A lumped parameter-rigid elastic coupled dynamic model of two-stage planetary gears for a hybrid car is established through the inter-stage coupled method,in which the supports of the ring gear of planet set Ⅱ are re...A lumped parameter-rigid elastic coupled dynamic model of two-stage planetary gears for a hybrid car is established through the inter-stage coupled method,in which the supports of the ring gear of planet set Ⅱ are represented as an elastic foundation with radial and tangential uniform distributed stiffness,and the ring gear of planet set Ⅱ is modeled as an elastic continuum body. The natural frequencies based on the eigenvalue problem of dynamic model of planetary transmission are solved and the associated vibration modes are discussed. The rules are revealed which are the influences of the ring gear elastic supports stiffness and rim thickness on natural frequencies of planetary transmission. The theoretical analysis indicates that the vibration modes of planetary transmission with thin-walled ring gear on elastic supports are classified into seven types: Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage coupled rotational mode,Ⅰ stage translational mode,Ⅰ stage planet mode,Ⅱ stage translational mode,Ⅱ stage degenerate planet mode,Ⅱ stage distinct planet mode and purely ring gear mode. For each vibration mode, its properties are summarized. The numerical solutions show that the elastic supports stiffness and rim thickness of the ring gear of planet set Ⅱ have different influences on natural frequencies.展开更多
This paper is concerned with the nonlinear buckling behavior of pre-stressed ring-stiffened thin circular cylindrical shells under external pressure.According to the geometrical nonlinearity,governing equations are de...This paper is concerned with the nonlinear buckling behavior of pre-stressed ring-stiffened thin circular cylindrical shells under external pressure.According to the geometrical nonlinearity,governing equations are derived by incorporating initial stresses based on Donnell-type shell theory.The "smeared stiffeners" approach is used for ring stiffeners.The numerical analyses are conducted by Gelerkin's method to obtain critical buckling loads of shells.This study shows effects of initial stresses on stability of shells.Moreover,effects of initial stresses on buckling modes of shells are discussed.展开更多
We have investigated the influence of the adsorption process on the dewetting behavior of the linear polystyrene film （LPS）, the 3-arm star polystyrene film （3SPS） and the ring polystyrene film （RPS） on the sila...We have investigated the influence of the adsorption process on the dewetting behavior of the linear polystyrene film （LPS）, the 3-arm star polystyrene film （3SPS） and the ring polystyrene film （RPS） on the silanized Si substrate. Results show that the adsorption process greatly influences the dewetting behavior of the thin polymer films. On the silanized Si substrate, the 3SPS chains exhibit stronger adsorption compared with the LPS chains and RPS chains; as a result, the wetting layer forms more easily. For LPS films, with the decrease of annealing temperature, the kinetics of polymer film changes from exponential behavior to slip dewetting. As a comparison, the stability of 3SPS and RPS films switches from slip dewetting to unusual dewetting kinetic behavior. The adsorbed nanodroplets on the solid substrate play an important role in the dewetting kinetics by reducing the driving force of dewetting and increase the resistant force of dewetting. Additionally, Brownian dynamics （BD） simulation shows that the absolute values of adsorption energy （ε） gradually increase from linear polymer （-0.3896） to ring polymer （-0.4033） and to star polymer （-0.4264）, which is consistent with the results of our adsorption experiments.展开更多
AIMTo examine the occurrence of commonly known clinical signs of keratoconus (KC), i.e. Fleischer ring, prominent corneal nerves and thinning, among unaffected family members of KC patients and healthy control individ...AIMTo examine the occurrence of commonly known clinical signs of keratoconus (KC), i.e. Fleischer ring, prominent corneal nerves and thinning, among unaffected family members of KC patients and healthy control individuals.METHODSData of both eyes of 117 relatives of KC patients having no manifest disease based on videokeratography indices (KC relatives), and 142 controls were used for Pearson correlation and t-test statistics. Correlation of Fleischer ring, prominent corneal nerves and central pachymetry data were tested with each other and with videokeratography indices (KSI, KISA, 3 and 6 mm Fourier asymmetry, and I-S).RESULTSA moderate correlation was found between Fleischer ring and all examined topographical indices. Most important correlation was present with 6 mm Fourier asymmetry, and corneal pachymetry (r=0.272, P<0.001; r=-0.234, P=0.027, respectively). Similar correlations were found with prominent corneal nerves (r=0.234, P<0.001 for 6 mm Fourier asymmetry and r=-0.235, P=0.0265 for pachymetry). KC family members who exhibited Fleischer ring or prominent nerves had thinner and more asymmetric corneas than those without Fleischer ring or prominent corneal nerves (P<0.05 for pachymetry and topographic indices with t-test and Mann-Whitney rank sum test). Though rarely, Fleischer ring and prominent corneal nerves occurred among normal controls, indicating the existence of forme fruste cases in the normal population. Control subjects, who had corneal Fleischer ring or prominent nerves had corneas more similar to KC than other controls (t-test: increased KSI and KISA, P=0.048 and 0.012, respectively).CONCLUSIONIn KC family members and healthy individuals, Fleischer ring and prominent corneal nerves are associated with features of KC and may suggest a possibility of forme fruste KC. Searching for the possible presence of Fleischer ring or prominent nerves on the cornea may help in the decision whether or not to diagnose subclinical KC in a borderline case.展开更多
基金Innovation Funded Project of Fujian Province,China(No.2015C0030)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.S2013020013855)
文摘A lumped parameter-rigid elastic coupled dynamic model of two-stage planetary gears for a hybrid car is established through the inter-stage coupled method,in which the supports of the ring gear of planet set Ⅱ are represented as an elastic foundation with radial and tangential uniform distributed stiffness,and the ring gear of planet set Ⅱ is modeled as an elastic continuum body. The natural frequencies based on the eigenvalue problem of dynamic model of planetary transmission are solved and the associated vibration modes are discussed. The rules are revealed which are the influences of the ring gear elastic supports stiffness and rim thickness on natural frequencies of planetary transmission. The theoretical analysis indicates that the vibration modes of planetary transmission with thin-walled ring gear on elastic supports are classified into seven types: Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage coupled rotational mode,Ⅰ stage translational mode,Ⅰ stage planet mode,Ⅱ stage translational mode,Ⅱ stage degenerate planet mode,Ⅱ stage distinct planet mode and purely ring gear mode. For each vibration mode, its properties are summarized. The numerical solutions show that the elastic supports stiffness and rim thickness of the ring gear of planet set Ⅱ have different influences on natural frequencies.
基金the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2009CB724302)
文摘This paper is concerned with the nonlinear buckling behavior of pre-stressed ring-stiffened thin circular cylindrical shells under external pressure.According to the geometrical nonlinearity,governing equations are derived by incorporating initial stresses based on Donnell-type shell theory.The "smeared stiffeners" approach is used for ring stiffeners.The numerical analyses are conducted by Gelerkin's method to obtain critical buckling loads of shells.This study shows effects of initial stresses on stability of shells.Moreover,effects of initial stresses on buckling modes of shells are discussed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51473168,21234007,21674114,51503048,51573131 and 21374077)the grant of Guizhou Education University (No.107003001455)the Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province (No.QKHJC[2017]1137)
文摘We have investigated the influence of the adsorption process on the dewetting behavior of the linear polystyrene film （LPS）, the 3-arm star polystyrene film （3SPS） and the ring polystyrene film （RPS） on the silanized Si substrate. Results show that the adsorption process greatly influences the dewetting behavior of the thin polymer films. On the silanized Si substrate, the 3SPS chains exhibit stronger adsorption compared with the LPS chains and RPS chains; as a result, the wetting layer forms more easily. For LPS films, with the decrease of annealing temperature, the kinetics of polymer film changes from exponential behavior to slip dewetting. As a comparison, the stability of 3SPS and RPS films switches from slip dewetting to unusual dewetting kinetic behavior. The adsorbed nanodroplets on the solid substrate play an important role in the dewetting kinetics by reducing the driving force of dewetting and increase the resistant force of dewetting. Additionally, Brownian dynamics （BD） simulation shows that the absolute values of adsorption energy （ε） gradually increase from linear polymer （-0.3896） to ring polymer （-0.4033） and to star polymer （-0.4264）, which is consistent with the results of our adsorption experiments.
基金Supported by Hungarian National Research Fund Grants OTKA F046321 and TAMOP-4.2.1/B-09/1/KONV-2010-0007
文摘AIMTo examine the occurrence of commonly known clinical signs of keratoconus (KC), i.e. Fleischer ring, prominent corneal nerves and thinning, among unaffected family members of KC patients and healthy control individuals.METHODSData of both eyes of 117 relatives of KC patients having no manifest disease based on videokeratography indices (KC relatives), and 142 controls were used for Pearson correlation and t-test statistics. Correlation of Fleischer ring, prominent corneal nerves and central pachymetry data were tested with each other and with videokeratography indices (KSI, KISA, 3 and 6 mm Fourier asymmetry, and I-S).RESULTSA moderate correlation was found between Fleischer ring and all examined topographical indices. Most important correlation was present with 6 mm Fourier asymmetry, and corneal pachymetry (r=0.272, P<0.001; r=-0.234, P=0.027, respectively). Similar correlations were found with prominent corneal nerves (r=0.234, P<0.001 for 6 mm Fourier asymmetry and r=-0.235, P=0.0265 for pachymetry). KC family members who exhibited Fleischer ring or prominent nerves had thinner and more asymmetric corneas than those without Fleischer ring or prominent corneal nerves (P<0.05 for pachymetry and topographic indices with t-test and Mann-Whitney rank sum test). Though rarely, Fleischer ring and prominent corneal nerves occurred among normal controls, indicating the existence of forme fruste cases in the normal population. Control subjects, who had corneal Fleischer ring or prominent nerves had corneas more similar to KC than other controls (t-test: increased KSI and KISA, P=0.048 and 0.012, respectively).CONCLUSIONIn KC family members and healthy individuals, Fleischer ring and prominent corneal nerves are associated with features of KC and may suggest a possibility of forme fruste KC. Searching for the possible presence of Fleischer ring or prominent nerves on the cornea may help in the decision whether or not to diagnose subclinical KC in a borderline case.
