Purpose:This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the environmental management control tools literature.It seeks to summarize this body of literature’s growth and identify the most influential auth...Purpose:This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the environmental management control tools literature.It seeks to summarize this body of literature’s growth and identify the most influential authors,journals,and articles in this field.The main objective of this article is to determine which tools are most prominent in the literature.Methodology/approach:The study examined 541 articles published in 126 academically indexed journals in the Scopus database.The analyzed timeframe covers the period from 2011 to 2023.We used VOSviewer software for statistical calculations to map the collaborations among authors and journals and to develop a conceptual and intellectual map of the field.Results:Our findings show that the literature on environmental management control tools is flourishing.The authors who dominated this period are mainly Schaltegger,Sala,and Ulgiati.The Journal of Cleaner Production is the primary source of publications,with an astounding 241 documents.The United States attained the leading position in terms of publication with 86 documents,which explains its willingness to collaborate with other countries,followed by China and Australia with 70 and 66 papers,respectively.Finally,bibliometric analysis shows that“life cycle assessment”,“cost-benefit analysis”,and“sustainability reporting”are the most prominent tools in research on this topic.Originality/value:This article provides several starting points for researchers and practitioners investigating environmental management control tools.It contributes to broadening the field’s vision and then offers recommendations for future studies.展开更多
A large-scale high altitude environment simulation test cabin was developed to accurately control temperatures and pressures encountered at high altitudes. The system was developed to provide slope-tracking dynamic co...A large-scale high altitude environment simulation test cabin was developed to accurately control temperatures and pressures encountered at high altitudes. The system was developed to provide slope-tracking dynamic control of the temperature–pressure two-parameter and overcome the control difficulties inherent to a large inertia lag link with a complex control system which is composed of turbine refrigeration device, vacuum device and liquid nitrogen cooling device. The system includes multi-parameter decoupling of the cabin itself to avoid equipment damage of air refrigeration turbine caused by improper operation. Based on analysis of the dynamic characteristics and modeling for variations in temperature, pressure and rotation speed, an intelligent controller was implemented that includes decoupling and fuzzy arithmetic combined with an expert PID controller to control test parameters by decoupling and slope tracking control strategy. The control system employed centralized management in an open industrial ethernet architecture with an industrial computer at the core. The simulation and field debugging and running results show that this method can solve the problems of a poor anti-interference performance typical for a conventional PID and overshooting that can readily damage equipment. The steady-state characteristics meet the system requirements.展开更多
To enclose the interactive relation between the underground mining with suitable protection for surface ecological environments and surface prevention of ecological environments adapting to mining disturbing was resea...To enclose the interactive relation between the underground mining with suitable protection for surface ecological environments and surface prevention of ecological environments adapting to mining disturbing was researched and developed core of this technique. There are three aspects of controlling ecological environments, to dispose and renew before exploitation, to protect surface ecological environments in the exploitative process and to repair and build up after exploitation. Based on the moving law of overburden strata in shallow seam, the surface subsidence law and the growth law of vegetation in subsidence mine area, the integrated controlling technique has been developed synthetically by methods of theoretic analysis, laboratory simulation, numerical calculation, commercial test etc.. It includes the key techniques of aquifer-protective mining, filtering and purging of mine water through goaf, preventing and extinguishing fire in shallow seam no-rock roadway layout and waste disposal in underground, frame-building ecological functional sphere before exploitation, frame-building the ecological cycle using system after mining and so on.展开更多
The design and assembly of environmental monitoring and control system for large-scale pig house with fermentation bed helped to solve the problem of environmental automatic control in piggery.The sensors would monito...The design and assembly of environmental monitoring and control system for large-scale pig house with fermentation bed helped to solve the problem of environmental automatic control in piggery.The sensors would monitor the temperature,humidity,light,wind direction,wind speed,CO2,NH3and other parameters.On-line real-time data collection was achieved.The expert system was constructed to control the temperature in piggery below 30℃,to control the air and mattress humidities higher than 65%.Under the conditions of different season or different wind speed,even in day and night,the control actuators were different.The actuators included fanning wet curtain,lighting,micro spraying,spraying,propeller fan,electric aluminum alloy shutter and spraying systems on the roof.The actuators were integrated,and they control the piggery environment simultaneously.The system also designed the remote video monitor interface,parameter-monitoring curved interface and operation interface,which provided a good man-machine interface.展开更多
The structure and characteristics of a large multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin are introduced.Due to the diffculties of control methods and the easily damaged characteristics,control systems for the large...The structure and characteristics of a large multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin are introduced.Due to the diffculties of control methods and the easily damaged characteristics,control systems for the large multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin are diffcult to be controlled quickly and accurately with a classical PID algorithm.Considering the dynamic state characteristics of the environmental simulation test chamber,a lumped parameter model of the control system is established to accurately control the multiple parameters of the environmental chamber and a fuzzy control algorithm combined with expert-PID decision is introduced into the temperature,pressure,and rotation speed control systems.Both simulations and experimental results have shown that compared with classical PID control,this fuzzy-expert control method can decrease overshoot as well as enhance the capacity of anti-dynamic disturbance with robustness.It can also resolve the contradiction between rapidity and small overshoot,and is suitable for application in a large multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin control system.展开更多
Projections for 20 years of economic growth and change in the structure of the Thai economy were made for 180 sectors using a computable general equilibrium(CGE) model to compare the following four scenarios:(1) stand...Projections for 20 years of economic growth and change in the structure of the Thai economy were made for 180 sectors using a computable general equilibrium(CGE) model to compare the following four scenarios:(1) standard growth with infinite supply of factors,(2) finite land supply,(3) fixed use of agricultural chemicals,and(4) combined finite land supply with fixed use of agricultural chemicals.The computable projections suggest that the economic cost of hypothetical environmental control in agriculture is small and further weakened by urbanization.The computed structural development points to efficiency improvements specific to sectors to return the economy to balanced growth.展开更多
Water supply is the primary element of an urban system. Due to rapid urbanization and water scarcity, maintaining a stable and safe water supply has become a challenge to many cities, whereas a large amount of water i...Water supply is the primary element of an urban system. Due to rapid urbanization and water scarcity, maintaining a stable and safe water supply has become a challenge to many cities, whereas a large amount of water is lost from the pipes of distribution systems. Water leakage is not only a waste of water resources, but also incurs great socio-economic costs. This article presents a comprehensive review on the potential water leakage control approaches and specifically discusses the benefits of each to environmental conservation. It is concluded that water leakage could be further reduced by improving leakage detection capability through a combination of predictive modeling and monitoring instruments, optimizing pipe maintenance strategy, and developing an instant pressure regulation system. The environment could benefit from these actions because of water savings and the reduction of energy consumption as well as greenhouse gas emissions.展开更多
Abstract This paper conducts a simulation study of a novel aircraft environmental control system based on membrane dehumidification （MD-ECS）, and compares the system with the up-to-date four-wheel high pressure de-w...Abstract This paper conducts a simulation study of a novel aircraft environmental control system based on membrane dehumidification （MD-ECS）, and compares the system with the up-to-date four-wheel high pressure de-water system （4WHPDW-ECS）. Mathematical models for the two sys- tems are established, and a system simulation using a numerical technique is performed to analyze and compare the cooling performance of the two systems. Simulation results show that the cooling capacity of MD-ECS is much higher than that of 4WHPDW-ECS under the same working conditions, indicating that the novel system is theoretically feasible and promising. The effects of the sweep ratio of the membrane dehumidifier on the dehumidification and cooling performance of the system is also investigated.展开更多
The research objective of this review is to discuss the rationale that led to the development of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and investigate this agricultural approach as a potential solution to mitigate ...The research objective of this review is to discuss the rationale that led to the development of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and investigate this agricultural approach as a potential solution to mitigate the increased pressures on food security. It describes the need for urban cultivation systems using controlled environments and how they can be harnessed to address pressures facing food security. The factors that have contributed to the growth of CEAs, education, environmental justice, and the advantages and disadvantages of growing crops in CEAs in urban areas will be discussed. The article reviews global urban cultivation systems using controlled environments, by identifying the technologies needed to establish them. The practice of CEA is being increasingly adopted worldwide and we describe urban agriculture and compare it with traditional growing systems. Indoor farming systems that integrate into existing urban infrastructure such as vertical farming and plant factories using CEAs are discussed. Indoor farming gives urban areas enhanced access to food sources, but the cost is high, however decreasing due to recent technological advances. The current review extends the literature by incorporating recent research on the topic of agriculture in urban areas and food security. This review seeks to provide additional information regarding the viability of CEA in urban areas.展开更多
[Objeetive] We aimed to calculate the flow of controlling units in a small watershed based on GIS technology. [Method] Hydrologic analysis on Qingyi River was conducted by using ArcGIS9.0, and the controlling units wi...[Objeetive] We aimed to calculate the flow of controlling units in a small watershed based on GIS technology. [Method] Hydrologic analysis on Qingyi River was conducted by using ArcGIS9.0, and the controlling units with response of water-land were divided according to the riv- er monitoring sections of Xuchang City; considering the wastewater entering the river and the water from its upper reach, the runoff of controlling sections in the driest month （ with guarantee rate of 90% ） was calculated by means of isoline, runoff coefficient and hydrologic analogy method, and the calculated value of Gaocun Bridge section in Linying was contrasted with the measured value in 2010. [Result] The results showed that the cal- culated value and measured value of Gaecun Bridge section in Linying in the driest month of 2010 were 6.03 and 5.93 m^3/s respectively, with relative error of 1.69%, which revealed that the result of calculated runoff was reasonable. [ Conclusion] The way to divide controlling units was reason- able, and the calculation result of runoff was accurate and can meet the precision of water environment capacity calculation.展开更多
Objective To investigate the association between autism and prenatal environmental risk factors.Methods A case-control study was conducted among 193 children with autism from the specialeducational schools and 733 typ...Objective To investigate the association between autism and prenatal environmental risk factors.Methods A case-control study was conducted among 193 children with autism from the specialeducational schools and 733 typical development controls matched by age and gender by usingquestionnaire in Tianjin from 2007 to 2012. Statistical analysis included quick unbiased efficientstatistical tree （QUEST） and logistic regression in SPSS 20.0.Results There were four predictors by QUEST and the logistic regression analysis, maternal airconditioner use during pregnancy （OR=0.316, 95% CI： 0.215-0.463） was the single first-level node（χ2=50.994, P=0.000）; newborn complications （OR=4.277, 95% CI： 2.314-7.908） and paternalconsumption of freshwater fish （OR=0.383, 95% CI： 0.256-0.573） were second-layer predictors（χ2=45.248, P=0.000; χ2=24.212, P=0.000）; and maternal depression （OR=4.822, 95% CI： 3.047-7.631）was the single third-level predictor （χ2=23.835, P=0.000）. The prediction accuracy of the tree was 89.2%.Conclusion The air conditioner use during pregnancy and paternal freshwater fish diet might bebeneficial for the prevention of autism, while newborn complications and maternal depression might bethe risk factors.展开更多
In 2018,the rural revitalization strategy proposed by the No. 1 Document of the central government. Based on the current situation of rural environmental pollution in China,this paper explored the relationship between...In 2018,the rural revitalization strategy proposed by the No. 1 Document of the central government. Based on the current situation of rural environmental pollution in China,this paper explored the relationship between rural revitalization strategy and prevention and control of rural environmental pollution. On this basis,it analyzed the causes of serious rural environmental pollution in China,Finally,it came up with recommendations including establishing a sound rural environmental governance system,making diversified capital investment for nurturing " green farmers".展开更多
There are some disadvantages, such as complicated wiring, high cost, poor monitoring flexibility, low accuracy and high energy consumption in traditional greenhouse environment monitoring system which based on previou...There are some disadvantages, such as complicated wiring, high cost, poor monitoring flexibility, low accuracy and high energy consumption in traditional greenhouse environment monitoring system which based on previous wireless sensor networks （WSN）. Aiming at these problems, a greenhouse environmental parameter monitoring system had been designed based on internet of things technology in this paper. A set of control system with good robustness, strong adaptive ability and small overshoot was set up by combining the fuzzy proportion-integral-derivative （PID） control. The system was composed of a number of independent greenhouse monitoring systems. The server could provide remote monitoring access management services after the collected data were transmitted. The data transmission part of greenhouse was based on ZigBee networking protocol. And the data were sent to intelligent system via gateway connected to the internet. Compared to the classical PID control and fuzzy control, the fuzzy PID control could quickly and accurately adjust the corresponding parameters to the set target. The overshoot was also relatively small. The simulation results showed that the amount of overshoot was reduced 20% compared with classical PID control.展开更多
Based on the interpretation of the subway operation environment and the energy consumption of the environmental control system, the application of intelligent environmental control system (IECS) technology and the opt...Based on the interpretation of the subway operation environment and the energy consumption of the environmental control system, the application of intelligent environmental control system (IECS) technology and the optimization of design scheme are explored in detail, among which the technology application includes the configuration of high-efficiency equipment and frequency conversion technology, the overall measurement of system operation parameters, the use of low-resistance devices, etc. In order to clarify the application of the above technologies, a third-party testing agency is invited to test the energy efficiency, and strive to achieve the energy-saving target under the special operating conditions of the subway stations throughout the year.展开更多
With the rapid development of economy and society, people's living standard has been continuously improved, but the impact of development on the ecological environment is also huge. In order to further build a goo...With the rapid development of economy and society, people's living standard has been continuously improved, but the impact of development on the ecological environment is also huge. In order to further build a good natural ecological environment, we can explore the application of "three lines and one list" ecological environment zoning management and control technology, and improve the overall level of ecological environment protection and control. The article mainly focuses on the "three lines and one list" ecological environment zoning management and control technology and methods for in-depth exploration.展开更多
As China strives towards the second centenary goal,increasing attention is being paid to environmental pollution and other related issues.Concurrently,with the rapid development of big data technology,many big data so...As China strives towards the second centenary goal,increasing attention is being paid to environmental pollution and other related issues.Concurrently,with the rapid development of big data technology,many big data solutions have been applied to environmental pollution control audits,exerting a significant impact.This paper presents the current situation of environmental pollution audits,summarizing the application of big data from the perspectives of both domestic and international research.In terms of data collection and data analysis for environmental pollution audits,cloud platform technology,and visualization technology are selected based on multiple data sources.The impact in the field of environmental pollution control audits is further analyzed.It is found that the environmental pollution audit cloud platform is not yet perfect,the technical skills of audit personnel are insufficient,and some technologies are not mature.Relevant suggestions are put forward to provide a reference for the future development of big data technology and its integration with environmental pollution control audits.展开更多
Optimal control of greenhouse climate is one of the key techniques in digital agriculture.Greenhouse climate,a nonlinear and uncertain system,consists of several major environmental factors such as temperature,humidit...Optimal control of greenhouse climate is one of the key techniques in digital agriculture.Greenhouse climate,a nonlinear and uncertain system,consists of several major environmental factors such as temperature,humidity,light intensity,and CO 2 concentration.Due to the complex coupled correlations,it is a challenge to achieve coordination control of greenhouse environmental factors.This paper proposes a model-free coordination control approach for greenhouse environmental factors based on Q-learning.Coordination control policy is found through systematic interaction with the dynamic environment to achieve optimal control for greenhouse climate with the control cost constraints.In order to decrease systematic trial-and-error risk and reduce the computational complexity in Q-learning algorithm,case-based reasoning （CBR） is seamlessly incorporated into the Q-learning process.The experimental results demonstrate that this approach is practical,highly effective and efficient.展开更多
Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental poll...Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental pollution problem generated by dairy farming in Inner Mongolia and its cause were analyzed,and prevention and control measures were put forward. The research result showed that weak technology support of environmental treatment and environmental-protection awareness of dairy farmer and bad application effect of pollution control technology caused by lower education degree of dairy farmer were main reasons for environmental pollution problem. We should develop dairy circular economy,advocate a moderate scale,scientifically breed,and enhance training of pollution control technology and propaganda to protect environment.展开更多
ALS is a degenerative disease which affects the patients muscular activity in feet and hands, leading to a bed ridden status. The loss of independency affects their will to live, for this reason an environmental contr...ALS is a degenerative disease which affects the patients muscular activity in feet and hands, leading to a bed ridden status. The loss of independency affects their will to live, for this reason an environmental control system to handle the home appliances and make telephone calls is proposed. The system uses a tablet as a visual human interface so that the patient can select the desired appliance by selecting the corresponding item on the tablet screen. Based on the remaining patient’s abilities an input device that detects slight finger movement is proposed. In this paper three types of input devices are considered and their performance is evaluated by four ALS patients. Their comments about the usage of the devices are discussed in this work. Finally the environmental control was implemented on an ALS patient home and their impressions were satisfactory for the patients, relatives and care-givers.展开更多
文摘Purpose:This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the environmental management control tools literature.It seeks to summarize this body of literature’s growth and identify the most influential authors,journals,and articles in this field.The main objective of this article is to determine which tools are most prominent in the literature.Methodology/approach:The study examined 541 articles published in 126 academically indexed journals in the Scopus database.The analyzed timeframe covers the period from 2011 to 2023.We used VOSviewer software for statistical calculations to map the collaborations among authors and journals and to develop a conceptual and intellectual map of the field.Results:Our findings show that the literature on environmental management control tools is flourishing.The authors who dominated this period are mainly Schaltegger,Sala,and Ulgiati.The Journal of Cleaner Production is the primary source of publications,with an astounding 241 documents.The United States attained the leading position in terms of publication with 86 documents,which explains its willingness to collaborate with other countries,followed by China and Australia with 70 and 66 papers,respectively.Finally,bibliometric analysis shows that“life cycle assessment”,“cost-benefit analysis”,and“sustainability reporting”are the most prominent tools in research on this topic.Originality/value:This article provides several starting points for researchers and practitioners investigating environmental management control tools.It contributes to broadening the field’s vision and then offers recommendations for future studies.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foun-dation of China(No.2012XX51043)‘‘Fanzhou’’Youth Scientific Funds of China(No.20100504)
文摘A large-scale high altitude environment simulation test cabin was developed to accurately control temperatures and pressures encountered at high altitudes. The system was developed to provide slope-tracking dynamic control of the temperature–pressure two-parameter and overcome the control difficulties inherent to a large inertia lag link with a complex control system which is composed of turbine refrigeration device, vacuum device and liquid nitrogen cooling device. The system includes multi-parameter decoupling of the cabin itself to avoid equipment damage of air refrigeration turbine caused by improper operation. Based on analysis of the dynamic characteristics and modeling for variations in temperature, pressure and rotation speed, an intelligent controller was implemented that includes decoupling and fuzzy arithmetic combined with an expert PID controller to control test parameters by decoupling and slope tracking control strategy. The control system employed centralized management in an open industrial ethernet architecture with an industrial computer at the core. The simulation and field debugging and running results show that this method can solve the problems of a poor anti-interference performance typical for a conventional PID and overshooting that can readily damage equipment. The steady-state characteristics meet the system requirements.
文摘To enclose the interactive relation between the underground mining with suitable protection for surface ecological environments and surface prevention of ecological environments adapting to mining disturbing was researched and developed core of this technique. There are three aspects of controlling ecological environments, to dispose and renew before exploitation, to protect surface ecological environments in the exploitative process and to repair and build up after exploitation. Based on the moving law of overburden strata in shallow seam, the surface subsidence law and the growth law of vegetation in subsidence mine area, the integrated controlling technique has been developed synthetically by methods of theoretic analysis, laboratory simulation, numerical calculation, commercial test etc.. It includes the key techniques of aquifer-protective mining, filtering and purging of mine water through goaf, preventing and extinguishing fire in shallow seam no-rock roadway layout and waste disposal in underground, frame-building ecological functional sphere before exploitation, frame-building the ecological cycle using system after mining and so on.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303094)International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China(2012DFA31120)National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2012BAD14B15)
文摘The design and assembly of environmental monitoring and control system for large-scale pig house with fermentation bed helped to solve the problem of environmental automatic control in piggery.The sensors would monitor the temperature,humidity,light,wind direction,wind speed,CO2,NH3and other parameters.On-line real-time data collection was achieved.The expert system was constructed to control the temperature in piggery below 30℃,to control the air and mattress humidities higher than 65%.Under the conditions of different season or different wind speed,even in day and night,the control actuators were different.The actuators included fanning wet curtain,lighting,micro spraying,spraying,propeller fan,electric aluminum alloy shutter and spraying systems on the roof.The actuators were integrated,and they control the piggery environment simultaneously.The system also designed the remote video monitor interface,parameter-monitoring curved interface and operation interface,which provided a good man-machine interface.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2012ZD51043)‘‘Fanzhou’’ Youth Scientifc Funds(No.20100504)
文摘The structure and characteristics of a large multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin are introduced.Due to the diffculties of control methods and the easily damaged characteristics,control systems for the large multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin are diffcult to be controlled quickly and accurately with a classical PID algorithm.Considering the dynamic state characteristics of the environmental simulation test chamber,a lumped parameter model of the control system is established to accurately control the multiple parameters of the environmental chamber and a fuzzy control algorithm combined with expert-PID decision is introduced into the temperature,pressure,and rotation speed control systems.Both simulations and experimental results have shown that compared with classical PID control,this fuzzy-expert control method can decrease overshoot as well as enhance the capacity of anti-dynamic disturbance with robustness.It can also resolve the contradiction between rapidity and small overshoot,and is suitable for application in a large multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin control system.
基金supported by School of Social and Environmental Development,National Institute of Development Administration,Bangkok,Thailand[grant date:8 August 2012]
文摘Projections for 20 years of economic growth and change in the structure of the Thai economy were made for 180 sectors using a computable general equilibrium(CGE) model to compare the following four scenarios:(1) standard growth with infinite supply of factors,(2) finite land supply,(3) fixed use of agricultural chemicals,and(4) combined finite land supply with fixed use of agricultural chemicals.The computable projections suggest that the economic cost of hypothetical environmental control in agriculture is small and further weakened by urbanization.The computed structural development points to efficiency improvements specific to sectors to return the economy to balanced growth.
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.51309216)the Ministry of Sciences and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(No.2012ZX07408-002)
文摘Water supply is the primary element of an urban system. Due to rapid urbanization and water scarcity, maintaining a stable and safe water supply has become a challenge to many cities, whereas a large amount of water is lost from the pipes of distribution systems. Water leakage is not only a waste of water resources, but also incurs great socio-economic costs. This article presents a comprehensive review on the potential water leakage control approaches and specifically discusses the benefits of each to environmental conservation. It is concluded that water leakage could be further reduced by improving leakage detection capability through a combination of predictive modeling and monitoring instruments, optimizing pipe maintenance strategy, and developing an instant pressure regulation system. The environment could benefit from these actions because of water savings and the reduction of energy consumption as well as greenhouse gas emissions.
基金support from Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2011ZC09006)
文摘Abstract This paper conducts a simulation study of a novel aircraft environmental control system based on membrane dehumidification （MD-ECS）, and compares the system with the up-to-date four-wheel high pressure de-water system （4WHPDW-ECS）. Mathematical models for the two sys- tems are established, and a system simulation using a numerical technique is performed to analyze and compare the cooling performance of the two systems. Simulation results show that the cooling capacity of MD-ECS is much higher than that of 4WHPDW-ECS under the same working conditions, indicating that the novel system is theoretically feasible and promising. The effects of the sweep ratio of the membrane dehumidifier on the dehumidification and cooling performance of the system is also investigated.
文摘The research objective of this review is to discuss the rationale that led to the development of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and investigate this agricultural approach as a potential solution to mitigate the increased pressures on food security. It describes the need for urban cultivation systems using controlled environments and how they can be harnessed to address pressures facing food security. The factors that have contributed to the growth of CEAs, education, environmental justice, and the advantages and disadvantages of growing crops in CEAs in urban areas will be discussed. The article reviews global urban cultivation systems using controlled environments, by identifying the technologies needed to establish them. The practice of CEA is being increasingly adopted worldwide and we describe urban agriculture and compare it with traditional growing systems. Indoor farming systems that integrate into existing urban infrastructure such as vertical farming and plant factories using CEAs are discussed. Indoor farming gives urban areas enhanced access to food sources, but the cost is high, however decreasing due to recent technological advances. The current review extends the literature by incorporating recent research on the topic of agriculture in urban areas and food security. This review seeks to provide additional information regarding the viability of CEA in urban areas.
文摘[Objeetive] We aimed to calculate the flow of controlling units in a small watershed based on GIS technology. [Method] Hydrologic analysis on Qingyi River was conducted by using ArcGIS9.0, and the controlling units with response of water-land were divided according to the riv- er monitoring sections of Xuchang City; considering the wastewater entering the river and the water from its upper reach, the runoff of controlling sections in the driest month （ with guarantee rate of 90% ） was calculated by means of isoline, runoff coefficient and hydrologic analogy method, and the calculated value of Gaocun Bridge section in Linying was contrasted with the measured value in 2010. [Result] The results showed that the cal- culated value and measured value of Gaecun Bridge section in Linying in the driest month of 2010 were 6.03 and 5.93 m^3/s respectively, with relative error of 1.69%, which revealed that the result of calculated runoff was reasonable. [ Conclusion] The way to divide controlling units was reason- able, and the calculation result of runoff was accurate and can meet the precision of water environment capacity calculation.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No.81072313
文摘Objective To investigate the association between autism and prenatal environmental risk factors.Methods A case-control study was conducted among 193 children with autism from the specialeducational schools and 733 typical development controls matched by age and gender by usingquestionnaire in Tianjin from 2007 to 2012. Statistical analysis included quick unbiased efficientstatistical tree （QUEST） and logistic regression in SPSS 20.0.Results There were four predictors by QUEST and the logistic regression analysis, maternal airconditioner use during pregnancy （OR=0.316, 95% CI： 0.215-0.463） was the single first-level node（χ2=50.994, P=0.000）; newborn complications （OR=4.277, 95% CI： 2.314-7.908） and paternalconsumption of freshwater fish （OR=0.383, 95% CI： 0.256-0.573） were second-layer predictors（χ2=45.248, P=0.000; χ2=24.212, P=0.000）; and maternal depression （OR=4.822, 95% CI： 3.047-7.631）was the single third-level predictor （χ2=23.835, P=0.000）. The prediction accuracy of the tree was 89.2%.Conclusion The air conditioner use during pregnancy and paternal freshwater fish diet might bebeneficial for the prevention of autism, while newborn complications and maternal depression might bethe risk factors.
文摘In 2018,the rural revitalization strategy proposed by the No. 1 Document of the central government. Based on the current situation of rural environmental pollution in China,this paper explored the relationship between rural revitalization strategy and prevention and control of rural environmental pollution. On this basis,it analyzed the causes of serious rural environmental pollution in China,Finally,it came up with recommendations including establishing a sound rural environmental governance system,making diversified capital investment for nurturing " green farmers".
基金Supported by the 13th Five-year National Key R&D Program:Development and Verification of Information Perception and Environment Intelligent Control System for Dairy Cattle and Beef Cattle(2016YFD0700204-02)Quality and Brand Construction of "Internet+County Characteristic Agricultural Products"(ZY17C06)
文摘There are some disadvantages, such as complicated wiring, high cost, poor monitoring flexibility, low accuracy and high energy consumption in traditional greenhouse environment monitoring system which based on previous wireless sensor networks （WSN）. Aiming at these problems, a greenhouse environmental parameter monitoring system had been designed based on internet of things technology in this paper. A set of control system with good robustness, strong adaptive ability and small overshoot was set up by combining the fuzzy proportion-integral-derivative （PID） control. The system was composed of a number of independent greenhouse monitoring systems. The server could provide remote monitoring access management services after the collected data were transmitted. The data transmission part of greenhouse was based on ZigBee networking protocol. And the data were sent to intelligent system via gateway connected to the internet. Compared to the classical PID control and fuzzy control, the fuzzy PID control could quickly and accurately adjust the corresponding parameters to the set target. The overshoot was also relatively small. The simulation results showed that the amount of overshoot was reduced 20% compared with classical PID control.
文摘Based on the interpretation of the subway operation environment and the energy consumption of the environmental control system, the application of intelligent environmental control system (IECS) technology and the optimization of design scheme are explored in detail, among which the technology application includes the configuration of high-efficiency equipment and frequency conversion technology, the overall measurement of system operation parameters, the use of low-resistance devices, etc. In order to clarify the application of the above technologies, a third-party testing agency is invited to test the energy efficiency, and strive to achieve the energy-saving target under the special operating conditions of the subway stations throughout the year.
文摘With the rapid development of economy and society, people's living standard has been continuously improved, but the impact of development on the ecological environment is also huge. In order to further build a good natural ecological environment, we can explore the application of "three lines and one list" ecological environment zoning management and control technology, and improve the overall level of ecological environment protection and control. The article mainly focuses on the "three lines and one list" ecological environment zoning management and control technology and methods for in-depth exploration.
文摘As China strives towards the second centenary goal,increasing attention is being paid to environmental pollution and other related issues.Concurrently,with the rapid development of big data technology,many big data solutions have been applied to environmental pollution control audits,exerting a significant impact.This paper presents the current situation of environmental pollution audits,summarizing the application of big data from the perspectives of both domestic and international research.In terms of data collection and data analysis for environmental pollution audits,cloud platform technology,and visualization technology are selected based on multiple data sources.The impact in the field of environmental pollution control audits is further analyzed.It is found that the environmental pollution audit cloud platform is not yet perfect,the technical skills of audit personnel are insufficient,and some technologies are not mature.Relevant suggestions are put forward to provide a reference for the future development of big data technology and its integration with environmental pollution control audits.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundationof China(No.60775014)
文摘Optimal control of greenhouse climate is one of the key techniques in digital agriculture.Greenhouse climate,a nonlinear and uncertain system,consists of several major environmental factors such as temperature,humidity,light intensity,and CO 2 concentration.Due to the complex coupled correlations,it is a challenge to achieve coordination control of greenhouse environmental factors.This paper proposes a model-free coordination control approach for greenhouse environmental factors based on Q-learning.Coordination control policy is found through systematic interaction with the dynamic environment to achieve optimal control for greenhouse climate with the control cost constraints.In order to decrease systematic trial-and-error risk and reduce the computational complexity in Q-learning algorithm,case-based reasoning （CBR） is seamlessly incorporated into the Q-learning process.The experimental results demonstrate that this approach is practical,highly effective and efficient.
文摘Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental pollution problem generated by dairy farming in Inner Mongolia and its cause were analyzed,and prevention and control measures were put forward. The research result showed that weak technology support of environmental treatment and environmental-protection awareness of dairy farmer and bad application effect of pollution control technology caused by lower education degree of dairy farmer were main reasons for environmental pollution problem. We should develop dairy circular economy,advocate a moderate scale,scientifically breed,and enhance training of pollution control technology and propaganda to protect environment.
文摘ALS is a degenerative disease which affects the patients muscular activity in feet and hands, leading to a bed ridden status. The loss of independency affects their will to live, for this reason an environmental control system to handle the home appliances and make telephone calls is proposed. The system uses a tablet as a visual human interface so that the patient can select the desired appliance by selecting the corresponding item on the tablet screen. Based on the remaining patient’s abilities an input device that detects slight finger movement is proposed. In this paper three types of input devices are considered and their performance is evaluated by four ALS patients. Their comments about the usage of the devices are discussed in this work. Finally the environmental control was implemented on an ALS patient home and their impressions were satisfactory for the patients, relatives and care-givers.
