二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提...二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提升;二语写作研究领域暂未形成明显的核心作者和机构的合作网络;研究主题主要聚焦二语写作教学方法的多元化、二语写作反馈的多焦点、二语写作评估与测试的科学化,以及学习者个体差异的多维影响等方面。基于此,提出未来该领域发展需加强学者、机构之间的相互合作;关注个体学习者写作过程的认知特征与情感因素,尤其重视青少年二语学习过程的研究;扩大二语写作纵向研究规模,推动研究的深入发展。展开更多
Anxiety,motivation,and strategy have long been seen as critical in second language acquisition.This study presents a systematic review of the literature on these variables in terms of their relationship with one anoth...Anxiety,motivation,and strategy have long been seen as critical in second language acquisition.This study presents a systematic review of the literature on these variables in terms of their relationship with one another,their effects on learning outcomes,and how they are affected by technology-assisted tools in the teaching of Chinese as a second language.This study includes 24 articles for the review study based on the criteria and process of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol(PRISMA-P)and the clustering techniques of VOSviewer.It is found that 1)anxiety,motivation,and strategy were interrelated,that is,motivation was negatively associated with anxiety but positively related to strategy,while strategy could positively predict anxiety;2)anxiety could both positively and negatively affect learning outcomes,while motivation and strategy could both positively and insignificantly influence learning outcomes;3)the technology-assisted tools used in the classroom could both positively and negatively affect the levels of these variables and learning outcomes in the L2 Chinese context.The need to explore more complicated relationships between language-specific individual variables themselves and other possible factors that affect these variables,such as cultural ones,are also discussed for future research.展开更多
The aim of the present study is to explore how native Chinese trainee teachers reflect on their usages of oral corrective feedback in class and what their actual teaching practices are in Chinese as a second language(...The aim of the present study is to explore how native Chinese trainee teachers reflect on their usages of oral corrective feedback in class and what their actual teaching practices are in Chinese as a second language(CSL)classroom.To this end,a mixed-methods approach was adopted in this study,including the questionnaire to explore teachers’perceptions as well as classroom observation to understand teachers’pedagogical practices during class.Fifteen trainee teachers from the same teacher training program in a university in China were identified and recruited to help complete the current research.The present study indicates that in the CSL context,teachers play an essential role in the language classroom and serve as the main resource of classroom feedback.When comparing trainee teachers’stated beliefs to their teaching practices,some similarities could be identified between them,however,clear divergence was also noticeable in the present study.Compared to the previous studies on oral corrective feedback in ESL and EFL contexts,most of the findings in the current study could correspond to those outcomes.The implication emphasizes the importance of offering more support to trainee teachers to help them deal with the complex classroom context such as through teacher training programs.Further investigations on students’perceptions of oral corrective feedback in class would also contribute to the understanding of oral corrective feedback in the CSL context.展开更多
L1 and L2 acquisition, in some respects, are similar. Language development in children goes hand in hand with physical and cognitive development. Children learn their first language by imitation, but not always and no...L1 and L2 acquisition, in some respects, are similar. Language development in children goes hand in hand with physical and cognitive development. Children learn their first language by imitation, but not always and not only by imitation. There seems to be some "innate capacities" that make children start to speak at the same time they do and in the way they do it. Adults learning a second language usually are controlled more by their motivation. But language input is important for both L1 and L2 acquisition. Though there are differences between CL1 and between CL2 and AL2, the way in which these learners acquire some of the grammatical morphemes is similar. This, together with some other evidence, shows that it is not only children who can acquire language. Adults can also acquire a language. But when adults acquire a language, they should also learn it. Some of the ways in which children acquire their language can be used as a model for L2 acquisition, even for Chinese students whose language is unrelated to English and whose culture is different. Learning the culture of the English-speaking countries will benefit the learning of the language. Like children, listening should also be well in advance of speaking in L2 acquisition. To train listening comprehension skills, Asher’s TPR approach proves more effective. TPR approach is at the moment limited to the beginning stage only. In order for students to gain all the five skills in a second language learning, namely, listening, speaking, reading, writing, and interpreting/translating, other methods should be used at the same time, or at later stages.展开更多
Idioms,collocations,and formulaic phrases are three factors playing the important role in the second language acquisition(SLA).This essay firstly deals with the definitions of these concepts,then it illustrates the im...Idioms,collocations,and formulaic phrases are three factors playing the important role in the second language acquisition(SLA).This essay firstly deals with the definitions of these concepts,then it illustrates the importance of them to SLA on two perspectives—idioms,collocations,and formulaic phrases respectively and they regarded as a whole.Therefore,in this way,the essay may lead to the answer the question“How are idioms,collocations,and formulaic phrases important to SLA?”展开更多
L1A(first language acquisition)is expected to shed light on the L2(second language)teaching.However,how far L1A correlates with second language teaching is an argument that never ends.Hence,the hypotheses on L1A and i...L1A(first language acquisition)is expected to shed light on the L2(second language)teaching.However,how far L1A correlates with second language teaching is an argument that never ends.Hence,the hypotheses on L1A and its connection with L2 Teaching are analyzed,along with a discussion on the relationship between L1A,L2A and L2 Teaching.The limitation of L1A to L2T is elaborated from the aspect of literacy,age and time distinction.展开更多
Apparent discrepancy exists between Schmidt's Noticing Hypothesis and Krashen's Input Hypothesis. Whilst Krashen highlights the importance of comprehensible input and asserts that language is acquired unconcio...Apparent discrepancy exists between Schmidt's Noticing Hypothesis and Krashen's Input Hypothesis. Whilst Krashen highlights the importance of comprehensible input and asserts that language is acquired unconciously, the notion of conscious learning has gained wide support from Schmidt and other researchers. They argue that noticing enhances second language development as one crucial level of consciousness. By reviewing the theoretical constructs that underlie the role of noticing, this paper aims to justify the role of noticing as one crucial level of consciousness in enhancing second language learning.展开更多
Learner belief is attracting growing attention since it is regarded as one element of individual difference which account for learners' different achievements in second language learning. This article gives a revi...Learner belief is attracting growing attention since it is regarded as one element of individual difference which account for learners' different achievements in second language learning. This article gives a review o studies of learner belief about second language learning concerning its properties, classifications, and majo approaches to investigation. Based on the review, the importance of the research in the field is emphasized.展开更多
Motivation is always a dominatant factor in second language learning and teaching. Dornyei once suggested his model of learners' motivation, which is, language learning attitudes and the Ideal L2 self. Certainly, ...Motivation is always a dominatant factor in second language learning and teaching. Dornyei once suggested his model of learners' motivation, which is, language learning attitudes and the Ideal L2 self. Certainly, this could bring some research interests to other researchers. In this paper, the author reviews a research carried among the Hungarians, where the research focus is clearly given on the relationship between age and motivation to test Dornyei' s theory and offer a new way to promote learner's motivation in second language learning.展开更多
Different theorists hold their own idea of learning style and thus lead to various models of learning style. Numerous studies in the field of second language acquisition has been done to prove whether there is a corre...Different theorists hold their own idea of learning style and thus lead to various models of learning style. Numerous studies in the field of second language acquisition has been done to prove whether there is a correlation between learning style and second language achievement. The bulk of research indicates that there is a strong relationship between learning styles and language learning outcomes. Learning style is of great importance in second language learning.展开更多
Learning strategies can be seen as particular techniques used by learners to have a good mastery of a second language.This articles aims to summarize the different opinions about learning strategies from different sch...Learning strategies can be seen as particular techniques used by learners to have a good mastery of a second language.This articles aims to summarize the different opinions about learning strategies from different scholars in the hope of inspiring peo⁃ple to seek for more efficient strategies to be successful learners.展开更多
More focuses of foreign language teaching theory and practice are on the study of first language and second language acquisition. The article deals with the concept of first and second language acquisition, the relati...More focuses of foreign language teaching theory and practice are on the study of first language and second language acquisition. The article deals with the concept of first and second language acquisition, the relationship between them and the factors influencing on them. The characteristics of the children acquisition and adult acquisition are also studied.展开更多
Nowadays,SLA(Second Language Acquisition) is a hot topic and is attached great importance at both home and abroad.Input and interaction are taken as two very important factors have great impact on the learners' L2...Nowadays,SLA(Second Language Acquisition) is a hot topic and is attached great importance at both home and abroad.Input and interaction are taken as two very important factors have great impact on the learners' L2 acquisition level and quality.The former research on the above two factors is productive and a lot of research on the importance of input and interaction in SLA is being conducted.Krashen's Input Hypoth-esis and Long's Interaction Hypothesis are the two most influ-ential ones.This thesis first giv...展开更多
This paper aims to introduce two research articles of the well-known linguist in the field of second language acquisition, Rod Ellis, namely, Preemptive Focus on Form in the ESL Classroom written in 2001 and Investiga...This paper aims to introduce two research articles of the well-known linguist in the field of second language acquisition, Rod Ellis, namely, Preemptive Focus on Form in the ESL Classroom written in 2001 and Investigating grammatical difficulty in second language learning: Implications for second language acquisition research and language testing written in 2008.展开更多
It is hard to set a precise date on when second language acquisition research first established itself as a field of enquiry. The paper is to stress the principles of second language acquisition. There are many to dis...It is hard to set a precise date on when second language acquisition research first established itself as a field of enquiry. The paper is to stress the principles of second language acquisition. There are many to discuss but in my point of view are mainly the following eight： Language acquisition is changeable and language acquisition is cultural acquisition and long-term process, and at the same time social factors, individual learners＇ differences, native language proficiency and multi-language dictionary should all be considered while in research of the language acquisition. What＇s more, much attention should be paid to second language acquisition since it is not only useful in acauisition of language but also in the field of natural science.展开更多
Motivation is a key factor that influences the outcome of second language(L2)learning.Chinese as a second language(CSL)learners,however,may experience demotivation in their Chinese learning process which will,more oft...Motivation is a key factor that influences the outcome of second language(L2)learning.Chinese as a second language(CSL)learners,however,may experience demotivation in their Chinese learning process which will,more often than not,reduce their learning interest and eventually affect their learning effect,therefore,it is necessary to enhance the learners’motivation level.This article first reviews the research literature in motivation in general,then discusses the CSL learners’demotivation in their Chinses learning process studying in China.Finally,it introduces motivational strategies to activate CSL learners’motivation in learning Chinese.展开更多
文摘二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提升;二语写作研究领域暂未形成明显的核心作者和机构的合作网络;研究主题主要聚焦二语写作教学方法的多元化、二语写作反馈的多焦点、二语写作评估与测试的科学化,以及学习者个体差异的多维影响等方面。基于此,提出未来该领域发展需加强学者、机构之间的相互合作;关注个体学习者写作过程的认知特征与情感因素,尤其重视青少年二语学习过程的研究;扩大二语写作纵向研究规模,推动研究的深入发展。
文摘Anxiety,motivation,and strategy have long been seen as critical in second language acquisition.This study presents a systematic review of the literature on these variables in terms of their relationship with one another,their effects on learning outcomes,and how they are affected by technology-assisted tools in the teaching of Chinese as a second language.This study includes 24 articles for the review study based on the criteria and process of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol(PRISMA-P)and the clustering techniques of VOSviewer.It is found that 1)anxiety,motivation,and strategy were interrelated,that is,motivation was negatively associated with anxiety but positively related to strategy,while strategy could positively predict anxiety;2)anxiety could both positively and negatively affect learning outcomes,while motivation and strategy could both positively and insignificantly influence learning outcomes;3)the technology-assisted tools used in the classroom could both positively and negatively affect the levels of these variables and learning outcomes in the L2 Chinese context.The need to explore more complicated relationships between language-specific individual variables themselves and other possible factors that affect these variables,such as cultural ones,are also discussed for future research.
文摘The aim of the present study is to explore how native Chinese trainee teachers reflect on their usages of oral corrective feedback in class and what their actual teaching practices are in Chinese as a second language(CSL)classroom.To this end,a mixed-methods approach was adopted in this study,including the questionnaire to explore teachers’perceptions as well as classroom observation to understand teachers’pedagogical practices during class.Fifteen trainee teachers from the same teacher training program in a university in China were identified and recruited to help complete the current research.The present study indicates that in the CSL context,teachers play an essential role in the language classroom and serve as the main resource of classroom feedback.When comparing trainee teachers’stated beliefs to their teaching practices,some similarities could be identified between them,however,clear divergence was also noticeable in the present study.Compared to the previous studies on oral corrective feedback in ESL and EFL contexts,most of the findings in the current study could correspond to those outcomes.The implication emphasizes the importance of offering more support to trainee teachers to help them deal with the complex classroom context such as through teacher training programs.Further investigations on students’perceptions of oral corrective feedback in class would also contribute to the understanding of oral corrective feedback in the CSL context.
文摘L1 and L2 acquisition, in some respects, are similar. Language development in children goes hand in hand with physical and cognitive development. Children learn their first language by imitation, but not always and not only by imitation. There seems to be some "innate capacities" that make children start to speak at the same time they do and in the way they do it. Adults learning a second language usually are controlled more by their motivation. But language input is important for both L1 and L2 acquisition. Though there are differences between CL1 and between CL2 and AL2, the way in which these learners acquire some of the grammatical morphemes is similar. This, together with some other evidence, shows that it is not only children who can acquire language. Adults can also acquire a language. But when adults acquire a language, they should also learn it. Some of the ways in which children acquire their language can be used as a model for L2 acquisition, even for Chinese students whose language is unrelated to English and whose culture is different. Learning the culture of the English-speaking countries will benefit the learning of the language. Like children, listening should also be well in advance of speaking in L2 acquisition. To train listening comprehension skills, Asher’s TPR approach proves more effective. TPR approach is at the moment limited to the beginning stage only. In order for students to gain all the five skills in a second language learning, namely, listening, speaking, reading, writing, and interpreting/translating, other methods should be used at the same time, or at later stages.
文摘Idioms,collocations,and formulaic phrases are three factors playing the important role in the second language acquisition(SLA).This essay firstly deals with the definitions of these concepts,then it illustrates the importance of them to SLA on two perspectives—idioms,collocations,and formulaic phrases respectively and they regarded as a whole.Therefore,in this way,the essay may lead to the answer the question“How are idioms,collocations,and formulaic phrases important to SLA?”
文摘L1A(first language acquisition)is expected to shed light on the L2(second language)teaching.However,how far L1A correlates with second language teaching is an argument that never ends.Hence,the hypotheses on L1A and its connection with L2 Teaching are analyzed,along with a discussion on the relationship between L1A,L2A and L2 Teaching.The limitation of L1A to L2T is elaborated from the aspect of literacy,age and time distinction.
文摘Apparent discrepancy exists between Schmidt's Noticing Hypothesis and Krashen's Input Hypothesis. Whilst Krashen highlights the importance of comprehensible input and asserts that language is acquired unconciously, the notion of conscious learning has gained wide support from Schmidt and other researchers. They argue that noticing enhances second language development as one crucial level of consciousness. By reviewing the theoretical constructs that underlie the role of noticing, this paper aims to justify the role of noticing as one crucial level of consciousness in enhancing second language learning.
文摘Learner belief is attracting growing attention since it is regarded as one element of individual difference which account for learners' different achievements in second language learning. This article gives a review o studies of learner belief about second language learning concerning its properties, classifications, and majo approaches to investigation. Based on the review, the importance of the research in the field is emphasized.
文摘Motivation is always a dominatant factor in second language learning and teaching. Dornyei once suggested his model of learners' motivation, which is, language learning attitudes and the Ideal L2 self. Certainly, this could bring some research interests to other researchers. In this paper, the author reviews a research carried among the Hungarians, where the research focus is clearly given on the relationship between age and motivation to test Dornyei' s theory and offer a new way to promote learner's motivation in second language learning.
文摘Different theorists hold their own idea of learning style and thus lead to various models of learning style. Numerous studies in the field of second language acquisition has been done to prove whether there is a correlation between learning style and second language achievement. The bulk of research indicates that there is a strong relationship between learning styles and language learning outcomes. Learning style is of great importance in second language learning.
文摘Learning strategies can be seen as particular techniques used by learners to have a good mastery of a second language.This articles aims to summarize the different opinions about learning strategies from different scholars in the hope of inspiring peo⁃ple to seek for more efficient strategies to be successful learners.
文摘More focuses of foreign language teaching theory and practice are on the study of first language and second language acquisition. The article deals with the concept of first and second language acquisition, the relationship between them and the factors influencing on them. The characteristics of the children acquisition and adult acquisition are also studied.
文摘Nowadays,SLA(Second Language Acquisition) is a hot topic and is attached great importance at both home and abroad.Input and interaction are taken as two very important factors have great impact on the learners' L2 acquisition level and quality.The former research on the above two factors is productive and a lot of research on the importance of input and interaction in SLA is being conducted.Krashen's Input Hypoth-esis and Long's Interaction Hypothesis are the two most influ-ential ones.This thesis first giv...
文摘This paper aims to introduce two research articles of the well-known linguist in the field of second language acquisition, Rod Ellis, namely, Preemptive Focus on Form in the ESL Classroom written in 2001 and Investigating grammatical difficulty in second language learning: Implications for second language acquisition research and language testing written in 2008.
文摘It is hard to set a precise date on when second language acquisition research first established itself as a field of enquiry. The paper is to stress the principles of second language acquisition. There are many to discuss but in my point of view are mainly the following eight： Language acquisition is changeable and language acquisition is cultural acquisition and long-term process, and at the same time social factors, individual learners＇ differences, native language proficiency and multi-language dictionary should all be considered while in research of the language acquisition. What＇s more, much attention should be paid to second language acquisition since it is not only useful in acauisition of language but also in the field of natural science.
基金This article is supported by the following projects:A Study on Individual Differences in Chinese Learning Needs and the Effect of Chinese Learning of International Students in Anhui Province(Grant No.SK2020A0034)A Study on the Effective Input and Output of Multimodal Synergy in College English Audio-video Classroom(Grant No.acjyyb2022078).
文摘Motivation is a key factor that influences the outcome of second language(L2)learning.Chinese as a second language(CSL)learners,however,may experience demotivation in their Chinese learning process which will,more often than not,reduce their learning interest and eventually affect their learning effect,therefore,it is necessary to enhance the learners’motivation level.This article first reviews the research literature in motivation in general,then discusses the CSL learners’demotivation in their Chinses learning process studying in China.Finally,it introduces motivational strategies to activate CSL learners’motivation in learning Chinese.
