Electrocatalytic water splitting for green hydrogen is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Replacing OER with ethylene glycol oxidation(EGOR)offers an energy-saving route,coproducing valuable chemicals...Electrocatalytic water splitting for green hydrogen is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Replacing OER with ethylene glycol oxidation(EGOR)offers an energy-saving route,coproducing valuable chemicals,but requires efficient,stable,and low-cost catalysts.Here,we report a sulfate-doped NiOOH-Ni(OH)_(2)catalyst(denoted S-NiOOH-Ni(OH)_(2)).SO_(4)^(2-)doping significantly boosts intrinsic activity,enabling exceptional EGOR performance(only 1.45 V for~650 mA cm^(-2)).In situ studies reveal that a unique"structural locking"effect stabilizes the highly activeβ-NiOOH phase within the composite,differing from conventional reconstruction.Notably,we successfully scaled up this catalyst to an industrial-scale electrolyzer(anode area:1386 cm^(2))and constructed an integrated electrochemical-conventional chemical coupling system,which stably produced 290 L of hydrogen and kilogram-scale high-purity potassium diformate(KDF)per batch.Techno-economic analysis confirms strong commercial viability,projecting$7.1 million annual profit and a payback period under one year.This work bridges advanced catalyst design to industrial biomass valorization coupled with hydrogen production.展开更多
Industrial robot application(IRA)provides an opportunity for the low-carbon development of trade.This study focuses on the green revolution of manufacturing export trade,analyzes the mechanism by which IRA affects CO_...Industrial robot application(IRA)provides an opportunity for the low-carbon development of trade.This study focuses on the green revolution of manufacturing export trade,analyzes the mechanism by which IRA affects CO_(2) emissions embodied in manufacturing exports(CIE),and conducts an empirical test based on panel data from 37 countries from 2000 to 2019.This study found that first,IRA can significantly reduce CIE,but there is a U-shaped nexus between the two,which shows a rebound effect.Second,the heterogeneity test demonstrates that in com-parison to both the low-tech and high-tech sectors,IRA in the medium-tech industry can significantly reduce CIE;compared with the low-IRA sectors,the high-IRA sectors exhibit a more obvious reduction.In addition,IRA has a stronger effect on high-carbon-intensity areas.Third,the mechanism test shows that IRA mainly affects CIE through low-carbon technology and productivity effects.Moreover,environmental regulations and the manufacturing in-telligence process positively moderate the nexus between IRA and CIE.Finally,these conclusions provide possible empirical evidence for the smart evolution of the manufacturing industry and the green development of trade.展开更多
The shortage of CO_(2) source and the challenges associated with the separation of pure CO_(2) have led to a growing interest in the potential utilization of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Therefore,this study has established a...The shortage of CO_(2) source and the challenges associated with the separation of pure CO_(2) have led to a growing interest in the potential utilization of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Therefore,this study has established an acid-rock interaction kinetic model to characterize the long-term interactions between CO_(2)-contained IWG and shale.The findings delineate the reaction process into three phases:during the initial 10 years,solubility trapping predominates,with minimal mineral dissolution.This increases shale porosity,promoting the diffusion and storage range of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Between 10 and 300 years,mineral dissolution/precipitation assumes primacy,with mineral trapping gradually supplanting dissolution.Notably,shale porosity diminishes by a minimum of approximately 40%,effectively inhibiting gas leakage.After 300 years,equilibrium is reached,with rock porosity consistently lower than the initial porosity.Throughout the entire reaction process,as the initial CO_(2) concentration decreases,the initial pH drops from 4.42 to 3.61,resulting in a roughly 20%increase in porosity.Additionally,it is necessary to regulate its concentration to avoid H_(2)S leakage during CO_(2)-contained IWG geological sequestration.And particular attention should be directed towards the risk of gas leakage when the IWG exhibit high levels of SO_(2) or NO_(2).展开更多
A ternary composite of TiO2 and a SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel with good photocatalytic activity was prepared by a simple sol-gel method with TiO2 nanoparticles and SiO2-Al2O3 aerogels derived from industrial fly ash.The struct...A ternary composite of TiO2 and a SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel with good photocatalytic activity was prepared by a simple sol-gel method with TiO2 nanoparticles and SiO2-Al2O3 aerogels derived from industrial fly ash.The structural features of the TiO2/SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel composite were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,gas adsorption measurements and diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy.The optimal conditions for photocatalytic degradation of 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol（DNBP],included an initial DNBP concentration of 0.167 mmol/L at pH = 4.86 with a catalyst concentration of 6 g/L,under visible light irradiation for 5 h.A plausible mechanism is proposed for the photocatalytic degradation of DNBP.Our composite showed higher photocatalytic activity for DNBP degradation than that of pure TiO2.This indicates that this material can serve as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of hazardous organic pollutants in wastewater.展开更多
This study systematically evaluates the recovery of rare earth elements（REEs） from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles CuFe2O4. The industrially manufactured CuFe2O4 displays a no...This study systematically evaluates the recovery of rare earth elements（REEs） from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles CuFe2O4. The industrially manufactured CuFe2O4 displays a nonlinear isotherm for REEs adsorption, suggesting limiting binding sites on the CuFe2O4 surface. The recovery of REEs increases significantly from 0.1% to 99.99% with increasing pH（2.29-8.15）. At room temperature, the maxima recovery rates of Nd, La, and Ce are observed to be in a high capacity of 51.02, 42.02, and 40.16 mg/g, respectively. No significant attenuation of REE adsorption is observed with increasing NaCl concentration from 0.001 to 1.0 mol/L, showing high selectivity of REEs even in such high NaCl concentration matrix. In addition, desorption efficiency increases with the increasing concentration of HNO3 in the range of 0.005-0.05 mol/L. When HNO3 concentration is over 0.05 mol/L, the desorption efficiency can reach almost 100% in each batch experiment. Importantly, our results show that REEs can be sorbed and recycled from liquid crystal display（LCD） polishing wastewater, suggesting that CuFe2O4 may be a good candidate in the efficient and rapid recovery of REEs from industrial wastewater.展开更多
The simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0)from industrial exhaust flue gas has drawn worldwide attention in recent years.A particularly attractive technique is selective catalytic reduction,which effectively ...The simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0)from industrial exhaust flue gas has drawn worldwide attention in recent years.A particularly attractive technique is selective catalytic reduction,which effectively removes SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0)at low temperatures.This paper first reviews the simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0)by unsupported and supported catalysts.It then describes and compares the research progress of various carriers,eg.,carbon-based materials,metal oxides,silica,molecular sieves,metal-organic frameworks,and pillared interlayered clays,in the simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0).The effects of flue-gas components(such as O_(2),NH3,HCl,H2 O,SO_(2),NO and Hg^(0))on the removal of SO_(2),NOx,and Hg^(0)are discussed comprehensively and systematically.After summarizing the pollutantremoval mechanism,the review discusses future developments in the simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NOx and Hg^(0)by catalysts.展开更多
As one of the largest global emitters of sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)),China faces increasing pressure to achieve sustainable economic and social development.Using panel data of 58 prefecture-level cities in North China betw...As one of the largest global emitters of sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)),China faces increasing pressure to achieve sustainable economic and social development.Using panel data of 58 prefecture-level cities in North China between 2003 and 2017,this paper considers the dynamic spatio-temporal characteristics of industrial SO_(2) emissions in the"2+26"in North China and extended cities in North China and decomposes the determinants of industrial SO_(2) emissions into eight effects using the Generalized Divisia Index Model(GDIM).The contributions of each effect on changes in emissions are assessed on regional,provincial,and prefectural levels,as well as according to various stages.The results indicate the following.First,industrial SO2 emissions in the"2+26"cities in North China and extended cities in North China exhibit spatial autocorrelation and agglomeration effects.Cities with high-high(HH)and low-low(LL)agglomeration patterns were concentrated in Shanxi and Henan provinces,respectively.Second,industrialization,energy consumption,and economic development were the main factors that increased industrial SO2 emissions,while technology,energy sulfur intensity,and economic sulfur intensity were the key factors that reduced them.Third,13 cities,induding Tangshan,were the most important regions where further emissions regulations need to be implemented.These cities were divided into three types and different corresponding measures for reducing their emissions are suggested.Based on the conclusions of this study,this paper puts forward some targeted policy recommendations for reducing industrial SO_(2) emissions according to different categories of cities.展开更多
With the continuous expansion of the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT),more andmore organisations are placing large amounts of data in the cloud to reduce overheads.However,the channel between cloud servers and smar...With the continuous expansion of the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT),more andmore organisations are placing large amounts of data in the cloud to reduce overheads.However,the channel between cloud servers and smart equipment is not trustworthy,so the issue of data authenticity needs to be addressed.The SM2 digital signature algorithm can provide an authentication mechanism for data to solve such problems.Unfortunately,it still suffers from the problem of key exposure.In order to address this concern,this study first introduces a key-insulated scheme,SM2-KI-SIGN,based on the SM2 algorithm.This scheme boasts strong key insulation and secure keyupdates.Our scheme uses the elliptic curve algorithm,which is not only more efficient but also more suitable for IIoT-cloud environments.Finally,the security proof of SM2-KI-SIGN is given under the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm(ECDL)assumption in the random oracle.展开更多
"Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"is an essential national strategy,and the geological storage and utilization of CO_(2)is a hot issue today.However,due to the scarcity of pure CO_(2)gas sources in China..."Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"is an essential national strategy,and the geological storage and utilization of CO_(2)is a hot issue today.However,due to the scarcity of pure CO_(2)gas sources in China and the high cost of CO_(2)capture,CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)is gradually emerging into the public's gaze.CO_(2)has good adsorption properties on shale surfaces,but acidic gases can react with shale,so the mechanism of the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction and the change in reservoir properties will determine the stability of geological storage.Therefore,based on the mineral composition of the Longmaxi Formation shale,this study constructs a thermodynamic equilibrium model of water-rock reactions and simulates the regularity of reactions between CO_(2)-rich IWG and shale minerals.The results indicate that CO_(2)consumed 12%after reaction,and impurity gases in the CO_(2)-rich IWG can be dissolved entirely,thus demonstrating the feasibility of treating IWG through water-rock reactions.Since IWG inhibits the dissolution of CO_(2),the optimal composition of CO_(2)-rich IWG is 95%CO_(2)and 5%IWG when CO_(2)geological storage is the main goal.In contrast,when the main goal is the geological storage of total CO_(2)-rich IWG or impurity gas,the optimal CO_(2)-rich IWG composition is 50%CO_(2)and 50%IWG.In the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction,temperature has less influence on the water-rock reaction,while pressure is the most important parameter.SO2 has the greatest impact on water-rock reaction in gas.For minerals,clay minerals such as illite and montmorillonite had a significant effect on water-rock reaction.The overall reaction is dominated by precipitation and the volume of the rock skeleton has increased by 0.74 cm3,resulting in a decrease in shale porosity,which enhances the stability of CO_(2)geological storage to some extent.During the reaction between CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale at simulated temperatures and pressures,precipitation is the main reaction,and shale porosity decreases.However,as the reservoir water content increases,the reaction will first dissolve and then precipitate before dissolving again.When the water content is less than 0.0005 kg or greater than 0.4 kg,it will lead to an increase in reservoir porosity,which ultimately reduces the long-term geological storage stability of CO_(2)-rich IWG.展开更多
Industrial CO_(2)electroreduction has received tremendous attentions for resolution of the current energy and environmental crisis,but its performance is greatly limited by mass transport at high current density.In th...Industrial CO_(2)electroreduction has received tremendous attentions for resolution of the current energy and environmental crisis,but its performance is greatly limited by mass transport at high current density.In this work,an ion‐polymer‐modified gas‐diffusion electrode is used to tackle this proton limit.It is found that gas diffusion electrode‐Nafion shows an impressive performance of 75.2%Faradaic efficiency in multicarbon products at an industrial current density of 1.16 A/cm^(2).Significantly,in‐depth electrochemical characterizations combined with in situ Raman have been used to determine the full workflow of protons,and it is found that HCO_(3)^(−)acts as a proton pool near the reaction environment,and HCO_(3)^(−)and H_(3)O^(+)are local proton donors that interact with the proton shuttle−SO_(3)^(−)from Nafion.With rich proton hopping sites that decrease the activation energy,a“Grotthuss”mechanism for proton transport in the above system has been identified rather than the“Vehicle”mechanism with a higher energy barrier.Therefore,this work could be very useful in terms of the achievement of industrial CO_(2)reduction fundamentally and practically.展开更多
Nano-Fe2O3/goldmine complex was obtained by chemical coprecipitation reaction on the surface of goldmine waste-solid. Being used as the heterogeneous catalyst in Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), its tr...Nano-Fe2O3/goldmine complex was obtained by chemical coprecipitation reaction on the surface of goldmine waste-solid. Being used as the heterogeneous catalyst in Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), its treatment effect was studied in the removal performance of industrial dyes effluent. Although the maximal COD removal efficiency would reach 35.4% when 5 mL NaClO was added in 100 mL industrial dyes effluent, it is found that by using nano-Fe2O3/goldmine system, the COD removal efficiency of 13,000 mg/L dyes wastewater could reach up to 75.5% in the presence of 30 g/L nano-Fe2O3/goldmine complex and 50 mL/L NaClO at 50。C.展开更多
The construction industry is a significant contributor to global CO_(2) emissions,and urgent innovation is needed to mitigate its environmental impact.This paper provides a comprehensive review of scalable approaches ...The construction industry is a significant contributor to global CO_(2) emissions,and urgent innovation is needed to mitigate its environmental impact.This paper provides a comprehensive review of scalable approaches for CO_(2) uptake in construction materials,including the injection of CO_(2) into fresh concrete,the CO_(2) curing of precast concrete,and the use of ceramics as CO_(2) sinks.Among these three approaches,CO_(2) curing methods for concrete represent the most advanced and widely adopted strategies within industrial practice,with substantial research supporting their effectiveness and scalability.The comparison of carbonation mineralisation across three distinct material groups reveals that the direct injection of CO_(2) into fresh concrete mixes results in CO_(2) uptake of less than 3 kg/m3.For the precast concrete elements,the CO_(2) uptake ranges from 30 to 350 kg/m3,while ceramics can achieve uptake efficiencies up to 23 wt.%under pilot-scale conditions.Achieving efficient CO_(2) uptake in fresh and precast concrete without compromising mechanical properties relies on precise control over the CO_(2) dose,a tailored mix design,and optimised curing conditions,while avoiding excessive carbonation that could reduce alkalinity or durability.Valorisation of carbonated materials as supplementary cementitious components or aggregates is identified as an important circular solution,though further research is needed to address regeneration,performance,and standardisation.The review highlights ongoing gaps in life-cycle assessment and industrial-scale validation,and recommends future work on durability and techno-economic optimisation for robust decarbonisation in the cement and concrete industries.展开更多
Nowadays,the rapid development of the social economy inevitably leads to global energy and environmental crisis.For this reason,more and more scholars focus on the development of photocatalysis and/or electrocatalysis...Nowadays,the rapid development of the social economy inevitably leads to global energy and environmental crisis.For this reason,more and more scholars focus on the development of photocatalysis and/or electrocatalysis technology for the advantage in the sustainable production of high-value-added products,and the high efficiency in pollutants remediation.Although there is plenty of outstanding research has been put forward continuously,most of them focuses on catalysis performance and reaction mechanisms in laboratory conditions.Realizing industrial application of photo/electrocatalytic processes is still a challenge that needs to be overcome by social demand.In this regard,this review comprehensively summarized several explorations in thefield of photo/electrocatalytic reduction towards potential industrial applications in recent years.Special attention is paid to the successful attempts and the current status of photo/electrocatalytic water splitting,carbon dioxide conversion,resource utilization from waste,etc.,by using advanced reactors.The key problems and challenges of photo/electrocatalysis in future industrial practice are also discussed,and the possible development directions are also pointed out from the industry view.展开更多
This paper presents an expert-based fuzzy analytic hierarchy process( AHP) model for evaluating emergency response capacity of Chemical Industrial Park( ERCCIP) by jointly using an improved fuzzy preference programmin...This paper presents an expert-based fuzzy analytic hierarchy process( AHP) model for evaluating emergency response capacity of Chemical Industrial Park( ERCCIP) by jointly using an improved fuzzy preference programming( FPP) and 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic approach. An evaluation index system for ERCCIP is proposed. The weight of sub-criteria and criteria of the evaluation index system for ERCCIP are determined using the improved FPP. And the ratings of sub-criteria are assessed in linguistic values according to the experts' subjective opinions. Finally,the aggregated ratings of criteria and the overall ERCCIP are calculated.展开更多
基金the funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22275001)the Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education(2022AH010004,KJ2021ZD0002)。
文摘Electrocatalytic water splitting for green hydrogen is hindered by the slow oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Replacing OER with ethylene glycol oxidation(EGOR)offers an energy-saving route,coproducing valuable chemicals,but requires efficient,stable,and low-cost catalysts.Here,we report a sulfate-doped NiOOH-Ni(OH)_(2)catalyst(denoted S-NiOOH-Ni(OH)_(2)).SO_(4)^(2-)doping significantly boosts intrinsic activity,enabling exceptional EGOR performance(only 1.45 V for~650 mA cm^(-2)).In situ studies reveal that a unique"structural locking"effect stabilizes the highly activeβ-NiOOH phase within the composite,differing from conventional reconstruction.Notably,we successfully scaled up this catalyst to an industrial-scale electrolyzer(anode area:1386 cm^(2))and constructed an integrated electrochemical-conventional chemical coupling system,which stably produced 290 L of hydrogen and kilogram-scale high-purity potassium diformate(KDF)per batch.Techno-economic analysis confirms strong commercial viability,projecting$7.1 million annual profit and a payback period under one year.This work bridges advanced catalyst design to industrial biomass valorization coupled with hydrogen production.
基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.23FGLB024)Special Project on“Promoting High-Quality Development through the Integration of the Yangtze River Delta”of Shaoxing University(Grant No.2024CSJYB01)to provide fund for the study。
文摘Industrial robot application(IRA)provides an opportunity for the low-carbon development of trade.This study focuses on the green revolution of manufacturing export trade,analyzes the mechanism by which IRA affects CO_(2) emissions embodied in manufacturing exports(CIE),and conducts an empirical test based on panel data from 37 countries from 2000 to 2019.This study found that first,IRA can significantly reduce CIE,but there is a U-shaped nexus between the two,which shows a rebound effect.Second,the heterogeneity test demonstrates that in com-parison to both the low-tech and high-tech sectors,IRA in the medium-tech industry can significantly reduce CIE;compared with the low-IRA sectors,the high-IRA sectors exhibit a more obvious reduction.In addition,IRA has a stronger effect on high-carbon-intensity areas.Third,the mechanism test shows that IRA mainly affects CIE through low-carbon technology and productivity effects.Moreover,environmental regulations and the manufacturing in-telligence process positively moderate the nexus between IRA and CIE.Finally,these conclusions provide possible empirical evidence for the smart evolution of the manufacturing industry and the green development of trade.
基金supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(No.52074316)PetroChina CompanyLimited(grant number 2019E-2608)。
文摘The shortage of CO_(2) source and the challenges associated with the separation of pure CO_(2) have led to a growing interest in the potential utilization of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Therefore,this study has established an acid-rock interaction kinetic model to characterize the long-term interactions between CO_(2)-contained IWG and shale.The findings delineate the reaction process into three phases:during the initial 10 years,solubility trapping predominates,with minimal mineral dissolution.This increases shale porosity,promoting the diffusion and storage range of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Between 10 and 300 years,mineral dissolution/precipitation assumes primacy,with mineral trapping gradually supplanting dissolution.Notably,shale porosity diminishes by a minimum of approximately 40%,effectively inhibiting gas leakage.After 300 years,equilibrium is reached,with rock porosity consistently lower than the initial porosity.Throughout the entire reaction process,as the initial CO_(2) concentration decreases,the initial pH drops from 4.42 to 3.61,resulting in a roughly 20%increase in porosity.Additionally,it is necessary to regulate its concentration to avoid H_(2)S leakage during CO_(2)-contained IWG geological sequestration.And particular attention should be directed towards the risk of gas leakage when the IWG exhibit high levels of SO_(2) or NO_(2).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21377018)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(2013020116)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT15ZD240)~~
文摘A ternary composite of TiO2 and a SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel with good photocatalytic activity was prepared by a simple sol-gel method with TiO2 nanoparticles and SiO2-Al2O3 aerogels derived from industrial fly ash.The structural features of the TiO2/SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel composite were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,gas adsorption measurements and diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy.The optimal conditions for photocatalytic degradation of 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol（DNBP],included an initial DNBP concentration of 0.167 mmol/L at pH = 4.86 with a catalyst concentration of 6 g/L,under visible light irradiation for 5 h.A plausible mechanism is proposed for the photocatalytic degradation of DNBP.Our composite showed higher photocatalytic activity for DNBP degradation than that of pure TiO2.This indicates that this material can serve as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of hazardous organic pollutants in wastewater.
基金Project supported by Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(17ZR1420700)State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation(PCRRF16013)Shanghai Gaofeng & Gaoyuan Project for University Academic Program Development
文摘This study systematically evaluates the recovery of rare earth elements（REEs） from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles CuFe2O4. The industrially manufactured CuFe2O4 displays a nonlinear isotherm for REEs adsorption, suggesting limiting binding sites on the CuFe2O4 surface. The recovery of REEs increases significantly from 0.1% to 99.99% with increasing pH（2.29-8.15）. At room temperature, the maxima recovery rates of Nd, La, and Ce are observed to be in a high capacity of 51.02, 42.02, and 40.16 mg/g, respectively. No significant attenuation of REE adsorption is observed with increasing NaCl concentration from 0.001 to 1.0 mol/L, showing high selectivity of REEs even in such high NaCl concentration matrix. In addition, desorption efficiency increases with the increasing concentration of HNO3 in the range of 0.005-0.05 mol/L. When HNO3 concentration is over 0.05 mol/L, the desorption efficiency can reach almost 100% in each batch experiment. Importantly, our results show that REEs can be sorbed and recycled from liquid crystal display（LCD） polishing wastewater, suggesting that CuFe2O4 may be a good candidate in the efficient and rapid recovery of REEs from industrial wastewater.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52000093,51968034,41807373 and21667015)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC0213400)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020T130271,2019M663911XB)Open Fund of National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology(No.NELMS2019B03)。
文摘The simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0)from industrial exhaust flue gas has drawn worldwide attention in recent years.A particularly attractive technique is selective catalytic reduction,which effectively removes SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0)at low temperatures.This paper first reviews the simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0)by unsupported and supported catalysts.It then describes and compares the research progress of various carriers,eg.,carbon-based materials,metal oxides,silica,molecular sieves,metal-organic frameworks,and pillared interlayered clays,in the simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NO_(x)and Hg^(0).The effects of flue-gas components(such as O_(2),NH3,HCl,H2 O,SO_(2),NO and Hg^(0))on the removal of SO_(2),NOx,and Hg^(0)are discussed comprehensively and systematically.After summarizing the pollutantremoval mechanism,the review discusses future developments in the simultaneous removal of SO_(2),NOx and Hg^(0)by catalysts.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number.72074183,Grant number.71403120]the Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Chinese Ministry of Education[Grant number.20YJC630104]+1 种基金the National Social Science Foundation of China[Grant number.18ZDA052]the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[Grant number.JBK2007186].
文摘As one of the largest global emitters of sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)),China faces increasing pressure to achieve sustainable economic and social development.Using panel data of 58 prefecture-level cities in North China between 2003 and 2017,this paper considers the dynamic spatio-temporal characteristics of industrial SO_(2) emissions in the"2+26"in North China and extended cities in North China and decomposes the determinants of industrial SO_(2) emissions into eight effects using the Generalized Divisia Index Model(GDIM).The contributions of each effect on changes in emissions are assessed on regional,provincial,and prefectural levels,as well as according to various stages.The results indicate the following.First,industrial SO2 emissions in the"2+26"cities in North China and extended cities in North China exhibit spatial autocorrelation and agglomeration effects.Cities with high-high(HH)and low-low(LL)agglomeration patterns were concentrated in Shanxi and Henan provinces,respectively.Second,industrialization,energy consumption,and economic development were the main factors that increased industrial SO2 emissions,while technology,energy sulfur intensity,and economic sulfur intensity were the key factors that reduced them.Third,13 cities,induding Tangshan,were the most important regions where further emissions regulations need to be implemented.These cities were divided into three types and different corresponding measures for reducing their emissions are suggested.Based on the conclusions of this study,this paper puts forward some targeted policy recommendations for reducing industrial SO_(2) emissions according to different categories of cities.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62072074,62076054,62027827,62002047)the Sichuan Science and Technology Innovation Platform and Talent Plan(Nos.2020JDJQ0020,2022JDJQ0039)+2 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Support Plan(Nos.2020YFSY0010,2022YFQ0045,2022YFS0220,2023YFG0148,2021YFG0131)the YIBIN Science and Technology Support Plan(No.2021CG003)the Medico-Engineering Cooperation Funds from University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(Nos.ZYGX2021YGLH212,ZYGX2022YGRH012).
文摘With the continuous expansion of the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT),more andmore organisations are placing large amounts of data in the cloud to reduce overheads.However,the channel between cloud servers and smart equipment is not trustworthy,so the issue of data authenticity needs to be addressed.The SM2 digital signature algorithm can provide an authentication mechanism for data to solve such problems.Unfortunately,it still suffers from the problem of key exposure.In order to address this concern,this study first introduces a key-insulated scheme,SM2-KI-SIGN,based on the SM2 algorithm.This scheme boasts strong key insulation and secure keyupdates.Our scheme uses the elliptic curve algorithm,which is not only more efficient but also more suitable for IIoT-cloud environments.Finally,the security proof of SM2-KI-SIGN is given under the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm(ECDL)assumption in the random oracle.
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074316)PetroChina Company Limited(No.2019E-2608).
文摘"Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"is an essential national strategy,and the geological storage and utilization of CO_(2)is a hot issue today.However,due to the scarcity of pure CO_(2)gas sources in China and the high cost of CO_(2)capture,CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)is gradually emerging into the public's gaze.CO_(2)has good adsorption properties on shale surfaces,but acidic gases can react with shale,so the mechanism of the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction and the change in reservoir properties will determine the stability of geological storage.Therefore,based on the mineral composition of the Longmaxi Formation shale,this study constructs a thermodynamic equilibrium model of water-rock reactions and simulates the regularity of reactions between CO_(2)-rich IWG and shale minerals.The results indicate that CO_(2)consumed 12%after reaction,and impurity gases in the CO_(2)-rich IWG can be dissolved entirely,thus demonstrating the feasibility of treating IWG through water-rock reactions.Since IWG inhibits the dissolution of CO_(2),the optimal composition of CO_(2)-rich IWG is 95%CO_(2)and 5%IWG when CO_(2)geological storage is the main goal.In contrast,when the main goal is the geological storage of total CO_(2)-rich IWG or impurity gas,the optimal CO_(2)-rich IWG composition is 50%CO_(2)and 50%IWG.In the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction,temperature has less influence on the water-rock reaction,while pressure is the most important parameter.SO2 has the greatest impact on water-rock reaction in gas.For minerals,clay minerals such as illite and montmorillonite had a significant effect on water-rock reaction.The overall reaction is dominated by precipitation and the volume of the rock skeleton has increased by 0.74 cm3,resulting in a decrease in shale porosity,which enhances the stability of CO_(2)geological storage to some extent.During the reaction between CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale at simulated temperatures and pressures,precipitation is the main reaction,and shale porosity decreases.However,as the reservoir water content increases,the reaction will first dissolve and then precipitate before dissolving again.When the water content is less than 0.0005 kg or greater than 0.4 kg,it will lead to an increase in reservoir porosity,which ultimately reduces the long-term geological storage stability of CO_(2)-rich IWG.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFF0500700Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:30921013103,30920041113+1 种基金Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:BK20190460National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51888103,52006105,92163124。
文摘Industrial CO_(2)electroreduction has received tremendous attentions for resolution of the current energy and environmental crisis,but its performance is greatly limited by mass transport at high current density.In this work,an ion‐polymer‐modified gas‐diffusion electrode is used to tackle this proton limit.It is found that gas diffusion electrode‐Nafion shows an impressive performance of 75.2%Faradaic efficiency in multicarbon products at an industrial current density of 1.16 A/cm^(2).Significantly,in‐depth electrochemical characterizations combined with in situ Raman have been used to determine the full workflow of protons,and it is found that HCO_(3)^(−)acts as a proton pool near the reaction environment,and HCO_(3)^(−)and H_(3)O^(+)are local proton donors that interact with the proton shuttle−SO_(3)^(−)from Nafion.With rich proton hopping sites that decrease the activation energy,a“Grotthuss”mechanism for proton transport in the above system has been identified rather than the“Vehicle”mechanism with a higher energy barrier.Therefore,this work could be very useful in terms of the achievement of industrial CO_(2)reduction fundamentally and practically.
文摘Nano-Fe2O3/goldmine complex was obtained by chemical coprecipitation reaction on the surface of goldmine waste-solid. Being used as the heterogeneous catalyst in Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), its treatment effect was studied in the removal performance of industrial dyes effluent. Although the maximal COD removal efficiency would reach 35.4% when 5 mL NaClO was added in 100 mL industrial dyes effluent, it is found that by using nano-Fe2O3/goldmine system, the COD removal efficiency of 13,000 mg/L dyes wastewater could reach up to 75.5% in the presence of 30 g/L nano-Fe2O3/goldmine complex and 50 mL/L NaClO at 50。C.
基金funded by the Recovery and Resilience Plan(PRR)to support Collaborative Laboratories(CoLABs),Interface Mission[Notice No.01/C05-i02/2022].
文摘The construction industry is a significant contributor to global CO_(2) emissions,and urgent innovation is needed to mitigate its environmental impact.This paper provides a comprehensive review of scalable approaches for CO_(2) uptake in construction materials,including the injection of CO_(2) into fresh concrete,the CO_(2) curing of precast concrete,and the use of ceramics as CO_(2) sinks.Among these three approaches,CO_(2) curing methods for concrete represent the most advanced and widely adopted strategies within industrial practice,with substantial research supporting their effectiveness and scalability.The comparison of carbonation mineralisation across three distinct material groups reveals that the direct injection of CO_(2) into fresh concrete mixes results in CO_(2) uptake of less than 3 kg/m3.For the precast concrete elements,the CO_(2) uptake ranges from 30 to 350 kg/m3,while ceramics can achieve uptake efficiencies up to 23 wt.%under pilot-scale conditions.Achieving efficient CO_(2) uptake in fresh and precast concrete without compromising mechanical properties relies on precise control over the CO_(2) dose,a tailored mix design,and optimised curing conditions,while avoiding excessive carbonation that could reduce alkalinity or durability.Valorisation of carbonated materials as supplementary cementitious components or aggregates is identified as an important circular solution,though further research is needed to address regeneration,performance,and standardisation.The review highlights ongoing gaps in life-cycle assessment and industrial-scale validation,and recommends future work on durability and techno-economic optimisation for robust decarbonisation in the cement and concrete industries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278030,22090032,22090030,22288102,22242019)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(buctrc202119,2312018RC07)+1 种基金Major Program of Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory(Grant No.001220005)the Experiments for Space Exploration Program and the Qian Xuesen Laboratory,China Academy of Space Technology。
文摘Nowadays,the rapid development of the social economy inevitably leads to global energy and environmental crisis.For this reason,more and more scholars focus on the development of photocatalysis and/or electrocatalysis technology for the advantage in the sustainable production of high-value-added products,and the high efficiency in pollutants remediation.Although there is plenty of outstanding research has been put forward continuously,most of them focuses on catalysis performance and reaction mechanisms in laboratory conditions.Realizing industrial application of photo/electrocatalytic processes is still a challenge that needs to be overcome by social demand.In this regard,this review comprehensively summarized several explorations in thefield of photo/electrocatalytic reduction towards potential industrial applications in recent years.Special attention is paid to the successful attempts and the current status of photo/electrocatalytic water splitting,carbon dioxide conversion,resource utilization from waste,etc.,by using advanced reactors.The key problems and challenges of photo/electrocatalysis in future industrial practice are also discussed,and the possible development directions are also pointed out from the industry view.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41001354)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.23420110083)
文摘This paper presents an expert-based fuzzy analytic hierarchy process( AHP) model for evaluating emergency response capacity of Chemical Industrial Park( ERCCIP) by jointly using an improved fuzzy preference programming( FPP) and 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic approach. An evaluation index system for ERCCIP is proposed. The weight of sub-criteria and criteria of the evaluation index system for ERCCIP are determined using the improved FPP. And the ratings of sub-criteria are assessed in linguistic values according to the experts' subjective opinions. Finally,the aggregated ratings of criteria and the overall ERCCIP are calculated.
