In recent years, the Chinese government has highlighted the importance of adopting hog safety/quality traceability, and a growing amount of research continues to entice firms to adopt traceability systems. In this stu...In recent years, the Chinese government has highlighted the importance of adopting hog safety/quality traceability, and a growing amount of research continues to entice firms to adopt traceability systems. In this study, a survey was conducted on a sample of pig slaughtering and processing firms in Zhejiang, China through personal interviews and emails. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of firm behavior on the implementation of voluntary traceability systems with more stringent standards and controls than those of the mandatory system in China. The results revealed that motivation based on product quality improvement, capital ability and role perception （business type） had significantly positive relationships with a firm＇s voluntary traceability. Other incentives, such as operation improvement, recall risk reduction, reduced occurrence of safety issues, and technical strength were not found to be supportive in our study. This study provides an opportunity to better understand the determinants of firm behavior on voluntary traceability, particularly in light of the fact that some Chinese firms are facing the threat of criminal action for the use of illegal additives and the abuse of Clenbuterol. Policy recommendations on encouraging the implementation of pork safety voluntary traceability by hog slaughtering and processing firms are also discussed.展开更多
The biological performance of Ti-6Al-4V implant is primarily determined by their surface properties.However,traditional surface modification methods,such as acid etching,hardly make improvement in their osseointegrati...The biological performance of Ti-6Al-4V implant is primarily determined by their surface properties.However,traditional surface modification methods,such as acid etching,hardly make improvement in their osseointegration ability and antibacterial capacity.In this study,we prepared a multi-scale composite structure coated with zinc oxide(ZnO)on Ti-6Al-4V implant by an innovative technology of two-step laser processing combined with solution-assistant.Compared with the acid etching method,the physicochemical properties of surface significantly improved.The in vitro results showed that the particular dimension of micro-nano structure and the multifaceted nature of ZnO synergistically affected MC3T3-E1 osteogenesis and bacterial activities:(1)The surface morphology showed a‘contact guidance'effect on cell arrangement,which was conducive to the adhesion of filopodia and cell spreading,and the osteogenesis level of MC3T3-E1 was enhanced due to the release of zinc ions(Zn^(2+));(2)the characterization of bacterial response revealed that periodic nanostructures and Zn^(2+)released could cause damage to the cell wall of E.coli and reduce the adhesion and aggregation of S.aureus.In conclusion,the modified surface showed a synergistic effect of physical topography and chemical composition,making this a promising method and providing new insight into bone defect repairment.展开更多
In order to deal with the problem that exists in current teaching of English writing,this thesis aims to explore a new process writing approach which combines process-based approach with portfolios assessment.
Effect of several complex inoculants on mechanical properties, process-ability and sensibility of grey cast iron used in cylinder block were investigated. The experimental results showed that the grey cast iron treate...Effect of several complex inoculants on mechanical properties, process-ability and sensibility of grey cast iron used in cylinder block were investigated. The experimental results showed that the grey cast iron treated with 60%FeSi75+40%RE complex inoculants has tensile strength consistently at about 295 MPa along with good hardness and improved metallurgy quality. While the grey cast iron inoculated with 20%FeSi75+80%Sr compound inoculants has the best process-ability, the lowest cross-section sensibility and the least microhardness difference. The wear amount of the drill increases correspondingly with the increase of the microhardness difference of matrix structure, indicating the great effect of homogeneousness of matrix structure in the grey cast iron on the machinability of the grey cast iron.展开更多
Extreme weather and climate events research needs concepts to analytically capture processes that describe how extreme they are: depth of impact but mainly also temporal aspects such as length, speed and quality of re...Extreme weather and climate events research needs concepts to analytically capture processes that describe how extreme they are: depth of impact but mainly also temporal aspects such as length, speed and quality of recovery. This paper analyses resilience as a concept to provide these dimensions. The use of the term resilience proliferates in many contexts and disciplines. Interpretations may overlap or even contradict each other. This paper seeks to make a case for a more nuanced understanding of resilience, including the use of “qualifier adjectives” to emphasize differences. Starting from the original etymological meaning of resilience as “bouncing back” the paper aims an innovative (re)conceptualization to facilitate the practical use of resilience in disaster risk management. It is recommended to distinguish between resilience as ability, being a hazard independent pre-disposition for recovery, and resilience as a process, describing different bouncing back and bouncing forward mechanisms inherent in the different recovery phases. This proposed distinction would enable the assessment of recovery abilities before calamities occur and hence could serve as guide to disaster preparedness programmes. The suggested analysis of resilience as a process would open opportunities to use the concept describing preemptive resilience response (presilience), recovery as bouncing back towards a state preceding the hazard event, as well as progressive resilience (prosilience) as bouncing forward and transition of the disaster recovery phase into adaptation and further development.展开更多
Objective: to study the clinical effect of modified tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in acute cerebral infarction and its improvement on patients viability. Methods: 74 patients with acute cerebral infarction...Objective: to study the clinical effect of modified tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in acute cerebral infarction and its improvement on patients viability. Methods: 74 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were collected and divided into two groups according to the date of admission. The control group (37 cases) received routine first aid and the observation group (37 cases) received first aid by applying the improved first aid nursing process. The first aid time, clinical curative effect, prognosis level and living ability of the two groups were compared. Results: the time of triage, referral, blood collection, CT examination and rescue in the observation group was significantly shortened (P < 0.05). The scores of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Glasgow (GOS) were higher than those of the control group (GOS), while the scores of National Institutes of Health (NIHSS) were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The results showed that the total therapeutic effect of the treatment group was 91.89%, which was higher than that of the control group 72.97% (p < 0.05). After emergency treatment, simple Fugl-Meyers motor ability assessment (FMA) and daily living ability (ADL) scores were higher than those of the normal population (P<0.05). Conclusion: the application of improved first aid nursing process in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction with rt-PA can shorten the first aid time, improve the curative effect, and help to further promote the recovery of patients ability to live.展开更多
The mold-filling ability of alloy mclt in squceze casting process was evaluated by means of the maximum length of Archimedes spiral line. A theoretical evaluating model to predict the maximum filling length was built ...The mold-filling ability of alloy mclt in squceze casting process was evaluated by means of the maximum length of Archimedes spiral line. A theoretical evaluating model to predict the maximum filling length was built based on the flowing theory of the incompressible viscous fluid. It was proved by experiments and calculations that the mold-tilling pressure and velocity are prominent influencing factors on the mold-filling ability of alloy melt. The mold-filling ability increases with the increase of the mold-filling pressure and the decrease of the proper mold-filling velocity. Moreover, the pouring temperature relatively has less effect on the mold-filling ability under the experimental conditions. The maximum deviation of theoretical calculating values with experimental results is less than 15%. The model can quantitatively estimate the effect of every factor on the mold-filling ability.展开更多
The mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy has very important effects onthe quality and properties of the work pieces produced by the semisolid forming process. Thefactorial experiments show that all of the heati...The mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy has very important effects onthe quality and properties of the work pieces produced by the semisolid forming process. Thefactorial experiments show that all of the heating factors, such as mold temperature, heatingtemperature and the keeping time of billets, have some effects on the mold-filling ability ofsemisolid alloy. According to the analysis of influencing extent on the filling ability, it is foundthat the most important one of the factors is the mold temperature instead of the billetstemperature, the next one is the heating temperature of the billet, and the keeping time rows on thethird. It is also found that there is an interrelation between the billet heating temperature andthe mold temperature. The effect of the interrelation on the mold-filling ability is even strongerthan the keeping time. The higher the mold temperature, heating temperature or the keeping time is,the better the mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy is. The parameter to describe themold-filling ability, defined as the maximum filling height along the uptight direction or themaximum filling length along the horizontal direction, can be theoretically determined according tothe flowing theory of viscous fluid.展开更多
针对当下本科生学习能力影响因素问题,提出基于层次分析法和熵权法(Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method,AHP-EWM)的学习能力评价模型。通过阅读文献和调研对影响学习能力的因素进行结构化梳理,从知识掌握、自主学习...针对当下本科生学习能力影响因素问题,提出基于层次分析法和熵权法(Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method,AHP-EWM)的学习能力评价模型。通过阅读文献和调研对影响学习能力的因素进行结构化梳理,从知识掌握、自主学习、实践应用及学习素养4个方面,构建影响学习能力的评价指标体系及组合权重数学模型。调研某学院本科生的实例权重值计算,确定知识整合能力、社会化应用及实践成果等二级指标是影响学生学习能力的最主要因素。展开更多
Two different grinding processes were examined to determine the effect grinding has on the quality of a CWS. A series of slurries was prepared from Australian (Au) and Chinese (YZ) coals. Both types of coal were groun...Two different grinding processes were examined to determine the effect grinding has on the quality of a CWS. A series of slurries was prepared from Australian (Au) and Chinese (YZ) coals. Both types of coal were ground by a Chinese (CUMT) and an Australian (JK) grinding process. The performance tests of the prepared CWS showed that fluidity of all slurries was acceptable. The concentration of the CWS from YZ coal ground by the CUMT grinding process was higher than when the JK grinding process was used. The highest concentration was 70.14% in this case. The concentration of the CWS prepared from Au coal by the JK grinding process was higher than when the CUMT grinding process was used. The highest con- centration in this case was 70.97%. These differences are caused by the particle size distribution devel- oped during the different grinding processes.展开更多
The use of Internet of Things(IoT)applications become dominant in many systems.Its on-chip data processing and computations are also increasing consistently.The battery enabled and low leakage memory system at subthre...The use of Internet of Things(IoT)applications become dominant in many systems.Its on-chip data processing and computations are also increasing consistently.The battery enabled and low leakage memory system at subthreshold regime is a critical requirement for these IoT applications.The cache memory designed on Static Random-Access Memory(SRAM)cell with features such as low power,high speed,and process tolerance are highly important for the IoT memory system.Therefore,a process tolerant SRAM cell with low power,improved delay and better stability is presented in this research paper.The proposed cell comprises 11 transistors designed with symmetric approach for write operations and single ended circuit for read operations that exhibits an average dynamic power saving of 43.55%and 47.75%for write and 35.59%and 36.56%for read operations compared to 6 T and 8 T SRAM cells.The cell shows an improved write delay of 26.46%and 37.16%over 6 T and 8T and read delay is lowered by 50.64%and 72.90%against 6 T and 10 T cells.The symmetric design used in core latch to improve the write noise margin(WNM)by 17.78%and 6.67%whereas the single ended separate read circuit improves the Read Static Noise Margin(RSNM)by 1.88x and 0.33x compared to 6 T and 8T cells.The read power delay product and write power delay product are lower by 1.94x,1.39x and 0.17x,2.02x than 6 T and 8 T cells respectively.The lower variability from 5000 samples validates the robustness of the proposed cell.The simulations are carried out in Cadence virtuoso simulator tool with Generic Process Design Kit(GPDK)45 nm technology file in this work.展开更多
After joining in WTO,Chinese enterprises face more intense competitive environments. The problems, such as many foreign capital enterprises swarming into China, increasing market competitive ability, keeping on nation...After joining in WTO,Chinese enterprises face more intense competitive environments. The problems, such as many foreign capital enterprises swarming into China, increasing market competitive ability, keeping on national and international market, have become more serious to enterprise’s decision maker. At the same time, the information technology is developing quickly, then business process re engineering will become valid path for enterprise increasing market competitive ability. As a case study, this paper applies Business Process Re engineering(BPR) approach to analyze a Chinese company.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71273234)the Development of Chinese Farmer Cooperatives under Globalization:Operation Pattern,Governance Structure+2 种基金Comparative Analysis under National Natural Science Foundation of China(71020107028)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ12G03003)Extending Agricultural Standardization and Study on the Management System of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety under Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Government Office for the Coordination of Agricultural Product Safety
文摘In recent years, the Chinese government has highlighted the importance of adopting hog safety/quality traceability, and a growing amount of research continues to entice firms to adopt traceability systems. In this study, a survey was conducted on a sample of pig slaughtering and processing firms in Zhejiang, China through personal interviews and emails. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of firm behavior on the implementation of voluntary traceability systems with more stringent standards and controls than those of the mandatory system in China. The results revealed that motivation based on product quality improvement, capital ability and role perception （business type） had significantly positive relationships with a firm＇s voluntary traceability. Other incentives, such as operation improvement, recall risk reduction, reduced occurrence of safety issues, and technical strength were not found to be supportive in our study. This study provides an opportunity to better understand the determinants of firm behavior on voluntary traceability, particularly in light of the fact that some Chinese firms are facing the threat of criminal action for the use of illegal additives and the abuse of Clenbuterol. Policy recommendations on encouraging the implementation of pork safety voluntary traceability by hog slaughtering and processing firms are also discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51975336)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2020JMRH0202)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172282)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690106)。
文摘The biological performance of Ti-6Al-4V implant is primarily determined by their surface properties.However,traditional surface modification methods,such as acid etching,hardly make improvement in their osseointegration ability and antibacterial capacity.In this study,we prepared a multi-scale composite structure coated with zinc oxide(ZnO)on Ti-6Al-4V implant by an innovative technology of two-step laser processing combined with solution-assistant.Compared with the acid etching method,the physicochemical properties of surface significantly improved.The in vitro results showed that the particular dimension of micro-nano structure and the multifaceted nature of ZnO synergistically affected MC3T3-E1 osteogenesis and bacterial activities:(1)The surface morphology showed a‘contact guidance'effect on cell arrangement,which was conducive to the adhesion of filopodia and cell spreading,and the osteogenesis level of MC3T3-E1 was enhanced due to the release of zinc ions(Zn^(2+));(2)the characterization of bacterial response revealed that periodic nanostructures and Zn^(2+)released could cause damage to the cell wall of E.coli and reduce the adhesion and aggregation of S.aureus.In conclusion,the modified surface showed a synergistic effect of physical topography and chemical composition,making this a promising method and providing new insight into bone defect repairment.
文摘In order to deal with the problem that exists in current teaching of English writing,this thesis aims to explore a new process writing approach which combines process-based approach with portfolios assessment.
基金The paper is supported by the key Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(0424290064) the fund items of Henan Province Natural Science( 0411050100).
文摘Effect of several complex inoculants on mechanical properties, process-ability and sensibility of grey cast iron used in cylinder block were investigated. The experimental results showed that the grey cast iron treated with 60%FeSi75+40%RE complex inoculants has tensile strength consistently at about 295 MPa along with good hardness and improved metallurgy quality. While the grey cast iron inoculated with 20%FeSi75+80%Sr compound inoculants has the best process-ability, the lowest cross-section sensibility and the least microhardness difference. The wear amount of the drill increases correspondingly with the increase of the microhardness difference of matrix structure, indicating the great effect of homogeneousness of matrix structure in the grey cast iron on the machinability of the grey cast iron.
文摘Extreme weather and climate events research needs concepts to analytically capture processes that describe how extreme they are: depth of impact but mainly also temporal aspects such as length, speed and quality of recovery. This paper analyses resilience as a concept to provide these dimensions. The use of the term resilience proliferates in many contexts and disciplines. Interpretations may overlap or even contradict each other. This paper seeks to make a case for a more nuanced understanding of resilience, including the use of “qualifier adjectives” to emphasize differences. Starting from the original etymological meaning of resilience as “bouncing back” the paper aims an innovative (re)conceptualization to facilitate the practical use of resilience in disaster risk management. It is recommended to distinguish between resilience as ability, being a hazard independent pre-disposition for recovery, and resilience as a process, describing different bouncing back and bouncing forward mechanisms inherent in the different recovery phases. This proposed distinction would enable the assessment of recovery abilities before calamities occur and hence could serve as guide to disaster preparedness programmes. The suggested analysis of resilience as a process would open opportunities to use the concept describing preemptive resilience response (presilience), recovery as bouncing back towards a state preceding the hazard event, as well as progressive resilience (prosilience) as bouncing forward and transition of the disaster recovery phase into adaptation and further development.
文摘Objective: to study the clinical effect of modified tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in acute cerebral infarction and its improvement on patients viability. Methods: 74 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were collected and divided into two groups according to the date of admission. The control group (37 cases) received routine first aid and the observation group (37 cases) received first aid by applying the improved first aid nursing process. The first aid time, clinical curative effect, prognosis level and living ability of the two groups were compared. Results: the time of triage, referral, blood collection, CT examination and rescue in the observation group was significantly shortened (P < 0.05). The scores of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Glasgow (GOS) were higher than those of the control group (GOS), while the scores of National Institutes of Health (NIHSS) were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The results showed that the total therapeutic effect of the treatment group was 91.89%, which was higher than that of the control group 72.97% (p < 0.05). After emergency treatment, simple Fugl-Meyers motor ability assessment (FMA) and daily living ability (ADL) scores were higher than those of the normal population (P<0.05). Conclusion: the application of improved first aid nursing process in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction with rt-PA can shorten the first aid time, improve the curative effect, and help to further promote the recovery of patients ability to live.
文摘The mold-filling ability of alloy mclt in squceze casting process was evaluated by means of the maximum length of Archimedes spiral line. A theoretical evaluating model to predict the maximum filling length was built based on the flowing theory of the incompressible viscous fluid. It was proved by experiments and calculations that the mold-tilling pressure and velocity are prominent influencing factors on the mold-filling ability of alloy melt. The mold-filling ability increases with the increase of the mold-filling pressure and the decrease of the proper mold-filling velocity. Moreover, the pouring temperature relatively has less effect on the mold-filling ability under the experimental conditions. The maximum deviation of theoretical calculating values with experimental results is less than 15%. The model can quantitatively estimate the effect of every factor on the mold-filling ability.
文摘The mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy has very important effects onthe quality and properties of the work pieces produced by the semisolid forming process. Thefactorial experiments show that all of the heating factors, such as mold temperature, heatingtemperature and the keeping time of billets, have some effects on the mold-filling ability ofsemisolid alloy. According to the analysis of influencing extent on the filling ability, it is foundthat the most important one of the factors is the mold temperature instead of the billetstemperature, the next one is the heating temperature of the billet, and the keeping time rows on thethird. It is also found that there is an interrelation between the billet heating temperature andthe mold temperature. The effect of the interrelation on the mold-filling ability is even strongerthan the keeping time. The higher the mold temperature, heating temperature or the keeping time is,the better the mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy is. The parameter to describe themold-filling ability, defined as the maximum filling height along the uptight direction or themaximum filling length along the horizontal direction, can be theoretically determined according tothe flowing theory of viscous fluid.
文摘针对当下本科生学习能力影响因素问题,提出基于层次分析法和熵权法(Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method,AHP-EWM)的学习能力评价模型。通过阅读文献和调研对影响学习能力的因素进行结构化梳理,从知识掌握、自主学习、实践应用及学习素养4个方面,构建影响学习能力的评价指标体系及组合权重数学模型。调研某学院本科生的实例权重值计算,确定知识整合能力、社会化应用及实践成果等二级指标是影响学生学习能力的最主要因素。
基金This project received funding from the Australian governmentas part of the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate
文摘Two different grinding processes were examined to determine the effect grinding has on the quality of a CWS. A series of slurries was prepared from Australian (Au) and Chinese (YZ) coals. Both types of coal were ground by a Chinese (CUMT) and an Australian (JK) grinding process. The performance tests of the prepared CWS showed that fluidity of all slurries was acceptable. The concentration of the CWS from YZ coal ground by the CUMT grinding process was higher than when the JK grinding process was used. The highest concentration was 70.14% in this case. The concentration of the CWS prepared from Au coal by the JK grinding process was higher than when the CUMT grinding process was used. The highest con- centration in this case was 70.97%. These differences are caused by the particle size distribution devel- oped during the different grinding processes.
文摘The use of Internet of Things(IoT)applications become dominant in many systems.Its on-chip data processing and computations are also increasing consistently.The battery enabled and low leakage memory system at subthreshold regime is a critical requirement for these IoT applications.The cache memory designed on Static Random-Access Memory(SRAM)cell with features such as low power,high speed,and process tolerance are highly important for the IoT memory system.Therefore,a process tolerant SRAM cell with low power,improved delay and better stability is presented in this research paper.The proposed cell comprises 11 transistors designed with symmetric approach for write operations and single ended circuit for read operations that exhibits an average dynamic power saving of 43.55%and 47.75%for write and 35.59%and 36.56%for read operations compared to 6 T and 8 T SRAM cells.The cell shows an improved write delay of 26.46%and 37.16%over 6 T and 8T and read delay is lowered by 50.64%and 72.90%against 6 T and 10 T cells.The symmetric design used in core latch to improve the write noise margin(WNM)by 17.78%and 6.67%whereas the single ended separate read circuit improves the Read Static Noise Margin(RSNM)by 1.88x and 0.33x compared to 6 T and 8T cells.The read power delay product and write power delay product are lower by 1.94x,1.39x and 0.17x,2.02x than 6 T and 8 T cells respectively.The lower variability from 5000 samples validates the robustness of the proposed cell.The simulations are carried out in Cadence virtuoso simulator tool with Generic Process Design Kit(GPDK)45 nm technology file in this work.
文摘After joining in WTO,Chinese enterprises face more intense competitive environments. The problems, such as many foreign capital enterprises swarming into China, increasing market competitive ability, keeping on national and international market, have become more serious to enterprise’s decision maker. At the same time, the information technology is developing quickly, then business process re engineering will become valid path for enterprise increasing market competitive ability. As a case study, this paper applies Business Process Re engineering(BPR) approach to analyze a Chinese company.
