The variety "Aifeng" was used as experimental material,and the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield of P. vulgaris under three ways of ridge culture (bedding,high ridge and M ridge) were...The variety "Aifeng" was used as experimental material,and the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield of P. vulgaris under three ways of ridge culture (bedding,high ridge and M ridge) were observed and detected to study the effects of different ridge cultures on the growth and yield. The results showed that the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield under M ridge culture were higher than that of bedding and high ridge.展开更多
The cotton direct seeding after wheat(rape) harvested is under trial and would be the future direction at the Yangtze River Valley region of China.The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of branch and ...The cotton direct seeding after wheat(rape) harvested is under trial and would be the future direction at the Yangtze River Valley region of China.The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of branch and stem architecture on cotton yield and identify the optimal cotton architecture to compensate the yield loss due to the reduction of individual production capacity under high planting density in the direst seeding after wheat harvested cropping system.The characteristics of the stem and branch architecture and the relationships between architecture of the stem and branch with yield formation were studied on eight short season cotton cultivars during 2015 and 2016 cotton growth seasons.Based on the two years results,three cultivars with different architectures of stem and branch were selected to investigate the effect of mepiquat chloride(MC) application on the architecture of the stem and branch,boll retention,and the yield in 2017.Significant differences were observed on plant height,all fruiting nodes to branches ratio(NBR) in the cotton plant,and the curvature of the fruiting branch(CFB) among the studied cultivars.There were three types of stem and fruiting branch structures: Zhong425 with stable and suitable plant height and NBR(about 90 cm and 2.5,respectively),high CFB(more than 10.0),and high boll retention speed and seed cotton yield;Siyang 822 with excessive plant height and NBR,low CFB,and low boll retention speed and seed cotton yield;and other studied cultivars with unstable structure of stem and branch,boll retention speed,and seed cotton yield across years.And MC application could promote the appropriate plant height and NBR and high CFB and thus resulted in high boll retention speed and the yield.The results suggested that the suitable plant height and NBR(about 90 cm and 2.5 respectively),and high CFB(more than 10.0),which was related to both genotype and cultural practice,could promote the higher boll retention speed and seed cotton yield.展开更多
[ Objectives ] The aim was to optimize the configuration of seedling density and line spacing of forage sweet sorghum （ Sorghum blcolor （ L. ） Moench） and explore its high-yield cultivation techniques. [ Methods] ...[ Objectives ] The aim was to optimize the configuration of seedling density and line spacing of forage sweet sorghum （ Sorghum blcolor （ L. ） Moench） and explore its high-yield cultivation techniques. [ Methods] Effects of such two influencing factors as line spacing and seedling density on the leaf-stem ratio, DW/FW ratio and grass yield of forage sweet sorghum were analyzed by using split-plot experiment design experiment method and LSD method of IBM. SPSS. Statis- tics. v22 stati, stics software. [ Results ~ Seedling density and line spacing had no obvious effect on the leaf-stem ratio and DW/FW ratio of forage sweet sorghum but had obvious influences on the grass yield. Moreover, the optimal combination of seedling density and line spacing for high yield of forage sweet sorghum was A2 B4, that is, seedling density was 225 000 plants/hm2, and line spacing was 40 cm. [ Conclusions] The results provided a theoretical basis and technical support for high-yield cultivation techniques of forage sweet sorghum.展开更多
全球气候变暖导致的极端高温天气严重影响水稻生产,幼穗分化期高温影响水稻幼穗发育和颖花育性,进而导致产量下降。本试验在盆栽条件下选取高温抗性品种汕优63(SY63)和高温敏感品种两优培九(LYPJ),在幼穗分化二期设置低穗肥(LN,0.072 g ...全球气候变暖导致的极端高温天气严重影响水稻生产,幼穗分化期高温影响水稻幼穗发育和颖花育性,进而导致产量下降。本试验在盆栽条件下选取高温抗性品种汕优63(SY63)和高温敏感品种两优培九(LYPJ),在幼穗分化二期设置低穗肥(LN,0.072 g N/kg)、高穗肥(HN,0.144 g N/kg)2个不同穗氮肥施用量和连续15 d的白天高温处理(高温处理白天和夜间平均温度为35.6℃/27.5℃,以29.6℃/26.8℃为对照温度)。结果表明,与对照温度相比,LN和HN处理下高温导致LYPJ产量分别下降36.9%和24.8%,颖花育性分别降低22.8%和8.1%,对SY63产量和颖花育性无显著影响,表明增施穗氮肥显著促进了高温下LYPJ产量形成。增施穗氮肥显著提高了花前穗非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量,提高了花后茎鞘NSC向穗的转运量。穗NSC积累量、茎鞘NSC转运量与颖花育性、结实率和产量均呈正相关。因此,高温下增施穗氮肥可能通过促进茎鞘同化物积累与再分配缓解穗分化期高温伤害。展开更多
探究聚-γ-谷氨酸(γ-PGA)对直播稻抗倒伏性、产量和品质的影响,为高产优质的水稻栽培技术提供理论依据和技术参考。于2022和2023年在湖北省武穴市花桥镇开展田间试验,采用双因素裂区设计,以直播方式水直播(W)和旱直播(D)为主区,不施加...探究聚-γ-谷氨酸(γ-PGA)对直播稻抗倒伏性、产量和品质的影响,为高产优质的水稻栽培技术提供理论依据和技术参考。于2022和2023年在湖北省武穴市花桥镇开展田间试验,采用双因素裂区设计,以直播方式水直播(W)和旱直播(D)为主区,不施加γ-PGA发酵液(P0)和施加25 kg hm–2γ-PGA发酵液(P1)为副区,共4个处理,对水稻抗倒伏能力相关指标、产量、稻米品质进行测定。结果表明,施加γ-PGA能分别使水、旱直播下水稻第一基节茎粗增加10.3%~10.6%和7.5%~13.3%,第二基节茎粗增加10.5%~11.8%和8.2%~17.5%,茎秆壁厚增加23.7%~27.9%和12.5%~22.0%,抗折能力提高37.3%~52.7%和50.8%~54.5%,弯曲力矩提高3.8%~7.6%和4.1%~5.9%,折断弯矩提高37.3%~52.7%和50.8%~54.5%,倒伏指数降低21.9%~29.1%和30.2%~32.2%。施加γ-PGA能改变水稻的茎秆强度,提高产量和稻米品质。展开更多
基金Supported by Water-saving and Efficient Model Research of Dry Land Vegetable Planting (2007BAD88B03-3-2)
文摘The variety "Aifeng" was used as experimental material,and the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield of P. vulgaris under three ways of ridge culture (bedding,high ridge and M ridge) were observed and detected to study the effects of different ridge cultures on the growth and yield. The results showed that the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield under M ridge culture were higher than that of bedding and high ridge.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0100400 and 2017YFD0201300)the Engineering Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2016PCTS-1)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671613)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China(PAPD)
文摘The cotton direct seeding after wheat(rape) harvested is under trial and would be the future direction at the Yangtze River Valley region of China.The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of branch and stem architecture on cotton yield and identify the optimal cotton architecture to compensate the yield loss due to the reduction of individual production capacity under high planting density in the direst seeding after wheat harvested cropping system.The characteristics of the stem and branch architecture and the relationships between architecture of the stem and branch with yield formation were studied on eight short season cotton cultivars during 2015 and 2016 cotton growth seasons.Based on the two years results,three cultivars with different architectures of stem and branch were selected to investigate the effect of mepiquat chloride(MC) application on the architecture of the stem and branch,boll retention,and the yield in 2017.Significant differences were observed on plant height,all fruiting nodes to branches ratio(NBR) in the cotton plant,and the curvature of the fruiting branch(CFB) among the studied cultivars.There were three types of stem and fruiting branch structures: Zhong425 with stable and suitable plant height and NBR(about 90 cm and 2.5,respectively),high CFB(more than 10.0),and high boll retention speed and seed cotton yield;Siyang 822 with excessive plant height and NBR,low CFB,and low boll retention speed and seed cotton yield;and other studied cultivars with unstable structure of stem and branch,boll retention speed,and seed cotton yield across years.And MC application could promote the appropriate plant height and NBR and high CFB and thus resulted in high boll retention speed and the yield.The results suggested that the suitable plant height and NBR(about 90 cm and 2.5 respectively),and high CFB(more than 10.0),which was related to both genotype and cultural practice,could promote the higher boll retention speed and seed cotton yield.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(20120304201)
文摘[ Objectives ] The aim was to optimize the configuration of seedling density and line spacing of forage sweet sorghum （ Sorghum blcolor （ L. ） Moench） and explore its high-yield cultivation techniques. [ Methods] Effects of such two influencing factors as line spacing and seedling density on the leaf-stem ratio, DW/FW ratio and grass yield of forage sweet sorghum were analyzed by using split-plot experiment design experiment method and LSD method of IBM. SPSS. Statis- tics. v22 stati, stics software. [ Results ~ Seedling density and line spacing had no obvious effect on the leaf-stem ratio and DW/FW ratio of forage sweet sorghum but had obvious influences on the grass yield. Moreover, the optimal combination of seedling density and line spacing for high yield of forage sweet sorghum was A2 B4, that is, seedling density was 225 000 plants/hm2, and line spacing was 40 cm. [ Conclusions] The results provided a theoretical basis and technical support for high-yield cultivation techniques of forage sweet sorghum.
文摘全球气候变暖导致的极端高温天气严重影响水稻生产,幼穗分化期高温影响水稻幼穗发育和颖花育性,进而导致产量下降。本试验在盆栽条件下选取高温抗性品种汕优63(SY63)和高温敏感品种两优培九(LYPJ),在幼穗分化二期设置低穗肥(LN,0.072 g N/kg)、高穗肥(HN,0.144 g N/kg)2个不同穗氮肥施用量和连续15 d的白天高温处理(高温处理白天和夜间平均温度为35.6℃/27.5℃,以29.6℃/26.8℃为对照温度)。结果表明,与对照温度相比,LN和HN处理下高温导致LYPJ产量分别下降36.9%和24.8%,颖花育性分别降低22.8%和8.1%,对SY63产量和颖花育性无显著影响,表明增施穗氮肥显著促进了高温下LYPJ产量形成。增施穗氮肥显著提高了花前穗非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量,提高了花后茎鞘NSC向穗的转运量。穗NSC积累量、茎鞘NSC转运量与颖花育性、结实率和产量均呈正相关。因此,高温下增施穗氮肥可能通过促进茎鞘同化物积累与再分配缓解穗分化期高温伤害。
文摘探究聚-γ-谷氨酸(γ-PGA)对直播稻抗倒伏性、产量和品质的影响,为高产优质的水稻栽培技术提供理论依据和技术参考。于2022和2023年在湖北省武穴市花桥镇开展田间试验,采用双因素裂区设计,以直播方式水直播(W)和旱直播(D)为主区,不施加γ-PGA发酵液(P0)和施加25 kg hm–2γ-PGA发酵液(P1)为副区,共4个处理,对水稻抗倒伏能力相关指标、产量、稻米品质进行测定。结果表明,施加γ-PGA能分别使水、旱直播下水稻第一基节茎粗增加10.3%~10.6%和7.5%~13.3%,第二基节茎粗增加10.5%~11.8%和8.2%~17.5%,茎秆壁厚增加23.7%~27.9%和12.5%~22.0%,抗折能力提高37.3%~52.7%和50.8%~54.5%,弯曲力矩提高3.8%~7.6%和4.1%~5.9%,折断弯矩提高37.3%~52.7%和50.8%~54.5%,倒伏指数降低21.9%~29.1%和30.2%~32.2%。施加γ-PGA能改变水稻的茎秆强度,提高产量和稻米品质。
