Edge computing is swiftly gaining traction and is being standardised by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI)as Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC).Simultaneously,oneM2M has been actively developing s...Edge computing is swiftly gaining traction and is being standardised by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI)as Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC).Simultaneously,oneM2M has been actively developing standards for dynamic data management and IoT services at the edge,particularly for applications that require real-time support and security.Integrating MEC and oneM2M offers a unique opportunity to maximize their individual strengths.Therefore,this article proposes a framework that integrates MEC and oneM2M standard platforms for IoT applications,demonstrating how the synergy of these architectures can leverage the geographically distributed computing resources at base stations,enabling efficient deployment and added value for time-sensitive IoT applications.In addition,this study offers a concept of potential interworking models between oneM2M and the MEC architectures.The adoption of these standard architectures can enable various IoT edge services,such as smart city mobility and real-time analytics functions,by leveraging the oneM2M common service layer instantiated on the MEC host.展开更多
In the era of rapid development of Internet of Things(IoT),numerous machine-to-machine technologies have been applied to the industrial domain.Due to the divergence of IoT solutions,the industry is faced with a need t...In the era of rapid development of Internet of Things(IoT),numerous machine-to-machine technologies have been applied to the industrial domain.Due to the divergence of IoT solutions,the industry is faced with a need to apply various technologies for automation and control.This fact leads to a demand for an establishing interworking mechanism which would allow smooth interoperability between heterogeneous devices.One of the major protocols widely used today in industrial electronic devices is Modbus.However,data generated by Modbus devices cannot be understood by IoT applications using different protocols,so it should be applied in a couple with an IoT service layer platform.oneM2M,a global IoT standard,can play the role of interconnecting various protocols,as it provides flexible tools suitable for building an interworking framework for industrial services.Therefore,in this paper,we propose an interworking architecture between devices working on the Modbus protocol and an IoT platform implemented based on oneM2M standards.In the proposed architecture,we introduce the way to model Modbus data as oneM2M resources,rules to map them to each other,procedures required to establish interoperable communication,and optimization methods for this architecture.We analyze our solution and provide an evaluation by implementing it based on a solar power management use case.The results demonstrate that our model is feasible and can be applied to real case scenarios.展开更多
The purpose of this study was of two-fold： firstly to estimate the handgfip strength oflndian inter-university handball players and, secondly to search the correlations of it with selected anthropometric variables an...The purpose of this study was of two-fold： firstly to estimate the handgfip strength oflndian inter-university handball players and, secondly to search the correlations of it with selected anthropometric variables and flexibility measure. To serve this purpose, a total of eight anthropometric variables, such as height, weight, body mass index, upper arm length, forearm length, total arm length, hand length and hand breadth, flexibility measure such as, sit and reach test, and right and left handgrip strength were measured on purposely selected 150 Indian inter-university handball players aged 18-25 years collected from the inter-university competition held in Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India during September, 2013. An adequate number of controls （n = 102） were also taken from the same place for comparisons. The results showed statistically significant between-group differences （P 〈 0.006-0.001） among the male and female handball players and controls in all the variables studied. Statistically significant positive correlations （P _〈 0.023-0.001） of both right and left handgrip strength were found with all the variables studied, except BMI, in Indian inter-university handball players. In conclusion, it may be stated that handgrip strength may be used as one of the indicating factors for physical strength as well as the flexibility measure of the handball players.展开更多
The widespread usage of clean and sustainable energy sources is leading to a significant transformation of the world’s energy systems. Over-reliance on only the national grid energy system has made institutions fail ...The widespread usage of clean and sustainable energy sources is leading to a significant transformation of the world’s energy systems. Over-reliance on only the national grid energy system has made institutions fail to sustain energy systems. The council is only connected to the national grid electricity supply system, with diesel generators as the only alternative, which is unhealthy and unsafe. Surprisingly, even with such alternatives, power shortages have persisted despite government efforts to provide a solution to the shortages by installing numerous off-grid systems. Due to such a situation, the council would construct a sustainable energy system as a remedy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to establish critical success factors influencing the implementation of a sustainable energy system at the Inter-University Council of East Africa (IUCEA) Head Quarters, Kampala-Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design was used;a sample size of 84 participants was selected. Questionnaire survey and interview methods were utilized. The study found that the most significant (p < 0.05) critical factors in the implementation of sustainable energy in institutions are;the use of innovative technologies and infrastructure, the use of efficient zero emissions for heating and cooling, integration of renewable energy use in the existing buildings, building and renovating in an energy-efficient way, integrating regional energy systems, improving energy efficiency in the buildings, enhanced zero emission power technologies, energy efficient equipment in place and stakeholder empowerment in energy management. This study concludes that institutions like;the Inter-University Council of East Africa (IUCEA) need to clearly state policies and actions of energy management. The roles and responsibilities of each member have to be clearly stated while capturing the activities involved in energy conservation, energy security and energy efficiency.展开更多
介绍列车数字无线调度通信系统(Digital Radio communication system for Train Dispatching,DRTD)对既有450 MHz列调通信的兼容方案,包括地面和车载设备方案、多制式通话互通方案、操作台兼容操作方案、数据业务及C T C系统接口适配方...介绍列车数字无线调度通信系统(Digital Radio communication system for Train Dispatching,DRTD)对既有450 MHz列调通信的兼容方案,包括地面和车载设备方案、多制式通话互通方案、操作台兼容操作方案、数据业务及C T C系统接口适配方案等多个层面,以便满足普速铁路450 MHz列调系统数字化改造及其过渡期的运营需求。展开更多
基金supported by the Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)-Information Technology Research Center(ITRC)grant funded by the Korea government(IITP-2025-RS-2021-II211816)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant(NRF-2023R1A2C1004453)+3 种基金funded by the European Union’s HORIZON-JUSNS-2023 HE research and innovation program(6G-Path project,Grant No.101139172)the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program(aerOS project,Grant No.101069732)supported by the ESTIMED project,conducted by the ETSI Specialist Task Force 685(STF 685)funded by the European Commission(EC)and the European Free Trade Association(EFTA).
文摘Edge computing is swiftly gaining traction and is being standardised by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI)as Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC).Simultaneously,oneM2M has been actively developing standards for dynamic data management and IoT services at the edge,particularly for applications that require real-time support and security.Integrating MEC and oneM2M offers a unique opportunity to maximize their individual strengths.Therefore,this article proposes a framework that integrates MEC and oneM2M standard platforms for IoT applications,demonstrating how the synergy of these architectures can leverage the geographically distributed computing resources at base stations,enabling efficient deployment and added value for time-sensitive IoT applications.In addition,this study offers a concept of potential interworking models between oneM2M and the MEC architectures.The adoption of these standard architectures can enable various IoT edge services,such as smart city mobility and real-time analytics functions,by leveraging the oneM2M common service layer instantiated on the MEC host.
基金the support of the Korea Research Foundation with the funding of the Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology(No.2018-0-88457,development of translucent solar cells and Internet of Things technology for Solar Signage).
文摘In the era of rapid development of Internet of Things(IoT),numerous machine-to-machine technologies have been applied to the industrial domain.Due to the divergence of IoT solutions,the industry is faced with a need to apply various technologies for automation and control.This fact leads to a demand for an establishing interworking mechanism which would allow smooth interoperability between heterogeneous devices.One of the major protocols widely used today in industrial electronic devices is Modbus.However,data generated by Modbus devices cannot be understood by IoT applications using different protocols,so it should be applied in a couple with an IoT service layer platform.oneM2M,a global IoT standard,can play the role of interconnecting various protocols,as it provides flexible tools suitable for building an interworking framework for industrial services.Therefore,in this paper,we propose an interworking architecture between devices working on the Modbus protocol and an IoT platform implemented based on oneM2M standards.In the proposed architecture,we introduce the way to model Modbus data as oneM2M resources,rules to map them to each other,procedures required to establish interoperable communication,and optimization methods for this architecture.We analyze our solution and provide an evaluation by implementing it based on a solar power management use case.The results demonstrate that our model is feasible and can be applied to real case scenarios.
文摘The purpose of this study was of two-fold： firstly to estimate the handgfip strength oflndian inter-university handball players and, secondly to search the correlations of it with selected anthropometric variables and flexibility measure. To serve this purpose, a total of eight anthropometric variables, such as height, weight, body mass index, upper arm length, forearm length, total arm length, hand length and hand breadth, flexibility measure such as, sit and reach test, and right and left handgrip strength were measured on purposely selected 150 Indian inter-university handball players aged 18-25 years collected from the inter-university competition held in Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India during September, 2013. An adequate number of controls （n = 102） were also taken from the same place for comparisons. The results showed statistically significant between-group differences （P 〈 0.006-0.001） among the male and female handball players and controls in all the variables studied. Statistically significant positive correlations （P _〈 0.023-0.001） of both right and left handgrip strength were found with all the variables studied, except BMI, in Indian inter-university handball players. In conclusion, it may be stated that handgrip strength may be used as one of the indicating factors for physical strength as well as the flexibility measure of the handball players.
文摘The widespread usage of clean and sustainable energy sources is leading to a significant transformation of the world’s energy systems. Over-reliance on only the national grid energy system has made institutions fail to sustain energy systems. The council is only connected to the national grid electricity supply system, with diesel generators as the only alternative, which is unhealthy and unsafe. Surprisingly, even with such alternatives, power shortages have persisted despite government efforts to provide a solution to the shortages by installing numerous off-grid systems. Due to such a situation, the council would construct a sustainable energy system as a remedy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to establish critical success factors influencing the implementation of a sustainable energy system at the Inter-University Council of East Africa (IUCEA) Head Quarters, Kampala-Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design was used;a sample size of 84 participants was selected. Questionnaire survey and interview methods were utilized. The study found that the most significant (p < 0.05) critical factors in the implementation of sustainable energy in institutions are;the use of innovative technologies and infrastructure, the use of efficient zero emissions for heating and cooling, integration of renewable energy use in the existing buildings, building and renovating in an energy-efficient way, integrating regional energy systems, improving energy efficiency in the buildings, enhanced zero emission power technologies, energy efficient equipment in place and stakeholder empowerment in energy management. This study concludes that institutions like;the Inter-University Council of East Africa (IUCEA) need to clearly state policies and actions of energy management. The roles and responsibilities of each member have to be clearly stated while capturing the activities involved in energy conservation, energy security and energy efficiency.
文摘介绍列车数字无线调度通信系统(Digital Radio communication system for Train Dispatching,DRTD)对既有450 MHz列调通信的兼容方案,包括地面和车载设备方案、多制式通话互通方案、操作台兼容操作方案、数据业务及C T C系统接口适配方案等多个层面,以便满足普速铁路450 MHz列调系统数字化改造及其过渡期的运营需求。
