Certain carbohydrate antigens of malignantly trans- formed cells have been identified as markers for the onset of can- cer and have become targets for the development of anticancer vaccine therapies. For tumor antigen...Certain carbohydrate antigens of malignantly trans- formed cells have been identified as markers for the onset of can- cer and have become targets for the development of anticancer vaccine therapies. For tumor antigens, many carbohydrate antigens belong to T-independent （TI） antigens. Carbohydrate conjugated to protein carriers can switch TI antigen to a T-dependent （TD） anti- gen. Attempts to add an innate immune response element （such as Toll-like receptor ligand） to carbohydrate TI-antigens have also been studied. Glycosylation inhibitors or small interfering RNA have also been used for antitumor and/or antiviral agents. This review aims at describing the vast spectrum of tumor carbohydrate antigens and strategies to develop cancer vaccines and drugs.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China (81025008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30921001,30800038, 31270176 and 81000714)+1 种基金the National Grand Program on Important Infectious Disease (2012ZX10003002-015)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2009CB522507 and 2012CB720604)
文摘Certain carbohydrate antigens of malignantly trans- formed cells have been identified as markers for the onset of can- cer and have become targets for the development of anticancer vaccine therapies. For tumor antigens, many carbohydrate antigens belong to T-independent （TI） antigens. Carbohydrate conjugated to protein carriers can switch TI antigen to a T-dependent （TD） anti- gen. Attempts to add an innate immune response element （such as Toll-like receptor ligand） to carbohydrate TI-antigens have also been studied. Glycosylation inhibitors or small interfering RNA have also been used for antitumor and/or antiviral agents. This review aims at describing the vast spectrum of tumor carbohydrate antigens and strategies to develop cancer vaccines and drugs.
文摘目的:比较在胸部上中段食管癌术后预防性放射治疗中调强放射治疗(IMRT)与三维适形放射治疗(3D-CRT)剂量分布差异。方法:采用CMS治疗计划系统,对10例胸部上中段食管癌术后病理为T3/T4和/或淋巴结阳性患者分别设定3D-CRT 54Gy/27f照射和IMRT 54Gy/27f照射,比较两者相关靶区和危及器官的剂量体积直方图参数及靶区适形指数(CI)。结果:在相同靶区相同剂量模式下,10例患者在肺、脊髓、胃等组织器官受量近似一致的情况下,IMRT等剂量线的剂量分布(95%CTV、95%PTV和100%PTV)及靶区适形指数(CI)(0.93 vs 0.79)均优于3D-CRT。结论:相同靶区相同剂量模式下,胸部上中段食管癌术后预防性照射治疗时,调强放疗技术(IMRT)靶区剂量分布优于三维适形放疗(3D-CRT)。
