Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently e...Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently employ complex wavefront modulators and external control algorithms,resulting in increased system footprint and limited tuning efficiency.In this work,we present an all-silicon mechanically rotatable cascaded metasurface capable of dynamic THz beam focusing.By independently adjusting the relative rotation angles between the two metasurface layers,real-time repositioning of the focal spot is achieved for orthogonal circular polarization channels.The proposed design facilitates polarization-division multiplexing without requiring external algorithms or active materials while preserving high focusing efficiency and beam quality across a predefined focal plane.Numerical simulations reveal a quasi-linear shift of the focal position with the rotation angle,with stable focusing efficiency and full-width at half-maximum observed in both polarization channels.This strategy offers an efficient and reliable approach to dynamic wavefront control for compact,reconfigurable THz imaging,sensing,and communication systems.展开更多
Accurate control of slab temperature and heating rate is an important significance to improve product performance and reduce carbon emissions for steel rolling reheating furnace(SRRF).Firstly,a spatial temporal distri...Accurate control of slab temperature and heating rate is an important significance to improve product performance and reduce carbon emissions for steel rolling reheating furnace(SRRF).Firstly,a spatial temporal distributed-nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs correlation model(STD-NARXCM)to spatial temporal distributed-autoregressive with exogenous inputs correlation model(STD-ARXCM)in working point is established.Secondly,a new coordinated time-sharing control architecture in different time periods is proposed,which is along the length of the SRRF to improve the control performance.Thirdly,a hybrid control algorithm of expert-fuzzy is proposed to improve the dynamic of the temperature and the heating rate during time period 0 to t_(1).A hybrid control algorithm of expert-fuzzy-PID is proposed to enhance the control accuracy and the heating rate during time period t_(1) to t_(2).A hybrid control algorithm of expert-active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)is proposed to boost the anti-interference and the heating rate during time period t_(2) to t_(3).Finally,the experimental results show that the coordinated time-sharing algorithm can meet the process requirements,the maximum deviation of temperature value is 8-13.5℃.展开更多
Bionic limbs require reliable,low-noise and high-comfort interfaces between electrodes and the prosthetic system.This work presents the first fully flexible,wearable myoelectric control system compatible with both dry...Bionic limbs require reliable,low-noise and high-comfort interfaces between electrodes and the prosthetic system.This work presents the first fully flexible,wearable myoelectric control system compatible with both dry and wet electrodes.It features a low-noise front-end circuit on foil using amorphous Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide(a-IGZO)Thin-Film Transistors,optimized for multi-electrode sensing.The design includes an autozeroed pre-charging buffer to minimize offset and 1/f noise while maintaining high input impedance(841 MΩat 50 Hz).The front-end achieves 22µVrms input noise,<-90 dBc crosstalk,and a 4.6 mV input offset consuming 55.3µW per channel.EMG signals measured by this AFE were used to drive an elbow musculoskeletal model and predict the resulting human elbow flexion-extension moments,which in turn were used to realize a closed-loop real-time control in a simulated bionic elbow joint,using both dry and wet electrodes.Experiments done with a series of movements show a 20°rms error in angular control.展开更多
Arboviral encephalitis is a group of animal and human illness that is mostly caused by several distinct families of viruses including orthobunya virus, phlebovirus, flaviviruses, and the alphaviruses. Although specifi...Arboviral encephalitis is a group of animal and human illness that is mostly caused by several distinct families of viruses including orthobunya virus, phlebovirus, flaviviruses, and the alphaviruses. Although specific signs and symptoms vary by the type of central nervous system (CNS), initial signs and symptoms are very similar. Therefore rapid immunologic and molecular tools for differential diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis viruses are important for effective case management and control of the spread of encephalitis. The qRT-PCR assay, especially multiplex PCR, has the potential to produce considerable savings in time and resources in the laboratory detection. Meanwhile, the use of IC can prevent false negatives effectively by monitoring the processes of nucleic acid extraction and amplification. This report describes the development of a panel of internally controlled multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays in which two virus specific-probe sets were used in the same reaction for the detection of 15 species arboviral encephalitis viruses: the comparative sensitivity of multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays to single plex one-step qRT-PCR assays as well as one-step RT-PCR assays for detection of each viral species. And total of 150 human serum samples were detected to evaluate the multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays. These multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays with IC were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, linearity, precision, specificity, and also field samples including serum and vector. These assays can detect and differentiate arboviral encephalitis viruses by high throughput, sensitive, and specific way. It is useful for clinical management and outbreak control of arboviral encephalitis viruses and vector surveillance.展开更多
Admission control is an important strategy for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in Asynchro- nous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks. Based on a control-theory model of resources on-Demand Allocation (DA) protocol, the...Admission control is an important strategy for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in Asynchro- nous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks. Based on a control-theory model of resources on-Demand Allocation (DA) protocol, the paper studies the effect of the protocol on the statistical characteristics of network traffic, and proposes a combined connection admission control algorithm with the DA protocol to achieve full utiliza- tion of link resources in satellite communication systems. The proposed algorithm is based on the cross-layer-design approach. Theoretical analysis and system simulation results show that the proposed algo- rithm can admit more connections within certain admission thresholds than one that does not take into account the DA protocol. Thus, the proposed algorithm can increase admission ratio of traffic sources for satellite ATM networks and improve satellite link utilization.展开更多
This paper presents the principle of the fuzzy associate memory controlled leaky bucket (FAMLB) and several concepts for Usage Parameter Control (UPC) in ATM networks. The multiplex weight and random fuzzy rules adjus...This paper presents the principle of the fuzzy associate memory controlled leaky bucket (FAMLB) and several concepts for Usage Parameter Control (UPC) in ATM networks. The multiplex weight and random fuzzy rules adjustment method in the system architecture are introduced. The conclusions show that the FAMLB is a better dynamic method of UPC than the traditional ones.展开更多
Traditional tunable metasurfaces have evolved through mechanisms relying on external stimuli,such as electrical,thermal,or optical excitation,to dynamically control electromagnetic(EM)wavefronts.While these approaches...Traditional tunable metasurfaces have evolved through mechanisms relying on external stimuli,such as electrical,thermal,or optical excitation,to dynamically control electromagnetic(EM)wavefronts.While these approaches enable functionalities like focal varying and polarization modulation,they suffer from inherent limitations,including energy inefficiency,structural complexity,and limited adaptability.Here,cascaded all-dielectric Moirémetasurfaces are introduced,which are capable of simultaneous polarization multiplexing and focal-length control for terahertz(THz)beams without external stimuli.Moirédevice 1 combines polarization-insensitive(Layer 1)and polarization-sensitive(Layer 2)meta-atoms to independently tailor orthogonal circular polarization channels,including left-handed circular polarization(LCP)and right-handed circular polarization(RCP).Under circularly polarized illumination,it generates focused beams with distinct topological charges(l=0 for LCP→RCP and l=1 for RCP→LCP),while relative layer rotation enables continuous focal-length adjustment from 9.28 mm to3.22 mm,accompanied by a numerical aperture(NA)increase from 0.54 to 0.88.Moirédevice 2 extends this paradigm to orthogonal linear polarization(LP)channels,producing l=1 and l=0 beams under x-LP and y-LP illumination,with a zoom range of 8.42–3.11 mm and NA up to 0.88.Experimental results validate polarization-selective focusing with efficiency exceeding 15%and robust agreement with simulation results,and the calculated absolute percentage errors(APEs)are below 5.9%for focal length and 3%for NA.These values are consistent with the expected theoretical trends,demonstrating that the experimental results align well with the predicted performance.This reconfigurable system introduces additional control dimensions through mechanical adjustments to cascaded metasurfaces,paving the way for adaptive wavefront control and opening new avenues for next-generation optical technologies.展开更多
We describe a new algorithm in a cost effective polarization division multiplexing （PDM） system. Without modifying the existing transmitter, receiver electronics, or softwares, we use a special optical scheme to dem...We describe a new algorithm in a cost effective polarization division multiplexing （PDM） system. Without modifying the existing transmitter, receiver electronics, or softwares, we use a special optical scheme to demultiplex the signal multiplexed and improve it with a conjugated gradient algorithm. We experimentally resume the polarization state with a deviation under 5% and the power loss less than 20 dB which proves the feasibility of the polarization control algorithm in the new polarization multiplexing system.展开更多
Power factor correction (PFC) is widely used in many industry fields. In this paper, a novel multiplexed and paralleled PFC rectifier (MPPR) is proposed. Compared with the paralleled traditional six-switch buck-type P...Power factor correction (PFC) is widely used in many industry fields. In this paper, a novel multiplexed and paralleled PFC rectifier (MPPR) is proposed. Compared with the paralleled traditional six-switch buck-type PFC rectifier (SSBPR), the proposed one uses fewer switches by multiplexing. And it is beneficial for system hardware design. The commutation states of the rectifier are illustrated in detail. By comparing the active power switches, it is shown that the efficiency of the rectifier is similar to that of the traditional paralleled one. Because the commutation states for the upper and lower parts of the rectifier are different, the controller of the converter is analyzed step by step. The forward duties and the inductor current references are discussed by considering the different input voltages of the upper and lower parts of the MPPR. Then the controller is presented and analyzed. Finally the effectiveness of the MPPR is verified by experiments.展开更多
Polarization-dependent loss(PDL)of mode-division multiplexing(MDM)links has a direct influence on the effective transmission of dual-polarization(DP)signals for large-capacity communication.In this paper,we aim to ide...Polarization-dependent loss(PDL)of mode-division multiplexing(MDM)links has a direct influence on the effective transmission of dual-polarization(DP)signals for large-capacity communication.In this paper,we aim to identify the origin of PDL in MDM systems and optimize the transmission performance of DP signals.The PDL characteristic of the fundamental MDM system with a few-mode polarization controller(FMPC)is theoretically analyzed and verified by experiments.It is shown that the PDL of MDM links arrives at the minimum when the spatial pattern of mode channels is independent of the input polarization angle.The experimental data have good consistency with the theoretical curve.At the same time,the origin of PDL for MDM systems is identified,that is,the mode dependency can be converted into the polarization dependency in the MDM links.The theoretical and experimental results in the paper can guide PDL optimization of DP signals in MDM transmission.展开更多
HIRFL-CSRe是兰州重离子加速器装置HIRFL(heavy ion research facility in Lanzhou)的后加速冷却储存环CSR(cooler storage ring)系统中的实验环部分,其中的二极铁磁铁对电源的性能提出了更高的要求。为满足此类磁铁电源高精度指标需求...HIRFL-CSRe是兰州重离子加速器装置HIRFL(heavy ion research facility in Lanzhou)的后加速冷却储存环CSR(cooler storage ring)系统中的实验环部分,其中的二极铁磁铁对电源的性能提出了更高的要求。为满足此类磁铁电源高精度指标需求并解决其技术难点,研制高精度直流电源装置。电源主回路采用多重化电路拓扑结构,控制部分采用多变量耦合的数字模拟混合控制策略,工艺结构采用功率变换器等关键部件标准化设计。实验结果表明,电源输出电流稳定度≤5×10^(-6)/8 h,电源的其他性能指标也达到了加速器物理设计的要求,并通过了验收测试。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants U22A2008,12404484,12464016,and 62405219)the Double First Class Joint Special Key Project of Yunnan Science and Technology Department and Yunnan University(Grant 202401BF070001-012)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program(Grant 25QNJJ2419).
文摘Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently employ complex wavefront modulators and external control algorithms,resulting in increased system footprint and limited tuning efficiency.In this work,we present an all-silicon mechanically rotatable cascaded metasurface capable of dynamic THz beam focusing.By independently adjusting the relative rotation angles between the two metasurface layers,real-time repositioning of the focal spot is achieved for orthogonal circular polarization channels.The proposed design facilitates polarization-division multiplexing without requiring external algorithms or active materials while preserving high focusing efficiency and beam quality across a predefined focal plane.Numerical simulations reveal a quasi-linear shift of the focal position with the rotation angle,with stable focusing efficiency and full-width at half-maximum observed in both polarization channels.This strategy offers an efficient and reliable approach to dynamic wavefront control for compact,reconfigurable THz imaging,sensing,and communication systems.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62173032 and 62003038).
文摘Accurate control of slab temperature and heating rate is an important significance to improve product performance and reduce carbon emissions for steel rolling reheating furnace(SRRF).Firstly,a spatial temporal distributed-nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs correlation model(STD-NARXCM)to spatial temporal distributed-autoregressive with exogenous inputs correlation model(STD-ARXCM)in working point is established.Secondly,a new coordinated time-sharing control architecture in different time periods is proposed,which is along the length of the SRRF to improve the control performance.Thirdly,a hybrid control algorithm of expert-fuzzy is proposed to improve the dynamic of the temperature and the heating rate during time period 0 to t_(1).A hybrid control algorithm of expert-fuzzy-PID is proposed to enhance the control accuracy and the heating rate during time period t_(1) to t_(2).A hybrid control algorithm of expert-active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)is proposed to boost the anti-interference and the heating rate during time period t_(2) to t_(3).Finally,the experimental results show that the coordinated time-sharing algorithm can meet the process requirements,the maximum deviation of temperature value is 8-13.5℃.
基金project Smart-Sense(with project number17608)which is(partly)financed by the Dutch Research Council(NWO)。
文摘Bionic limbs require reliable,low-noise and high-comfort interfaces between electrodes and the prosthetic system.This work presents the first fully flexible,wearable myoelectric control system compatible with both dry and wet electrodes.It features a low-noise front-end circuit on foil using amorphous Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide(a-IGZO)Thin-Film Transistors,optimized for multi-electrode sensing.The design includes an autozeroed pre-charging buffer to minimize offset and 1/f noise while maintaining high input impedance(841 MΩat 50 Hz).The front-end achieves 22µVrms input noise,<-90 dBc crosstalk,and a 4.6 mV input offset consuming 55.3µW per channel.EMG signals measured by this AFE were used to drive an elbow musculoskeletal model and predict the resulting human elbow flexion-extension moments,which in turn were used to realize a closed-loop real-time control in a simulated bionic elbow joint,using both dry and wet electrodes.Experiments done with a series of movements show a 20°rms error in angular control.
文摘Arboviral encephalitis is a group of animal and human illness that is mostly caused by several distinct families of viruses including orthobunya virus, phlebovirus, flaviviruses, and the alphaviruses. Although specific signs and symptoms vary by the type of central nervous system (CNS), initial signs and symptoms are very similar. Therefore rapid immunologic and molecular tools for differential diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis viruses are important for effective case management and control of the spread of encephalitis. The qRT-PCR assay, especially multiplex PCR, has the potential to produce considerable savings in time and resources in the laboratory detection. Meanwhile, the use of IC can prevent false negatives effectively by monitoring the processes of nucleic acid extraction and amplification. This report describes the development of a panel of internally controlled multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays in which two virus specific-probe sets were used in the same reaction for the detection of 15 species arboviral encephalitis viruses: the comparative sensitivity of multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays to single plex one-step qRT-PCR assays as well as one-step RT-PCR assays for detection of each viral species. And total of 150 human serum samples were detected to evaluate the multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays. These multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays with IC were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, linearity, precision, specificity, and also field samples including serum and vector. These assays can detect and differentiate arboviral encephalitis viruses by high throughput, sensitive, and specific way. It is useful for clinical management and outbreak control of arboviral encephalitis viruses and vector surveillance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60472027).
文摘Admission control is an important strategy for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in Asynchro- nous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks. Based on a control-theory model of resources on-Demand Allocation (DA) protocol, the paper studies the effect of the protocol on the statistical characteristics of network traffic, and proposes a combined connection admission control algorithm with the DA protocol to achieve full utiliza- tion of link resources in satellite communication systems. The proposed algorithm is based on the cross-layer-design approach. Theoretical analysis and system simulation results show that the proposed algo- rithm can admit more connections within certain admission thresholds than one that does not take into account the DA protocol. Thus, the proposed algorithm can increase admission ratio of traffic sources for satellite ATM networks and improve satellite link utilization.
文摘This paper presents the principle of the fuzzy associate memory controlled leaky bucket (FAMLB) and several concepts for Usage Parameter Control (UPC) in ATM networks. The multiplex weight and random fuzzy rules adjustment method in the system architecture are introduced. The conclusions show that the FAMLB is a better dynamic method of UPC than the traditional ones.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A2008,12404484,62405219)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program(25QNJJ2419)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2800703)Laoshan Laboratory Science and Technology Innovation Project(LSKJ202200801)。
文摘Traditional tunable metasurfaces have evolved through mechanisms relying on external stimuli,such as electrical,thermal,or optical excitation,to dynamically control electromagnetic(EM)wavefronts.While these approaches enable functionalities like focal varying and polarization modulation,they suffer from inherent limitations,including energy inefficiency,structural complexity,and limited adaptability.Here,cascaded all-dielectric Moirémetasurfaces are introduced,which are capable of simultaneous polarization multiplexing and focal-length control for terahertz(THz)beams without external stimuli.Moirédevice 1 combines polarization-insensitive(Layer 1)and polarization-sensitive(Layer 2)meta-atoms to independently tailor orthogonal circular polarization channels,including left-handed circular polarization(LCP)and right-handed circular polarization(RCP).Under circularly polarized illumination,it generates focused beams with distinct topological charges(l=0 for LCP→RCP and l=1 for RCP→LCP),while relative layer rotation enables continuous focal-length adjustment from 9.28 mm to3.22 mm,accompanied by a numerical aperture(NA)increase from 0.54 to 0.88.Moirédevice 2 extends this paradigm to orthogonal linear polarization(LP)channels,producing l=1 and l=0 beams under x-LP and y-LP illumination,with a zoom range of 8.42–3.11 mm and NA up to 0.88.Experimental results validate polarization-selective focusing with efficiency exceeding 15%and robust agreement with simulation results,and the calculated absolute percentage errors(APEs)are below 5.9%for focal length and 3%for NA.These values are consistent with the expected theoretical trends,demonstrating that the experimental results align well with the predicted performance.This reconfigurable system introduces additional control dimensions through mechanical adjustments to cascaded metasurfaces,paving the way for adaptive wavefront control and opening new avenues for next-generation optical technologies.
基金supported by the Key Item of Application Basis Research Plan of Tianjin under Grant No.06YFJZJC00400.
文摘We describe a new algorithm in a cost effective polarization division multiplexing （PDM） system. Without modifying the existing transmitter, receiver electronics, or softwares, we use a special optical scheme to demultiplex the signal multiplexed and improve it with a conjugated gradient algorithm. We experimentally resume the polarization state with a deviation under 5% and the power loss less than 20 dB which proves the feasibility of the polarization control algorithm in the new polarization multiplexing system.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61963030)the Education Administration project(No.17YJA630085)the Education Reform Project(No.202137)。
文摘Power factor correction (PFC) is widely used in many industry fields. In this paper, a novel multiplexed and paralleled PFC rectifier (MPPR) is proposed. Compared with the paralleled traditional six-switch buck-type PFC rectifier (SSBPR), the proposed one uses fewer switches by multiplexing. And it is beneficial for system hardware design. The commutation states of the rectifier are illustrated in detail. By comparing the active power switches, it is shown that the efficiency of the rectifier is similar to that of the traditional paralleled one. Because the commutation states for the upper and lower parts of the rectifier are different, the controller of the converter is analyzed step by step. The forward duties and the inductor current references are discussed by considering the different input voltages of the upper and lower parts of the MPPR. Then the controller is presented and analyzed. Finally the effectiveness of the MPPR is verified by experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62171078)。
文摘Polarization-dependent loss(PDL)of mode-division multiplexing(MDM)links has a direct influence on the effective transmission of dual-polarization(DP)signals for large-capacity communication.In this paper,we aim to identify the origin of PDL in MDM systems and optimize the transmission performance of DP signals.The PDL characteristic of the fundamental MDM system with a few-mode polarization controller(FMPC)is theoretically analyzed and verified by experiments.It is shown that the PDL of MDM links arrives at the minimum when the spatial pattern of mode channels is independent of the input polarization angle.The experimental data have good consistency with the theoretical curve.At the same time,the origin of PDL for MDM systems is identified,that is,the mode dependency can be converted into the polarization dependency in the MDM links.The theoretical and experimental results in the paper can guide PDL optimization of DP signals in MDM transmission.
文摘HIRFL-CSRe是兰州重离子加速器装置HIRFL(heavy ion research facility in Lanzhou)的后加速冷却储存环CSR(cooler storage ring)系统中的实验环部分,其中的二极铁磁铁对电源的性能提出了更高的要求。为满足此类磁铁电源高精度指标需求并解决其技术难点,研制高精度直流电源装置。电源主回路采用多重化电路拓扑结构,控制部分采用多变量耦合的数字模拟混合控制策略,工艺结构采用功率变换器等关键部件标准化设计。实验结果表明,电源输出电流稳定度≤5×10^(-6)/8 h,电源的其他性能指标也达到了加速器物理设计的要求,并通过了验收测试。
