The breakthrough in super hybrid rice yield has significantly contributed to China’s and global food security.However,the inherent conflict between high productivity and environmentally sustainable agriculture poses ...The breakthrough in super hybrid rice yield has significantly contributed to China’s and global food security.However,the inherent conflict between high productivity and environmentally sustainable agriculture poses substantial challenges.Issues such as water scarcity,energy crises,escalating greenhouse gas emissions,and diminishing farm profitability threaten longterm agricultural sustainability.In response,we applied a holistic food–carbon–nitrogen–water–energy–profit (FCNWEP)nexus framework to comprehensively assess the sustainability of distinct crop management strategies across three subsites in Central China.Field experiments were conducted in Hubei and Hunan provinces from 2017 to 2021 using a widely adopted elite super hybrid rice cultivar (Y-liangyou 900).Four crop management treatments were implemented:a control(CK,0 kg N ha^(-1)),conventional crop management (CCM,210–250 kg N ha^(-1),7:3 basal:mid-tiller fertilizer ratio),and two integrated crop management (ICM) treatments (ICM1,180–210 kg N ha^(-1),5:2:3 basal:mid-tiller:panicle initiation fertilizer ratio;ICM2,240–270 kg N ha^(-1),5:2:2:1 basal:mid-tiller:panicle initiation:flowering fertilizer ratio).Variables assessed included grain yield,carbon footprint,nitrogen footprint,water footprint,energy footprint,nitrogen use efficiency,and economic benefits.Our results showed significant yield variations,with ICM2 consistently outperforming CCM and ICM1across all three sites.In Jingzhou,Suizhou,and Changsha,ICM2’s grain yield was 30.2,24.7,and 13.3%higher than CCM,respectively.Net profits under ICM2 exceeded those of CCM and ICM1 by 31.8 and 115.2%in Jingzhou,32.2 and 109.9%in Suizhou,and 15.4 and 34.0%in Changsha,respectively.Integrated crop management,particularly ICM2,demonstrated improved nitrogen and energy use efficiency,leading to reduced carbon,nitrogen,water,and energy footprints.Overall,composite sustainability scores derived from the FCNWEP framework indicated that both ICM2 and ICM1 exhibited higher sustainability levels compared to CCM.This study provides valuable insights into practical management methodologies and offers recommendations for enhancing agricultural sustainability.展开更多
NVIDIA Jetson作为先进的嵌入式系统,各行各业的开发人员可以使用它们来构建创新型AI产品。2024年12月,NVIDIA发布了Jetson系列新品—Jetson Orin Nano Super Developer Kit,做为Jetson Nano的升级款,模组售价仅仅249美元,NVIDIA以更加...NVIDIA Jetson作为先进的嵌入式系统,各行各业的开发人员可以使用它们来构建创新型AI产品。2024年12月,NVIDIA发布了Jetson系列新品—Jetson Orin Nano Super Developer Kit,做为Jetson Nano的升级款,模组售价仅仅249美元,NVIDIA以更加亲民的价格,赋予更多领域充足的算力支持。展开更多
近年来,深度强化学习在复杂决策和控制任务中得到了广泛应用,并在游戏AI领域展现了卓越性能。基于双重深度Q网络的方法,提出一种通过智能体与Super Mario Bros环境的持续交互、逐步学习并优化游戏策略。首先,利用gym-super-mario-bros...近年来,深度强化学习在复杂决策和控制任务中得到了广泛应用,并在游戏AI领域展现了卓越性能。基于双重深度Q网络的方法,提出一种通过智能体与Super Mario Bros环境的持续交互、逐步学习并优化游戏策略。首先,利用gym-super-mario-bros框架构建训练环境,并通过帧跳、灰度转换和图像缩放等技术提升训练效率。其次,智能体采用DDQN架构结合卷积神经网络进行特征提取,并通过经验回放和目标网络减少Q值波动。最后,通过衰减的epsilon-greedy策略平衡探索与利用。实验结果表明,该方法能有效提升智能体表现。展开更多
In today's era of continuous advancement in materials science,the properties of materials are constantly being enhanced,and their application fields are also expanding continuously.SAF(Super Absorbent Fiber),one s...In today's era of continuous advancement in materials science,the properties of materials are constantly being enhanced,and their application fields are also expanding continuously.SAF(Super Absorbent Fiber),one such material,stands out.Compared to traditional SAP(Super Absorbent Polymer),SAF boasts a unique fibrous form and exceptional performance,presenting broad application prospects.展开更多
Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fracture and can be characterised by both mass loss and microstructure deterioration of the bone.The modern way of osteoporosis assessment is through the measurement of bone miner...Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fracture and can be characterised by both mass loss and microstructure deterioration of the bone.The modern way of osteoporosis assessment is through the measurement of bone mineral density,which is not able to unveil the pathological condition from the mesoscale aspect.To obtain mesoscale information from computed tomography(CT),the super-resolution(SR)approach for volumetric imaging data is required.A deep learning model AESR3D is proposed to recover high-resolution(HR)Micro-CT from low-resolution Micro-CT and implement an unsupervised segmentation for better trabecular observation and measurement.A new regularisation overcomplete autoencoder framework for the SR task is proposed and theoretically analysed.The best performance is achieved on structural similarity measure of trabecular CT SR task compared with the state-of-the-art models in both natural and medical image SR tasks.The HR and SR images show a high correlation(r=0.996,intraclass correlation coefficients=0.917)on trabecular bone morphological indicators.The results also prove the effectiveness of our regularisation framework when training a large capacity model.展开更多
Savannah,Ga.,June 16,2025-Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.today announced the 300th customer delivery for the Gulfstream G280 fleet.The milestone delivery was completed at Gulfstream’s Dallas-Fort Worth area facility in Te...Savannah,Ga.,June 16,2025-Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.today announced the 300th customer delivery for the Gulfstream G280 fleet.The milestone delivery was completed at Gulfstream’s Dallas-Fort Worth area facility in Texas where the aircraft was outfitted.展开更多
The extraordinary Super Typhoon(STY)Muifa(2022)made landfall four times and had a significant impact on the coastal regions from south to north of China.Although previous studies have demonstrated the‘pumping effect&...The extraordinary Super Typhoon(STY)Muifa(2022)made landfall four times and had a significant impact on the coastal regions from south to north of China.Although previous studies have demonstrated the‘pumping effect'of typhoons on the enhancement of reactive nitrogen(Nr)wet deposition over the ocean,it is uncertain how Nr deposition is influenced by typhoons thatmake prolonged mechanism due tomultiple landfalls.In this study,theNr wet deposition induced by STYMuifawas investigated fromthe perspective of in-and below-cloud processes based on the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System with an online tracer-tagging module.High volume of Nr wet deposition caused by Muifa migrated from south to north,passing over half of China's coastal cities.Compared to the typhoon generated vicinity,both mean values of the oxidized and reduced nitrogen wet deposition over the Typhoon affected regions were increased about 20.4 and 66.1 times after landfall even with the similar rainfall.Emissions from the four landfall areas of China contributed to the majority of Nr wet deposition with significantly enhanced proportion of in-cloud deposition.The strong pumping effect of typhoon to the Nr deposition along the coastal areas and the risk of ecosystem effects requires further researches and higher demands on the control of nitrogen emissions of National Industrial Park,which usually located in China's coastal cities.展开更多
We proposed a new technique route of directional solidification for the manufacture of super slab.A 7-t laboratory-scale thick slab was casted and characterised for trial.To further understand the process,the evolutio...We proposed a new technique route of directional solidification for the manufacture of super slab.A 7-t laboratory-scale thick slab was casted and characterised for trial.To further understand the process,the evolution of the multiple physical fields during the directional solidification was simulated and verified.Similar to the convectional ingot casting,a negative segregated cone of equiaxed grains was formed at the bottom,and a seriously positive segregated region was formed beneath the top surface of the slab.Specific measures on the lateral walls,base plate,and free surface were strongly recommended to ensure that the slab is relatively directionally casted.A water-cooling copper base plate accelerates the solidification rate and the columnar growth along the vertical direction.It inhibits the sedimentation of equiaxed grains and enlarges the columnar zone.Based on the simulation analysis,it can be concluded that the directional solidification technique route is promising to manufacture super slab with lower segregation level,and less porosities and inclusions.展开更多
The role of cerium(Ce)in enhancing the hot ductility of super austenitic stainless steel S32654 at 850–1250℃was systematically unveiled through theoretical calculations and microstructure characterization.The result...The role of cerium(Ce)in enhancing the hot ductility of super austenitic stainless steel S32654 at 850–1250℃was systematically unveiled through theoretical calculations and microstructure characterization.The results indicated that Ce microalloying improved the hot ductility of S32654 throughout the entire deformation temperature range.Specifically,the addition of Ce greatly enhanced the hot ductility in the low(850–900℃)and high(1100–1250℃)temperature ranges,but only slightly increased that in the medium temperature range(900–1100℃).At 850–900℃,Ce addition not only reduced the sulfur(S)content and suppressed the S segregation at the grain boundary,but also promoted the formation of slip bands and deformation twins,apparently improving the hot ductility.At 900–1100℃,Ce addition promoted the nucleation of intergranularσphases and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grains,which have adverse and beneficial effects on the hot ductility,respectively.As the temperature increased,the precipitation tendency presented a first increasing and then decreasing trend around 1000℃,while the DRX gradually increased.Accordingly,the improvement degree of Ce on the hot ductility first weakened and then enhanced.At 1100–1250℃,Ce significantly promoted the DRX to form more fine and uniform deformation structure,thereby remarkably increasing the cracking resistance and then the hot ductility.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172108 and 32301940)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by the China Association for Science and Technology (2023QNRC001)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M710489)the Chinese Scholarship Council (202310930003)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2301004)。
文摘The breakthrough in super hybrid rice yield has significantly contributed to China’s and global food security.However,the inherent conflict between high productivity and environmentally sustainable agriculture poses substantial challenges.Issues such as water scarcity,energy crises,escalating greenhouse gas emissions,and diminishing farm profitability threaten longterm agricultural sustainability.In response,we applied a holistic food–carbon–nitrogen–water–energy–profit (FCNWEP)nexus framework to comprehensively assess the sustainability of distinct crop management strategies across three subsites in Central China.Field experiments were conducted in Hubei and Hunan provinces from 2017 to 2021 using a widely adopted elite super hybrid rice cultivar (Y-liangyou 900).Four crop management treatments were implemented:a control(CK,0 kg N ha^(-1)),conventional crop management (CCM,210–250 kg N ha^(-1),7:3 basal:mid-tiller fertilizer ratio),and two integrated crop management (ICM) treatments (ICM1,180–210 kg N ha^(-1),5:2:3 basal:mid-tiller:panicle initiation fertilizer ratio;ICM2,240–270 kg N ha^(-1),5:2:2:1 basal:mid-tiller:panicle initiation:flowering fertilizer ratio).Variables assessed included grain yield,carbon footprint,nitrogen footprint,water footprint,energy footprint,nitrogen use efficiency,and economic benefits.Our results showed significant yield variations,with ICM2 consistently outperforming CCM and ICM1across all three sites.In Jingzhou,Suizhou,and Changsha,ICM2’s grain yield was 30.2,24.7,and 13.3%higher than CCM,respectively.Net profits under ICM2 exceeded those of CCM and ICM1 by 31.8 and 115.2%in Jingzhou,32.2 and 109.9%in Suizhou,and 15.4 and 34.0%in Changsha,respectively.Integrated crop management,particularly ICM2,demonstrated improved nitrogen and energy use efficiency,leading to reduced carbon,nitrogen,water,and energy footprints.Overall,composite sustainability scores derived from the FCNWEP framework indicated that both ICM2 and ICM1 exhibited higher sustainability levels compared to CCM.This study provides valuable insights into practical management methodologies and offers recommendations for enhancing agricultural sustainability.
文摘NVIDIA Jetson作为先进的嵌入式系统,各行各业的开发人员可以使用它们来构建创新型AI产品。2024年12月,NVIDIA发布了Jetson系列新品—Jetson Orin Nano Super Developer Kit,做为Jetson Nano的升级款,模组售价仅仅249美元,NVIDIA以更加亲民的价格,赋予更多领域充足的算力支持。
文摘近年来,深度强化学习在复杂决策和控制任务中得到了广泛应用,并在游戏AI领域展现了卓越性能。基于双重深度Q网络的方法,提出一种通过智能体与Super Mario Bros环境的持续交互、逐步学习并优化游戏策略。首先,利用gym-super-mario-bros框架构建训练环境,并通过帧跳、灰度转换和图像缩放等技术提升训练效率。其次,智能体采用DDQN架构结合卷积神经网络进行特征提取,并通过经验回放和目标网络减少Q值波动。最后,通过衰减的epsilon-greedy策略平衡探索与利用。实验结果表明,该方法能有效提升智能体表现。
文摘In today's era of continuous advancement in materials science,the properties of materials are constantly being enhanced,and their application fields are also expanding continuously.SAF(Super Absorbent Fiber),one such material,stands out.Compared to traditional SAP(Super Absorbent Polymer),SAF boasts a unique fibrous form and exceptional performance,presenting broad application prospects.
基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian original Innovation Joint Foundation,Grant/Award Number:L192016Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U21A20489+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:62003330Shenzhen Fundamental Research Funds,Grant/Award Numbers:JCYJ20220818101608019,JCYJ20190807170407391,JCYJ20180507182415428Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2019A1515011699Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology。
文摘Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fracture and can be characterised by both mass loss and microstructure deterioration of the bone.The modern way of osteoporosis assessment is through the measurement of bone mineral density,which is not able to unveil the pathological condition from the mesoscale aspect.To obtain mesoscale information from computed tomography(CT),the super-resolution(SR)approach for volumetric imaging data is required.A deep learning model AESR3D is proposed to recover high-resolution(HR)Micro-CT from low-resolution Micro-CT and implement an unsupervised segmentation for better trabecular observation and measurement.A new regularisation overcomplete autoencoder framework for the SR task is proposed and theoretically analysed.The best performance is achieved on structural similarity measure of trabecular CT SR task compared with the state-of-the-art models in both natural and medical image SR tasks.The HR and SR images show a high correlation(r=0.996,intraclass correlation coefficients=0.917)on trabecular bone morphological indicators.The results also prove the effectiveness of our regularisation framework when training a large capacity model.
文摘Savannah,Ga.,June 16,2025-Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.today announced the 300th customer delivery for the Gulfstream G280 fleet.The milestone delivery was completed at Gulfstream’s Dallas-Fort Worth area facility in Texas where the aircraft was outfitted.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42122049 and 42377104)the Basic Strengthening Research Program(No.2021-JCJQ-JJ-1058)+1 种基金the Strategy Priority Research Programof Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0760403)the National Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure project"Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility"(EarthLab)the Innovation Foundation of CPML/CMA(No.2024CPML-C027).
文摘The extraordinary Super Typhoon(STY)Muifa(2022)made landfall four times and had a significant impact on the coastal regions from south to north of China.Although previous studies have demonstrated the‘pumping effect'of typhoons on the enhancement of reactive nitrogen(Nr)wet deposition over the ocean,it is uncertain how Nr deposition is influenced by typhoons thatmake prolonged mechanism due tomultiple landfalls.In this study,theNr wet deposition induced by STYMuifawas investigated fromthe perspective of in-and below-cloud processes based on the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System with an online tracer-tagging module.High volume of Nr wet deposition caused by Muifa migrated from south to north,passing over half of China's coastal cities.Compared to the typhoon generated vicinity,both mean values of the oxidized and reduced nitrogen wet deposition over the Typhoon affected regions were increased about 20.4 and 66.1 times after landfall even with the similar rainfall.Emissions from the four landfall areas of China contributed to the majority of Nr wet deposition with significantly enhanced proportion of in-cloud deposition.The strong pumping effect of typhoon to the Nr deposition along the coastal areas and the risk of ecosystem effects requires further researches and higher demands on the control of nitrogen emissions of National Industrial Park,which usually located in China's coastal cities.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074182)Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23A20612).
文摘We proposed a new technique route of directional solidification for the manufacture of super slab.A 7-t laboratory-scale thick slab was casted and characterised for trial.To further understand the process,the evolution of the multiple physical fields during the directional solidification was simulated and verified.Similar to the convectional ingot casting,a negative segregated cone of equiaxed grains was formed at the bottom,and a seriously positive segregated region was formed beneath the top surface of the slab.Specific measures on the lateral walls,base plate,and free surface were strongly recommended to ensure that the slab is relatively directionally casted.A water-cooling copper base plate accelerates the solidification rate and the columnar growth along the vertical direction.It inhibits the sedimentation of equiaxed grains and enlarges the columnar zone.Based on the simulation analysis,it can be concluded that the directional solidification technique route is promising to manufacture super slab with lower segregation level,and less porosities and inclusions.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.52325406,52374334,and U1860204)Joint Program of Science and Technology Plans in Liaoning Province(grant nos.2023JH2/101700244 and 2023JH2/101800045)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.N2430002)Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(grant no.B21001).
文摘The role of cerium(Ce)in enhancing the hot ductility of super austenitic stainless steel S32654 at 850–1250℃was systematically unveiled through theoretical calculations and microstructure characterization.The results indicated that Ce microalloying improved the hot ductility of S32654 throughout the entire deformation temperature range.Specifically,the addition of Ce greatly enhanced the hot ductility in the low(850–900℃)and high(1100–1250℃)temperature ranges,but only slightly increased that in the medium temperature range(900–1100℃).At 850–900℃,Ce addition not only reduced the sulfur(S)content and suppressed the S segregation at the grain boundary,but also promoted the formation of slip bands and deformation twins,apparently improving the hot ductility.At 900–1100℃,Ce addition promoted the nucleation of intergranularσphases and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grains,which have adverse and beneficial effects on the hot ductility,respectively.As the temperature increased,the precipitation tendency presented a first increasing and then decreasing trend around 1000℃,while the DRX gradually increased.Accordingly,the improvement degree of Ce on the hot ductility first weakened and then enhanced.At 1100–1250℃,Ce significantly promoted the DRX to form more fine and uniform deformation structure,thereby remarkably increasing the cracking resistance and then the hot ductility.
