Oral cancers suffer from poor disease free survival rates due to delayed diagnosis.Noninvasive,rapid,objective approaches as adjuncts to visual inspection can help in better management of oral cancers.Raman spectrosoo...Oral cancers suffer from poor disease free survival rates due to delayed diagnosis.Noninvasive,rapid,objective approaches as adjuncts to visual inspection can help in better management of oral cancers.Raman spectrosoopy(RS)has shown potential in identification of oral premalignant and malignant conditions and also in the detection of early cancer changes like cancer field ffects(CFE)at buccal mucosa subsite.Anatomic differences between different oral subsites have also been reported using RS.In this study,anatomical differences between subsites and their possible infuence on healthy vs pathological classification were evaluated on 85 oral cancer and 72 healthy subjects.Spectra were acquired from buccal mucosa,lip and tongue in healthy,contralateral(internal healthy control),premalignant and cancer conditions using fiber optic Raman spec-trometer.Mean spectra indicate predominance of lipids in healthy buccal mucosa,contribution of both lipids and proteins in lip while major dominance of protein in tongue spectra.From healthy to tumor,changes in protein secondary structure,DNA and heme related features were observed.Principal component linear discriminant analysis(PC-LDA)followed by leave one out CrOoss-validation(LOOCV)was used for data analysis.Findin gs indicate buccal mucosa and tongue are distinct entities,while lip misclassifies with both these subsites.Additionally,the diagnostic algorithm for individual subsites gave improved classification efficiencies with respect to the pooled subsites model.However,as the pooled subsites model yielded 98%specifcity and 100%sensitivity,this model may be more useful for preliminary screening applications.Large-scale validation studies are a pre requisite before envisaging future clinical applications.展开更多
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)is utilized in locally advanced oral cancers to reduce the tumor burden and downstage the tumor to be amenable for definitive surgical management.Its long-term results compared to upfron...Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)is utilized in locally advanced oral cancers to reduce the tumor burden and downstage the tumor to be amenable for definitive surgical management.Its long-term results compared to upfront surgical resection was not encouraging.Immunotherapy has now been used not only in recurrence and metastatic setting but also in the locally advanced tumor management regimens.The purpose of this concept paper is to bring forward the rationale to use a fixed low-dose immunotherapy agent as a potentiator to the standard NACT regimen and recommend their future investigation in oral cancer management.展开更多
Oral cancer is one of the malignant neoplasms that present major global health challenge.It is the sixth most prevalent type of cancer in the world,with a high incidence and mortality rate.This letter is a review of t...Oral cancer is one of the malignant neoplasms that present major global health challenge.It is the sixth most prevalent type of cancer in the world,with a high incidence and mortality rate.This letter is a review of the study by Yin et al which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases(2024).The study evaluated the effect of Tongluo Jiedu as an adjuvant treatment for oral cancer.Over the years,there has been a continuous search for effective and less invasive treatments for oral cancer.This article emphasizes and discusses various therapeutic options currently available,and it highlights that early intervention and multidisciplinary management are crucial for improving outcomes.Traditional Chinese medicine,particularly Tongluo Jiedu,presents potential complementary approach to co-nventional oral cancer therapies.Future research on Tongluo Jiedu should be focused on validation of its efficacy and safety through large,well-designed clinical trials,as well as better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in-volved,and optimization of therapeutic combinations.Additionally,continuous education of health professionals is key to the effective and safe integration of this traditional medicine into clinical practice.Continuous research is essential for optimization of therapeutic strategies and for addressing the challenges presented by this neoplasm.展开更多
BACKGROUND Post-operative massive hemorrhage is a critical concern in oral cancer surgery,associated with severe complications and heightened morbidity and mortality rates.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old male with advanced...BACKGROUND Post-operative massive hemorrhage is a critical concern in oral cancer surgery,associated with severe complications and heightened morbidity and mortality rates.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old male with advanced poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma(ypT4aN3bN0M0)of the oral floor underwent extensive surgery,including total glossectomy,partial mandibulectomy,and free flap reconstruction.Postoperatively,he developed life-threatening hemorrhage on day 3 due to wound dehiscence.Rapid nursing interventions-prompt suture removal,pressure hemostasis,and multidisciplinary collaboration-controlled bleeding.Postoperative care emphasized hemodynamic monitoring,infection prevention,and rehabilitation.Despite comorbidities(hypertension,diabetes,prior stroke),the patient achieved functional recovery:Oral flap epithelialization,restored swallowing(water swallow test:Grade 1),70% tongue mobility,and 80% preoperative chewing efficiency at 6-month follow-up.This case underscores the critical role of structured nursing protocols in managing postoperative hemorrhage and optimizing outcomes in high-risk oral cancer surgery.CONCLUSION This case report highlights the pivotal role of structured nursing interventions in managing life-threatening postoperative hemorrhage following complex oral cancer surgery.By integrating meticulous preoperative risk stratification,intraoperative hemostatic collaboration,and vigilant postoperative monitoring(e.g.,timely suture management,pressure hemostasis,blood product administration),the interdisciplinary team achieved rapid hemorrhage control.Comprehensive psychological care and rehabilitation protocols further facilitated functional recovery,enabling the patient to regain swallowing,speech,and mobility despite advanced disease and comorbidities.The findings underscore that standardized nursing workflows,balancing procedural rigor with holistic patient support,are essential for mitigating complications and enhancing outcomes in high-risk head and neck surgical populations.展开更多
Background:Oral cancer remains a significant global health challenge,as it has high morbidity and mortality rates.Current treatments show limited efficacy and have severe side effects,prompting searches for new therap...Background:Oral cancer remains a significant global health challenge,as it has high morbidity and mortality rates.Current treatments show limited efficacy and have severe side effects,prompting searches for new therapeutic agents.SH003,a traditional herbal formulation comprising Astragalus membranaceus,Angelica gigas,and Trichosanthes kirilowii,has demonstrated potential anticancer properties in previous studies.However,its specific efficacy against oral cancer and the role of its key components,particularly Cucurbitacin D,remain underexplored.Methods:The cytotoxic effects of SH003 and its major components—i.e.,Cucurbitacin D,Decursin,Formononetin,and Nodakenin—were evaluated using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide(MTT),Trypan Blue exclusion,and Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH)release assays.Cell migration was analyzed via wound healing assays,and apoptosis induction was assessed using cell cycle analysis and caspase activation assays.Epithelial-tomesenchymal transition(EMT)marker expression(E-cadherin and N-cadherin)was measured using Western blotting and Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR).Results:SH003 significantly reduced cell viability in a dosedependent manner,with YD-8 and YD-9 cells showing greater sensitivity than YD-38 cells.Of the individual compounds,Cucurbitacin D was identified as a key active agent,as it exhibited potent inhibition of cell migration and significant modulation of EMT markers,including the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin.These effects were most pronounced in YD-9 cells.Conclusions:Taken together,these findings suggest that Cucurbitacin D plays a crucial role mediating the anticancer activity of SH003,particularly via the reversal of EMT and the reduction of migratory and invasive potential of oral cancer cells.This study provides valuable insight into the mechanistic basis of SH003,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent against oral cancer.Further research,including in vivo studies and clinical trials,is needed to elucidate its precise mechanisms and potential applications against other cancer types.展开更多
Background:Alisol A is a natural compound isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma,known for its diverse pharmacological activities,including anticancer and neuroprotective effects.This study aimed to explore the anticancer ef...Background:Alisol A is a natural compound isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma,known for its diverse pharmacological activities,including anticancer and neuroprotective effects.This study aimed to explore the anticancer effects of Alisol A on oral cancer cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell viability was measured by MTT assay,cell cycle by flow cytometry,and apoptosis by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activation.Regulation of signaling pathways was analyzed using an apoptosis-related protein array,immunoblotting,and specific kinase inhibitors.Results:Alisol A reduced the viability of oral cancer cell lines,induced sub-G1 phase accumulation,and augmented the number of apoptotic cells.Protein array results indicated that Alisol A enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),while suppressing cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1(cIAP1)and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP)levels in SCC-9 cells.These changes were further confirmed in both SCC-9 and HSC-3 cells by immunoblotting.In addition,Alisol A triggered the activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3,as well as poly(ADPribose)polymerase(PARP)cleavage in both cell lines.Analysis of signaling pathways showed that mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)were significantly activated by Alisol A.Notably,inhibition of JNK and p38markedly reduced Alisol A-induced activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that Alisol A exerts potent anticancer effects on oral cancer cells by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis via activation of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways.These results suggest that Alisol A may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of oral cancer.展开更多
Objective： To descript the incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer among Chinese population in 2011, and provide valuable data for oral cancer prevention and research. Methods： Data from 177 population-based ca...Objective： To descript the incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer among Chinese population in 2011, and provide valuable data for oral cancer prevention and research. Methods： Data from 177 population-based cancer registries distributed in 28 provinces were accepted for this study after evaluation based on quality control criteria, covering a total of 175,310,169 populations and accounting for 13.01% of the overall national population in 2011. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated by area, gender and age groups. The numbers of new cases and deaths were estimated using the 5-year age-specific cancer incidence/mortality rates and the corresponding populations. The Chinese population in 2000 and World Segi＇s population were used for age-standardized rates. Results： The estimate of new cases diagnosed with oral cancer was 39,450 including 26,160 males and 13,290 females. The overall crude incidence rate for oral cancer was 2.93/100,000. The age-standardized rates by China （ASRcN） population and by World population （ASRwld） were 2.22/100,000 and 2.17/100,000, respectively. Among subjects aged 0-74 years, the cumulative incidence rate was 0.25%. The estimated number of oral cancer deaths of China in 2011 was 16,933, including 11,794 males and 5,139 females. The overall crude mortality rate was 1.26/I00,000, accounting for 0.80% of all cancer deaths. The ASRcN and ASP^Id for mortality were 0.90/100,000 and 0.89/100,000, respectively. Among subjects aged 0-74 years, the cumulative mortality rate was 0.10%. The incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer were much higher in males and urban areas than in females and rural areas. In addition, the incidence and mortality rates were increased by the raising of ages. Conclusions： Results in the study may have important roles for oral cancer prevention and research. Although oral cancer burden of China is not high, we must pay attention to this malignancy as well. In addition, further researches need to be done for primary and secondary prevention research of oral cancer, especially for the high risk population.展开更多
AIM： To explore the role of Helicobacter pylori （Hpylori） infection on the risk of digestive tract cancers. METHODS： In total, 199 oral squamous-cell carcinoma （SCC）, 317 esophagea! SCC, 196 gastric cardia and n...AIM： To explore the role of Helicobacter pylori （Hpylori） infection on the risk of digestive tract cancers. METHODS： In total, 199 oral squamous-cell carcinoma （SCC）, 317 esophagea! SCC, 196 gastric cardia and non-cardia adenocarcinoma and 240 colon adenocarcinoma patients were recruited for serum tests of Hpylori infection. Two hospital- and one community-based control groups were used for the comparisons. Hpylori seropositivity was determined by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method against Hpylori IgG. RESULTS： Presence of H pylori infection was significantly inversely associated with esophageal SCC [adjusted odds ratio （AOR）： 0.315-0.472, all P-value 〈 0.05] but positively associated with gastric adenocarcinoma （both cardia and non-cardia） （AOR： 1.636-3.060, all P-value 〈 0.05） in comparison to the three control groups. Similar results were not found in cancers of the oral cavity and colon. CONCLUSION： Our findings support the finding that H pylori seropositivity is inversely associated with esophageal SCC risk, but increases the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.展开更多
The hypothesis that a dietary Supplement of selenium (Se) may reduce cancer risk was tested experimetally in humans. Patients with histories of basal/squarnous cell carcinomas of the skin were assigned randomly in dou...The hypothesis that a dietary Supplement of selenium (Se) may reduce cancer risk was tested experimetally in humans. Patients with histories of basal/squarnous cell carcinomas of the skin were assigned randomly in double-blind fashion to dally oral supplements of either Seenriched yeast (200 μg Se/day), or a low-Se yeast placebo. A total of 1312 patients recruited in 1983-1990 were followed with regular dermatologic examinations through 1993 for a total of 8269 person-years of observation. Skin cancer diagnoses were confirmed histologically.Plasma Se concentration was determined at 6-12 months intervals. All deaths and patient-reported illnesses were recorded; reported cancers were confirmed and documented by consultation with the patient medical care providers. The results indicate that Se did not significantly affect the primary endpoints: incidences of recurrent basal/squarnous cell carcinomas of the skin. However, Setreatment was associated with reductions in several secondary endpoints:total mortality, mortality from all cancers combined, as well as the incidence of all cancers combined, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. The consistencies of these associations over time, between study clinics and for the leading cancer sltes strongly suggests benefits of Se-supplementation for this cohort of patients, supporting the hypopthesis that supplemental Se can reduce cancer risk. Although Se did no shown protective effects against nonmelanoma skin cancers, the suggested reductions in risks to other frequent cancers demand further evaluation in well controlled cliflical intervention trials展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effect of erianin on the viability,migration,and invasion of KB cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell Counting Kit-8,colony formation,wound healing,and Transwell assays w...Objective:To evaluate the effect of erianin on the viability,migration,and invasion of KB cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell Counting Kit-8,colony formation,wound healing,and Transwell assays were used to determine the proliferation,migration,and invasion of oral cancer KB cells.Furthermore,malondialdehyde(MDA)and glutathione(GSH)levels were determined.Fluorescent probes were used to detect changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species and iron ions.Additionally,the expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins,NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1),heme oxygenase 1(HO-1),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were analyzed by Western blotting assays.Results:Erianin induced ferroptosis and inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of KB cells.Moreover,erianin decreased GSH level,increased MDA level,elevated intracellular ROS and Fe2+contents,and downregulated the expression of the ferroptosis-related proteins Nrf2,HO-1,GPX4,and FTH1 in KB cells.These effects of erianin were effectively reversed by a ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1.Conclusions:Erianin inhibits the proliferation,migration,and invasion of oral cancer cells and induces ferroptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway.Therefore,erianin may be a potential candidate for the treatment of oral cancer.展开更多
Oral cancer is the most commonly occurring‘head and neck cancers’across the globe.Most of the oral cancer cases are diagnosed at later stages due to absence of awareness among public.Since earlier identification of ...Oral cancer is the most commonly occurring‘head and neck cancers’across the globe.Most of the oral cancer cases are diagnosed at later stages due to absence of awareness among public.Since earlier identification of disease is essential for improved outcomes,Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)models are used in this regard.In this background,the current study introduces Artificial Intelligence with Deep Transfer Learning driven Oral Cancer detection and Classification Model(AIDTLOCCM).The primary goal of the proposed AIDTL-OCCM model is to diagnose oral cancer using AI and image processing techniques.The proposed AIDTL-OCCM model involves fuzzy-based contrast enhancement approach to perform data pre-processing.Followed by,the densely-connected networks(DenseNet-169)model is employed to produce a useful set of deep features.Moreover,Chimp Optimization Algorithm(COA)with Autoencoder(AE)model is applied for oral cancer detection and classification.Furthermore,COA is employed to determine optimal parameters involved in AE model.A wide range of experimental analyses was conducted on benchmark datasets and the results were investigated under several aspects.The extensive experimental analysis outcomes established the enhanced performance of AIDTLOCCM model compared to other approaches with a maximum accuracy of 90.08%.展开更多
BACKGROUND Oral cancer(OC)is the most common malignant tumor in the oral cavity,and is mainly seen in middle-aged and elderly men.At present,OC is mainly treated clinically by surgery or combined with radiotherapy and...BACKGROUND Oral cancer(OC)is the most common malignant tumor in the oral cavity,and is mainly seen in middle-aged and elderly men.At present,OC is mainly treated clinically by surgery or combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy;but recently,more and more studies have shown that the stress trauma caused by surgery and the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy seriously affect the prognosis of patients.AIM To determine the significance of 125I radioactive seed implantation on growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11)and programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)during treatment of OC.METHODS A total of 184 OC patients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from May 2015 to May 2017 were selected as the research subjects for prospective analysis.Of these patients,89 who received 125I radioactive seed implantation therapy were regarded as the research group(RG)and 95 patients who received surgical treatment were regarded as the control group(CG).The clinical efficacy,incidence of adverse reactions and changes in GDF11 and PD-1 before treatment(T0),2 wk after treatment(T1),4 wk after treatment(T2)and 6 wk after treatment(T3)were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The efficacy and recurrence rate in the RG were better than those in the CG(P<0.05),while the incidence of adverse reactions and survival rate were not different.There was no difference in GDF11 and PD-1 between the two groups at T0 and T1,but these factors were lower in the RG than in the CG at T2 and T3(P<0.05).Using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,GDF11 and PD-1 had good predictive value for efficacy and recurrence(P<0.001).CONCLUSION 125I radioactive seed implantation has clinical efficacy and can reduce the recurrence rate in patients with OC.This therapy has marked potential in clinical application.The detection of GDF11 and PD-1 in patients during treatment showed good predictive value for treatment efficacy and recurrence in OC patients,and may be potential targets for future OC treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Oral cancer,which is caused by mucous membrane variation,represents a prevalent malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region,posing a significant threat to patients’lives and safety.While surgical ...BACKGROUND Oral cancer,which is caused by mucous membrane variation,represents a prevalent malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region,posing a significant threat to patients’lives and safety.While surgical intervention stands as a cornerstone treatment for oral cancer patients,it carries the risk of incomplete treatment or high rates of postoperative recurrence.Hence,a multifaceted approach incorporating diverse treatment modalities is essential to enhance patient prognosis.AIM To analyze the application effect of Tongluo Jiedu prescription as adjuvant therapy and its influence on patient prognosis in patients with oral cancer.METHODS Eighty oral cancer patients in our hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and control group by a random number table.The control group was treated with continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil.The observation group was additionally given Tongluo Jiadu prescription.The inflammatory stress level,peripheral blood T-cell subsets,and immune function of the two groups were subsequently observed.SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated lower levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein,and a higher level of tumor necrosis factor in comparison to the control group.After treatment,the immune function in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group.CONCLUSION Tongluo Jiedu prescription can improve the immune function and oxidative stress level of patients with oral cancer and accelerate the recovery process.展开更多
Background:Oral cancer,a malignancy that is prevalent worldwide,is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)in circulating exosomes have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers.The role of miRNA let-7c-5p ...Background:Oral cancer,a malignancy that is prevalent worldwide,is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)in circulating exosomes have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers.The role of miRNA let-7c-5p in oral cancer remains underexplored,and its potential involvement in tumorigenesis warrants comprehensive investigation.Methods:Serum samples from 30 patients with oral cancer and 20 healthy controls were used to isolate exosomes and quantify their RNA content.Isolation of the exosomes was confirmed through transmission electron microscopy.Quantitative PCR was used to assess the miRNA profiles.The effects of let-7c-5p and TAGLN overexpression on oral cancer cell viability,migration,and invasion were analyzed via CCK-8 and Transwell assays.Moreover,we conducted mRNA sequencing of exosomal RNA from exosomes overexpressing let-7c-5p to delineate the gene expression profile and identify potential let-7c-5p target genes.Results:let-7c-5p was upregulated in serumderived exosomes of patients with oral cancer.Overexpression of let-7c-5p in the TCA8113 and CAL-27 cell lines enhanced their proliferative,migratory,and invasive capacities,and overexpression of let-7c-5p cell-derived exosomes promoted oral cancer cell invasiveness.Exosomal mRNA sequencing revealed 2,551 differentially expressed genes between control cell-derived exosomes and overexpressed let-7c-5p cell-derived exosomes.We further identified TAGLN as a direct target of let-7c-5p,which has been implicated in modulating the oncogenic potential of oral cancer cells.Overexpression of TAGLN reverses the promoting role of let-7c-5p on oral cancer cells.Conclusion:Our findings highlight the role of exosomal let-7c-5p in enhancing oral cancer cell aggressiveness by downregulating TAGLN expression,highlighting its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy.展开更多
Oral cancer(OC)is one of the most recurrent cancers in the head and neck squamous cancer(SCCHN)category.Recently,the genome-wide association studies(GWAS)have gained growing interest in the scientific community.GWAS h...Oral cancer(OC)is one of the most recurrent cancers in the head and neck squamous cancer(SCCHN)category.Recently,the genome-wide association studies(GWAS)have gained growing interest in the scientific community.GWAS have identified several pathways involved in the interactions among general risk factors and genomic variants affecting SCCHN.This systematic overview aims to critically evaluate the latest data reported within the scientific literature.The aim was to investigate the impact of genetic aspects on SCCHN onset and prognosis,involving other clinical and systemic co-factors.PubMed,Google Scholar,and Cancer Genetics Web databases have been systematically investigated for original articles published in the last two years,reporting studies on the main queries addressed in this work.This review also comparatively describes the impact of environmental and pathological co-factors in different types of cancers,clarifying and updating the role of genetic factors in SCCHN onset and development.The main outcomes reported may be helpful to drive clinicians towards their clinical evaluations for the most appropriate therapeutic approach in SCCHN.展开更多
An association between Candida and oral cancer has long been discussed in the literature and in particular Candida albicans has been proposed to play a significant role in the development of oral cancer. Although this...An association between Candida and oral cancer has long been discussed in the literature and in particular Candida albicans has been proposed to play a significant role in the development of oral cancer. Although this organism is a common member of the oral mucosa and can cause a variety of oral mucosal lesions, the exact mechanisms by which C. albicans potentially causes the development of malignant disease still require much research. We have undertaken an extensive literature search to understand pathogenicity of C. albicans, including its virulence factors, its interactions with the host immune, how a dysregulation of the immune response can result in malignancy, and how a potential C. albicans specific cytokine response may be involved in oral carcinogenesis. We present here a candid assessment of the role of Candida in oral carcinogenesis and a hypothetical model about how this may occur. Finally, we present potential future research which is necessary to elucidate this role.展开更多
<b>Introduction:</b> Oral cancer is the third most prominent type of cancer in Bangladesh. During or after oral cancer treatment, immune-compromised cancer patients may be susceptible to an infection by mu...<b>Introduction:</b> Oral cancer is the third most prominent type of cancer in Bangladesh. During or after oral cancer treatment, immune-compromised cancer patients may be susceptible to an infection by multi-drug-resistant opportunistic microbes. This study aims to identify the prevalent microorganisms from the infected site of oral cancer patients and observe their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Clinical samples were collected from the infected sites of oral cancer patients and healthy people. The swabs collected were placed on nutrient agar slant, then incubated for 24 hours at 37ºC. Bacteria from the slant were inoculated in several selective media (Mannitol Salt Agar Media, KF Streptococcus Agar media, Cetrimide Agar, Eosin Methylene Blue Agar). Several biochemical tests identified opportunistic microorganisms. Finally, the antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. <b>Results:</b> The study found that 65.4% of microbes isolated from the patients’ oral cavities were Gram-negative bacteria, and 34.6% were Gram-positive bacteria. Among the patient group isolates (n = 55), the most prevalent organism was <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (30;54.54%). Others were <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. (27;49.09%), <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (24;43.63%), <i>E. coli</i> (14;25.45%), <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (14;25.45%), <i>Proteus</i> spp. (12;21.8%) and <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. (6;10.90%). Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes from the patient group have shown high resistance to the commonly used antibiotics. In the control group (n = 50), the most prevalent organism was <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (15;30%). Other organisms were <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (6;12%), <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. (11;22%), <i>E. coli</i> (3;6%), <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (14;25.45%), <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (8;16%). The microbes of the control group showed less resistance to the antibiotics and rather showed sensitivity to them. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study revealed a high prevalence of multi-drug-resistant opportunistic microbes on immune-compromised oral cancer patients compared to microbes isolated from healthy people’s oral cavity.展开更多
Aim To analyse the cytomorphological features of kerati- nocytes in smears obtained from the oral mucosa of tobacco users and from oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. Methodology Oral smears were obtained from clini...Aim To analyse the cytomorphological features of kerati- nocytes in smears obtained from the oral mucosa of tobacco users and from oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. Methodology Oral smears were obtained from clinically, normal appearing mucosa of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients （n=20） and from the mucosa of smokers （n=20）, and apparently healthy individuals （n=20） were used as controls. The smears were histochemically stained and cytomorphological assessment of the keratinocytes was carried out. One-way ANOVA （Analysis of Variance） was used for comparing the parameters among multiple groups and Tukey-HSD test was used to compare the mean values between groups. Results The mean nuclear area of keratinocytes from the mucosa of tobacco users was 46 ± 2.57 and that of the oral squamous cell carcinoma lesion was 81.54±4.31. While there was a significant （P=0.001） reduction in the cellular area of keratinocytes from oral squamous cell carcinoma lesion when compared with those from oral smears of tobacco users. Conclusion Cytomorphometric analysis of keratinocytes can serve as a useful adjunct in the early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinomas.展开更多
miR-504 plays a pivotal role in the progression of oral cancer.However,the underlying mechanism remains elusive in vivo.Here,we find that miR-504 is significantly down-regulated in oral cancer patients.We generate miR...miR-504 plays a pivotal role in the progression of oral cancer.However,the underlying mechanism remains elusive in vivo.Here,we find that miR-504 is significantly down-regulated in oral cancer patients.We generate miR-504 knockout mice(miR-504^(-/-))using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to investigate its impact on the malignant progression of oral cancer under exposure to 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide(4NQO).We show that the deletion of miR-504 does not affect phenotypic characteristics,body weight,reproductive performance,and survival in mice,but results in changes in the blood physiological and biochemical indexes of the mice.Moreover,with 4NQO treatment,miR-504^(-/-)mice exhibit more pronounced pathological changes char-acteristic of oral cancer.RNA sequencing shows that the differentially expressed genes observed in samples from miR-504^(-/-)mice with oral cancer are involved in regulating cell metabolism,cytokine acti-vation,and lipid metabolism-related pathways.Additionally,these differentially expressed genes are significantly enriched in lipid metabolism pathways that influence immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment,thereby accelerating tumor development progression.Collectively,our results suggest that knockout of miR-504 accelerates malignant progression in 4NQO-induced oral cancer by regulating tumor cell proliferation and lipid metabolism,affecting immune cell infiltration.展开更多
The Yes-associated protein(YAP)is a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway and acts as a key transcription co-factor to regulate cell migration,proliferation,and survival.The Hippo pathway is evolutionarily conserve...The Yes-associated protein(YAP)is a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway and acts as a key transcription co-factor to regulate cell migration,proliferation,and survival.The Hippo pathway is evolutionarily conserved and controls tissue growth and organ size.Dysregulation and heterogeneity of this pathway are found in cancers,including oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),leading to overexpression of YAP and its regulated proliferation machinery.The activity of YAP is associated with its nuclear expression and is negatively regulated by the Hippo kinase-mediated phosphorylation resulting in an induction of its cytoplasmic translocation.This review focuses on the role of YAP in OSCC in the context of cancer metastatic potential and highlights the latestfindings about the heterogeneity of YAP expression and its nuclear transcription activity in oral cancer cell lines.The review also discusses the potential target of YAP in oral cancer therapy and the recentfinding of the unprecedented role of the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-3(DSG3)in regulating Hippo-YAP signaling.展开更多
文摘Oral cancers suffer from poor disease free survival rates due to delayed diagnosis.Noninvasive,rapid,objective approaches as adjuncts to visual inspection can help in better management of oral cancers.Raman spectrosoopy(RS)has shown potential in identification of oral premalignant and malignant conditions and also in the detection of early cancer changes like cancer field ffects(CFE)at buccal mucosa subsite.Anatomic differences between different oral subsites have also been reported using RS.In this study,anatomical differences between subsites and their possible infuence on healthy vs pathological classification were evaluated on 85 oral cancer and 72 healthy subjects.Spectra were acquired from buccal mucosa,lip and tongue in healthy,contralateral(internal healthy control),premalignant and cancer conditions using fiber optic Raman spec-trometer.Mean spectra indicate predominance of lipids in healthy buccal mucosa,contribution of both lipids and proteins in lip while major dominance of protein in tongue spectra.From healthy to tumor,changes in protein secondary structure,DNA and heme related features were observed.Principal component linear discriminant analysis(PC-LDA)followed by leave one out CrOoss-validation(LOOCV)was used for data analysis.Findin gs indicate buccal mucosa and tongue are distinct entities,while lip misclassifies with both these subsites.Additionally,the diagnostic algorithm for individual subsites gave improved classification efficiencies with respect to the pooled subsites model.However,as the pooled subsites model yielded 98%specifcity and 100%sensitivity,this model may be more useful for preliminary screening applications.Large-scale validation studies are a pre requisite before envisaging future clinical applications.
文摘Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)is utilized in locally advanced oral cancers to reduce the tumor burden and downstage the tumor to be amenable for definitive surgical management.Its long-term results compared to upfront surgical resection was not encouraging.Immunotherapy has now been used not only in recurrence and metastatic setting but also in the locally advanced tumor management regimens.The purpose of this concept paper is to bring forward the rationale to use a fixed low-dose immunotherapy agent as a potentiator to the standard NACT regimen and recommend their future investigation in oral cancer management.
文摘Oral cancer is one of the malignant neoplasms that present major global health challenge.It is the sixth most prevalent type of cancer in the world,with a high incidence and mortality rate.This letter is a review of the study by Yin et al which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases(2024).The study evaluated the effect of Tongluo Jiedu as an adjuvant treatment for oral cancer.Over the years,there has been a continuous search for effective and less invasive treatments for oral cancer.This article emphasizes and discusses various therapeutic options currently available,and it highlights that early intervention and multidisciplinary management are crucial for improving outcomes.Traditional Chinese medicine,particularly Tongluo Jiedu,presents potential complementary approach to co-nventional oral cancer therapies.Future research on Tongluo Jiedu should be focused on validation of its efficacy and safety through large,well-designed clinical trials,as well as better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in-volved,and optimization of therapeutic combinations.Additionally,continuous education of health professionals is key to the effective and safe integration of this traditional medicine into clinical practice.Continuous research is essential for optimization of therapeutic strategies and for addressing the challenges presented by this neoplasm.
基金Supported by the First Batch of 2024 Social Welfare and Basic Research Projects in Zhongshan City(General Projects in the Field of Healthcare),No.2024B1100Guangdong Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.20241357.
文摘BACKGROUND Post-operative massive hemorrhage is a critical concern in oral cancer surgery,associated with severe complications and heightened morbidity and mortality rates.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old male with advanced poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma(ypT4aN3bN0M0)of the oral floor underwent extensive surgery,including total glossectomy,partial mandibulectomy,and free flap reconstruction.Postoperatively,he developed life-threatening hemorrhage on day 3 due to wound dehiscence.Rapid nursing interventions-prompt suture removal,pressure hemostasis,and multidisciplinary collaboration-controlled bleeding.Postoperative care emphasized hemodynamic monitoring,infection prevention,and rehabilitation.Despite comorbidities(hypertension,diabetes,prior stroke),the patient achieved functional recovery:Oral flap epithelialization,restored swallowing(water swallow test:Grade 1),70% tongue mobility,and 80% preoperative chewing efficiency at 6-month follow-up.This case underscores the critical role of structured nursing protocols in managing postoperative hemorrhage and optimizing outcomes in high-risk oral cancer surgery.CONCLUSION This case report highlights the pivotal role of structured nursing interventions in managing life-threatening postoperative hemorrhage following complex oral cancer surgery.By integrating meticulous preoperative risk stratification,intraoperative hemostatic collaboration,and vigilant postoperative monitoring(e.g.,timely suture management,pressure hemostasis,blood product administration),the interdisciplinary team achieved rapid hemorrhage control.Comprehensive psychological care and rehabilitation protocols further facilitated functional recovery,enabling the patient to regain swallowing,speech,and mobility despite advanced disease and comorbidities.The findings underscore that standardized nursing workflows,balancing procedural rigor with holistic patient support,are essential for mitigating complications and enhancing outcomes in high-risk head and neck surgical populations.
基金supported by grants from the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital(SNUBH)Research Fund(Grant no.02-2020-0008)the Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program of Seoul National University(Grant no.860-20240109).
文摘Background:Oral cancer remains a significant global health challenge,as it has high morbidity and mortality rates.Current treatments show limited efficacy and have severe side effects,prompting searches for new therapeutic agents.SH003,a traditional herbal formulation comprising Astragalus membranaceus,Angelica gigas,and Trichosanthes kirilowii,has demonstrated potential anticancer properties in previous studies.However,its specific efficacy against oral cancer and the role of its key components,particularly Cucurbitacin D,remain underexplored.Methods:The cytotoxic effects of SH003 and its major components—i.e.,Cucurbitacin D,Decursin,Formononetin,and Nodakenin—were evaluated using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide(MTT),Trypan Blue exclusion,and Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH)release assays.Cell migration was analyzed via wound healing assays,and apoptosis induction was assessed using cell cycle analysis and caspase activation assays.Epithelial-tomesenchymal transition(EMT)marker expression(E-cadherin and N-cadherin)was measured using Western blotting and Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR).Results:SH003 significantly reduced cell viability in a dosedependent manner,with YD-8 and YD-9 cells showing greater sensitivity than YD-38 cells.Of the individual compounds,Cucurbitacin D was identified as a key active agent,as it exhibited potent inhibition of cell migration and significant modulation of EMT markers,including the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin.These effects were most pronounced in YD-9 cells.Conclusions:Taken together,these findings suggest that Cucurbitacin D plays a crucial role mediating the anticancer activity of SH003,particularly via the reversal of EMT and the reduction of migratory and invasive potential of oral cancer cells.This study provides valuable insight into the mechanistic basis of SH003,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent against oral cancer.Further research,including in vivo studies and clinical trials,is needed to elucidate its precise mechanisms and potential applications against other cancer types.
基金supported by Chung Shan Medical University Hospital,Taiwan(CSH-2024-C-060).
文摘Background:Alisol A is a natural compound isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma,known for its diverse pharmacological activities,including anticancer and neuroprotective effects.This study aimed to explore the anticancer effects of Alisol A on oral cancer cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell viability was measured by MTT assay,cell cycle by flow cytometry,and apoptosis by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activation.Regulation of signaling pathways was analyzed using an apoptosis-related protein array,immunoblotting,and specific kinase inhibitors.Results:Alisol A reduced the viability of oral cancer cell lines,induced sub-G1 phase accumulation,and augmented the number of apoptotic cells.Protein array results indicated that Alisol A enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),while suppressing cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1(cIAP1)and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP)levels in SCC-9 cells.These changes were further confirmed in both SCC-9 and HSC-3 cells by immunoblotting.In addition,Alisol A triggered the activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3,as well as poly(ADPribose)polymerase(PARP)cleavage in both cell lines.Analysis of signaling pathways showed that mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)were significantly activated by Alisol A.Notably,inhibition of JNK and p38markedly reduced Alisol A-induced activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that Alisol A exerts potent anticancer effects on oral cancer cells by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis via activation of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways.These results suggest that Alisol A may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of oral cancer.
文摘Objective： To descript the incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer among Chinese population in 2011, and provide valuable data for oral cancer prevention and research. Methods： Data from 177 population-based cancer registries distributed in 28 provinces were accepted for this study after evaluation based on quality control criteria, covering a total of 175,310,169 populations and accounting for 13.01% of the overall national population in 2011. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated by area, gender and age groups. The numbers of new cases and deaths were estimated using the 5-year age-specific cancer incidence/mortality rates and the corresponding populations. The Chinese population in 2000 and World Segi＇s population were used for age-standardized rates. Results： The estimate of new cases diagnosed with oral cancer was 39,450 including 26,160 males and 13,290 females. The overall crude incidence rate for oral cancer was 2.93/100,000. The age-standardized rates by China （ASRcN） population and by World population （ASRwld） were 2.22/100,000 and 2.17/100,000, respectively. Among subjects aged 0-74 years, the cumulative incidence rate was 0.25%. The estimated number of oral cancer deaths of China in 2011 was 16,933, including 11,794 males and 5,139 females. The overall crude mortality rate was 1.26/I00,000, accounting for 0.80% of all cancer deaths. The ASRcN and ASP^Id for mortality were 0.90/100,000 and 0.89/100,000, respectively. Among subjects aged 0-74 years, the cumulative mortality rate was 0.10%. The incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer were much higher in males and urban areas than in females and rural areas. In addition, the incidence and mortality rates were increased by the raising of ages. Conclusions： Results in the study may have important roles for oral cancer prevention and research. Although oral cancer burden of China is not high, we must pay attention to this malignancy as well. In addition, further researches need to be done for primary and secondary prevention research of oral cancer, especially for the high risk population.
基金Supported by Grants From Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital,97-ND-006,the National Science Council,NSC97-2314-B-037-018,NSC 98-2314-B-037-004,and the Department of Health,Taiwan
文摘AIM： To explore the role of Helicobacter pylori （Hpylori） infection on the risk of digestive tract cancers. METHODS： In total, 199 oral squamous-cell carcinoma （SCC）, 317 esophagea! SCC, 196 gastric cardia and non-cardia adenocarcinoma and 240 colon adenocarcinoma patients were recruited for serum tests of Hpylori infection. Two hospital- and one community-based control groups were used for the comparisons. Hpylori seropositivity was determined by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method against Hpylori IgG. RESULTS： Presence of H pylori infection was significantly inversely associated with esophageal SCC [adjusted odds ratio （AOR）： 0.315-0.472, all P-value 〈 0.05] but positively associated with gastric adenocarcinoma （both cardia and non-cardia） （AOR： 1.636-3.060, all P-value 〈 0.05） in comparison to the three control groups. Similar results were not found in cancers of the oral cavity and colon. CONCLUSION： Our findings support the finding that H pylori seropositivity is inversely associated with esophageal SCC risk, but increases the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.
文摘The hypothesis that a dietary Supplement of selenium (Se) may reduce cancer risk was tested experimetally in humans. Patients with histories of basal/squarnous cell carcinomas of the skin were assigned randomly in double-blind fashion to dally oral supplements of either Seenriched yeast (200 μg Se/day), or a low-Se yeast placebo. A total of 1312 patients recruited in 1983-1990 were followed with regular dermatologic examinations through 1993 for a total of 8269 person-years of observation. Skin cancer diagnoses were confirmed histologically.Plasma Se concentration was determined at 6-12 months intervals. All deaths and patient-reported illnesses were recorded; reported cancers were confirmed and documented by consultation with the patient medical care providers. The results indicate that Se did not significantly affect the primary endpoints: incidences of recurrent basal/squarnous cell carcinomas of the skin. However, Setreatment was associated with reductions in several secondary endpoints:total mortality, mortality from all cancers combined, as well as the incidence of all cancers combined, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. The consistencies of these associations over time, between study clinics and for the leading cancer sltes strongly suggests benefits of Se-supplementation for this cohort of patients, supporting the hypopthesis that supplemental Se can reduce cancer risk. Although Se did no shown protective effects against nonmelanoma skin cancers, the suggested reductions in risks to other frequent cancers demand further evaluation in well controlled cliflical intervention trials
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect of erianin on the viability,migration,and invasion of KB cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell Counting Kit-8,colony formation,wound healing,and Transwell assays were used to determine the proliferation,migration,and invasion of oral cancer KB cells.Furthermore,malondialdehyde(MDA)and glutathione(GSH)levels were determined.Fluorescent probes were used to detect changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species and iron ions.Additionally,the expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins,NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1),heme oxygenase 1(HO-1),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were analyzed by Western blotting assays.Results:Erianin induced ferroptosis and inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of KB cells.Moreover,erianin decreased GSH level,increased MDA level,elevated intracellular ROS and Fe2+contents,and downregulated the expression of the ferroptosis-related proteins Nrf2,HO-1,GPX4,and FTH1 in KB cells.These effects of erianin were effectively reversed by a ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1.Conclusions:Erianin inhibits the proliferation,migration,and invasion of oral cancer cells and induces ferroptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway.Therefore,erianin may be a potential candidate for the treatment of oral cancer.
基金The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work under grant number(RGP 1/322/42)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2022R161)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.The authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at Umm Al-Qura University for supporting this work by Grant Code:(22UQU4310373DSR06).
文摘Oral cancer is the most commonly occurring‘head and neck cancers’across the globe.Most of the oral cancer cases are diagnosed at later stages due to absence of awareness among public.Since earlier identification of disease is essential for improved outcomes,Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)models are used in this regard.In this background,the current study introduces Artificial Intelligence with Deep Transfer Learning driven Oral Cancer detection and Classification Model(AIDTLOCCM).The primary goal of the proposed AIDTL-OCCM model is to diagnose oral cancer using AI and image processing techniques.The proposed AIDTL-OCCM model involves fuzzy-based contrast enhancement approach to perform data pre-processing.Followed by,the densely-connected networks(DenseNet-169)model is employed to produce a useful set of deep features.Moreover,Chimp Optimization Algorithm(COA)with Autoencoder(AE)model is applied for oral cancer detection and classification.Furthermore,COA is employed to determine optimal parameters involved in AE model.A wide range of experimental analyses was conducted on benchmark datasets and the results were investigated under several aspects.The extensive experimental analysis outcomes established the enhanced performance of AIDTLOCCM model compared to other approaches with a maximum accuracy of 90.08%.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission Research Project,No.2017-413
文摘BACKGROUND Oral cancer(OC)is the most common malignant tumor in the oral cavity,and is mainly seen in middle-aged and elderly men.At present,OC is mainly treated clinically by surgery or combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy;but recently,more and more studies have shown that the stress trauma caused by surgery and the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy seriously affect the prognosis of patients.AIM To determine the significance of 125I radioactive seed implantation on growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11)and programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)during treatment of OC.METHODS A total of 184 OC patients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from May 2015 to May 2017 were selected as the research subjects for prospective analysis.Of these patients,89 who received 125I radioactive seed implantation therapy were regarded as the research group(RG)and 95 patients who received surgical treatment were regarded as the control group(CG).The clinical efficacy,incidence of adverse reactions and changes in GDF11 and PD-1 before treatment(T0),2 wk after treatment(T1),4 wk after treatment(T2)and 6 wk after treatment(T3)were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The efficacy and recurrence rate in the RG were better than those in the CG(P<0.05),while the incidence of adverse reactions and survival rate were not different.There was no difference in GDF11 and PD-1 between the two groups at T0 and T1,but these factors were lower in the RG than in the CG at T2 and T3(P<0.05).Using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,GDF11 and PD-1 had good predictive value for efficacy and recurrence(P<0.001).CONCLUSION 125I radioactive seed implantation has clinical efficacy and can reduce the recurrence rate in patients with OC.This therapy has marked potential in clinical application.The detection of GDF11 and PD-1 in patients during treatment showed good predictive value for treatment efficacy and recurrence in OC patients,and may be potential targets for future OC treatment.
基金Supported by the Hebei Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Programme Project,No.2022428.
文摘BACKGROUND Oral cancer,which is caused by mucous membrane variation,represents a prevalent malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region,posing a significant threat to patients’lives and safety.While surgical intervention stands as a cornerstone treatment for oral cancer patients,it carries the risk of incomplete treatment or high rates of postoperative recurrence.Hence,a multifaceted approach incorporating diverse treatment modalities is essential to enhance patient prognosis.AIM To analyze the application effect of Tongluo Jiedu prescription as adjuvant therapy and its influence on patient prognosis in patients with oral cancer.METHODS Eighty oral cancer patients in our hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and control group by a random number table.The control group was treated with continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil.The observation group was additionally given Tongluo Jiadu prescription.The inflammatory stress level,peripheral blood T-cell subsets,and immune function of the two groups were subsequently observed.SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated lower levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein,and a higher level of tumor necrosis factor in comparison to the control group.After treatment,the immune function in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group.CONCLUSION Tongluo Jiedu prescription can improve the immune function and oxidative stress level of patients with oral cancer and accelerate the recovery process.
文摘Background:Oral cancer,a malignancy that is prevalent worldwide,is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)in circulating exosomes have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers.The role of miRNA let-7c-5p in oral cancer remains underexplored,and its potential involvement in tumorigenesis warrants comprehensive investigation.Methods:Serum samples from 30 patients with oral cancer and 20 healthy controls were used to isolate exosomes and quantify their RNA content.Isolation of the exosomes was confirmed through transmission electron microscopy.Quantitative PCR was used to assess the miRNA profiles.The effects of let-7c-5p and TAGLN overexpression on oral cancer cell viability,migration,and invasion were analyzed via CCK-8 and Transwell assays.Moreover,we conducted mRNA sequencing of exosomal RNA from exosomes overexpressing let-7c-5p to delineate the gene expression profile and identify potential let-7c-5p target genes.Results:let-7c-5p was upregulated in serumderived exosomes of patients with oral cancer.Overexpression of let-7c-5p in the TCA8113 and CAL-27 cell lines enhanced their proliferative,migratory,and invasive capacities,and overexpression of let-7c-5p cell-derived exosomes promoted oral cancer cell invasiveness.Exosomal mRNA sequencing revealed 2,551 differentially expressed genes between control cell-derived exosomes and overexpressed let-7c-5p cell-derived exosomes.We further identified TAGLN as a direct target of let-7c-5p,which has been implicated in modulating the oncogenic potential of oral cancer cells.Overexpression of TAGLN reverses the promoting role of let-7c-5p on oral cancer cells.Conclusion:Our findings highlight the role of exosomal let-7c-5p in enhancing oral cancer cell aggressiveness by downregulating TAGLN expression,highlighting its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy.
文摘Oral cancer(OC)is one of the most recurrent cancers in the head and neck squamous cancer(SCCHN)category.Recently,the genome-wide association studies(GWAS)have gained growing interest in the scientific community.GWAS have identified several pathways involved in the interactions among general risk factors and genomic variants affecting SCCHN.This systematic overview aims to critically evaluate the latest data reported within the scientific literature.The aim was to investigate the impact of genetic aspects on SCCHN onset and prognosis,involving other clinical and systemic co-factors.PubMed,Google Scholar,and Cancer Genetics Web databases have been systematically investigated for original articles published in the last two years,reporting studies on the main queries addressed in this work.This review also comparatively describes the impact of environmental and pathological co-factors in different types of cancers,clarifying and updating the role of genetic factors in SCCHN onset and development.The main outcomes reported may be helpful to drive clinicians towards their clinical evaluations for the most appropriate therapeutic approach in SCCHN.
文摘An association between Candida and oral cancer has long been discussed in the literature and in particular Candida albicans has been proposed to play a significant role in the development of oral cancer. Although this organism is a common member of the oral mucosa and can cause a variety of oral mucosal lesions, the exact mechanisms by which C. albicans potentially causes the development of malignant disease still require much research. We have undertaken an extensive literature search to understand pathogenicity of C. albicans, including its virulence factors, its interactions with the host immune, how a dysregulation of the immune response can result in malignancy, and how a potential C. albicans specific cytokine response may be involved in oral carcinogenesis. We present here a candid assessment of the role of Candida in oral carcinogenesis and a hypothetical model about how this may occur. Finally, we present potential future research which is necessary to elucidate this role.
文摘<b>Introduction:</b> Oral cancer is the third most prominent type of cancer in Bangladesh. During or after oral cancer treatment, immune-compromised cancer patients may be susceptible to an infection by multi-drug-resistant opportunistic microbes. This study aims to identify the prevalent microorganisms from the infected site of oral cancer patients and observe their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Clinical samples were collected from the infected sites of oral cancer patients and healthy people. The swabs collected were placed on nutrient agar slant, then incubated for 24 hours at 37ºC. Bacteria from the slant were inoculated in several selective media (Mannitol Salt Agar Media, KF Streptococcus Agar media, Cetrimide Agar, Eosin Methylene Blue Agar). Several biochemical tests identified opportunistic microorganisms. Finally, the antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. <b>Results:</b> The study found that 65.4% of microbes isolated from the patients’ oral cavities were Gram-negative bacteria, and 34.6% were Gram-positive bacteria. Among the patient group isolates (n = 55), the most prevalent organism was <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (30;54.54%). Others were <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. (27;49.09%), <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (24;43.63%), <i>E. coli</i> (14;25.45%), <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (14;25.45%), <i>Proteus</i> spp. (12;21.8%) and <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. (6;10.90%). Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes from the patient group have shown high resistance to the commonly used antibiotics. In the control group (n = 50), the most prevalent organism was <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (15;30%). Other organisms were <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (6;12%), <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. (11;22%), <i>E. coli</i> (3;6%), <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (14;25.45%), <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (8;16%). The microbes of the control group showed less resistance to the antibiotics and rather showed sensitivity to them. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study revealed a high prevalence of multi-drug-resistant opportunistic microbes on immune-compromised oral cancer patients compared to microbes isolated from healthy people’s oral cavity.
文摘Aim To analyse the cytomorphological features of kerati- nocytes in smears obtained from the oral mucosa of tobacco users and from oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. Methodology Oral smears were obtained from clinically, normal appearing mucosa of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients （n=20） and from the mucosa of smokers （n=20）, and apparently healthy individuals （n=20） were used as controls. The smears were histochemically stained and cytomorphological assessment of the keratinocytes was carried out. One-way ANOVA （Analysis of Variance） was used for comparing the parameters among multiple groups and Tukey-HSD test was used to compare the mean values between groups. Results The mean nuclear area of keratinocytes from the mucosa of tobacco users was 46 ± 2.57 and that of the oral squamous cell carcinoma lesion was 81.54±4.31. While there was a significant （P=0.001） reduction in the cellular area of keratinocytes from oral squamous cell carcinoma lesion when compared with those from oral smears of tobacco users. Conclusion Cytomorphometric analysis of keratinocytes can serve as a useful adjunct in the early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinomas.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970513 to G.S.)the Central Government's Guide to Local Science and Technology Development Fund(YDZJSX2022A060 to G.S.)+2 种基金the special funds for Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province(202204051002032 to G.S.)the Shanxi Province Higher Education"BillionProject"Science and Technology Guidance Project(BYJLO16 to G.S.)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(20210302124093 to J.G.).
文摘miR-504 plays a pivotal role in the progression of oral cancer.However,the underlying mechanism remains elusive in vivo.Here,we find that miR-504 is significantly down-regulated in oral cancer patients.We generate miR-504 knockout mice(miR-504^(-/-))using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to investigate its impact on the malignant progression of oral cancer under exposure to 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide(4NQO).We show that the deletion of miR-504 does not affect phenotypic characteristics,body weight,reproductive performance,and survival in mice,but results in changes in the blood physiological and biochemical indexes of the mice.Moreover,with 4NQO treatment,miR-504^(-/-)mice exhibit more pronounced pathological changes char-acteristic of oral cancer.RNA sequencing shows that the differentially expressed genes observed in samples from miR-504^(-/-)mice with oral cancer are involved in regulating cell metabolism,cytokine acti-vation,and lipid metabolism-related pathways.Additionally,these differentially expressed genes are significantly enriched in lipid metabolism pathways that influence immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment,thereby accelerating tumor development progression.Collectively,our results suggest that knockout of miR-504 accelerates malignant progression in 4NQO-induced oral cancer by regulating tumor cell proliferation and lipid metabolism,affecting immune cell infiltration.
基金founded by Elfarouq Foundation(a small charity).
文摘The Yes-associated protein(YAP)is a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway and acts as a key transcription co-factor to regulate cell migration,proliferation,and survival.The Hippo pathway is evolutionarily conserved and controls tissue growth and organ size.Dysregulation and heterogeneity of this pathway are found in cancers,including oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),leading to overexpression of YAP and its regulated proliferation machinery.The activity of YAP is associated with its nuclear expression and is negatively regulated by the Hippo kinase-mediated phosphorylation resulting in an induction of its cytoplasmic translocation.This review focuses on the role of YAP in OSCC in the context of cancer metastatic potential and highlights the latestfindings about the heterogeneity of YAP expression and its nuclear transcription activity in oral cancer cell lines.The review also discusses the potential target of YAP in oral cancer therapy and the recentfinding of the unprecedented role of the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-3(DSG3)in regulating Hippo-YAP signaling.
