems,a droplet deposition acquisition system(DDAS)was developed.It was composed of the multiple sensors,processing units,remote server database and Android-based software.A droplet deposition prediction model based on field experimental data was established by using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network(1D-CNN)algorithm,and the effects of different inputs on the prediction ability of the model were analyzed.The results showed that adding temperature and humidity data to the inputs can achieve higher prediction accuracy than only using UAV spraying operation parameters and wind speed data as the inputs to the model.In addition,the prediction accuracy of the 1D-CNN model was the highest when compared with other models such as back propagation neural network,multiple correlation vector machine,and multiple linear regression.The 1D-CNN model was embedded into the DDAS,and the evaluation experiments were carried out in the field.The correlation analysis was conducted between two datasets of the droplet deposition obtained by the DDAS and water sensitive paper(WSP),respectively.The R2 was 0.924,and the RMSE was 0.026μL/cm2.It is proved that the droplet deposition values obtained by the DDAS and WSP have high consistency,and the DDAS developed can provide an auxiliary solution for the intelligent evaluation of UAV spraying quality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42274003)PWL was supported by Swarm DISC(Swarm Data,Innovation,and Science Cluster)+2 种基金funded by the European Space Agency(ESAContract No.4000109587)HFR acknowledges funding from the UK Natural Environment Research Council(Grant No.NE/V010867/1)。
文摘Measurements from geomagnetic satellites continue to underpin advances in geomagnetic field models that describe Earth's internally generated magnetic field.Here,we present a new field model,MSCM,that integrates vector and scalar data from the Swarm,China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES),and Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)missions.The model spans from 2014.0 to 2024.5,incorporating the core,lithospheric,and magnetospheric fields,and it shows characteristics similar to other published models based on different data.For the first time,we demonstrate that it is possible to successfully construct a geomagnetic field model that incorporates CSES vector data,albeit one in which the radial and azimuthal CSES vector components are Huber downweighted.We further show that data from the MSS-1 can be integrated within an explicitly smoothed,fully time-dependent model description.Using the MSCM,we identify new behavior of the South Atlantic Anomaly,the broad region of low magnetic field intensity over the southern Atlantic.This prominent feature appears split into a western part and an eastern part,each with its own intensity minimum.Since 2015,the principal western minimum has undergone only modest intensity decreases of 290 nT and westward motion of 20 km per year,whereas the recently formed eastern minimum has shown a 2–3 times greater intensity drop of 730 nT with no apparent east-west motion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32471049,32170984,32471188,32200802)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QH110)。
文摘Substantial evidence points to the early onset of peripheral inflammation in the development of Parkinson's disease(PD),supporting the“body-first”hypothesis.However,there remains a notable absence of PD-specific animal models induced by inflammatory cytokines.This study introduces a novel mouse model of PD driven by the proinflammatory cytokine CXCL1,identified in our previous research.The involvement of CXCL1 in PD pathogenesis was validated using subacute and chronic MPTP-induced mouse models.Based on these findings,2-month-old C57BL/6J mice were intravenously administered CXCL1(20 ng/kg/day)for 2 weeks(5 days per week),successfully replicating motor deficits and pathological alterations in the substantia nigra observed in the chronic MPTP model.These results demonstrate the potential of CXCL1-induced inflammation as a mechanism for PD modeling.The model revealed activation of the PPAR signaling pathway in CXCL1-mediated neuronal damage by CXCL1.Linoleic acid,a PPAR-γactivator,significantly mitigated MPTPand CXCL1-induced toxicity and reduced serum CXCL1levels.In addition,the CXCL1-injected mouse model shortened the timeline for developing chronic PD mouse model to 2 weeks,offering an efficient platform for studying inflammation-driven processes in PD.The findings provide critical insights into the inflammatory mechanisms underlying PD and identify promising therapeutic targets for intervention.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 42250103, 41974073, and 41404053)the Macao Foundation and the preresearch project of Civil Aerospace Technologies (Nos. D020308 and D020303)funded by China’s National Space Administration, and the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories。
文摘By combining data from the Challenging Minisatellite Payload(CHAMP),Swarm-A,and newest Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) missions,we constructed a lithospheric magnetic field model up to spherical harmonic degree N = 100.To isolate the lithospheric magnetic field signals,we utilized the latest CHAOS-8(CHAMP,Φrsted,and SAC-C 8) model and MGFM(Multisource Geomagnetic Field Model) to remove nonlithospheric sources,including the core field,magnetospheric field,ocean tidal field,and ocean circulation field.Subsequently,orbit-by-orbit processing was applied to both scalar and vector data,such as spherical harmonic high-pass filtering,singular spectrum analysis,and line leveling,to suppress noise and residual signals along the satellite tracks.With an orbital inclination of only 41°,MSS-1 effectively captures fine-scale lithospheric magnetic field signals in mid-to low-latitude regions.Its data exhibit a root mean square error of only 0.77 nT relative to the final model,confirming the high quality and utility of lithospheric field modeling.The resulting model exhibits excellent consistency with the MF7(Magnetic Field Model 7),maintaining a high correlation up to N = 90 and still exceeding 0.65 at N = 100.These results demonstrate the reliability and value of MSS-1 data in global lithospheric magnetic field modeling.
基金supported by the People’s Public Security University of China central basic scientific research business program(No.2021JKF206).
文摘Traffic characterization(e.g.,chat,video)and application identifi-cation(e.g.,FTP,Facebook)are two of the more crucial jobs in encrypted network traffic classification.These two activities are typically carried out separately by existing systems using separate models,significantly adding to the difficulty of network administration.Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and Transformer are deep learning-based approaches for network traf-fic classification.CNN is good at extracting local features while ignoring long-distance information from the network traffic sequence,and Transformer can capture long-distance feature dependencies while ignoring local details.Based on these characteristics,a multi-task learning model that combines Transformer and 1D-CNN for encrypted traffic classification is proposed(MTC).In order to make up for the Transformer’s lack of local detail feature extraction capability and the 1D-CNN’s shortcoming of ignoring long-distance correlation information when processing traffic sequences,the model uses a parallel structure to fuse the features generated by the Transformer block and the 1D-CNN block with each other using a feature fusion block.This structure improved the representation of traffic features by both blocks and allows the model to perform well with both long and short length sequences.The model simultaneously handles multiple tasks,which lowers the cost of training.Experiments reveal that on the ISCX VPN-nonVPN dataset,the model achieves an average F1 score of 98.25%and an average recall of 98.30%for the task of identifying applications,and an average F1 score of 97.94%,and an average recall of 97.54%for the task of traffic characterization.When advanced models on the same dataset are chosen for comparison,the model produces the best results.To prove the generalization,we applied MTC to CICIDS2017 dataset,and our model also achieved good results.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.Z210014)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32070543)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Project of China(Grant No.2022YFC2303404)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(Grant No.2022-12M-CoV19-002)
文摘Background:SARS-CoV-2,first identified in late 2019,has given rise to numerous variants of concern(VOCs),posing a significant threat to human health.The emer-gence of Omicron BA.1.1 towards the end of 2021 led to a pandemic in early 2022.At present,the lethal mouse model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 needs supplementation,and the alterations in neutrophils and monocytes caused by different strains remain to be elucidated.Methods:Human ACE2 transgenic mice were inoculated with the SARS-CoV-2 proto-type and Omicron BA.1,respectively.The pathogenicity of the two strains was evalu-ated by observing clinical symptoms,viral load and pathology.Complete blood count,immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to detect the alterations of neutrophils and monocytes caused by the two strains.Results:Our findings revealed that Omicron BA.1 exhibited significantly lower vir-ulence compared to the SARS-CoV-2 prototype in the mouse model.Additionally,we observed a significant increase in the proportion of neutrophils late in infection with the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1.We found that the proportion of monocytes increased at first and then decreased.The trends in the changes in the proportions of neutrophils and monocytes induced by the two strains were similar.Conclusion:Our study provides valuable insights into the utility of mouse models for simulating the severe disease of SARS-CoV-2 prototype infection and the milder manifestation associated with Omicron BA.1.SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1 resulted in similar trends in the changes in neutrophils and monocytes.
基金the funding support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(21978204)。
文摘Porous liquid-conducting micro-heat exchangers have garnered considerable attention for their role in efficient heat dissipation in small electronic devices.This demand highlights the need for advanced mathematical models to optimize the selection of mixed heat exchange media and equipment design.A capillary bundle evaporation model for porous liquid-conducting media was developed based on the conjugate mass transfer evaporation rate prediction model of a single capillary tube,supplemented by mercury injection experimental data.Theoretical and experimental comparisons were conducted using 1,2-propanediol-glycerol(PG-VG)mixtures at molar ratios of 1:9,3:7,5:5,and 7:3 at 120,150,and 180℃.The Jouyban-Acree model was implemented to enhance the evaporation rate predictions.For the 7:3 PG-VG mixture at 180℃under the experimental conditions of the thermal medium,the model's error reduced from 16.75%to 10.84%post-correction.Overall,the mean relative error decreased from 11.76%to 5.98%after correction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China“Variable exponential function spaces on variable anisotropic Euclidean spaces and their applications”(12261083),“Harmonic analysis on affine symmetric spaces”(12161083).
文摘We propose the Dantzig selector based on the l_(1-q)(1<q≤2)minimization model for the sparse signal recovery.First,we discuss some properties of l_(1-q)minimization model and give some useful inequalities.Then,we give a sufficient condition based on the restricted isometry property for the stable recovery of signals.The l_(1-2)minimization model of Yin-Lou-He is extended to the l_(1-q)minimization model.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2023YFC3402000National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science,Grant/Award Number:2023SKLDRS0124。
文摘Background:The precise insertion of large DNA fragments(>3–5 kb)remains one of the key obstacles in establishment of genetically modified murine models.Methods:A 21 kb large DNA fragment containing three tandemly linked copies of the human HRAS gene was inserted into the genome of C57BL/6J mouse,generating a mouse model designated as KI.C57-ras(or named NF-h HRAS).Whole-genome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were utilized to it confirm precise insertion and copy number.The stability of transgene expression among different generations was verified from multiple aspects using by digital PCR,western blot and DNA sequencing.To assess tumor susceptibility in the mouse model,N-Nitroso-N-methylurea(MNU)was administered at a dosage of 75 mg/kg.Histopathological examinations were conducted using hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining.Results:The HRAS DNA fragment was inserted into mouse chromosome 15E1 site,locating between 80623202 bp and 80625020 bp.NF-h HRAS mice exhibited stable inheritance and displayed consistent phenotypes across individuals.Moreover,this mouse model exhibited a high susceptibility to carcinogens.Upon administration of MNU the earliest mortality onset was earlier than that of wild-type littermates(day 65 vs.day 78 for male and day 56 vs.day 84 for female).Notably,100%of the NF-h HRAS transgenic mice developed tumors,with approximately 84%of male NF-h HRAS mice exhibiting specific tumor types,such as squamous cell carcinoma or squamous cell papilloma,which was consistent with the previously reported carcinogenic rasH2 mouse model.The types of tumors and the target organs exhibited diversity in NFh HRAS mice,while the spontaneous tumor incidence remained low(1/50).Conclusions:The NF-h HRAS mice demonstrated excellent genetic stability,a reproducible phenotype,and high susceptibility to carcinogens,indicating their potential utility in non-clinical safety evaluations of drugs as per the S1B guidelines issued by the ICH(The International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use).
基金Supported by Science Research Project of Department of Education of Hubei Province (B20092901)~~
文摘To create a new prediction model, the unbiased GM （1,1） model is optimized by the five-point slide method in this paper. Then, based on the occurrence areas of dce blast in Enshi District during 1995 -2004, the new model and unbiased GM （1, 1 ） model are applied to predict the occurrence areas of rice blast during 2005 -2010. Predicting outcomes show that the prediction accuracy of five-point unbiased sliding optimized GM （1, 1 ） model is higher than the unbiased GM （1,1） model. Finally, combined with the prediction results, the author provides some suggestion for Enshi District in the prevention and control of rice blast in 2010.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:81173327/H2718
文摘Objective To comparatively observe the effect of electroacupuncture at digestive system-related lower he-sea points on the expressions of serum interleukin-1β（IL-1 β）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） of colon tissues and high mobility group box 1 protein（HMGB 1） of ulcerative colitis（UC） model rats, and to explore whether there is relative specificity of electroacupuncture at Shàngjùxū（上巨虚 ST 37）, one of lower he-sea points of large intestine, in treatment of bowel diseases. Method A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, ST 37 group, Zúsānl？（足三里 ST 36） group, Xiàjùxū（下巨虚 ST 39） group and Yánglíngquán（阳陵泉 GB 34） group. There were ten rats in each group; five were males, and five were females. UC models were established by clysis with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid/alcohol solution. After modeling, treatment was conducted for ten days, specimens were collected, colonic ulcers and inflammation were inspected visually and scored. The content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1 in colon were detected through ELISA. Results 1 Compared with control group, the scores of colonic ulcers and inflammation, the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α（except ST 37 group） and HMGB 1 were all higher（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; 2 compared with model group, the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 36 group and ST 37 group were lower obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in the four treatment groups were lower obviously（P〈0.01）; 3 compared with ST 37 group, the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in other three treatment groups were higher obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; and the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 39 group and GB 34 group were higher obviously（P〈0.05）. Conclusion 1 The score of colonic ulcers can be reduced through electroacupuncture at ST 37, ST 36, ST 39 and GB 34, which can also reduce the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1, and effectively inhibit inflammatory response of colon caused by UC; 2 the effect trend of the four acupoints in treatment of UC is： ST 37ST 36ST 39GB 34, and electroacupuncture at ST 37 has the best effect with relative specificity.
文摘Aim To investigate the effects of FDP on different liver injury models to explore the possibility of FDP used as an oral liver protective agent. Methods Chronic liver injury model in rats was induced by carbon tetrachloride （ CCl4 ） ; Acute liver injury model in mice was induced by aminogalactose （GAIN） or lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. Results In CCl4-induced chronic liver injury model, FDP （1 , 4 g·kg^-1·d^-1, q.d., for 10 weeks） significantly lowered ALT, AST,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase （γ-GT）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, and total bilirubin （T-BIL） in serum compared with vehicle; simultaneously it evidently elevated abnormal total protein （TP）, albumin （ALB） and total cholesterol （ T-CHO ） levels in serum; it also dose-dependently reduced hydroxyproline contents in hepatic tissue. 4 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of FDP apparently decreased incidence of hepatic cirrhosis, and alleviated pathological changes of liver tissue. In GaiN-induced model, 1.0 - 4. 0 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of FDP （ bid, for 3 d ） significantly lowered alanine aminotransferase （ ALT ） and aspartate aminotransferase （ AST ） levels in serum ; it also decreased liver coefficient. 4. 0 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of FDP significantly alleviated pathological changes of cell ultra-structures. In LPS-induced model, only high dose of FDP （4. 0 g·kg^-1·d^-1, bid, for 12 d） significantly decreased ALT level in serum. Conclusion This study first demonstrated the protective effect of oral FDP on chronic liver injury caused by CCl4, and confirmed its effect on acute liver injury at the same time, suggesting that Long-term oral FDP is efficacious against liver injury induced by different factors and can be used as an oral liver protective agent in clinic.
