It is particularly important to comprehensively assess the biotoxicity variation of industrial wastewater along the treatment process for ensuring the water environment security.However,intensive studies on the biotox...It is particularly important to comprehensively assess the biotoxicity variation of industrial wastewater along the treatment process for ensuring the water environment security.However,intensive studies on the biotoxicity reduction of industrial wastewater are still limited.In this study,the toxic organics removal and biotoxicity reduction of coal chemical wastewater(CCW)along a novel full-scale treatment process based on the pretreatment process-anaerobic process-biological enhanced(BE)process-anoxic/oxic(A/O)process-advanced treatment process was evaluated.This process performed great removal efficiency of COD,total phenol,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total nitrogen.And the biotoxicity variation along the treatment units was analyzed from the perspective of acute biotoxicity,genotixicity and oxidative damage.The results indicated that the effluent of pretreatment process presented relatively high acute biotoxicity to Tetrahymena thermophila.But the acute biotoxicity was significantly reduced in BE-A/O process.And the genotoxicity and oxidative damage to Tetrahymena thermophila were significantly decreased after advanced treatment.The polar organics in CCW were identified as the main biotoxicity contributors.Phenols were positively correlated with acute biotoxicity,while the nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were positively correlated with genotoxicity.Although the biotoxicity was effectively reduced in the novel full-scale treatment process,the effluent still performed potential biotoxicity,which need to be further explored in order to reduce environmental risk.展开更多
The current research and development of magnesium alloys is summarized. Several aspects of magnesium alloys are described： cast Mg alloy, wrought Mg alloy, and novel processing. The subjects are discussed individuall...The current research and development of magnesium alloys is summarized. Several aspects of magnesium alloys are described： cast Mg alloy, wrought Mg alloy, and novel processing. The subjects are discussed individually and recommendations for further study are listed in the final section.展开更多
Mg and its alloys are the lightest structural metals available and are extremely attractive for applications as lightweight components,particularly in the automobile,electronic,and aerospace industries.The global mark...Mg and its alloys are the lightest structural metals available and are extremely attractive for applications as lightweight components,particularly in the automobile,electronic,and aerospace industries.The global market for wrought Mg alloys has steadily expanded over the past decade.And numerous studies have been carried out to meet this increasing demand of high-performance Mg alloys.However,Mg extrusion alloys have had a very limited usage so far.To overcome existing industrial challenges,one desirable approach is the development of low-cost rare earth(RE)free Mg extrusion alloys with superior mechanical properties.This review will introduce the recent research highlights in the extrusion of Mg alloys,specifi cally focusing on low-cost RE-free Mg alloy.The results from both the literature and our previous study are summarized and critically reviewed.Several aspects of RE-free Mg extrusion alloys are described in detail:(1)novel alloying designs including Mg–Al-,Mg–Zn-,Mg–Ca-,Mg–Sn-,and Mg–Bi-based alloys,(2)advanced extrusion techniques,and(3)extrusion-related severe plastic deformation(SPD)processing.Accordingly,considering the large gap in mechanical properties between the current RE-free Mg alloys and high-performance aluminum alloys,new alloy design,processing route control,and recommendations for future research on RE-free Mg extrusion alloys are also proposed.We hope this review will not only off er insightful information regarding the extrusion of RE-free Mg alloys but also inspire the development of new Mg extrusion technologies.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2021QE227)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2021QE272)+1 种基金the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.ES202120)the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province,China(No.tsqn201812091)。
文摘It is particularly important to comprehensively assess the biotoxicity variation of industrial wastewater along the treatment process for ensuring the water environment security.However,intensive studies on the biotoxicity reduction of industrial wastewater are still limited.In this study,the toxic organics removal and biotoxicity reduction of coal chemical wastewater(CCW)along a novel full-scale treatment process based on the pretreatment process-anaerobic process-biological enhanced(BE)process-anoxic/oxic(A/O)process-advanced treatment process was evaluated.This process performed great removal efficiency of COD,total phenol,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total nitrogen.And the biotoxicity variation along the treatment units was analyzed from the perspective of acute biotoxicity,genotixicity and oxidative damage.The results indicated that the effluent of pretreatment process presented relatively high acute biotoxicity to Tetrahymena thermophila.But the acute biotoxicity was significantly reduced in BE-A/O process.And the genotoxicity and oxidative damage to Tetrahymena thermophila were significantly decreased after advanced treatment.The polar organics in CCW were identified as the main biotoxicity contributors.Phenols were positively correlated with acute biotoxicity,while the nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were positively correlated with genotoxicity.Although the biotoxicity was effectively reduced in the novel full-scale treatment process,the effluent still performed potential biotoxicity,which need to be further explored in order to reduce environmental risk.
基金the Chinese Foundation Research ProjectionMagnesium Elektron Ltd. and the Manchester Materials Science Center of University of Manchester.
文摘The current research and development of magnesium alloys is summarized. Several aspects of magnesium alloys are described： cast Mg alloy, wrought Mg alloy, and novel processing. The subjects are discussed individually and recommendations for further study are listed in the final section.
基金International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China(2014DFG52810)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51571043)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(106112015CDJZR135515)
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51701060 and 51601181)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.E2016202130)and Tianjin city(No.18JCQNJC03900)+1 种基金the Graduate Student Outstanding Innovation Project of Hebei Province(Grant No.CXZZBS2018030)the Joint Doctoral Training Foundation of HEBUT(Grant No.2018HW0008)
文摘Mg and its alloys are the lightest structural metals available and are extremely attractive for applications as lightweight components,particularly in the automobile,electronic,and aerospace industries.The global market for wrought Mg alloys has steadily expanded over the past decade.And numerous studies have been carried out to meet this increasing demand of high-performance Mg alloys.However,Mg extrusion alloys have had a very limited usage so far.To overcome existing industrial challenges,one desirable approach is the development of low-cost rare earth(RE)free Mg extrusion alloys with superior mechanical properties.This review will introduce the recent research highlights in the extrusion of Mg alloys,specifi cally focusing on low-cost RE-free Mg alloy.The results from both the literature and our previous study are summarized and critically reviewed.Several aspects of RE-free Mg extrusion alloys are described in detail:(1)novel alloying designs including Mg–Al-,Mg–Zn-,Mg–Ca-,Mg–Sn-,and Mg–Bi-based alloys,(2)advanced extrusion techniques,and(3)extrusion-related severe plastic deformation(SPD)processing.Accordingly,considering the large gap in mechanical properties between the current RE-free Mg alloys and high-performance aluminum alloys,new alloy design,processing route control,and recommendations for future research on RE-free Mg extrusion alloys are also proposed.We hope this review will not only off er insightful information regarding the extrusion of RE-free Mg alloys but also inspire the development of new Mg extrusion technologies.
