Temperature front (TF) is one of the important features in the Yellow Sea, which forms in spring,thrives in summer, and fades in autumn as thermocline declines. TF intensity |ST| is defined to describe the distributio...Temperature front (TF) is one of the important features in the Yellow Sea, which forms in spring,thrives in summer, and fades in autumn as thermocline declines. TF intensity |ST| is defined to describe the distribution of TF. Based on the MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled model, temperature distribution in the Yellow Sea was simulated with and without tidal effects. Along 36°N, distribution of TF from the simulated results are compared with the observations, and a quantitative analysis is introduced to evaluate the tidal effects on the forming and maintaining processes of the TF. Tidal mixing and the circulation structure adapting to it are the main causes of the TF.展开更多
Spatial distributions and seasonal variations of picoplankton (i.e. Synechococcus spp., Prochlorococcus spp., picoeukaryotes and heterotrophic bacteria) and viruses in the Changjiang estuary have been reported in the ...Spatial distributions and seasonal variations of picoplankton (i.e. Synechococcus spp., Prochlorococcus spp., picoeukaryotes and heterotrophic bacteria) and viruses in the Changjiang estuary have been reported in the past. However, short-term variations (e.g. at a tidal timescale) of these organisms and their regulating factors remain unclear. We determined the time-series of fluctuations of picoplankton and viruses with tide simultaneously in flow cytometry in the Changjiang estuary during a cruise in June 2006, in which a tidal model based rectangle equation was applied. The results indicate that high cell abundances of picoplankton and viruses occurred during flood tide and low cell abundances during ebb tide. The period of the surface cell abundance variations was about 13 h, suggesting the surface cell abundances in the Changjiang estuary were largely regulated by tide. However, cell abundances in middle and bottom waters varied in different periods due to influences of tidal induced physical forces such as resuspension and stratification. Therefore, tidal action is an important factor for the diel variations of picoplankton and viruses in the Changjiang estuary.展开更多
To investigate the tidal effects on intra-continental earthquake initiation in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,we selected over 1,500 focal mechanism solutions of inland earthquakes(epicenter locates at ...To investigate the tidal effects on intra-continental earthquake initiation in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,we selected over 1,500 focal mechanism solutions of inland earthquakes(epicenter locates at least 100 km to the coastlines)from Global Centroid Moment Tensor(GCMT)project and analyzed the values of tidal normal and shear stress as well as tidal Coulomb failure stress.For Coulomb failure stress calculation,we used Coulomb 3.40 software.We find that:(1)p-values of tidal stress change suggests a high tidal correlation of earthquake imitations with tidal normal stress change;(2)when tidal normal stress reached the local maximum values of compression and when tidal shear stress were closed to the positive peaks,earthquakes generated more frequently;(3)particular seismogenic environments such as strong continental plate interactions and the existence of fluids or rheologic substance possibly raise the tidal correlations and(4)higher sensitivity of earthquake initiation to earth tide presents along with higher seismicity,suggesting the rate of rain energy accumulation somehow has a dominating effect on the tidal correlation of earthquake initiation.展开更多
Three seabed-mounted TD/CTD chains and two upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) in the southwest of Zhangzi Island are used and a simultaneous cruise observation in the northern North Yellow Sea (...Three seabed-mounted TD/CTD chains and two upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) in the southwest of Zhangzi Island are used and a simultaneous cruise observation in the northern North Yellow Sea (NYS) is conducted to study temperature variation in the bottom thermal front zone of the NYS Cold Water Mass (NYSCWM) during the summer of 2009. In the flood-ebb tidal cycles, the bottom temperature decreases (increases) during flood (ebb) tides, which are dominated by the tidal-current induced horizontal advection. The ebb tide-induced temperature increase is larger than the flood tide-induced tempera- ture decrease due to seasonal warming. In the spring-neap tidal cycles, the temperature and the vertical temperature structure show notable fortnightly variation from 16 July to 25 August. The bottom temperature increases from neap to spring tides and decreases from spring to neap. The Richardson number demonstrates strengthened vertical mixing during spring tides but enhanced stratifica- tion during neap tides. The spring-neap variation in vertical shear caused by tidal current is the dominant factor that induces the fort- nightly variation in vertical mixing and thus bottom temperature.展开更多
Business districts are urban areas that have various functions for gathering people,such as work,consumption,leisure and entertainment.Due to the dynamic nature of business activities,there exists significant tidal ef...Business districts are urban areas that have various functions for gathering people,such as work,consumption,leisure and entertainment.Due to the dynamic nature of business activities,there exists significant tidal effect on the boundary and functionality of business districts.Indeed,effectively analyzing the tidal patterns of business districts can benefit the economic and social development of a city.However,with the implicit and complex nature of business district evolution,it is non-trivial for existing works to support the fine-grained and timely analysis on the tidal effect of business districts.To this end,we propose a data-driven and multi-dimensional framework for dynamic business district analysis.Specifically,we use the large-scale human trajectory data in urban areas to dynamically detect and forecast the boundary changes of business districts in different time periods.Then,we detect and forecast the functional changes in business districts.Experimental results on real-world trajectory data clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework on detecting and predicting the boundary and functionality change of business districts.Moreover,the analysis on practical business districts shows that our method can discover meaningful patterns and provide interesting insights into the dynamics of business districts.For example,the major functions of business districts will significantly change in different time periods in a day and the rate and magnitude of boundaries varies with the functional distribution of business districts.展开更多
The tide induced groundwater fluctuation and the seawater intrusion have important effects on hydrogeology and ecology of coastal aquifers.Among previous studies,there were few quantitative evaluations of the joint ef...The tide induced groundwater fluctuation and the seawater intrusion have important effects on hydrogeology and ecology of coastal aquifers.Among previous studies,there were few quantitative evaluations of the joint effects of the beach slope and the tide fluctuation on the groundwater dynamics.In this article,a numerical model is built by using the software FEFLOW with consideration of seawater intrusion,tide effects,density dependent flow and beach sloping effects.The simulation results are validated by laboratory experimental data in literature.More numerical scenarios are designed in a practical scale with different beach slopes.Results show that the groundwater fluctuation decays exponentially with the distance to the beach,i.e.,,and our simulation further shows that the beach slope influence can be expressed in the form of a logarithm function.While for the same location,the amplitude increases logarithmically with the beach angle in the form,where and are related with the horizontal distance（）in the form of a logarithm function.The beach slope has no influence on the phase lag,although the latter increases regularly with the distance from the sea.The beach slope effect on the seawater intrusion is investigated through the quantitative relationship among the relative intrusion length（）,the relative enhancement of the tide induced seawater intrusion（）and the beach angle（）.It is shown that the tide effects on a milder beach is much greater than on a vertical one,and both λ and κ can be expressed in logarithm functions of.The tidal effect on the flow field in the transition zone for a particular mild beach is also studied,with results showing that the tide induced fluctuation of is similar to the groundwater table fluctuation while shows a distinct variation along both directions.展开更多
In this study, we construct one 2-dimensional tidal simulation, using an unstructured Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model （FVCOM）. In the 2-D model, we simulated the tidal turbines through adding additional bottom dra...In this study, we construct one 2-dimensional tidal simulation, using an unstructured Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model （FVCOM）. In the 2-D model, we simulated the tidal turbines through adding additional bottom drag in the element where the tidal turbines reside. The additional bottom drag was calculated from the relationship of the bottom friction dissipation and the rated rotor efficiency of the tidal energy turbine. This study analyzed the effect of the tidal energy turbine to the hydrodynamic environment, and calculated the amount of the extractable tidal energy resource at the Guishan Hangmen Channel, considering the rotor wake effect.展开更多
The tidal current is generally predominant in China's offshore areas. The vertical structure of the observedtidal current is quite complicated with the presence of seasonal thermocline. The observed tidal current ...The tidal current is generally predominant in China's offshore areas. The vertical structure of the observedtidal current is quite complicated with the presence of seasonal thermocline. The observed tidal current may be divided into two parts, an averaged barotropic tide current and a variation tide current. A method for studying the vertical structure of tidal current is developed from the constitution and distribution of energy, and the vertical structure of the observed tide current in the North Huanghai Sea is studied on the basis of the method. The result shows that the reason why the energy of the tidal current is concentrated on the neighbourhood of the thermocline mainly lies in the internal tides i under certain conditions, the fact that the direction of the internal tide current above the thermocline is opposite to the one below the thermocline will be able to cause the rotary directions of the observed tidal current above and below the thermocline to be in opposite. The interaction between the averaged barotropic and the variation tide current plays an important role in forming the vertical structure of the tidal current, and it is mainly the interaction that results in the inho-mogeneous distribution of the tide current energy in the entire water column ; the ratio between the total energies of the internal tide current above the thermocline and the variation tide current in the entire water column is greater than the ratio between the total energies of that below the thermocline and the variation's. In a strong internal tide area such as the neighbourhood of Station L4, at diurnal tide frequency, the above-mentioned corresponding ratios are about 38. 82% and 29. 88%, respectively, and the energy of the internal tide current is about 68. 70%of the energy of the variation tide current; at semidiurnal tide frequency, the above-mentioned corresponding ratios are about 26. 61 % and 19. 73% , respectively, and the total internal tide current energy is about 46. 36% of the total variation tide current energy.展开更多
Flow in tidal rivers periodically propagates upstream or downstream under tidal influence. Hydrodynamic models based on the Saint-Venant equations （the SVN model） are extensively used to model tidal rivers. A force-...Flow in tidal rivers periodically propagates upstream or downstream under tidal influence. Hydrodynamic models based on the Saint-Venant equations （the SVN model） are extensively used to model tidal rivers. A force-corrected term expressed as the combination of flow velocity and the change rate of the tidal fevel was developed to represent tidal effects in the SVN model. A momentum equation incorporating with the corrected term was derived based on Newton＇s second law. By combing the modified momentum equation with the continuity equation, an improved SVN model for tidal rivers （the ISVN model） was constructed. The simulation of a tidal reach of the Qiantang River shows that the ISVN model performs better than the SVN model. It indicates that the corrected force derived for tidal effects is reasonable; the ISVN model provides an appropriate enhancement of the SVN model for flow simulation of tidal rivers.展开更多
Since end of the 90s of the last century the seismological station Moxa was extended and developed into the modern Geodynamic Observatory. It comprises also the new installation of borehole-tilt meters in front of the...Since end of the 90s of the last century the seismological station Moxa was extended and developed into the modern Geodynamic Observatory. It comprises also the new installation of borehole-tilt meters in front of the observatory building and laser-strain meters in the gallery. The question arises how non-tidal signals are displayed in the measured time series. The investigation of such signals which can be caused naturally or man-made, can result in different sensitivities for the various tilt- and strainmeter systems, e.g. regarding barometric pressure impacts and hydrological induced pore pressure effects.展开更多
The Wenzhou Shoal Reclamation Project is the core part of Wenzhou Peninsula Engineering which is a big comprehensive development project to expand the city space. The dynamics of the surrounding area was proved to suf...The Wenzhou Shoal Reclamation Project is the core part of Wenzhou Peninsula Engineering which is a big comprehensive development project to expand the city space. The dynamics of the surrounding area was proved to suffer little effect in response to the Lingni north dyke since it was built approximately along the current direction. Therefore, this paper focuses firstly on the tidal characteristics in the Wenzhou and Yueqing bays with the Lingni north dyke being built and then on the changes resulting from the implementation of the on-going Wenzhou Shoal Reclamation Project(WSRP) which will reclaim land from the whole Wenzhou Shoal. To simulate the tidal dynamics, a high-resolution coastal ocean model with unstructured triangular grids was set up for the Wenzhou and Yueqing Bays. The model resolved the complicated tidal dynamics with the simulated tidal elevation and current in good agreement with observations. In the study area, M2 is the predominant tidal component, which means the tide is semidiurnal. The new reclamation project hardly affects the Yueqing Bay and the open ocean, but there are concentrated effects on the mouth of the southern branch of the Oujiang River and the southwest of Wenzhou Shoal. This study provides an indicative reference to the local government and helps to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of the project.展开更多
In recent years,tidal flat development project in coastal cities in China continuously advancing practice proved that tidal flat development project is the coastal cities of effective measures to resolve the land fact...In recent years,tidal flat development project in coastal cities in China continuously advancing practice proved that tidal flat development project is the coastal cities of effective measures to resolve the land factors of economic development limitation,but at the same time the impact of the environment and the using of tidal flat development become the focus of attention.Analysis the coastal shoreline development and economic utilization,social benefits and the impact on the ecological environment combined with Qingdao joy of coastal project is under construction and proposed management measures to provide a theoretical basis for the tidal flat development and management has a very important significance.展开更多
文摘Temperature front (TF) is one of the important features in the Yellow Sea, which forms in spring,thrives in summer, and fades in autumn as thermocline declines. TF intensity |ST| is defined to describe the distribution of TF. Based on the MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled model, temperature distribution in the Yellow Sea was simulated with and without tidal effects. Along 36°N, distribution of TF from the simulated results are compared with the observations, and a quantitative analysis is introduced to evaluate the tidal effects on the forming and maintaining processes of the TF. Tidal mixing and the circulation structure adapting to it are the main causes of the TF.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Nos. 2002CB412405, 2004CB720505)a fund to the Innovative Research Team, the Ministry of Education of China (No.IRT0427)+1 种基金the PhD Program Scholarship Fund of ECNU 2007the Special Research Fund for the National Non-profit Institutes (East China Sea Fisheries Research Institutes) (No. 2008M13)
文摘Spatial distributions and seasonal variations of picoplankton (i.e. Synechococcus spp., Prochlorococcus spp., picoeukaryotes and heterotrophic bacteria) and viruses in the Changjiang estuary have been reported in the past. However, short-term variations (e.g. at a tidal timescale) of these organisms and their regulating factors remain unclear. We determined the time-series of fluctuations of picoplankton and viruses with tide simultaneously in flow cytometry in the Changjiang estuary during a cruise in June 2006, in which a tidal model based rectangle equation was applied. The results indicate that high cell abundances of picoplankton and viruses occurred during flood tide and low cell abundances during ebb tide. The period of the surface cell abundance variations was about 13 h, suggesting the surface cell abundances in the Changjiang estuary were largely regulated by tide. However, cell abundances in middle and bottom waters varied in different periods due to influences of tidal induced physical forces such as resuspension and stratification. Therefore, tidal action is an important factor for the diel variations of picoplankton and viruses in the Changjiang estuary.
基金This work was supported by the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction(grant No.GASI-GEOGE-05-02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.91955204,42074047 and 92058210)+1 种基金the second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(grant No.2019QZKK2704)Opening Fund of Geomathematics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(grant No.scsxdz2020yb03).
文摘To investigate the tidal effects on intra-continental earthquake initiation in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,we selected over 1,500 focal mechanism solutions of inland earthquakes(epicenter locates at least 100 km to the coastlines)from Global Centroid Moment Tensor(GCMT)project and analyzed the values of tidal normal and shear stress as well as tidal Coulomb failure stress.For Coulomb failure stress calculation,we used Coulomb 3.40 software.We find that:(1)p-values of tidal stress change suggests a high tidal correlation of earthquake imitations with tidal normal stress change;(2)when tidal normal stress reached the local maximum values of compression and when tidal shear stress were closed to the positive peaks,earthquakes generated more frequently;(3)particular seismogenic environments such as strong continental plate interactions and the existence of fluids or rheologic substance possibly raise the tidal correlations and(4)higher sensitivity of earthquake initiation to earth tide presents along with higher seismicity,suggesting the rate of rain energy accumulation somehow has a dominating effect on the tidal correlation of earthquake initiation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1706215, 41506012, 41430963 and 41606005)
文摘Three seabed-mounted TD/CTD chains and two upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) in the southwest of Zhangzi Island are used and a simultaneous cruise observation in the northern North Yellow Sea (NYS) is conducted to study temperature variation in the bottom thermal front zone of the NYS Cold Water Mass (NYSCWM) during the summer of 2009. In the flood-ebb tidal cycles, the bottom temperature decreases (increases) during flood (ebb) tides, which are dominated by the tidal-current induced horizontal advection. The ebb tide-induced temperature increase is larger than the flood tide-induced tempera- ture decrease due to seasonal warming. In the spring-neap tidal cycles, the temperature and the vertical temperature structure show notable fortnightly variation from 16 July to 25 August. The bottom temperature increases from neap to spring tides and decreases from spring to neap. The Richardson number demonstrates strengthened vertical mixing during spring tides but enhanced stratifica- tion during neap tides. The spring-neap variation in vertical shear caused by tidal current is the dominant factor that induces the fort- nightly variation in vertical mixing and thus bottom temperature.
基金The research work was supported by State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment(SKLSDE-2021ZX-19,SKLSDE-2020ZX-02)。
文摘Business districts are urban areas that have various functions for gathering people,such as work,consumption,leisure and entertainment.Due to the dynamic nature of business activities,there exists significant tidal effect on the boundary and functionality of business districts.Indeed,effectively analyzing the tidal patterns of business districts can benefit the economic and social development of a city.However,with the implicit and complex nature of business district evolution,it is non-trivial for existing works to support the fine-grained and timely analysis on the tidal effect of business districts.To this end,we propose a data-driven and multi-dimensional framework for dynamic business district analysis.Specifically,we use the large-scale human trajectory data in urban areas to dynamically detect and forecast the boundary changes of business districts in different time periods.Then,we detect and forecast the functional changes in business districts.Experimental results on real-world trajectory data clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework on detecting and predicting the boundary and functionality change of business districts.Moreover,the analysis on practical business districts shows that our method can discover meaningful patterns and provide interesting insights into the dynamics of business districts.For example,the major functions of business districts will significantly change in different time periods in a day and the rate and magnitude of boundaries varies with the functional distribution of business districts.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities(Grant No.07-0814)
文摘The tide induced groundwater fluctuation and the seawater intrusion have important effects on hydrogeology and ecology of coastal aquifers.Among previous studies,there were few quantitative evaluations of the joint effects of the beach slope and the tide fluctuation on the groundwater dynamics.In this article,a numerical model is built by using the software FEFLOW with consideration of seawater intrusion,tide effects,density dependent flow and beach sloping effects.The simulation results are validated by laboratory experimental data in literature.More numerical scenarios are designed in a practical scale with different beach slopes.Results show that the groundwater fluctuation decays exponentially with the distance to the beach,i.e.,,and our simulation further shows that the beach slope influence can be expressed in the form of a logarithm function.While for the same location,the amplitude increases logarithmically with the beach angle in the form,where and are related with the horizontal distance（）in the form of a logarithm function.The beach slope has no influence on the phase lag,although the latter increases regularly with the distance from the sea.The beach slope effect on the seawater intrusion is investigated through the quantitative relationship among the relative intrusion length（）,the relative enhancement of the tide induced seawater intrusion（）and the beach angle（）.It is shown that the tide effects on a milder beach is much greater than on a vertical one,and both λ and κ can be expressed in logarithm functions of.The tidal effect on the flow field in the transition zone for a particular mild beach is also studied,with results showing that the tide induced fluctuation of is similar to the groundwater table fluctuation while shows a distinct variation along both directions.
基金The Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract No.201305031
文摘In this study, we construct one 2-dimensional tidal simulation, using an unstructured Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model （FVCOM）. In the 2-D model, we simulated the tidal turbines through adding additional bottom drag in the element where the tidal turbines reside. The additional bottom drag was calculated from the relationship of the bottom friction dissipation and the rated rotor efficiency of the tidal energy turbine. This study analyzed the effect of the tidal energy turbine to the hydrodynamic environment, and calculated the amount of the extractable tidal energy resource at the Guishan Hangmen Channel, considering the rotor wake effect.
基金The project supported by National Natural science Foundation of China
文摘The tidal current is generally predominant in China's offshore areas. The vertical structure of the observedtidal current is quite complicated with the presence of seasonal thermocline. The observed tidal current may be divided into two parts, an averaged barotropic tide current and a variation tide current. A method for studying the vertical structure of tidal current is developed from the constitution and distribution of energy, and the vertical structure of the observed tide current in the North Huanghai Sea is studied on the basis of the method. The result shows that the reason why the energy of the tidal current is concentrated on the neighbourhood of the thermocline mainly lies in the internal tides i under certain conditions, the fact that the direction of the internal tide current above the thermocline is opposite to the one below the thermocline will be able to cause the rotary directions of the observed tidal current above and below the thermocline to be in opposite. The interaction between the averaged barotropic and the variation tide current plays an important role in forming the vertical structure of the tidal current, and it is mainly the interaction that results in the inho-mogeneous distribution of the tide current energy in the entire water column ; the ratio between the total energies of the internal tide current above the thermocline and the variation tide current in the entire water column is greater than the ratio between the total energies of that below the thermocline and the variation's. In a strong internal tide area such as the neighbourhood of Station L4, at diurnal tide frequency, the above-mentioned corresponding ratios are about 38. 82% and 29. 88%, respectively, and the energy of the internal tide current is about 68. 70%of the energy of the variation tide current; at semidiurnal tide frequency, the above-mentioned corresponding ratios are about 26. 61 % and 19. 73% , respectively, and the total internal tide current energy is about 46. 36% of the total variation tide current energy.
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China for the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period (Grant No. 2008BAB29B08-02)the Program for the Ministry of Education and State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs of China (Grant No. B08408)
文摘Flow in tidal rivers periodically propagates upstream or downstream under tidal influence. Hydrodynamic models based on the Saint-Venant equations （the SVN model） are extensively used to model tidal rivers. A force-corrected term expressed as the combination of flow velocity and the change rate of the tidal fevel was developed to represent tidal effects in the SVN model. A momentum equation incorporating with the corrected term was derived based on Newton＇s second law. By combing the modified momentum equation with the continuity equation, an improved SVN model for tidal rivers （the ISVN model） was constructed. The simulation of a tidal reach of the Qiantang River shows that the ISVN model performs better than the SVN model. It indicates that the corrected force derived for tidal effects is reasonable; the ISVN model provides an appropriate enhancement of the SVN model for flow simulation of tidal rivers.
文摘Since end of the 90s of the last century the seismological station Moxa was extended and developed into the modern Geodynamic Observatory. It comprises also the new installation of borehole-tilt meters in front of the observatory building and laser-strain meters in the gallery. The question arises how non-tidal signals are displayed in the measured time series. The investigation of such signals which can be caused naturally or man-made, can result in different sensitivities for the various tilt- and strainmeter systems, e.g. regarding barometric pressure impacts and hydrological induced pore pressure effects.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant no.2010CB428704)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grand nos.4127608341430963)
文摘The Wenzhou Shoal Reclamation Project is the core part of Wenzhou Peninsula Engineering which is a big comprehensive development project to expand the city space. The dynamics of the surrounding area was proved to suffer little effect in response to the Lingni north dyke since it was built approximately along the current direction. Therefore, this paper focuses firstly on the tidal characteristics in the Wenzhou and Yueqing bays with the Lingni north dyke being built and then on the changes resulting from the implementation of the on-going Wenzhou Shoal Reclamation Project(WSRP) which will reclaim land from the whole Wenzhou Shoal. To simulate the tidal dynamics, a high-resolution coastal ocean model with unstructured triangular grids was set up for the Wenzhou and Yueqing Bays. The model resolved the complicated tidal dynamics with the simulated tidal elevation and current in good agreement with observations. In the study area, M2 is the predominant tidal component, which means the tide is semidiurnal. The new reclamation project hardly affects the Yueqing Bay and the open ocean, but there are concentrated effects on the mouth of the southern branch of the Oujiang River and the southwest of Wenzhou Shoal. This study provides an indicative reference to the local government and helps to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of the project.
文摘In recent years,tidal flat development project in coastal cities in China continuously advancing practice proved that tidal flat development project is the coastal cities of effective measures to resolve the land factors of economic development limitation,but at the same time the impact of the environment and the using of tidal flat development become the focus of attention.Analysis the coastal shoreline development and economic utilization,social benefits and the impact on the ecological environment combined with Qingdao joy of coastal project is under construction and proposed management measures to provide a theoretical basis for the tidal flat development and management has a very important significance.
