Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (m...Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.展开更多
Empathy is one of the most important abilities for social animals.In a world that is largely socially constructed,when encountering altered affective states of others,particularly negative states,individuals often exh...Empathy is one of the most important abilities for social animals.In a world that is largely socially constructed,when encountering altered affective states of others,particularly negative states,individuals often exhibit evolutionarily conserved empathic behaviors,such as mirroring,consolation,and helping[l,2].Appropriate empathic behaviors can foster the consolidation of social relationships.Previous studies have suggested that both male and female rodents show some empathic behaviors when facing affective conspecifics[1].However,the role of sex in different empathic behaviors remains largely unexplored.Therefore,there is a need to probe whether animals show sex-dependent empathic behavior and which neural circuits modulate these distinct behaviors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary app...BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.展开更多
BACKGROUND Due to the dry and cold climate,the obvious temperature difference between day and night,and the low oxygen content of the air in the plateau area,people are prone to upper respiratory tract diseases,and of...BACKGROUND Due to the dry and cold climate,the obvious temperature difference between day and night,and the low oxygen content of the air in the plateau area,people are prone to upper respiratory tract diseases,and often the condition is prolonged,and the patients are prone to anxiety and uneasiness,which may be related to the harshness of the plateau environment,somatic discomfort due to the lack of oxygen,anxiety about the disease,and other factors.AIM To investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)on anxiety,sleep disorders,and hypoxia tolerance in patients with high-altitude respiratory diseases.METHODS A total of 2337 patients with high-altitude-related respiratory diseases treated at our hospital between November 2023 and January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.The subjects’pre-high-altitude residential altitude was approximately 1700 meters.They were divided into two groups.Both groups were given symptomatic treatment,and the control group implemented conventional nursing intervention,while the research group simultaneously conducted CBT intervention;assessed the degree of health knowledge of the two groups,and applied the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess the anxiety and sleep quality of the patients before and after the intervention,respectively.It also observed the length and efficiency of sleep,and detected the level of serum hypoxia inducible factor-1α,erythropoietin(EPO)and clinical intervention before and after intervention.EPO levels,and investigated satisfaction with the clinical intervention.RESULTS The rate of excellent health knowledge in the intervention group was 93.64%,which was higher than that in the control group(74.23%;P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores between the two groups(P>0.05),and after the intervention,the scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in sleep duration and sleep efficiency between the groups before the intervention(P>0.05),and after the intervention,the scores of the study group were significantly larger than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in serum hypoxia inducible factor-1αand EPO between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05),and both research groups were significantly lower than the control group after intervention(P<0.05).According to the questionnaire survey,the intervention satisfaction of the study group was 95.53%,which was higher than that of the control group(80.14%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION The CBT intervention in the treatment of patients with high-altitude-related respiratory diseases helps improve patients'health knowledge,relieve anxiety,improve sleep quality and hypoxia tolerance,and improve nursing satisfaction.展开更多
BACKGROUND Approximately 30%of patients with head and neck cancer experience adverse effects caused by anxiety and depression.Considering the high prevalence,implementing customized interventions to ease adverse emoti...BACKGROUND Approximately 30%of patients with head and neck cancer experience adverse effects caused by anxiety and depression.Considering the high prevalence,implementing customized interventions to ease adverse emotional states is imperative.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)-based psychological interventions in improving the psychological well-being and quality of life(QoL)of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.METHODS This study enrolled 120 patients admitted from February 2022 to February 2024.The control group,comprising 50 participants,received standard supportive psychological care,while the research group,consisting 70 participants,underwent CBT-based interventions.Several clinical outcomes were systematically assessed that included postoperative recovery metrics(duration of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence and length of hospitalization),psychological status(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale),nutritional markers(serum albumin and hemoglobin levels),sleep quality(Self-Rating Scale of Sleep and Athens Insomnia Scale),and QoL(Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck).RESULTS The results demonstrated that the research group experienced superior outcomes,with significantly reduced durations of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence,as well as shorter hospital stays,compared with the control group.Additionally,the research group exhibited markedly lower post-intervention Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Self-Rating Scale of Sleep,and Athens Insomnia Scale scores,along with minimal but higher change in serum albumin and hemoglobin levels compared with the control group.All five domains of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck showed notable improvements in the research group,exceeding those observed in the control group.CONCLUSION CBT-based psychological support positively affects the mental well-being and QoL of patients with laryngeal carcinoma,highlighting its potential for broader clinical application.展开更多
To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that ...To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that integrates the laddered carbon trading mechanism with demand response.Firstly,a dual dimensional DR model is constructed based on the characteristics of load elasticity.The alternativeDRenables flexible substitution of energy loads through complementary conversion of electricity/heat/cold multi-energy sources,while the price DR relies on timeof-use electricity price signals to guide load spatiotemporal migration;Secondly,the LCT mechanism is introduced to achieve optimal carbon emission costs through a tiered carbon quota allocation mechanism.On this basis,an optimization decision model is established with the core objective of maximizing the annual net profit of the park.The objective function takes into account energy sales revenue,generator unit costs,and investment and operation costs of multiple types of energy storage facilities.Themodel constraint system covers three key dimensions:dynamic operation constraints of power generation units,including unit output limits,ramping capability,and minimum start-stop time;the physical boundary of an electric/hot/cold multi-energy storage system involves energy storage capacity and charge/discharge efficiency;The multi-energy network coupling balance equation ensures that the energy conversion and transmission process satisfies the law of conservation of energy.Using CPLEX mathematical programming solver for simulation verification,construct an energy storage capacity configuration decision process that includes LCT-DR synergistic effect.The research results show that compared with the traditional single energy storage configuration mode,this strategy effectively enhances the economic feasibility and engineering practicality of industrial park operation by coordinating demand side resource scheduling and finely controlling carbon costs,while maintaining stable system operation.Its methodological framework provides a technical path that combines theoretical rigor and practical operability for the low-carbon transformation of regional integrated energy systems.展开更多
Foliar uptake of airborne metal(loid)s plays a crucial role in metal(loid)accumulation in plant organs and is influ-enced by the size and emission sources of aerosols.Given the high enrichment of toxic metal(loid)s in...Foliar uptake of airborne metal(loid)s plays a crucial role in metal(loid)accumulation in plant organs and is influ-enced by the size and emission sources of aerosols.Given the high enrichment of toxic metal(loid)s in submicron-scale particulates(PM1),this study established a PM1 exposure system to examine airborne metal(loid)accu-mulation and foliar physiological responses in Oryza sativa L.The results showed that the concentrations of Cu,Zn,As,Pb,and Cd in the leaves and grains were influenced not only by the airborne metal(loid)levels but also by the specific nature of the PM1 particles.The quantitative model for PM1-associated Pb entry into leaf tissue indicated that foliar Pb accumulation was primarily driven by particle adhesion,followed by hydrophilic pene-tration and trans-stomatal liquid film migration,accounting for 87%–89%of the total accumulation.The strong hygroscopicity and high Pb activity of PM1 emitted from waste incineration(WI)increased the Pb absorption coefficient via the hydrophilic and liquid film migration pathway.In contrast,the high hydrophobicity of PM1 from coal burning(CB)led to greater retention of Pb on leaf surfaces.Both foliar reactive oxygen metabolism and photosynthesis indices were sensitive to air pollution.Foliar metal(loid)accumulation and airborne PM1 concentration accounted for the variance in physiological responses in rice leaves.Our results also indicated that Pb was the key element in PM1 emissions from both coal burning(CB)and waste incineration(WI)responsible for significant physiological changes in rice leaves.展开更多
Post-translational modifications(PTMs)regulate the occurrence and development of cancer,and lactylation modification is a new form of PTMs.Recent studies have found that lactic acid modification can regulate the immun...Post-translational modifications(PTMs)regulate the occurrence and development of cancer,and lactylation modification is a new form of PTMs.Recent studies have found that lactic acid modification can regulate the immune tolerance of cancer cells.The classical theory holds that prostate apoptosis response-4(PAR-4)is a tumor suppressor protein.However,our recent research has found that PAR-4 has a biological function of promoting cancer in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and our analysis shows that PAR-4 can be modified of lactic acid.These research evidences suggest that PAR-4 lactylation modification may drive immune tolerance in HCC.Therefore,inhibiting PAR-4 lactylation modification is very likely to increase the sensitivity of HCC to immunotherapy.展开更多
Owing to the inherent limitation of the internal pulse ionization chamber within the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor,that is,its inability to discriminate the energy levels of α particles,the ingress of^(220)Rn from ...Owing to the inherent limitation of the internal pulse ionization chamber within the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor,that is,its inability to discriminate the energy levels of α particles,the ingress of^(220)Rn from the surrounding environment,along with its decay progeny,poses a substantive challenge in accurately determining the^(222)Rn concentration in the measurement outcomes.Among these,the protracted influence primarily stems from the two enduring decay progenies,namely^(212)Pb with a half-life of 10.64 h and^(212)Bi with a half-life of 60.54 min.This study explored the influence of^(220)Rn progeny on the measurement results of an AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor by developing a theoretical calculation model.The response coefficient related to the residual^(220)Rn progeny within the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor was experimentally validated.In addition,this study investigated the effects of temperature and wind speed on the sensitivity of the instrument to^(220)Rn gas.The research findings revealed commendable agreement between the experimentally measured response coefficients of the residual^(220)Rn progeny and the corresponding values derived from the theoretical model.Notably,both the response coefficients of the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor to^(220)Rn gas and its internal residual^(220)Rn progeny increased with elevated temperatures and increased wind speeds,providing a reference for correcting the impact of^(220)Rn and its progeny on the measurement results of^(222)Rn concentration obtained using the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor.展开更多
Chemical communication plays an important role in survival and reproductive success in mammalian species. In the present study, we examined the ontogenetic pattern of behavioral responses of male giant pandas （Ailuro...Chemical communication plays an important role in survival and reproductive success in mammalian species. In the present study, we examined the ontogenetic pattern of behavioral responses of male giant pandas （Ailuropoda melanoleuca ） to urine odors of conspecific individuals. Our data showed that exposure to the urine of adult females induced a significant increase in sniffing and environmental sniffing/licking behaviors, but a decrease in biting behavior, in males. Males of different ages displayed specific behaviors to female urine odors. Adult males spent more time licking than juvenile and sub-adult males. Further, sub-adult and adult males displayed high levels of environmental sniffing/licking, which was absent in the juvenile males. Juvenile males displayed scent rubbing behavior significantly more frequently than sub-adult and adult males, and also spent more time showing biting behavior than sub-adult males. Finally, juvenile and sub-aduh males showed no difference in response to female and male urine odors. Together, these data suggest that chemosensory cues from conspecific urines induce age-specific responses in male giant pandas.展开更多
Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable ele...Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (BAG) responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde and trans-2-hexenl-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three compounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-l-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-l-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantly attractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either BAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound are markedly influenced by the concentration.展开更多
Potato tuber moth(PTM)Phthorimaea operculella,also known as tobacco splitworm,is an important pest of tobacco plants.The knowledge on the interaction of tobacco plant volatiles and PTM behavior is limited.To clarify t...Potato tuber moth(PTM)Phthorimaea operculella,also known as tobacco splitworm,is an important pest of tobacco plants.The knowledge on the interaction of tobacco plant volatiles and PTM behavior is limited.To clarify the effect of tobacco plant volatiles on the orientation and oviposition behaviors of PTM and to identify potential compounds for PTM control,tobacco plant volatiles were collected by headspace collection method,and volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Thirteen electrophysiological active compounds were screened by employing coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection and from which nine available compounds were further verified by electroantennogram recording.cis-3-Hexen-1-ol showed significant attractant effect on the orientation behaviors of both male and female moths.Nonanal and decanal could only attract females,while octanal exhibited repellent effect on males.Oviposition selection experiment indicated that nonanal,decanal,decane and methyl hexadecanoate could stimulate the gravid females to lay more eggs,while octanal and 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylenthyl)-4-methyl phenol inhibited their oviposition.Our study added more compounds to the list that could serve as potential PTM deterrents or attractants.展开更多
We used scanning electron microscope （SEM） to observe the ultrastructure of stridulating organs in Xylotrechus rusticus L. We com- pared the morphological structure and size of stridulating organs, the numbers of a ...We used scanning electron microscope （SEM） to observe the ultrastructure of stridulating organs in Xylotrechus rusticus L. We com- pared the morphological structure and size of stridulating organs, the numbers of a tooth-like part used in stridulation and its presence in fe- males and males of this beetle. The alarm sound of X.. rusticus was re- corded first when it was stimulated, then we tested behavioral responses to this alarm sound. The alarm sound ofX. rusticus has a warning effect on conspecifics.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral intervention on psychological stress response in breast cancer patients by cognitive behavioral intervention in breast cancer patients. Methods: Adopting t...Objective: To investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral intervention on psychological stress response in breast cancer patients by cognitive behavioral intervention in breast cancer patients. Methods: Adopting the random comparison method, 100 patients with breast cancer were divided into comparison group and intervention group by 50 cases. The intervention group underwent cognitive behavioral intervention at the same time as the comparison group only received conventional treatment without cognitive behavioral intervention. Two groups of breast cancer patients were enrolled in the general questionnaire, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) within one week after admission and one month after treatment to understand the psychological stress levels of the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the scores of SAS and MCMQ between the intervention group and the comparison group before intervention (P > 0.05). But after intervention, the scores of SAS and MCMQ in the comparison group were significantly higher than those in the intervention group (P 0.05). It shows that the implementation of cognitive behavioral intervention therapy for breast cancer patients has the effect of improving their psychological status. Conclusion: Cognitive behavioral intervention therapy combined with psychology for breast cancer patients can effectively reduce their stress level, improve mental health status and improve their positive coping ability.展开更多
The stress response is essential for animal self-defense and survival. However, species may exhibit stress response variation depending on their specific environmental and selection pressures. Blind cavefish dwell in ...The stress response is essential for animal self-defense and survival. However, species may exhibit stress response variation depending on their specific environmental and selection pressures. Blind cavefish dwell in cave environments, which differ markedly in stressors and resource availability compared to surface aquatic environments. However, whether blind cavefish exhibit differences in stress response as an adaptation to their cave environments remains unclear. Here, we investigated differences in stress response in six closely related Triplophysa species, including three blind cavefish (T. longibarbata, T. jiarongensis, and T. rosa) and three normal-sighted river fish (T. nasobarbatula, T. dongsaiensis, and T. bleekeri). Results showed that blind cavefish exhibited a range of distinct behavioral responses compared to sighted river fish, including greater levels of activity, shorter duration of freezing, absence of erratic movements or thrashing behavior, and opposite behavioral trends over time. Furthermore, the cavefish species demonstrated attenuated increases in metabolic rate in response to stressors related to novel environments. Cave-dwelling T. rosa also exhibited lower basal hypothalamic-pituitary-inter-renal (HPI) axis-related gene expression levels and stress hormone concentrations compared to river-dwelling T. bleekeri. These results suggest that blind cavefish may have lost their behavioral stress response, potentially mediated by a reduction in basal activity of the HPI axis, thus enabling the conservation of energy by reducing unnecessary expenditure in energy-limited caves.展开更多
While animal models of controlled cortical impact often display short-term motor dysfunction after injury, histological examinations do not show severe cortical damage. Thus, this model requires further improvement. M...While animal models of controlled cortical impact often display short-term motor dysfunction after injury, histological examinations do not show severe cortical damage. Thus, this model requires further improvement. Mice were subjected to injury at three severities using a Pin-Point^(TM)-controlled cortical impact device to establish secondary brain injury mouse models. Twenty-four hours after injury, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were performed for brain slices. Compared to the uninjured side, we observed differences of histopathological findings, neuronal degeneration, and glial cell number in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus on the injured side. The Morris water maze task and beam-walking test verified long-term(14–28 days) spatial learning/memory and motor balance. To conclude, the histopathological responses were positively correlated with the degree of damage,as were the long-term behavioral manifestations after controlled cortical impact. All animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.展开更多
Climate change is a global issue that poses a significant risk to the global economy and therefore warrants coordinated collective action.Employing a questionnaire survey in China,this study presents urban residents&#...Climate change is a global issue that poses a significant risk to the global economy and therefore warrants coordinated collective action.Employing a questionnaire survey in China,this study presents urban residents'behavioral response to climate change and its influencing factors.The results indicated that urban residents in Tianjin often took low-cost,intuitive,and quickly implementable actions,namely behavioral coping responses.Proactive adaptive behavior was also evident,which involved greater financial investment.Furthermore,according to regression analysis results of urban residents'behavior and its influencing factors,knowledge of climate change manifested a positive correlation with urban residents'behavioral coping response.In contrast,cost manifested a negative correlation with urban residents'proactive adaptive behavior,which was a more complex,costly,and challenging anticipatory action.Knowledge of climate change manifested a positive correlation with both behavioral coping response and proactive adaptive behavior.Finally,recommendations for encouraging beneficial behaviors among urban residents are suggested.展开更多
Extreme droughts are increasing in frequency and severity globally as a result of climate change.Developing understanding of species’responses to drought is crucial for their conservation,especially in regions experi...Extreme droughts are increasing in frequency and severity globally as a result of climate change.Developing understanding of species’responses to drought is crucial for their conservation,especially in regions experi-encing increased aridity.Although numerous studies have investigated birds’responses to drought,the emphasis has primarily been on landbirds.Drought can significantly alter the wetland environments that waterbirds inhabit,but the response of waterbirds to drought remains understudied.In this study,we surveyed the distri-bution and behavior of Oriental Storks(Ciconia boyciana)in Poyang Lake,which is the largest freshwater lake in China.Results indicate that drought-induced catchment areas at the lowest water level limited the total popu-lation size of Oriental Storks in the sub-lakes.Sub-lakes with large catchment areas at the lowest water level demonstrated a capacity to support a larger population of wintering Oriental Storks.Over time,Oriental Storks exhibited a gradual concentration in Changhu Lake,characterized by larger catchments,after resource depletion in sub-lakes with smaller catchments.Additionally,the duration of Oriental Storks’vigilance and moving be-haviors decreased significantly compared with that observed before the drought.After the drought,Oriental Storks increased their foraging efforts,as evidenced by increased presence in deeper water and reaching their heads and necks into deeper water to forage,higher search rates,but lower foraging rates.In accordance with area-restricted search theory,reductions in habitat quality resulting from drought,including extensive fish die-offs,forced Oriental Storks to increase their foraging efforts.Sustaining a specific water area in sub-lakes during droughts can preserve resource availability,which is crucial for the conservation of Oriental Storks.Imple-menting measures such as water level control and micro-modification of lake bottoms in sub-lakes might mitigate the impact of drought on the piscivorous Oriental Storks.展开更多
A laboratory-based microcosm experiment was carried out to examine both the behavioral and antioxidant response of the clam Gomphina veneriformis under the conditions of 3 types of burial material(sand,silt,silt-sand ...A laboratory-based microcosm experiment was carried out to examine both the behavioral and antioxidant response of the clam Gomphina veneriformis under the conditions of 3 types of burial material(sand,silt,silt-sand mixture)with 3 burial depths(5 cm,15 cm,30 cm).The concentration of dissolved oxygen decreased significantly after 3 d of burial in all experimental groups.In silt and sand-silt mixture groups,the interstitial water quality became worsened with lower pH,and higher NH4^(+)-N concentration,where clam mortality occurred simultaneously.However,clam samples in all sand groups and 5 cm,15 cm sand-silt mixture groups survived well for 8 d.Obviously fewer individuals left in the bottom sand in the 15 cm,30 cm silt groups and 30 cm sand-silt mixture groups than in the 5 cm groups.Therefore,it suggests that adding silt and increasing burial depth could stimulate the vertical movement of organisms and cause lethal effects.It was found that the burial depth was the key factor that influenced the activities of antioxidant enzymes,such as superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT).The SOD and CAT activities in the gills and hepatopancreases of organisms both showed significant upregulation in 30 cm burial depth after buried for 8 d.Higher enzyme activities were found in gills than in hepatopancreases,which indicated that the gills of the bivalve G.veneriformis were more susceptible to burial effects than hepatopancreases.Overall,this study shows that sediment burial could cause effects on the biological behavior and antioxidant enzyme activities.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on nurses with PTSD by using cognitive behavioral ...<strong>Objective:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on nurses with PTSD by using cognitive behavioral intervention. <b>Methods:</b> The subjects were selected by randomized control method, and the PTSD nurses were divided into control group (n = 30) and intervention group (n = 30). The intervention group used cognitive behavioral intervention;the control group did not use cognitive behavioral intervention. Nurses with PTSD in the two groups com</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:;" "="">pleted the basic situation survey, medical coping questionnaire (MCMQ) and anxiety self-rating form (SAS) psychological scale one month later. <b>Results:</b> There was no significant difference in MCMQ and SAS scores between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). After intervention, the scores of MCMQ and SAS in the intervention group were compared with the scores of MOCQ and SAS in the control group. The scores of the control group after intervention were significantly higher than those of the intervention group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in MCMQ and SAS in the intervention group before and after intervention (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in the control group before and after intervention (P > 0.05). It shows that cognitive behavioral intervention therapy has the effect and value of improving the psychological status of nurses with PTSD. <b>Conclusion:</b> Cognitive behavioral intervention therapy combined with psychology for nurses with PTSD can effectively relieve their stress level, relieve their mood, and improve their positive coping ability and work efficiency.</span>展开更多
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32125018 and 32071005)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1101701)+5 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LD24H090002)the Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute(010904008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2024-00133)the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(2024SSYS0016)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2023-PT310-01)the MOE Frontiers Science Center for Brain Science&Brain-Machine Integration of Zhejiang University.
文摘Empathy is one of the most important abilities for social animals.In a world that is largely socially constructed,when encountering altered affective states of others,particularly negative states,individuals often exhibit evolutionarily conserved empathic behaviors,such as mirroring,consolation,and helping[l,2].Appropriate empathic behaviors can foster the consolidation of social relationships.Previous studies have suggested that both male and female rodents show some empathic behaviors when facing affective conspecifics[1].However,the role of sex in different empathic behaviors remains largely unexplored.Therefore,there is a need to probe whether animals show sex-dependent empathic behavior and which neural circuits modulate these distinct behaviors.
文摘BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.
基金Supported by Army Logistics Department Health Bureau Project,No.QJGYXYJZX-012.
文摘BACKGROUND Due to the dry and cold climate,the obvious temperature difference between day and night,and the low oxygen content of the air in the plateau area,people are prone to upper respiratory tract diseases,and often the condition is prolonged,and the patients are prone to anxiety and uneasiness,which may be related to the harshness of the plateau environment,somatic discomfort due to the lack of oxygen,anxiety about the disease,and other factors.AIM To investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)on anxiety,sleep disorders,and hypoxia tolerance in patients with high-altitude respiratory diseases.METHODS A total of 2337 patients with high-altitude-related respiratory diseases treated at our hospital between November 2023 and January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.The subjects’pre-high-altitude residential altitude was approximately 1700 meters.They were divided into two groups.Both groups were given symptomatic treatment,and the control group implemented conventional nursing intervention,while the research group simultaneously conducted CBT intervention;assessed the degree of health knowledge of the two groups,and applied the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess the anxiety and sleep quality of the patients before and after the intervention,respectively.It also observed the length and efficiency of sleep,and detected the level of serum hypoxia inducible factor-1α,erythropoietin(EPO)and clinical intervention before and after intervention.EPO levels,and investigated satisfaction with the clinical intervention.RESULTS The rate of excellent health knowledge in the intervention group was 93.64%,which was higher than that in the control group(74.23%;P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores between the two groups(P>0.05),and after the intervention,the scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in sleep duration and sleep efficiency between the groups before the intervention(P>0.05),and after the intervention,the scores of the study group were significantly larger than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in serum hypoxia inducible factor-1αand EPO between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05),and both research groups were significantly lower than the control group after intervention(P<0.05).According to the questionnaire survey,the intervention satisfaction of the study group was 95.53%,which was higher than that of the control group(80.14%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION The CBT intervention in the treatment of patients with high-altitude-related respiratory diseases helps improve patients'health knowledge,relieve anxiety,improve sleep quality and hypoxia tolerance,and improve nursing satisfaction.
文摘BACKGROUND Approximately 30%of patients with head and neck cancer experience adverse effects caused by anxiety and depression.Considering the high prevalence,implementing customized interventions to ease adverse emotional states is imperative.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)-based psychological interventions in improving the psychological well-being and quality of life(QoL)of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.METHODS This study enrolled 120 patients admitted from February 2022 to February 2024.The control group,comprising 50 participants,received standard supportive psychological care,while the research group,consisting 70 participants,underwent CBT-based interventions.Several clinical outcomes were systematically assessed that included postoperative recovery metrics(duration of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence and length of hospitalization),psychological status(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale),nutritional markers(serum albumin and hemoglobin levels),sleep quality(Self-Rating Scale of Sleep and Athens Insomnia Scale),and QoL(Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck).RESULTS The results demonstrated that the research group experienced superior outcomes,with significantly reduced durations of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence,as well as shorter hospital stays,compared with the control group.Additionally,the research group exhibited markedly lower post-intervention Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Self-Rating Scale of Sleep,and Athens Insomnia Scale scores,along with minimal but higher change in serum albumin and hemoglobin levels compared with the control group.All five domains of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck showed notable improvements in the research group,exceeding those observed in the control group.CONCLUSION CBT-based psychological support positively affects the mental well-being and QoL of patients with laryngeal carcinoma,highlighting its potential for broader clinical application.
基金funded by Science and Technology Projects from State Grid Corporation of China,(Research on Adaptive Balance Optimization and Simulation Technology of Industrial community Energy System with High Proportion of Distributed Energy,No.:5100-202355752A-3-4-SY).
文摘To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that integrates the laddered carbon trading mechanism with demand response.Firstly,a dual dimensional DR model is constructed based on the characteristics of load elasticity.The alternativeDRenables flexible substitution of energy loads through complementary conversion of electricity/heat/cold multi-energy sources,while the price DR relies on timeof-use electricity price signals to guide load spatiotemporal migration;Secondly,the LCT mechanism is introduced to achieve optimal carbon emission costs through a tiered carbon quota allocation mechanism.On this basis,an optimization decision model is established with the core objective of maximizing the annual net profit of the park.The objective function takes into account energy sales revenue,generator unit costs,and investment and operation costs of multiple types of energy storage facilities.Themodel constraint system covers three key dimensions:dynamic operation constraints of power generation units,including unit output limits,ramping capability,and minimum start-stop time;the physical boundary of an electric/hot/cold multi-energy storage system involves energy storage capacity and charge/discharge efficiency;The multi-energy network coupling balance equation ensures that the energy conversion and transmission process satisfies the law of conservation of energy.Using CPLEX mathematical programming solver for simulation verification,construct an energy storage capacity configuration decision process that includes LCT-DR synergistic effect.The research results show that compared with the traditional single energy storage configuration mode,this strategy effectively enhances the economic feasibility and engineering practicality of industrial park operation by coordinating demand side resource scheduling and finely controlling carbon costs,while maintaining stable system operation.Its methodological framework provides a technical path that combines theoretical rigor and practical operability for the low-carbon transformation of regional integrated energy systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077367 and 21677123).
文摘Foliar uptake of airborne metal(loid)s plays a crucial role in metal(loid)accumulation in plant organs and is influ-enced by the size and emission sources of aerosols.Given the high enrichment of toxic metal(loid)s in submicron-scale particulates(PM1),this study established a PM1 exposure system to examine airborne metal(loid)accu-mulation and foliar physiological responses in Oryza sativa L.The results showed that the concentrations of Cu,Zn,As,Pb,and Cd in the leaves and grains were influenced not only by the airborne metal(loid)levels but also by the specific nature of the PM1 particles.The quantitative model for PM1-associated Pb entry into leaf tissue indicated that foliar Pb accumulation was primarily driven by particle adhesion,followed by hydrophilic pene-tration and trans-stomatal liquid film migration,accounting for 87%–89%of the total accumulation.The strong hygroscopicity and high Pb activity of PM1 emitted from waste incineration(WI)increased the Pb absorption coefficient via the hydrophilic and liquid film migration pathway.In contrast,the high hydrophobicity of PM1 from coal burning(CB)led to greater retention of Pb on leaf surfaces.Both foliar reactive oxygen metabolism and photosynthesis indices were sensitive to air pollution.Foliar metal(loid)accumulation and airborne PM1 concentration accounted for the variance in physiological responses in rice leaves.Our results also indicated that Pb was the key element in PM1 emissions from both coal burning(CB)and waste incineration(WI)responsible for significant physiological changes in rice leaves.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82573045,82460602,82560459)the Hainan Provincial Graduate Student Innovative Research Project(No.Qhys2024-440).
文摘Post-translational modifications(PTMs)regulate the occurrence and development of cancer,and lactylation modification is a new form of PTMs.Recent studies have found that lactic acid modification can regulate the immune tolerance of cancer cells.The classical theory holds that prostate apoptosis response-4(PAR-4)is a tumor suppressor protein.However,our recent research has found that PAR-4 has a biological function of promoting cancer in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and our analysis shows that PAR-4 can be modified of lactic acid.These research evidences suggest that PAR-4 lactylation modification may drive immune tolerance in HCC.Therefore,inhibiting PAR-4 lactylation modification is very likely to increase the sensitivity of HCC to immunotherapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12175102)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2022JJ40346)the 2022 Hunan Provincial University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.S202210555144).
文摘Owing to the inherent limitation of the internal pulse ionization chamber within the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor,that is,its inability to discriminate the energy levels of α particles,the ingress of^(220)Rn from the surrounding environment,along with its decay progeny,poses a substantive challenge in accurately determining the^(222)Rn concentration in the measurement outcomes.Among these,the protracted influence primarily stems from the two enduring decay progenies,namely^(212)Pb with a half-life of 10.64 h and^(212)Bi with a half-life of 60.54 min.This study explored the influence of^(220)Rn progeny on the measurement results of an AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor by developing a theoretical calculation model.The response coefficient related to the residual^(220)Rn progeny within the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor was experimentally validated.In addition,this study investigated the effects of temperature and wind speed on the sensitivity of the instrument to^(220)Rn gas.The research findings revealed commendable agreement between the experimentally measured response coefficients of the residual^(220)Rn progeny and the corresponding values derived from the theoretical model.Notably,both the response coefficients of the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor to^(220)Rn gas and its internal residual^(220)Rn progeny increased with elevated temperatures and increased wind speeds,providing a reference for correcting the impact of^(220)Rn and its progeny on the measurement results of^(222)Rn concentration obtained using the AlphaGUARD PQ2000 radon monitor.
文摘Chemical communication plays an important role in survival and reproductive success in mammalian species. In the present study, we examined the ontogenetic pattern of behavioral responses of male giant pandas （Ailuropoda melanoleuca ） to urine odors of conspecific individuals. Our data showed that exposure to the urine of adult females induced a significant increase in sniffing and environmental sniffing/licking behaviors, but a decrease in biting behavior, in males. Males of different ages displayed specific behaviors to female urine odors. Adult males spent more time licking than juvenile and sub-adult males. Further, sub-adult and adult males displayed high levels of environmental sniffing/licking, which was absent in the juvenile males. Juvenile males displayed scent rubbing behavior significantly more frequently than sub-adult and adult males, and also spent more time showing biting behavior than sub-adult males. Finally, juvenile and sub-aduh males showed no difference in response to female and male urine odors. Together, these data suggest that chemosensory cues from conspecific urines induce age-specific responses in male giant pandas.
基金Fund of China's National "863" Project(Grant No.2001AA249071)the"Tenth-Five-Year Plan"National Key Project(Grant No.2001BA509B0903)
文摘Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (BAG) responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde and trans-2-hexenl-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three compounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-l-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-l-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantly attractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either BAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound are markedly influenced by the concentration.
基金supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31560607)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0200802)
文摘Potato tuber moth(PTM)Phthorimaea operculella,also known as tobacco splitworm,is an important pest of tobacco plants.The knowledge on the interaction of tobacco plant volatiles and PTM behavior is limited.To clarify the effect of tobacco plant volatiles on the orientation and oviposition behaviors of PTM and to identify potential compounds for PTM control,tobacco plant volatiles were collected by headspace collection method,and volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Thirteen electrophysiological active compounds were screened by employing coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection and from which nine available compounds were further verified by electroantennogram recording.cis-3-Hexen-1-ol showed significant attractant effect on the orientation behaviors of both male and female moths.Nonanal and decanal could only attract females,while octanal exhibited repellent effect on males.Oviposition selection experiment indicated that nonanal,decanal,decane and methyl hexadecanoate could stimulate the gravid females to lay more eggs,while octanal and 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylenthyl)-4-methyl phenol inhibited their oviposition.Our study added more compounds to the list that could serve as potential PTM deterrents or attractants.
文摘We used scanning electron microscope （SEM） to observe the ultrastructure of stridulating organs in Xylotrechus rusticus L. We com- pared the morphological structure and size of stridulating organs, the numbers of a tooth-like part used in stridulation and its presence in fe- males and males of this beetle. The alarm sound of X.. rusticus was re- corded first when it was stimulated, then we tested behavioral responses to this alarm sound. The alarm sound ofX. rusticus has a warning effect on conspecifics.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral intervention on psychological stress response in breast cancer patients by cognitive behavioral intervention in breast cancer patients. Methods: Adopting the random comparison method, 100 patients with breast cancer were divided into comparison group and intervention group by 50 cases. The intervention group underwent cognitive behavioral intervention at the same time as the comparison group only received conventional treatment without cognitive behavioral intervention. Two groups of breast cancer patients were enrolled in the general questionnaire, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) within one week after admission and one month after treatment to understand the psychological stress levels of the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the scores of SAS and MCMQ between the intervention group and the comparison group before intervention (P > 0.05). But after intervention, the scores of SAS and MCMQ in the comparison group were significantly higher than those in the intervention group (P 0.05). It shows that the implementation of cognitive behavioral intervention therapy for breast cancer patients has the effect of improving their psychological status. Conclusion: Cognitive behavioral intervention therapy combined with psychology for breast cancer patients can effectively reduce their stress level, improve mental health status and improve their positive coping ability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070438)。
文摘The stress response is essential for animal self-defense and survival. However, species may exhibit stress response variation depending on their specific environmental and selection pressures. Blind cavefish dwell in cave environments, which differ markedly in stressors and resource availability compared to surface aquatic environments. However, whether blind cavefish exhibit differences in stress response as an adaptation to their cave environments remains unclear. Here, we investigated differences in stress response in six closely related Triplophysa species, including three blind cavefish (T. longibarbata, T. jiarongensis, and T. rosa) and three normal-sighted river fish (T. nasobarbatula, T. dongsaiensis, and T. bleekeri). Results showed that blind cavefish exhibited a range of distinct behavioral responses compared to sighted river fish, including greater levels of activity, shorter duration of freezing, absence of erratic movements or thrashing behavior, and opposite behavioral trends over time. Furthermore, the cavefish species demonstrated attenuated increases in metabolic rate in response to stressors related to novel environments. Cave-dwelling T. rosa also exhibited lower basal hypothalamic-pituitary-inter-renal (HPI) axis-related gene expression levels and stress hormone concentrations compared to river-dwelling T. bleekeri. These results suggest that blind cavefish may have lost their behavioral stress response, potentially mediated by a reduction in basal activity of the HPI axis, thus enabling the conservation of energy by reducing unnecessary expenditure in energy-limited caves.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81771332,81571184,81070990(all to CLZ)the Shanghai Key Medical Discipline for Critical Care Medicine of China,No.2017zz02017(to CLZ)+1 种基金the Key Discipline Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai of China,No.PWZxk2017-23,PWYgf2018-05(both to CLZ)the Outstanding Leaders Training Program of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai of China,No.PWR12018-07(to CLZ)
文摘While animal models of controlled cortical impact often display short-term motor dysfunction after injury, histological examinations do not show severe cortical damage. Thus, this model requires further improvement. Mice were subjected to injury at three severities using a Pin-Point^(TM)-controlled cortical impact device to establish secondary brain injury mouse models. Twenty-four hours after injury, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were performed for brain slices. Compared to the uninjured side, we observed differences of histopathological findings, neuronal degeneration, and glial cell number in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus on the injured side. The Morris water maze task and beam-walking test verified long-term(14–28 days) spatial learning/memory and motor balance. To conclude, the histopathological responses were positively correlated with the degree of damage,as were the long-term behavioral manifestations after controlled cortical impact. All animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China[Grant Number.19XJY007].
文摘Climate change is a global issue that poses a significant risk to the global economy and therefore warrants coordinated collective action.Employing a questionnaire survey in China,this study presents urban residents'behavioral response to climate change and its influencing factors.The results indicated that urban residents in Tianjin often took low-cost,intuitive,and quickly implementable actions,namely behavioral coping responses.Proactive adaptive behavior was also evident,which involved greater financial investment.Furthermore,according to regression analysis results of urban residents'behavior and its influencing factors,knowledge of climate change manifested a positive correlation with urban residents'behavioral coping response.In contrast,cost manifested a negative correlation with urban residents'proactive adaptive behavior,which was a more complex,costly,and challenging anticipatory action.Knowledge of climate change manifested a positive correlation with both behavioral coping response and proactive adaptive behavior.Finally,recommendations for encouraging beneficial behaviors among urban residents are suggested.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32360142).
文摘Extreme droughts are increasing in frequency and severity globally as a result of climate change.Developing understanding of species’responses to drought is crucial for their conservation,especially in regions experi-encing increased aridity.Although numerous studies have investigated birds’responses to drought,the emphasis has primarily been on landbirds.Drought can significantly alter the wetland environments that waterbirds inhabit,but the response of waterbirds to drought remains understudied.In this study,we surveyed the distri-bution and behavior of Oriental Storks(Ciconia boyciana)in Poyang Lake,which is the largest freshwater lake in China.Results indicate that drought-induced catchment areas at the lowest water level limited the total popu-lation size of Oriental Storks in the sub-lakes.Sub-lakes with large catchment areas at the lowest water level demonstrated a capacity to support a larger population of wintering Oriental Storks.Over time,Oriental Storks exhibited a gradual concentration in Changhu Lake,characterized by larger catchments,after resource depletion in sub-lakes with smaller catchments.Additionally,the duration of Oriental Storks’vigilance and moving be-haviors decreased significantly compared with that observed before the drought.After the drought,Oriental Storks increased their foraging efforts,as evidenced by increased presence in deeper water and reaching their heads and necks into deeper water to forage,higher search rates,but lower foraging rates.In accordance with area-restricted search theory,reductions in habitat quality resulting from drought,including extensive fish die-offs,forced Oriental Storks to increase their foraging efforts.Sustaining a specific water area in sub-lakes during droughts can preserve resource availability,which is crucial for the conservation of Oriental Storks.Imple-menting measures such as water level control and micro-modification of lake bottoms in sub-lakes might mitigate the impact of drought on the piscivorous Oriental Storks.
基金The Key Research Project of Frontier Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No.QYZDB-SSWDQC041the Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China under contract No.2015FY210300+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract Nos XDA23050304,XDA23050202the Open Research Fund of the Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry of State Oceanic Administration under contact No.LMEB201716the Fund of the China Scholarship Council。
文摘A laboratory-based microcosm experiment was carried out to examine both the behavioral and antioxidant response of the clam Gomphina veneriformis under the conditions of 3 types of burial material(sand,silt,silt-sand mixture)with 3 burial depths(5 cm,15 cm,30 cm).The concentration of dissolved oxygen decreased significantly after 3 d of burial in all experimental groups.In silt and sand-silt mixture groups,the interstitial water quality became worsened with lower pH,and higher NH4^(+)-N concentration,where clam mortality occurred simultaneously.However,clam samples in all sand groups and 5 cm,15 cm sand-silt mixture groups survived well for 8 d.Obviously fewer individuals left in the bottom sand in the 15 cm,30 cm silt groups and 30 cm sand-silt mixture groups than in the 5 cm groups.Therefore,it suggests that adding silt and increasing burial depth could stimulate the vertical movement of organisms and cause lethal effects.It was found that the burial depth was the key factor that influenced the activities of antioxidant enzymes,such as superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT).The SOD and CAT activities in the gills and hepatopancreases of organisms both showed significant upregulation in 30 cm burial depth after buried for 8 d.Higher enzyme activities were found in gills than in hepatopancreases,which indicated that the gills of the bivalve G.veneriformis were more susceptible to burial effects than hepatopancreases.Overall,this study shows that sediment burial could cause effects on the biological behavior and antioxidant enzyme activities.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on nurses with PTSD by using cognitive behavioral intervention. <b>Methods:</b> The subjects were selected by randomized control method, and the PTSD nurses were divided into control group (n = 30) and intervention group (n = 30). The intervention group used cognitive behavioral intervention;the control group did not use cognitive behavioral intervention. Nurses with PTSD in the two groups com</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:;" "="">pleted the basic situation survey, medical coping questionnaire (MCMQ) and anxiety self-rating form (SAS) psychological scale one month later. <b>Results:</b> There was no significant difference in MCMQ and SAS scores between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). After intervention, the scores of MCMQ and SAS in the intervention group were compared with the scores of MOCQ and SAS in the control group. The scores of the control group after intervention were significantly higher than those of the intervention group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in MCMQ and SAS in the intervention group before and after intervention (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in the control group before and after intervention (P > 0.05). It shows that cognitive behavioral intervention therapy has the effect and value of improving the psychological status of nurses with PTSD. <b>Conclusion:</b> Cognitive behavioral intervention therapy combined with psychology for nurses with PTSD can effectively relieve their stress level, relieve their mood, and improve their positive coping ability and work efficiency.</span>
