In this paper, the trial function method is extended to study the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time- dependent coefficients. On the basis of a generalized traveling wave transformation and a trial f...In this paper, the trial function method is extended to study the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time- dependent coefficients. On the basis of a generalized traveling wave transformation and a trial function, we investigate the exact envelope traveling wave solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients. Taking advantage of solutions to trial function, we successfully obtain exact solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients under constraint conditions.展开更多
This paper obtains some solutions of the 5th-order mKdV equation by using the exponential-fraction trial function method, such as solitary wave solutions, shock wave solutions and the hopping wave solutions. It succes...This paper obtains some solutions of the 5th-order mKdV equation by using the exponential-fraction trial function method, such as solitary wave solutions, shock wave solutions and the hopping wave solutions. It successfully shows that this method may be valid for solving other nonlinear partial differential equations.展开更多
Based on the homogenous balance method and the trial function method, several trial function methods composed of exponential functions are proposed and applied to nonlinear discrete systems. With the.help of symbolic ...Based on the homogenous balance method and the trial function method, several trial function methods composed of exponential functions are proposed and applied to nonlinear discrete systems. With the.help of symbolic computation system, the new exact solitary wave solutions to discrete nonlinear mKdV lattice equation, discrete nonlinear （2 ＋ 1） dimensional Toda lattice equation, Ablowitz-Ladik-lattice system are constructed.The method is of significance to seek exact solitary wave solutions to other nonlinear discrete systems.展开更多
The nonlinear two-point boundary value problem(TPBVP)is converted to a new form of the problem including integral terms.Then the combination of weak-form integral equation method(WFIEM)and special functions create a r...The nonlinear two-point boundary value problem(TPBVP)is converted to a new form of the problem including integral terms.Then the combination of weak-form integral equation method(WFIEM)and special functions create a robust and applicable numerical scheme to solve the problem.To display the accuracy of our method,some examples are investigated.Also,the fractional Boussinesq-like equation involving the β-derivative has been considered that describes the propagation of small amplitude long capillary-gravity waves on the surface of shallow water.展开更多
Objective:This trial is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on treating FC.Methods:We describe the protocol for a randomized,patient-assessor-blinded,sham controlled trial.Seventy-two eligible p...Objective:This trial is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on treating FC.Methods:We describe the protocol for a randomized,patient-assessor-blinded,sham controlled trial.Seventy-two eligible patients will be randomly assigned to the intervention group(acupuncture)or the control group(sham acupuncture).All treatment will be given 26 sessions of acupuncture or sham acupuncture over 8 weeks(5 times per week in the first 2 weeks,3 times per week during weeks 3-6,and 2 times per week during weeks 7 and 8).Each treatment will last for 20 min.The primary outcome is the change in mean complete spontaneous bowel movements(CSBMs)per week.The secondary out?comes are patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire(PAC-QOL),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and the dosage of the medication.All adverse events will be recorded in detail and managed by corresponding researchers as quickly as possible.Outcomes will be evaluated at baseline(1 week before treatment),2 weeks after intervention begins,6 weeks after intervention begins,8 weeks after intervention begins,4 weeks follow-up,and 12 weeks follow-up.Discussion:The results of this study will provide the evidence of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as a traditional treatment methods for functional constipation.Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR-INR-17011472.Registered on 23 May 2017.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> A dual bronchodilator, long-acting anticholine drugs (glycopyrronium, LAMA) and the long running <em>β</em>-<sub>2</sub> stimulant (indacaterol, LABA),...<strong>Background:</strong> A dual bronchodilator, long-acting anticholine drugs (glycopyrronium, LAMA) and the long running <em>β</em>-<sub>2</sub> stimulant (indacaterol, LABA), are effective for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To evaluate the effectiveness of the perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA, a randomized prospective trial was performed for the lung cancer patients receiving a lobectomy with normal pulmonary function and COPD. <strong>Methods:</strong> Based on the results of the preoperative pulmonary function test, 25 patients were diagnosed with COPD [% forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV<sub>1</sub>) < 70%]. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled as non-obstructive patients (70% ≤ %FEV<sub>1</sub>), who were randomized into two groups, the LAMA/LABA (n = 19) and the Control group (n = 18). The LAMA/LABA and the COPD groups daily received inhaled LAMA (50 μg) and LABA (110 μg) for 1 week before surgery and for least 4 weeks after surgery. The Control group had no treatment of the dual bronchodilator. The actual values were measured during the perioperative pulmonary function at three points of the preoperative baseline, the postoperative 1 week and the postoperative 4 weeks;these changes and changed ratios were then calculated. The patient-reported outcomes of the quality of life (PRO-QOL) were evaluated by the Cancer Dyspnea Scale (CDS), the COPD assessment test, and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. <strong>Results:</strong> Regarding the value of FEV<sub>1</sub> at the baseline, that in the LAMA/LABA group was 79.2% ± 6.4% and that in the Control group was 80.9% ± 6.4%, but that in the COPD groups was 57.9% ± 8.7%;there was a significant difference between the COPD and the Control group (p < 0.0001). At the postoperative 1 week point, the FEV<sub>1</sub> value in the Control group was 1.3 ± 0.5 L and that in the LAMA/LABA group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L. On the other hand, that in the COPD group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L, which was significantly higher compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0251 and p = 0.0369). The intervention of LAMA/LABA for the COPD and non-obstructive patients resulted in the less decreased degree of the pulmonary function in FEV<sub>1</sub> compared to that in the Control group. Based on the PRO-QOL by the CDS, the intervention of LAMA/LABA significantly reduced the total dyspnea in the LAMA/LABA group compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0348). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA should lead to maintaining the postoperative pulmonary function of the FEV<sub>1</sub> during the lobectomy with COPD and non-obstructive patients and the improvement of PRO-QOL.展开更多
Acupuncture is widely used to treat functional dyspepsia with satisfactory outcomes. Combination of the He and Mu acupoints is commonly used and has a synergistic effect on functional dyspepsia; however, its underlyin...Acupuncture is widely used to treat functional dyspepsia with satisfactory outcomes. Combination of the He and Mu acupoints is commonly used and has a synergistic effect on functional dyspepsia; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, a randomized controlled parallel clinical trial is currently underway at Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China. This trial is designed to explore the efficacy of and central responses to the He-Mu point combination in patients with functional dyspepsia using functional magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 105 patients with functional dyspepsia will be allocated into 3 groups： the low-He point group（puncturing at Zusanli（ST36））, Mu point group（puncturing at Zhongwan（CV12））, and He-Mu point combination group（puncturing at ST36 and CV12）. Every participant will receive 20 sessions of manual acupuncture for 4 weeks. The needles will be inserted perpendicularly to a depth of 1 to 2 cun. The angle of rotation and twisting will range from 90 to 180 degrees, while lifting and thrusting will range from 0.3 to 0.5 cm. The various manipulations will be performed 60 to 90 times per minute. The needles will remain in place for 30 minutes, during which manipulation will be applied every 10 minutes. Magnetic resonance imaging will be performed before and after 20 sessions of acupuncture. The primary outcome is symptom improvement according to the Chinese version of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index. Secondary outcomes include the Leeds dyspepsia questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and visual analogue scale scores before and after 10 and 20 sessions of acupuncture. Needle sensation and adverse events will be used to assess the therapeutic effects. This study will promote more widespread awareness of the benefits of acupoint combination in the clinical setting and provide a further explanation of the neuromechanism by which acupuncture at the He-Mu point combination for functional dyspepsia. Registration： Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Chi CTR-IOR-15006402.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the effect of chewing sugar-free gum on gastrointestinal function recovery after cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing the use of chewing gum in postoperative recover...Objective: To evaluate the effect of chewing sugar-free gum on gastrointestinal function recovery after cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing the use of chewing gum in postoperative recovery with a control group were retrieved from the databases including Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, et al. After screening literatures, evaluating the quality of studies, extracting data, the RevMan5.3 software was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 13 RCTs including 2233 patients were analyzed in the study. The results showed that chewing gum after cesarean delivery can effectively shorten the recovery time of bowel sounds, passage of flatus and first defecation (all P Conclusion: Chewing sugar-free gum after cesarean section can promote the early recovery of gastrointestinal function, but the side effects of chewing gum are still unclear, which needs more clinical, large sample and high-quality studies to further verify.展开更多
目的:神经肌肉训练是近年来较新的一种综合康复治疗方法,对膝骨关节炎的疗效尚存在争议。此次研究通过系统Meta分析评价神经肌肉训练治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:全面检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、We...目的:神经肌肉训练是近年来较新的一种综合康复治疗方法,对膝骨关节炎的疗效尚存在争议。此次研究通过系统Meta分析评价神经肌肉训练治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:全面检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EBSCO和Embase文献数据库中有关神经肌肉训练治疗膝骨关节炎的临床随机对照试验,时间从各数据库建库至2023年10月,神经肌肉训练组(试验组)使用神经肌肉训练或以神经肌肉训练为主要干预方式;对照组为空白组或采用常规康复治疗。结局指标包括西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分(The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index,WOMAC)、行走计时、膝关节稳定性、30 s内膝关节最大弯曲次数。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具和物理治疗证据数据库量表确定纳入文献质量,使用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入11项临床随机对照试验,纳入样本量628例。Meta分析结果显示:①WOMAC疼痛评分试验组优于对照组(SMD=0.38,95%CI:0.08-0.69,P=0.01);②膝关节稳定性和30s内膝关节最大弯曲次数试验组均优于对照组(膝关节稳定性:SMD=0.57,95%CI:0.23-0.92,P=0.001;30 s内膝关节最大弯曲次数:SMD=0.35,95%CI:0.05-0.65,P=0.02);两组均可提高膝骨关节炎患者行走速度,改善行走能力,但差异无显著性意义(行走计时:SMD=-0.22,95%CI:-0.48-0.03,P=0.09);③WOMAC身体功能评分试验组优于对照组(SMD=-0.79,95%CI:-1.30至-0.28,P=0.002)。结论:神经肌肉训练可以有效改善膝骨关节炎患者的疼痛,增强膝关节稳定性,促进功能恢复,但仍需要更多高质量随机对照试验进一步研究证实。展开更多
基金Project supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11071177)
文摘In this paper, the trial function method is extended to study the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time- dependent coefficients. On the basis of a generalized traveling wave transformation and a trial function, we investigate the exact envelope traveling wave solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients. Taking advantage of solutions to trial function, we successfully obtain exact solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients under constraint conditions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 10575082 and 10247008）.
文摘This paper obtains some solutions of the 5th-order mKdV equation by using the exponential-fraction trial function method, such as solitary wave solutions, shock wave solutions and the hopping wave solutions. It successfully shows that this method may be valid for solving other nonlinear partial differential equations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10461006)the Science Research Foundation of Institution of Higher Education of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (NJZZ07031)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (200408020103)the Natural Science Research Program of Inner Mongolia Normal University (QN005023)
文摘Based on the homogenous balance method and the trial function method, several trial function methods composed of exponential functions are proposed and applied to nonlinear discrete systems. With the.help of symbolic computation system, the new exact solitary wave solutions to discrete nonlinear mKdV lattice equation, discrete nonlinear （2 ＋ 1） dimensional Toda lattice equation, Ablowitz-Ladik-lattice system are constructed.The method is of significance to seek exact solitary wave solutions to other nonlinear discrete systems.
文摘The nonlinear two-point boundary value problem(TPBVP)is converted to a new form of the problem including integral terms.Then the combination of weak-form integral equation method(WFIEM)and special functions create a robust and applicable numerical scheme to solve the problem.To display the accuracy of our method,some examples are investigated.Also,the fractional Boussinesq-like equation involving the β-derivative has been considered that describes the propagation of small amplitude long capillary-gravity waves on the surface of shallow water.
基金supported by the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(Grant No.2016LQ015)
文摘Objective:This trial is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on treating FC.Methods:We describe the protocol for a randomized,patient-assessor-blinded,sham controlled trial.Seventy-two eligible patients will be randomly assigned to the intervention group(acupuncture)or the control group(sham acupuncture).All treatment will be given 26 sessions of acupuncture or sham acupuncture over 8 weeks(5 times per week in the first 2 weeks,3 times per week during weeks 3-6,and 2 times per week during weeks 7 and 8).Each treatment will last for 20 min.The primary outcome is the change in mean complete spontaneous bowel movements(CSBMs)per week.The secondary out?comes are patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire(PAC-QOL),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and the dosage of the medication.All adverse events will be recorded in detail and managed by corresponding researchers as quickly as possible.Outcomes will be evaluated at baseline(1 week before treatment),2 weeks after intervention begins,6 weeks after intervention begins,8 weeks after intervention begins,4 weeks follow-up,and 12 weeks follow-up.Discussion:The results of this study will provide the evidence of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as a traditional treatment methods for functional constipation.Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR-INR-17011472.Registered on 23 May 2017.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> A dual bronchodilator, long-acting anticholine drugs (glycopyrronium, LAMA) and the long running <em>β</em>-<sub>2</sub> stimulant (indacaterol, LABA), are effective for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To evaluate the effectiveness of the perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA, a randomized prospective trial was performed for the lung cancer patients receiving a lobectomy with normal pulmonary function and COPD. <strong>Methods:</strong> Based on the results of the preoperative pulmonary function test, 25 patients were diagnosed with COPD [% forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV<sub>1</sub>) < 70%]. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled as non-obstructive patients (70% ≤ %FEV<sub>1</sub>), who were randomized into two groups, the LAMA/LABA (n = 19) and the Control group (n = 18). The LAMA/LABA and the COPD groups daily received inhaled LAMA (50 μg) and LABA (110 μg) for 1 week before surgery and for least 4 weeks after surgery. The Control group had no treatment of the dual bronchodilator. The actual values were measured during the perioperative pulmonary function at three points of the preoperative baseline, the postoperative 1 week and the postoperative 4 weeks;these changes and changed ratios were then calculated. The patient-reported outcomes of the quality of life (PRO-QOL) were evaluated by the Cancer Dyspnea Scale (CDS), the COPD assessment test, and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. <strong>Results:</strong> Regarding the value of FEV<sub>1</sub> at the baseline, that in the LAMA/LABA group was 79.2% ± 6.4% and that in the Control group was 80.9% ± 6.4%, but that in the COPD groups was 57.9% ± 8.7%;there was a significant difference between the COPD and the Control group (p < 0.0001). At the postoperative 1 week point, the FEV<sub>1</sub> value in the Control group was 1.3 ± 0.5 L and that in the LAMA/LABA group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L. On the other hand, that in the COPD group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L, which was significantly higher compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0251 and p = 0.0369). The intervention of LAMA/LABA for the COPD and non-obstructive patients resulted in the less decreased degree of the pulmonary function in FEV<sub>1</sub> compared to that in the Control group. Based on the PRO-QOL by the CDS, the intervention of LAMA/LABA significantly reduced the total dyspnea in the LAMA/LABA group compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0348). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA should lead to maintaining the postoperative pulmonary function of the FEV<sub>1</sub> during the lobectomy with COPD and non-obstructive patients and the improvement of PRO-QOL.
基金supported by the National Scientific Foundation Committee in China,No.81473602the Education Ministry’s New Century Excellent Talents Supporting Plan in China+3 种基金the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China,No.201486the Youth Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province in China,No.15QNJJ0008the National Natural Science Foundation-Excellent Youth Foundation in China,No.81622052the 2011 Co-Innovation Center of Sichuan Province named Acupoint Effects of Acupuncture Co-Innovation Center
文摘Acupuncture is widely used to treat functional dyspepsia with satisfactory outcomes. Combination of the He and Mu acupoints is commonly used and has a synergistic effect on functional dyspepsia; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, a randomized controlled parallel clinical trial is currently underway at Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China. This trial is designed to explore the efficacy of and central responses to the He-Mu point combination in patients with functional dyspepsia using functional magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 105 patients with functional dyspepsia will be allocated into 3 groups： the low-He point group（puncturing at Zusanli（ST36））, Mu point group（puncturing at Zhongwan（CV12））, and He-Mu point combination group（puncturing at ST36 and CV12）. Every participant will receive 20 sessions of manual acupuncture for 4 weeks. The needles will be inserted perpendicularly to a depth of 1 to 2 cun. The angle of rotation and twisting will range from 90 to 180 degrees, while lifting and thrusting will range from 0.3 to 0.5 cm. The various manipulations will be performed 60 to 90 times per minute. The needles will remain in place for 30 minutes, during which manipulation will be applied every 10 minutes. Magnetic resonance imaging will be performed before and after 20 sessions of acupuncture. The primary outcome is symptom improvement according to the Chinese version of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index. Secondary outcomes include the Leeds dyspepsia questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and visual analogue scale scores before and after 10 and 20 sessions of acupuncture. Needle sensation and adverse events will be used to assess the therapeutic effects. This study will promote more widespread awareness of the benefits of acupoint combination in the clinical setting and provide a further explanation of the neuromechanism by which acupuncture at the He-Mu point combination for functional dyspepsia. Registration： Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Chi CTR-IOR-15006402.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the effect of chewing sugar-free gum on gastrointestinal function recovery after cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing the use of chewing gum in postoperative recovery with a control group were retrieved from the databases including Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, et al. After screening literatures, evaluating the quality of studies, extracting data, the RevMan5.3 software was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 13 RCTs including 2233 patients were analyzed in the study. The results showed that chewing gum after cesarean delivery can effectively shorten the recovery time of bowel sounds, passage of flatus and first defecation (all P Conclusion: Chewing sugar-free gum after cesarean section can promote the early recovery of gastrointestinal function, but the side effects of chewing gum are still unclear, which needs more clinical, large sample and high-quality studies to further verify.
文摘目的:神经肌肉训练是近年来较新的一种综合康复治疗方法,对膝骨关节炎的疗效尚存在争议。此次研究通过系统Meta分析评价神经肌肉训练治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:全面检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EBSCO和Embase文献数据库中有关神经肌肉训练治疗膝骨关节炎的临床随机对照试验,时间从各数据库建库至2023年10月,神经肌肉训练组(试验组)使用神经肌肉训练或以神经肌肉训练为主要干预方式;对照组为空白组或采用常规康复治疗。结局指标包括西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分(The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index,WOMAC)、行走计时、膝关节稳定性、30 s内膝关节最大弯曲次数。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具和物理治疗证据数据库量表确定纳入文献质量,使用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入11项临床随机对照试验,纳入样本量628例。Meta分析结果显示:①WOMAC疼痛评分试验组优于对照组(SMD=0.38,95%CI:0.08-0.69,P=0.01);②膝关节稳定性和30s内膝关节最大弯曲次数试验组均优于对照组(膝关节稳定性:SMD=0.57,95%CI:0.23-0.92,P=0.001;30 s内膝关节最大弯曲次数:SMD=0.35,95%CI:0.05-0.65,P=0.02);两组均可提高膝骨关节炎患者行走速度,改善行走能力,但差异无显著性意义(行走计时:SMD=-0.22,95%CI:-0.48-0.03,P=0.09);③WOMAC身体功能评分试验组优于对照组(SMD=-0.79,95%CI:-1.30至-0.28,P=0.002)。结论:神经肌肉训练可以有效改善膝骨关节炎患者的疼痛,增强膝关节稳定性,促进功能恢复,但仍需要更多高质量随机对照试验进一步研究证实。
