Objective To explore the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in a cohort aged 40 years and above in Songjiang District,Shanghai,and to analyze the association of Mediterranean diet pattern and diet...Objective To explore the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in a cohort aged 40 years and above in Songjiang District,Shanghai,and to analyze the association of Mediterranean diet pattern and dietary approaches in stopping hypertension pattern(DASH)with the risk of developing COPD.Methods Based on a natural population cohort in Songjiang District,Shanghai,27474 adults aged 40 years and above who did not have COPD at baseline were enrolled in the study.The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the association of baseline Mediterranean diet pattern score and DASH score with the risk of COPD,and the hazard ratio(HR)of the risk and its 95%CI were calculated.Restricted cubic spline was used to analyze the nonlinear association between the two diet scores and the risk of COPD.Stratified analyses were performed according to gender,age,smoking status,etc.Sensitivity analysesswere conducted by censoring cases ddiagnosed within one year after the baseline survey or people with a history of malignant tumor disease.Results As of June 30,2023,after a median follow-up time of 6.21 years,there were 1089(4.0%)new COPD cases with an incidence density of 64.00 per 10000 person-years.After adjusting for relevant confounders,in the Mediterranean tertile subgroups under diet pattern score,the risk of developing COPD could be reduced by approximately 14%in the intermediate scoring group(HR=0.86,95%CI:0.75-0.99)and 15%in the highest scoring group(HR=0.85,95%Cl:0.72-0.99)compared to the lowest scoring group.The association remained after censoring cases diagnosed within one year of the baseline survey(HR=0.82,95%CI:0.70-0.95;HR=0.82,95%CI:0.68-0.97)or censoring people with a history of malignant tumor disease(HR=0.84,95%CI:0.73-0.97;HR=0.84,95%CI:0.71-0.99).No statistical association was found between the DASH score and the risk of COPD.Conclusion The Mediterranean diet pattern is associated with a lower risk of COPD.Increasing the intake of vegetables,fruits,legumes,and whole grains and decreasing the intake of red meat and others can reduce the risk of COPD.No association is found between the DASH dietary pattern and the risk of COPD in this community population.展开更多
Objective: The goal of this study was to identify commonly consumed grain food patterns in US adults (≥19 years old;N = 14,384) and compare nutrient intakes, with focus on 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nut...Objective: The goal of this study was to identify commonly consumed grain food patterns in US adults (≥19 years old;N = 14,384) and compare nutrient intakes, with focus on 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, diet quality, and health parameters of those consuming various grain food patterns to those not consuming grains. Methods: This study conducted secondary analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2010. Cluster analysis was used and identified 8 grain patterns: 1) no consumption of main grain groups, 2) crackers and salty snacks, 3) yeast breads and rolls, 4) cakes, cookies, and pies, 5) cereals, 6) pasta, cooked cereals and rice, 7) quick breads, and 8) mixed grains. Results: Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” had a better diet quality compared to no grains. Consuming many, but not all, of the grain food patterns resulted in less saturated fat and lower added sugars. Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” and “quick breads” had greater dietary fiber intake vs. no grains group. Calcium intake was increased in the cereals group, while magnesium intake was greater in adults consuming “cereals” and “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” vs. no grains. Vitamin D (D2 + D3) intake was higher in adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” vs. no grain group. Adults consuming “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” had lower body weights (79.1 ± 0.7 vs. 82.5 ± 1.2 kg;P = 0.009) and waist circumference (95.2 ± 0.6 vs. 98.2 ± 1.0 cm;P = 0.004) in comparison to those consuming no grains. Conclusions: Certain grain food patterns are associated with greater 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, better diet quality and lower body weights in adults. Additionally, certain grain food patterns are associated with lower intake of nutrients to limit, including saturated fat and added sugars.展开更多
目的:厘清植物性饮食的概念内涵,为植物性饮食的研究和实践提供理论指导。方法:系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Scopus数据库中与植物性饮食有关的文献,检索时限...目的:厘清植物性饮食的概念内涵,为植物性饮食的研究和实践提供理论指导。方法:系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Scopus数据库中与植物性饮食有关的文献,检索时限为建库至2024年12月30日。依据Walker及Avant概念分析法进行植物性饮食的概念分析。结果:共纳入48篇文献。植物性饮食包括食物来源以植物为主、多样化的食物选择、可能限制或排除动物产品3个定义属性。前因包括自身因素、社会因素、经济因素;后果包括健康益处、健康潜在风险、环境影响。结论:通过概念分析明确了植物性饮食概念属性。未来可针对植物性饮食的积极影响展开研究,提高公众接受度,并对植物性饮食的个性化干预进行更为系统、深入的研究。展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Malnutrition due to poor feeding habits, is still a serious public health issue in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary patterns and nutritional stat...<strong>Background:</strong> Malnutrition due to poor feeding habits, is still a serious public health issue in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary patterns and nutritional status of women of childbearing age in various geographical settings in Cameroon so as to propose intervention strategies. <strong>Methods:</strong> In a cross sectional study conducted from January 2014 to August 2015, women aged 14 - 49 years were randomly selected from the capital city Yaounde and four regions of Cameroon. Anthropometric measures were collected for nutritional status assessment. Data on diet habits and socio-demographic parameters were collected. <strong>Results:</strong> 608 women of reproductive age with average age 34.68 ± 0.39 years made up the study. Dietary patterns assessment revealed that, most study participants had a frequent intake of carbohydrate rich foods and fats and oils rich foods;but an infrequent intake of protein rich foods and vitamin and minerals rich foods in a week. Nutritional status assessment revealed that, 2.1% were underweight, 28.6% had a normal weight, 30.8% overweight, and 38.5% obese. The grass field regions presented the highest prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity. Higher malnutrition levels were linked to low intakes of pulses and beans;milk and dairy products;vegetables and fruits food groups. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Women of the study population had an unhealthy dietary pattern and a poor nutritional status. Therefore, strategies such as nutritional education are warranted and should be age and region specific, so as to target specific groups of women and ensure adequate nutritional status and health.展开更多
Heart failure(HF)is characterized by high symptom burden including,but not limited to fatigue,dyspnea,and edema.Up to 21.5%of HF patients experience significant depressive symptoms,much higher than 7.1%in adults witho...Heart failure(HF)is characterized by high symptom burden including,but not limited to fatigue,dyspnea,and edema.Up to 21.5%of HF patients experience significant depressive symptoms,much higher than 7.1%in adults without HF.Diet,metabolites,and other inflammatory mechanisms have gained notable attention in recent studies for contributions to symptoms in HF.Symptoms for black adults(B/As)with HF are often influenced by lifestyle factors,which may influence their higher mortality rates;few studies address these factors.Distinguishing the links between key elements with diet,inflammation,and symptoms may bring clarity for new dietary strategies in HF clinical care.The purpose of this integrative review is to examine the existing literature regarding relationships among physiologic pathways in HF along with physical and emotional symptoms in the context of inflammation,dietary intake,tumor necrosis factor‑alpha(TNF‑a),a biomarker of inflammation,and trimethylamine‑N‑Oxide(TMAO).Based on available evidence,inflammation may be a key link between physical symptoms,diet,depression,TMAO,and TNF‑a in persons with HF and warrants further examination to clarify pathological links to solidify evidence for better guidance with dietary modifications.The literature reviewed in this study demonstrates that more work is needed to examine dietary planning,social support,and differences between men and women in the B/A community.Results of this literature review call attention to the essential,personalized care needs related to symptom monitoring and dietary planning which is expected to decrease symptom burden in the HF population.展开更多
文摘Objective To explore the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in a cohort aged 40 years and above in Songjiang District,Shanghai,and to analyze the association of Mediterranean diet pattern and dietary approaches in stopping hypertension pattern(DASH)with the risk of developing COPD.Methods Based on a natural population cohort in Songjiang District,Shanghai,27474 adults aged 40 years and above who did not have COPD at baseline were enrolled in the study.The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the association of baseline Mediterranean diet pattern score and DASH score with the risk of COPD,and the hazard ratio(HR)of the risk and its 95%CI were calculated.Restricted cubic spline was used to analyze the nonlinear association between the two diet scores and the risk of COPD.Stratified analyses were performed according to gender,age,smoking status,etc.Sensitivity analysesswere conducted by censoring cases ddiagnosed within one year after the baseline survey or people with a history of malignant tumor disease.Results As of June 30,2023,after a median follow-up time of 6.21 years,there were 1089(4.0%)new COPD cases with an incidence density of 64.00 per 10000 person-years.After adjusting for relevant confounders,in the Mediterranean tertile subgroups under diet pattern score,the risk of developing COPD could be reduced by approximately 14%in the intermediate scoring group(HR=0.86,95%CI:0.75-0.99)and 15%in the highest scoring group(HR=0.85,95%Cl:0.72-0.99)compared to the lowest scoring group.The association remained after censoring cases diagnosed within one year of the baseline survey(HR=0.82,95%CI:0.70-0.95;HR=0.82,95%CI:0.68-0.97)or censoring people with a history of malignant tumor disease(HR=0.84,95%CI:0.73-0.97;HR=0.84,95%CI:0.71-0.99).No statistical association was found between the DASH score and the risk of COPD.Conclusion The Mediterranean diet pattern is associated with a lower risk of COPD.Increasing the intake of vegetables,fruits,legumes,and whole grains and decreasing the intake of red meat and others can reduce the risk of COPD.No association is found between the DASH dietary pattern and the risk of COPD in this community population.
文摘Objective: The goal of this study was to identify commonly consumed grain food patterns in US adults (≥19 years old;N = 14,384) and compare nutrient intakes, with focus on 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, diet quality, and health parameters of those consuming various grain food patterns to those not consuming grains. Methods: This study conducted secondary analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2010. Cluster analysis was used and identified 8 grain patterns: 1) no consumption of main grain groups, 2) crackers and salty snacks, 3) yeast breads and rolls, 4) cakes, cookies, and pies, 5) cereals, 6) pasta, cooked cereals and rice, 7) quick breads, and 8) mixed grains. Results: Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” had a better diet quality compared to no grains. Consuming many, but not all, of the grain food patterns resulted in less saturated fat and lower added sugars. Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” and “quick breads” had greater dietary fiber intake vs. no grains group. Calcium intake was increased in the cereals group, while magnesium intake was greater in adults consuming “cereals” and “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” vs. no grains. Vitamin D (D2 + D3) intake was higher in adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” vs. no grain group. Adults consuming “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” had lower body weights (79.1 ± 0.7 vs. 82.5 ± 1.2 kg;P = 0.009) and waist circumference (95.2 ± 0.6 vs. 98.2 ± 1.0 cm;P = 0.004) in comparison to those consuming no grains. Conclusions: Certain grain food patterns are associated with greater 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, better diet quality and lower body weights in adults. Additionally, certain grain food patterns are associated with lower intake of nutrients to limit, including saturated fat and added sugars.
文摘目的:厘清植物性饮食的概念内涵,为植物性饮食的研究和实践提供理论指导。方法:系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Scopus数据库中与植物性饮食有关的文献,检索时限为建库至2024年12月30日。依据Walker及Avant概念分析法进行植物性饮食的概念分析。结果:共纳入48篇文献。植物性饮食包括食物来源以植物为主、多样化的食物选择、可能限制或排除动物产品3个定义属性。前因包括自身因素、社会因素、经济因素;后果包括健康益处、健康潜在风险、环境影响。结论:通过概念分析明确了植物性饮食概念属性。未来可针对植物性饮食的积极影响展开研究,提高公众接受度,并对植物性饮食的个性化干预进行更为系统、深入的研究。
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Malnutrition due to poor feeding habits, is still a serious public health issue in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary patterns and nutritional status of women of childbearing age in various geographical settings in Cameroon so as to propose intervention strategies. <strong>Methods:</strong> In a cross sectional study conducted from January 2014 to August 2015, women aged 14 - 49 years were randomly selected from the capital city Yaounde and four regions of Cameroon. Anthropometric measures were collected for nutritional status assessment. Data on diet habits and socio-demographic parameters were collected. <strong>Results:</strong> 608 women of reproductive age with average age 34.68 ± 0.39 years made up the study. Dietary patterns assessment revealed that, most study participants had a frequent intake of carbohydrate rich foods and fats and oils rich foods;but an infrequent intake of protein rich foods and vitamin and minerals rich foods in a week. Nutritional status assessment revealed that, 2.1% were underweight, 28.6% had a normal weight, 30.8% overweight, and 38.5% obese. The grass field regions presented the highest prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity. Higher malnutrition levels were linked to low intakes of pulses and beans;milk and dairy products;vegetables and fruits food groups. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Women of the study population had an unhealthy dietary pattern and a poor nutritional status. Therefore, strategies such as nutritional education are warranted and should be age and region specific, so as to target specific groups of women and ensure adequate nutritional status and health.
文摘Heart failure(HF)is characterized by high symptom burden including,but not limited to fatigue,dyspnea,and edema.Up to 21.5%of HF patients experience significant depressive symptoms,much higher than 7.1%in adults without HF.Diet,metabolites,and other inflammatory mechanisms have gained notable attention in recent studies for contributions to symptoms in HF.Symptoms for black adults(B/As)with HF are often influenced by lifestyle factors,which may influence their higher mortality rates;few studies address these factors.Distinguishing the links between key elements with diet,inflammation,and symptoms may bring clarity for new dietary strategies in HF clinical care.The purpose of this integrative review is to examine the existing literature regarding relationships among physiologic pathways in HF along with physical and emotional symptoms in the context of inflammation,dietary intake,tumor necrosis factor‑alpha(TNF‑a),a biomarker of inflammation,and trimethylamine‑N‑Oxide(TMAO).Based on available evidence,inflammation may be a key link between physical symptoms,diet,depression,TMAO,and TNF‑a in persons with HF and warrants further examination to clarify pathological links to solidify evidence for better guidance with dietary modifications.The literature reviewed in this study demonstrates that more work is needed to examine dietary planning,social support,and differences between men and women in the B/A community.Results of this literature review call attention to the essential,personalized care needs related to symptom monitoring and dietary planning which is expected to decrease symptom burden in the HF population.
