The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions l...The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions like calf diarrhea is an emerging area of research nowadays because of increased concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance(AMR)and drug residues in animal products.Probiotics reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea by increasing the gut microbiota diversity and richness with more commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium that produce antimicrobial compounds,as well as modulating the immune response by increasing cytokines,Interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and reducing tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),by increasing production of antibodies,especially immunoglobulin E(Ig E),also Ig G,differentiating naive Th lymphocytes(Tho)into Th1,hence stimulate innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune response.Specific probiotic strains of bacteria and yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)derived probiotics maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier.In this review,data are being organized to address the role of probiotics in treating calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and stimulating an immune response against notorious pathogens,to present animal and veterinary scientists and nutritionists with a new concept to treat infectious diseases from the perspective of the gut microbiota,increasing animal health,performance,and welfare.In conclusion,health status and gut microbiome are strongly interlinked.Research data indicated a significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea after probiotic administration.If interrelations between probiotics and existing gut microbiota are explored more quantitatively,novel antibiotic substitutes can emerge in the future.展开更多
Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions....Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions.A field blast experiment was conducted under close-in explosion with varying detonation offset distances(0 m,0.5 m,and 1 m),the overpressure load and dynamic responses of the full-scale RC columns were measured.Compared with the centrally detonated condition,a relative offset distance of 1.67 decreases the maximum and residual deflections of the RC column by 16.8%and 21.4%,respectively,while increasing the maximum and residual support rotations by 24.7%and 17.8%.Based on the experimental results,a theoretical model was proposed that considers the detonation location and charge mass,boundary conditions,axial compression ratio and material properties.The theoretical model exhibited good agreement with the experimental results,with prediction errors below 10%for both maximum and residual deflection.The effects of parameters were analyzed,and it indicated that an increase in offset distance results in decreased maximum and residual deflections but an increased support angle,thereby exacerbating damage.Higher axial load ratio,span-depth ratio,and longitudinal reinforcement ratio reduce both deflections and support angle.Additionally,a rapid method to predict the maximum and residual deflection of RC columns under off-central blast loading was also proposed based on the Generalized Regression Neural Network(GRNN).Eleven features which related to the RC column properties and the blast characteristics were used in the training process of GRNN,and accurate predictions were achieved with prediction errors within 20%.This study fills the gap in predicting the dynamic response of RC columns under off-central explosion,providing valuable references for blast-resistant design.展开更多
With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the ch...With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.展开更多
Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could in...Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could induce tinnitus.There are no standardized objective tests for tinnitus assessment because of its multifaceted nature.Hence,the current study aimed to explore the effect of Tinnitus on Latency and Amplitude of the Auditory Middle Latency Response in Audiological Attendees.The study recruited 50 individuals(25 normals and 25 individuals with tinnitus)who underwent audiological evaluations like Pure tone audiometry,immittance,pitch and loudness matching,THI and middle latency response.The IHS program was used to record MLR,which was obtained using tone burst stimuli of 500 Hz,1 KHz,2 KHz,and 4 KHz at a rate of 7.1/s with a constant duration of 5 ms,for a total of 1500 sweeps.As a covariate,pure tone thresholds were one of the variabilities that were addressed by ANCOVA.The amplitude of the Pa component varied significantly between the tinnitus and control groups,according to the MLR data and no other components of MLR reached that significance.Furthermore,there was no discernible variation in the latency or amplitude of MLR among any of the other components.The latency of the waveforms increased as the stimulus frequency increased.Karl Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlation between THI scores and any of the outcome measures except for Pa amplitude.As the Pa component of MLR showed maximum changes between controls and individuals with tinnitus,the Pa component could be considered a potential tool for identifying neurophysiological changes related to tinnitus.展开更多
Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has...Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has been verified to evaluate the performance of FENTs,but until recently,the response time,another crucial indicator,has been ignored.Employing finite-element method,we investigated the relationship among gate charge,switching ratio and response time by divisionally manipulating gate charge,including entrance surface and the surface of confinement space,for ion transport to optimize switching capability.The dual-split gate charge on FENTs exhibits synergistic effect on switching response.Based on the two regional gate charge on FENTs,multivalence ions in lower concentration,high aspect ratio and single channel show higher switching ratio but longer response time compared to monovalent ions.The findings highlight the necessity of balancing these two signals in FENTs and offer insights for optimizing their design and expanding applications to dual-signal-detection iontronics.展开更多
Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive ca...Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery in our hospital from June 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into the light anesthesia group(n=45)and the deep anesthesia group(n=44).The vital signs at different intraoperative nodes and perioperative stress status of the two groups were compared.Results:Before lesion resection and after surgery,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of the deep anesthesia group were lower than those of the light anesthesia group,with statistically significant differences.Conclusion:In thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery,deep anesthesia can effectively control the patient’s surgical stress response,but the postoperative awakening time is longer;patients under light anesthesia have a shorter awakening time,but the intraoperative stress response is obvious.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary app...BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.展开更多
Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused ...Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused on the deep double-line Sejila Mountain tunnel to systematically analyze the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration and to develop a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations.The results revealed that the presence of a cross passage significantly altered propagation paths and the spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity.The peak particle velocity(PPV)at the cross-passage corner was amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing.Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuated non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section,where PPV on the blast-face side was 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side.We propose an improved PPV attenuation model that accounts for the propagation path effect.This model significantly improved fitting accuracy and resolved anomalous parameter(k and a)estimates in traditional equations,thereby improving prediction reliability.Furthermore,based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration,optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting were discussed.These findings provide a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.展开更多
As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a ...As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a crucial role in rice growth and development,stress response,and hormone signal transduction.This review discusses the role of WRKY53 in stress response,focusing on its functions in cold tolerance,salt tolerance,disease resistance,and pest defense,and explores its role in regulating rice leaf senescence and seed germination.This article also proposes future research directions,including functional genomics studies,protein interaction network analyses,hormone signal transduction pathways,genetic improvement strategies,applications of gene editing technologies,molecular basis of stress responses,cross-species functional conservation,and bioinformatics and comparative genomics research.This review highlights the importance of WRKY53 in rice biology and provides new perspectives and strategies for future research and genetic improvement of rice.展开更多
Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)threatens lily production by reducing floral quality and enabling carry-over via infected planting stock.To explore tissue-specific host responses,we analyzed a legacy,single-replicate RNA-se...Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)threatens lily production by reducing floral quality and enabling carry-over via infected planting stock.To explore tissue-specific host responses,we analyzed a legacy,single-replicate RNA-seq dataset from two cultivars,‘Cancun’and‘Connecticut King’(CK),profiling leaf(source)and bulb(sink)tissues at 0 and 28 days post-inoculation(dpi),alongside leaf DAS-ELISA.Principal component analysis indicated that tissue identity dominated the transcriptome(PC1=47.7%),with CMV treatment driving within-tissue shifts over time.Exploratory Gene Ontology/KEGG summaries and a focused marker panel revealed a consistent split:in leaves,genes linked to jasmonate/WRKY-associated defense(e.g.,WRKY40/41/51/53;AOS/OPR1/2;CYP74A/DDE2)tended to show higher expression at 28 dpi,whereas cell-wall/transport-related terms were reduced;in bulbs,transcripts associated with photosynthetic/organellar maintenance(LHCB/CAB,HCF107)andβ-amylase-linked carbohydrate turnover were more prominent,with comparatively limited elevation of canonical defense modules.Leaf ELISA trajectories were compatible with this framework:CK showed a transient peak at 14 dpi followed by a decline at 24 dpi,whereas‘Cancun’increased progressively.Taken together,the concordance among ordination,enrichment patterns,marker behavior,and leaf titers in this non-replicated dataset is consistent with a working model in which stronger or earlier leaf responses may contribute to partial containment and reduced systemic accumulation.We propose a compact leaf marker set(WRKY40/41/51/53;AOS/OPR1/2;CYP74A/DDE2)and bulb candidates(β-amylase;LHCB/CAB/HCF107)as hypothesis-generating indicators of containment and sink maintenance.These tissue-resolved patterns provide a descriptive framework and a starting point for future validation by qPCR and replicated RNA-seq across additional cultivars,with the long-term goal of informing selection and stock hygiene in lily production.展开更多
[Objective]As wireless power transfer(WPT)technology is increasingly deployed in scenarios such as electric vehicles,metallic foreign objects in the WPT area may cause local overheating and energy loss.Existing method...[Objective]As wireless power transfer(WPT)technology is increasingly deployed in scenarios such as electric vehicles,metallic foreign objects in the WPT area may cause local overheating and energy loss.Existing methods still suffer from poor edge/corner sensitivity,misjudgment due to fixed thresholds,and limited ability to extract position information.This work proposes a wireless power transfer-foreign object detection(WPT-FOD)method based on channel differential response and a dynamic-threshold corner-enhancement strategy,aiming to improve detection sensitivity,localization accuracy,and robustness without altering the overall coil layout.[Method]A multi-channel detection coil array is designed,and the self-inductance disturbance response of each channel coil is modeled.A channel-difference mapping mechanism is introduced to build a 2-D sensitivity matrix to characterize spatial position correlation.A corner-enhancement algorithm is developed to weight and amplify the collaborative response of adjacent channels,and a dynamic threshold adjustment mechanism is integrated to adapt to varying interference levels.Validation is carried out on a self-built 64-channel FOD platform by moving a typical metallic foreign object across central,edge,and corner regions,and by conducting comparative tests under different interference intensities.[Result]When a typical metallic foreign object moves to corner regions,the self-inductance disturbance of the detection coil increases from less than 0.02μH to more than 0.06μH,significantly enhancing the discrimination capability at corners.Under varying interference strengths,the dynamic threshold mechanism reduces the number of false positives from 13 to 2,demonstrating good environmental adaptability and stability.[Conclusion]By combining channel differential response,corner enhancement,and dynamic thresholding,the proposed WPT-FOD effectively mitigates edge/corner blind spots and fixed-threshold misjudgment,while providing localization capability and robustness.It markedly improves the accuracy of metallic foreign object detection in WPT systems and offers a feasible path and method reference for the safe application and engineering deployment of WPT systems.展开更多
Tumor survival,genomic stability,and therapy resistance are dictated by the DNA damage response(DDR).Although poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors have established the DDR as a therapeutic target,many tumors eva...Tumor survival,genomic stability,and therapy resistance are dictated by the DNA damage response(DDR).Although poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors have established the DDR as a therapeutic target,many tumors evade first-generation drugs by rewiring their adaptive repair pathways and imposing microenvironmental constraints.This review synthesizes recent discoveries in key DDR pathways,such as PARP,ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase(ATR),ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase(ATM),checkpoint kinase 1(CHK1),WEE1 G2 checkpoint kinase(WEE1),and DNA-dependent protein kinase(DNA-PK),and describes the next-generation inhibitors designed to increase selectivity and circumvent resistance.We also analyze the role of hypoxia,stromal remodeling,inflammatory cytokines,and immune-cell plasticity in the tumor microenvironment in determining DDR dependency and response.Special attention is paid to cGAS-STING,immunogenic signaling via damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs),and mechanisms that convert a cold tumor into a hot one.Lastly,we touch upon the new nanocarrier-based delivery approaches that enhance pharmacokinetics,target resistant tumor niches,and expand the possibilities for combinatorics with immunotherapy and radiotherapy.Collectively,these findings provide a guide to the implementation of next-generation DDR inhibitors and nanomedicines to deliver a more accurate,durable,and context-specific cancer therapy.展开更多
Strong seismic excitation and fault dislocation are likely to occur simultaneously in high-intensity seismic zones,causing severe damage to tunnels crossing active fault zones.This paper aims to develop a novel analyt...Strong seismic excitation and fault dislocation are likely to occur simultaneously in high-intensity seismic zones,causing severe damage to tunnels crossing active fault zones.This paper aims to develop a novel analytical solution to determine the longitudinal mechanical responses of tunnels subjected to the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting.Adopting the elastic springbeam model,the seismic waves are modelled as shear horizontal(SH)waves and the fault dislocation follows an S-shaped pattern;the superposition principle for free-fielddisplacements caused by both effects is assumed.In addition,the transmission and reflectionof seismic waves at the fault-rock geological interface and the tangential contact conditions at the tunnel-rock interface are considered.The analytical model is validated against numerical simulations,confirmingits accuracy in calculating tunnel responses.Moreover,a parametric study is conducted to evaluate the impact of key factors,including fault displacement,fault zone width,fault dip angle,earthquake frequency,rock conditions,tunnel lining stiffness,and tangential contact conditions,on tunnel responses.Compared with each effect alone,the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting significantlychange the tunnel deformation and internal forces,leading to increased tunnel responses,especially within the fault zone and near the fault-rock interfaces.Depending on specificparameters,tunnel responses can be classifiedinto seismic-dominated,faulting-dominated,and seismic-faulting coupled responses on the basis of the relative contributions of each effect.The proposed analytical solution can be applied to quickly predict the longitudinal mechanical behaviour of tunnels under such combined effects in engineering applications.展开更多
To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that ...To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that integrates the laddered carbon trading mechanism with demand response.Firstly,a dual dimensional DR model is constructed based on the characteristics of load elasticity.The alternativeDRenables flexible substitution of energy loads through complementary conversion of electricity/heat/cold multi-energy sources,while the price DR relies on timeof-use electricity price signals to guide load spatiotemporal migration;Secondly,the LCT mechanism is introduced to achieve optimal carbon emission costs through a tiered carbon quota allocation mechanism.On this basis,an optimization decision model is established with the core objective of maximizing the annual net profit of the park.The objective function takes into account energy sales revenue,generator unit costs,and investment and operation costs of multiple types of energy storage facilities.Themodel constraint system covers three key dimensions:dynamic operation constraints of power generation units,including unit output limits,ramping capability,and minimum start-stop time;the physical boundary of an electric/hot/cold multi-energy storage system involves energy storage capacity and charge/discharge efficiency;The multi-energy network coupling balance equation ensures that the energy conversion and transmission process satisfies the law of conservation of energy.Using CPLEX mathematical programming solver for simulation verification,construct an energy storage capacity configuration decision process that includes LCT-DR synergistic effect.The research results show that compared with the traditional single energy storage configuration mode,this strategy effectively enhances the economic feasibility and engineering practicality of industrial park operation by coordinating demand side resource scheduling and finely controlling carbon costs,while maintaining stable system operation.Its methodological framework provides a technical path that combines theoretical rigor and practical operability for the low-carbon transformation of regional integrated energy systems.展开更多
Microwave roasting self-leaching is an innovative method for recovering gold from high-sulfur refractory gold concentrates,without using deadly toxic cyanide reagents.However,the mechanism of gold self-leaching,which ...Microwave roasting self-leaching is an innovative method for recovering gold from high-sulfur refractory gold concentrates,without using deadly toxic cyanide reagents.However,the mechanism of gold self-leaching,which relies on lixiviants prepared using volatilized sulfur obtained from roasting,has not been fully elucidated.This study employs the response surface methodology to optimize processing parameters,resulting in an increased gold extraction rate of 96.18%.Analytical factorization and the Tafel curve indicate that CuSO_(4) and NH_(3)·H_(2)O significantly influence the self-leaching process.Furthermore,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis reveals that S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),polysulfides(S_(n)^(2−)),and thiosulfate(S_(2)O_(3)^(2−))are involved in the gold leaching reaction,with S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),and S_(n)^(2−) serving as primary ligands for gold complexation.The role of S_(2)O_(3)^(2−) in the early stages of the gold-leaching reaction is also noteworthy.The copper–ammonia complex catalyzes the self-leaching gold reaction;however,an improper addition ratio can lead to copper-sulfur compound precipitates,reducing the extraction rate.展开更多
The integration of digital twin(DT)technology with microseismic(MS)monitoring for evaluating the dynamic response of high-arch dams remains under-explored.This paper investigates the application of MS monitoring on th...The integration of digital twin(DT)technology with microseismic(MS)monitoring for evaluating the dynamic response of high-arch dams remains under-explored.This paper investigates the application of MS monitoring on the Dagangshan high-arch dam during its normal water storage operating period to assess potential damage.The study analyzes the MS characteristics of the dam during the Luding earthquake(Ms=6.8).A framework for constructing a damage driven DT model of a high-arch dam is proposed.The DT model is capable of self-updating its mechanical parameters based on MS data.Seismic response calculations are conducted utilizing cloud computing,allowing for the direct presentation of results within the DT model.The results indicate a high-risk area of the Dagangshan arch dam,characterized by significantMS deformation,primarily centered on the arch crown beam.This zone encompasses dam sections Nos.5-6,10-11,13-16,and 19-20,all located above 1030 m elevation.Under seismic loading,the arch dam exhibits a back-and-forth movement along the river,ultimately reaching a stable state.Following the earthquake,the stress state of the dam does not experience substantial changes.The average relative error between numerical results and measured peak ground acceleration values is 17%when considering the cumulative effect of damage,compared to 36%when neglecting this effect.This study presents a more reliable approach for assessing the state of dams.展开更多
Accurately assessing the relationship between tree growth and climatic factors is of great importance in dendrochronology.This study evaluated the consistency between alternative climate datasets(including station and...Accurately assessing the relationship between tree growth and climatic factors is of great importance in dendrochronology.This study evaluated the consistency between alternative climate datasets(including station and gridded data)and actual climate data(fixed-point observations near the sampling sites),in northeastern China’s warm temperate zone and analyzed differences in their correlations with tree-ring width index.The results were:(1)Gridded temperature data,as well as precipitation and relative humidity data from the Huailai meteorological station,was more consistent with the actual climate data;in contrast,gridded soil moisture content data showed significant discrepancies.(2)Horizontal distance had a greater impact on the representativeness of actual climate conditions than vertical elevation differences.(3)Differences in consistency between alternative and actual climate data also affected their correlations with tree-ring width indices.In some growing season months,correlation coefficients,both in magnitude and sign,differed significantly from those based on actual data.The selection of different alternative climate datasets can lead to biased results in assessing forest responses to climate change,which is detrimental to the management of forest ecosystems in harsh environments.Therefore,the scientific and rational selection of alternative climate data is essential for dendroecological and climatological research.展开更多
This study employed tri-component continuous monitoring data from 10 measurement points on both sides of a base isolation layer in the basement of a large-span high-rise building in Beijing,as well as from a free-fiel...This study employed tri-component continuous monitoring data from 10 measurement points on both sides of a base isolation layer in the basement of a large-span high-rise building in Beijing,as well as from a free-field station and roof frame,during a Mw 5.5 magnitude earthquake in Pingyuan,Shandong,in 2023.The H/V spectral ratio method was used to evaluate the structural dynamic response characteristics of the building and analyze the regulatory effect of the base-isolation layer on seismic waves.The results indicate that during the earthquake,the peak frequency of the free-field and the measurement points below the base-isolation layer was stable at 0.17 Hz,whereas the main frequency of the measurement points above the base-isolation layer increased to 0.75–1.18 Hz,which is 4–6 times greater than that of the points below.The amplitude was suppressed by more than 70%,confirming that the base isolation layer effectively isolated the low-frequency energy from the ground and increased the response frequency of the building.When the building was excited by an earthquake,a three-tier frequency gradient was formed throughout the building:“base-isolation layer(0.17 Hz)-main body(1.18 Hz)-roof frame(3.83 Hz)”,which can effectively avoid resonance of the entire building.In addition,the composite base-isolation device changed the dynamic characteristics of the structure.The resonance period was extended from 0.74 s(theoretical value without base isolation)to 5.9 s(calculated value),and the resonance frequency was reduced from 1.35 to 0.17 Hz.This finding indicates that the base-isolation layer can enhance seismic performance by increasing flexibility and damping.展开更多
Changes in the soil environment induced by major global changes in climate are affecting carbon emissions in cold-temperate coniferous forests.A randomized block experiment simulating warming,rainfall increase and nit...Changes in the soil environment induced by major global changes in climate are affecting carbon emissions in cold-temperate coniferous forests.A randomized block experiment simulating warming,rainfall increase and nitrogen addition in a Larix gmelinii forest was carried out to study the effects on soil carbon,nitrogen,and CO_(2)flux during the thawing,growing,and freezing periods.Our study found that warming(0-2.0℃)increased soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(STN),dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and dissolved organic nitrogen(DON),and microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN).Warming played a direct role in regulating soil CO_(2)emissions,stimulated microbial and plant root respiration and soil CO_(2)flux rapidly increased.Rainfall increase initially increased soil carbon and nitrogen,but a 30%increase in mean annual rainfall caused losses of SOC,STN,DOC,and DON,while MBC and MBN accumulated.Soil CO_(2)emissions were regulated by MBC after an increase in rainfall,excess moisture inhibited microbial activity,and soil CO_(2)flux showed a trend of R2(20%rainfall increase)>R1(10%rainfall increase)>CK(control)>R3(30%rainfall increase).The addition of nitrogen increased SOC,STN,DOC,DON,MBC and MBN.Soil CO_(2)flux progressively decreased with nitrogen inputs(2.5,5.0 and 10.0 g m^(-2)a^(-1)),as more N intensified plant-microbe competition.Nitrogen addition indirectly regulated soil CO_(2)emissions by altering SOC and STN,with MBC and MBN acting as secondary regulators.The results highlight the role of cold-temperate coniferous forest soils in predicting carbon-climate feedback in high-latitude forest permafrost regions.展开更多
Post-translational modifications(PTMs)regulate the occurrence and development of cancer,and lactylation modification is a new form of PTMs.Recent studies have found that lactic acid modification can regulate the immun...Post-translational modifications(PTMs)regulate the occurrence and development of cancer,and lactylation modification is a new form of PTMs.Recent studies have found that lactic acid modification can regulate the immune tolerance of cancer cells.The classical theory holds that prostate apoptosis response-4(PAR-4)is a tumor suppressor protein.However,our recent research has found that PAR-4 has a biological function of promoting cancer in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and our analysis shows that PAR-4 can be modified of lactic acid.These research evidences suggest that PAR-4 lactylation modification may drive immune tolerance in HCC.Therefore,inhibiting PAR-4 lactylation modification is very likely to increase the sensitivity of HCC to immunotherapy.展开更多
基金financial support from the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20230718)。
文摘The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions like calf diarrhea is an emerging area of research nowadays because of increased concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance(AMR)and drug residues in animal products.Probiotics reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea by increasing the gut microbiota diversity and richness with more commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium that produce antimicrobial compounds,as well as modulating the immune response by increasing cytokines,Interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and reducing tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),by increasing production of antibodies,especially immunoglobulin E(Ig E),also Ig G,differentiating naive Th lymphocytes(Tho)into Th1,hence stimulate innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune response.Specific probiotic strains of bacteria and yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)derived probiotics maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier.In this review,data are being organized to address the role of probiotics in treating calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and stimulating an immune response against notorious pathogens,to present animal and veterinary scientists and nutritionists with a new concept to treat infectious diseases from the perspective of the gut microbiota,increasing animal health,performance,and welfare.In conclusion,health status and gut microbiome are strongly interlinked.Research data indicated a significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea after probiotic administration.If interrelations between probiotics and existing gut microbiota are explored more quantitatively,novel antibiotic substitutes can emerge in the future.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.12472399)。
文摘Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions.A field blast experiment was conducted under close-in explosion with varying detonation offset distances(0 m,0.5 m,and 1 m),the overpressure load and dynamic responses of the full-scale RC columns were measured.Compared with the centrally detonated condition,a relative offset distance of 1.67 decreases the maximum and residual deflections of the RC column by 16.8%and 21.4%,respectively,while increasing the maximum and residual support rotations by 24.7%and 17.8%.Based on the experimental results,a theoretical model was proposed that considers the detonation location and charge mass,boundary conditions,axial compression ratio and material properties.The theoretical model exhibited good agreement with the experimental results,with prediction errors below 10%for both maximum and residual deflection.The effects of parameters were analyzed,and it indicated that an increase in offset distance results in decreased maximum and residual deflections but an increased support angle,thereby exacerbating damage.Higher axial load ratio,span-depth ratio,and longitudinal reinforcement ratio reduce both deflections and support angle.Additionally,a rapid method to predict the maximum and residual deflection of RC columns under off-central blast loading was also proposed based on the Generalized Regression Neural Network(GRNN).Eleven features which related to the RC column properties and the blast characteristics were used in the training process of GRNN,and accurate predictions were achieved with prediction errors within 20%.This study fills the gap in predicting the dynamic response of RC columns under off-central explosion,providing valuable references for blast-resistant design.
基金The National Social Science Foundation Youth Project of China:Research on the collaborative govemance path of administrative law and criminal law against dangerous driving behaviors in the digital-intelligent society(25CFX108)。
文摘With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.
文摘Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could induce tinnitus.There are no standardized objective tests for tinnitus assessment because of its multifaceted nature.Hence,the current study aimed to explore the effect of Tinnitus on Latency and Amplitude of the Auditory Middle Latency Response in Audiological Attendees.The study recruited 50 individuals(25 normals and 25 individuals with tinnitus)who underwent audiological evaluations like Pure tone audiometry,immittance,pitch and loudness matching,THI and middle latency response.The IHS program was used to record MLR,which was obtained using tone burst stimuli of 500 Hz,1 KHz,2 KHz,and 4 KHz at a rate of 7.1/s with a constant duration of 5 ms,for a total of 1500 sweeps.As a covariate,pure tone thresholds were one of the variabilities that were addressed by ANCOVA.The amplitude of the Pa component varied significantly between the tinnitus and control groups,according to the MLR data and no other components of MLR reached that significance.Furthermore,there was no discernible variation in the latency or amplitude of MLR among any of the other components.The latency of the waveforms increased as the stimulus frequency increased.Karl Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlation between THI scores and any of the outcome measures except for Pa amplitude.As the Pa component of MLR showed maximum changes between controls and individuals with tinnitus,the Pa component could be considered a potential tool for identifying neurophysiological changes related to tinnitus.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China (No.2025A1515011654)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22090053)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for National Universities,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)support from the program of China Scholarships Council (No.202406410155)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST-Doctoral Student Special Plansupport from the S&T Special Program of Huzhou (No.2024GZ07)。
文摘Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has been verified to evaluate the performance of FENTs,but until recently,the response time,another crucial indicator,has been ignored.Employing finite-element method,we investigated the relationship among gate charge,switching ratio and response time by divisionally manipulating gate charge,including entrance surface and the surface of confinement space,for ion transport to optimize switching capability.The dual-split gate charge on FENTs exhibits synergistic effect on switching response.Based on the two regional gate charge on FENTs,multivalence ions in lower concentration,high aspect ratio and single channel show higher switching ratio but longer response time compared to monovalent ions.The findings highlight the necessity of balancing these two signals in FENTs and offer insights for optimizing their design and expanding applications to dual-signal-detection iontronics.
文摘Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery in our hospital from June 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into the light anesthesia group(n=45)and the deep anesthesia group(n=44).The vital signs at different intraoperative nodes and perioperative stress status of the two groups were compared.Results:Before lesion resection and after surgery,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of the deep anesthesia group were lower than those of the light anesthesia group,with statistically significant differences.Conclusion:In thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery,deep anesthesia can effectively control the patient’s surgical stress response,but the postoperative awakening time is longer;patients under light anesthesia have a shorter awakening time,but the intraoperative stress response is obvious.
文摘BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42577209 and U22A20239)the Key R&D Program of Hunan Province(No.2024WK2004)the Key Technologies for Accurate Diagnosis and Intelligent Prevention and Control of Slope Hazards in Open pit Mines,181 Major R&D projects of Metallurgical Corporation of China Ltd。
文摘Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused on the deep double-line Sejila Mountain tunnel to systematically analyze the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration and to develop a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations.The results revealed that the presence of a cross passage significantly altered propagation paths and the spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity.The peak particle velocity(PPV)at the cross-passage corner was amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing.Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuated non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section,where PPV on the blast-face side was 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side.We propose an improved PPV attenuation model that accounts for the propagation path effect.This model significantly improved fitting accuracy and resolved anomalous parameter(k and a)estimates in traditional equations,thereby improving prediction reliability.Furthermore,based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration,optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting were discussed.These findings provide a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.
基金supported by the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.2024AFB917).
文摘As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a crucial role in rice growth and development,stress response,and hormone signal transduction.This review discusses the role of WRKY53 in stress response,focusing on its functions in cold tolerance,salt tolerance,disease resistance,and pest defense,and explores its role in regulating rice leaf senescence and seed germination.This article also proposes future research directions,including functional genomics studies,protein interaction network analyses,hormone signal transduction pathways,genetic improvement strategies,applications of gene editing technologies,molecular basis of stress responses,cross-species functional conservation,and bioinformatics and comparative genomics research.This review highlights the importance of WRKY53 in rice biology and provides new perspectives and strategies for future research and genetic improvement of rice.
基金the support of“Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development(Project No.PJ00926803)”Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea.
文摘Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)threatens lily production by reducing floral quality and enabling carry-over via infected planting stock.To explore tissue-specific host responses,we analyzed a legacy,single-replicate RNA-seq dataset from two cultivars,‘Cancun’and‘Connecticut King’(CK),profiling leaf(source)and bulb(sink)tissues at 0 and 28 days post-inoculation(dpi),alongside leaf DAS-ELISA.Principal component analysis indicated that tissue identity dominated the transcriptome(PC1=47.7%),with CMV treatment driving within-tissue shifts over time.Exploratory Gene Ontology/KEGG summaries and a focused marker panel revealed a consistent split:in leaves,genes linked to jasmonate/WRKY-associated defense(e.g.,WRKY40/41/51/53;AOS/OPR1/2;CYP74A/DDE2)tended to show higher expression at 28 dpi,whereas cell-wall/transport-related terms were reduced;in bulbs,transcripts associated with photosynthetic/organellar maintenance(LHCB/CAB,HCF107)andβ-amylase-linked carbohydrate turnover were more prominent,with comparatively limited elevation of canonical defense modules.Leaf ELISA trajectories were compatible with this framework:CK showed a transient peak at 14 dpi followed by a decline at 24 dpi,whereas‘Cancun’increased progressively.Taken together,the concordance among ordination,enrichment patterns,marker behavior,and leaf titers in this non-replicated dataset is consistent with a working model in which stronger or earlier leaf responses may contribute to partial containment and reduced systemic accumulation.We propose a compact leaf marker set(WRKY40/41/51/53;AOS/OPR1/2;CYP74A/DDE2)and bulb candidates(β-amylase;LHCB/CAB/HCF107)as hypothesis-generating indicators of containment and sink maintenance.These tissue-resolved patterns provide a descriptive framework and a starting point for future validation by qPCR and replicated RNA-seq across additional cultivars,with the long-term goal of informing selection and stock hygiene in lily production.
文摘[Objective]As wireless power transfer(WPT)technology is increasingly deployed in scenarios such as electric vehicles,metallic foreign objects in the WPT area may cause local overheating and energy loss.Existing methods still suffer from poor edge/corner sensitivity,misjudgment due to fixed thresholds,and limited ability to extract position information.This work proposes a wireless power transfer-foreign object detection(WPT-FOD)method based on channel differential response and a dynamic-threshold corner-enhancement strategy,aiming to improve detection sensitivity,localization accuracy,and robustness without altering the overall coil layout.[Method]A multi-channel detection coil array is designed,and the self-inductance disturbance response of each channel coil is modeled.A channel-difference mapping mechanism is introduced to build a 2-D sensitivity matrix to characterize spatial position correlation.A corner-enhancement algorithm is developed to weight and amplify the collaborative response of adjacent channels,and a dynamic threshold adjustment mechanism is integrated to adapt to varying interference levels.Validation is carried out on a self-built 64-channel FOD platform by moving a typical metallic foreign object across central,edge,and corner regions,and by conducting comparative tests under different interference intensities.[Result]When a typical metallic foreign object moves to corner regions,the self-inductance disturbance of the detection coil increases from less than 0.02μH to more than 0.06μH,significantly enhancing the discrimination capability at corners.Under varying interference strengths,the dynamic threshold mechanism reduces the number of false positives from 13 to 2,demonstrating good environmental adaptability and stability.[Conclusion]By combining channel differential response,corner enhancement,and dynamic thresholding,the proposed WPT-FOD effectively mitigates edge/corner blind spots and fixed-threshold misjudgment,while providing localization capability and robustness.It markedly improves the accuracy of metallic foreign object detection in WPT systems and offers a feasible path and method reference for the safe application and engineering deployment of WPT systems.
文摘Tumor survival,genomic stability,and therapy resistance are dictated by the DNA damage response(DDR).Although poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors have established the DDR as a therapeutic target,many tumors evade first-generation drugs by rewiring their adaptive repair pathways and imposing microenvironmental constraints.This review synthesizes recent discoveries in key DDR pathways,such as PARP,ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase(ATR),ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase(ATM),checkpoint kinase 1(CHK1),WEE1 G2 checkpoint kinase(WEE1),and DNA-dependent protein kinase(DNA-PK),and describes the next-generation inhibitors designed to increase selectivity and circumvent resistance.We also analyze the role of hypoxia,stromal remodeling,inflammatory cytokines,and immune-cell plasticity in the tumor microenvironment in determining DDR dependency and response.Special attention is paid to cGAS-STING,immunogenic signaling via damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs),and mechanisms that convert a cold tumor into a hot one.Lastly,we touch upon the new nanocarrier-based delivery approaches that enhance pharmacokinetics,target resistant tumor niches,and expand the possibilities for combinatorics with immunotherapy and radiotherapy.Collectively,these findings provide a guide to the implementation of next-generation DDR inhibitors and nanomedicines to deliver a more accurate,durable,and context-specific cancer therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41941018)Shanghai Gaofeng Discipline Construction Funding.
文摘Strong seismic excitation and fault dislocation are likely to occur simultaneously in high-intensity seismic zones,causing severe damage to tunnels crossing active fault zones.This paper aims to develop a novel analytical solution to determine the longitudinal mechanical responses of tunnels subjected to the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting.Adopting the elastic springbeam model,the seismic waves are modelled as shear horizontal(SH)waves and the fault dislocation follows an S-shaped pattern;the superposition principle for free-fielddisplacements caused by both effects is assumed.In addition,the transmission and reflectionof seismic waves at the fault-rock geological interface and the tangential contact conditions at the tunnel-rock interface are considered.The analytical model is validated against numerical simulations,confirmingits accuracy in calculating tunnel responses.Moreover,a parametric study is conducted to evaluate the impact of key factors,including fault displacement,fault zone width,fault dip angle,earthquake frequency,rock conditions,tunnel lining stiffness,and tangential contact conditions,on tunnel responses.Compared with each effect alone,the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting significantlychange the tunnel deformation and internal forces,leading to increased tunnel responses,especially within the fault zone and near the fault-rock interfaces.Depending on specificparameters,tunnel responses can be classifiedinto seismic-dominated,faulting-dominated,and seismic-faulting coupled responses on the basis of the relative contributions of each effect.The proposed analytical solution can be applied to quickly predict the longitudinal mechanical behaviour of tunnels under such combined effects in engineering applications.
基金funded by Science and Technology Projects from State Grid Corporation of China,(Research on Adaptive Balance Optimization and Simulation Technology of Industrial community Energy System with High Proportion of Distributed Energy,No.:5100-202355752A-3-4-SY).
文摘To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that integrates the laddered carbon trading mechanism with demand response.Firstly,a dual dimensional DR model is constructed based on the characteristics of load elasticity.The alternativeDRenables flexible substitution of energy loads through complementary conversion of electricity/heat/cold multi-energy sources,while the price DR relies on timeof-use electricity price signals to guide load spatiotemporal migration;Secondly,the LCT mechanism is introduced to achieve optimal carbon emission costs through a tiered carbon quota allocation mechanism.On this basis,an optimization decision model is established with the core objective of maximizing the annual net profit of the park.The objective function takes into account energy sales revenue,generator unit costs,and investment and operation costs of multiple types of energy storage facilities.Themodel constraint system covers three key dimensions:dynamic operation constraints of power generation units,including unit output limits,ramping capability,and minimum start-stop time;the physical boundary of an electric/hot/cold multi-energy storage system involves energy storage capacity and charge/discharge efficiency;The multi-energy network coupling balance equation ensures that the energy conversion and transmission process satisfies the law of conservation of energy.Using CPLEX mathematical programming solver for simulation verification,construct an energy storage capacity configuration decision process that includes LCT-DR synergistic effect.The research results show that compared with the traditional single energy storage configuration mode,this strategy effectively enhances the economic feasibility and engineering practicality of industrial park operation by coordinating demand side resource scheduling and finely controlling carbon costs,while maintaining stable system operation.Its methodological framework provides a technical path that combines theoretical rigor and practical operability for the low-carbon transformation of regional integrated energy systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51974016).
文摘Microwave roasting self-leaching is an innovative method for recovering gold from high-sulfur refractory gold concentrates,without using deadly toxic cyanide reagents.However,the mechanism of gold self-leaching,which relies on lixiviants prepared using volatilized sulfur obtained from roasting,has not been fully elucidated.This study employs the response surface methodology to optimize processing parameters,resulting in an increased gold extraction rate of 96.18%.Analytical factorization and the Tafel curve indicate that CuSO_(4) and NH_(3)·H_(2)O significantly influence the self-leaching process.Furthermore,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis reveals that S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),polysulfides(S_(n)^(2−)),and thiosulfate(S_(2)O_(3)^(2−))are involved in the gold leaching reaction,with S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),and S_(n)^(2−) serving as primary ligands for gold complexation.The role of S_(2)O_(3)^(2−) in the early stages of the gold-leaching reaction is also noteworthy.The copper–ammonia complex catalyzes the self-leaching gold reaction;however,an improper addition ratio can lead to copper-sulfur compound precipitates,reducing the extraction rate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52379098 and 42122052)the Liaoning XingLiao Talent Program(Grant No.XLYC2203008).
文摘The integration of digital twin(DT)technology with microseismic(MS)monitoring for evaluating the dynamic response of high-arch dams remains under-explored.This paper investigates the application of MS monitoring on the Dagangshan high-arch dam during its normal water storage operating period to assess potential damage.The study analyzes the MS characteristics of the dam during the Luding earthquake(Ms=6.8).A framework for constructing a damage driven DT model of a high-arch dam is proposed.The DT model is capable of self-updating its mechanical parameters based on MS data.Seismic response calculations are conducted utilizing cloud computing,allowing for the direct presentation of results within the DT model.The results indicate a high-risk area of the Dagangshan arch dam,characterized by significantMS deformation,primarily centered on the arch crown beam.This zone encompasses dam sections Nos.5-6,10-11,13-16,and 19-20,all located above 1030 m elevation.Under seismic loading,the arch dam exhibits a back-and-forth movement along the river,ultimately reaching a stable state.Following the earthquake,the stress state of the dam does not experience substantial changes.The average relative error between numerical results and measured peak ground acceleration values is 17%when considering the cumulative effect of damage,compared to 36%when neglecting this effect.This study presents a more reliable approach for assessing the state of dams.
基金supported by the International Partnership program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(170GJHZ2023074GC)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42425706 and 42488201)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF0807902)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(8242041),and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2025M770353).
文摘Accurately assessing the relationship between tree growth and climatic factors is of great importance in dendrochronology.This study evaluated the consistency between alternative climate datasets(including station and gridded data)and actual climate data(fixed-point observations near the sampling sites),in northeastern China’s warm temperate zone and analyzed differences in their correlations with tree-ring width index.The results were:(1)Gridded temperature data,as well as precipitation and relative humidity data from the Huailai meteorological station,was more consistent with the actual climate data;in contrast,gridded soil moisture content data showed significant discrepancies.(2)Horizontal distance had a greater impact on the representativeness of actual climate conditions than vertical elevation differences.(3)Differences in consistency between alternative and actual climate data also affected their correlations with tree-ring width indices.In some growing season months,correlation coefficients,both in magnitude and sign,differed significantly from those based on actual data.The selection of different alternative climate datasets can lead to biased results in assessing forest responses to climate change,which is detrimental to the management of forest ecosystems in harsh environments.Therefore,the scientific and rational selection of alternative climate data is essential for dendroecological and climatological research.
基金supported by the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2025ZD005100)by Beijing Geolight Technology Co.,Ltd.under the project“The Impact of Strong Ground Motion on Buildings”(YF-202520).
文摘This study employed tri-component continuous monitoring data from 10 measurement points on both sides of a base isolation layer in the basement of a large-span high-rise building in Beijing,as well as from a free-field station and roof frame,during a Mw 5.5 magnitude earthquake in Pingyuan,Shandong,in 2023.The H/V spectral ratio method was used to evaluate the structural dynamic response characteristics of the building and analyze the regulatory effect of the base-isolation layer on seismic waves.The results indicate that during the earthquake,the peak frequency of the free-field and the measurement points below the base-isolation layer was stable at 0.17 Hz,whereas the main frequency of the measurement points above the base-isolation layer increased to 0.75–1.18 Hz,which is 4–6 times greater than that of the points below.The amplitude was suppressed by more than 70%,confirming that the base isolation layer effectively isolated the low-frequency energy from the ground and increased the response frequency of the building.When the building was excited by an earthquake,a three-tier frequency gradient was formed throughout the building:“base-isolation layer(0.17 Hz)-main body(1.18 Hz)-roof frame(3.83 Hz)”,which can effectively avoid resonance of the entire building.In addition,the composite base-isolation device changed the dynamic characteristics of the structure.The resonance period was extended from 0.74 s(theoretical value without base isolation)to 5.9 s(calculated value),and the resonance frequency was reduced from 1.35 to 0.17 Hz.This finding indicates that the base-isolation layer can enhance seismic performance by increasing flexibility and damping.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Programme of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Grant No.:2023YFDZ0026 and 2024KYPT0003)the 2024 Postgraduate Research and Innovation Programme of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University。
文摘Changes in the soil environment induced by major global changes in climate are affecting carbon emissions in cold-temperate coniferous forests.A randomized block experiment simulating warming,rainfall increase and nitrogen addition in a Larix gmelinii forest was carried out to study the effects on soil carbon,nitrogen,and CO_(2)flux during the thawing,growing,and freezing periods.Our study found that warming(0-2.0℃)increased soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(STN),dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and dissolved organic nitrogen(DON),and microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN).Warming played a direct role in regulating soil CO_(2)emissions,stimulated microbial and plant root respiration and soil CO_(2)flux rapidly increased.Rainfall increase initially increased soil carbon and nitrogen,but a 30%increase in mean annual rainfall caused losses of SOC,STN,DOC,and DON,while MBC and MBN accumulated.Soil CO_(2)emissions were regulated by MBC after an increase in rainfall,excess moisture inhibited microbial activity,and soil CO_(2)flux showed a trend of R2(20%rainfall increase)>R1(10%rainfall increase)>CK(control)>R3(30%rainfall increase).The addition of nitrogen increased SOC,STN,DOC,DON,MBC and MBN.Soil CO_(2)flux progressively decreased with nitrogen inputs(2.5,5.0 and 10.0 g m^(-2)a^(-1)),as more N intensified plant-microbe competition.Nitrogen addition indirectly regulated soil CO_(2)emissions by altering SOC and STN,with MBC and MBN acting as secondary regulators.The results highlight the role of cold-temperate coniferous forest soils in predicting carbon-climate feedback in high-latitude forest permafrost regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82573045,82460602,82560459)the Hainan Provincial Graduate Student Innovative Research Project(No.Qhys2024-440).
文摘Post-translational modifications(PTMs)regulate the occurrence and development of cancer,and lactylation modification is a new form of PTMs.Recent studies have found that lactic acid modification can regulate the immune tolerance of cancer cells.The classical theory holds that prostate apoptosis response-4(PAR-4)is a tumor suppressor protein.However,our recent research has found that PAR-4 has a biological function of promoting cancer in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and our analysis shows that PAR-4 can be modified of lactic acid.These research evidences suggest that PAR-4 lactylation modification may drive immune tolerance in HCC.Therefore,inhibiting PAR-4 lactylation modification is very likely to increase the sensitivity of HCC to immunotherapy.
