Replicating the chaotic characteristics inherent in nonlinear dynamical systems via machine learning(ML)is a key challenge in this rapidly advancing interdisciplinary field.In this work,we explore the potential of var...Replicating the chaotic characteristics inherent in nonlinear dynamical systems via machine learning(ML)is a key challenge in this rapidly advancing interdisciplinary field.In this work,we explore the potential of variational quantum circuits(VQC)for learning the stochastic properties of classical nonlinear dynamical systems.Specifically,we focus on the one-and two-dimensional logistic maps,which,while simple,remain under-explored in the context of learning dynamical characteristics.Our findings reveal that,even for such simple dynamical systems,accurately replicating longterm characteristics is hindered by a pronounced sensitivity to overfitting.While increasing the parameter complexity of the ML model typically enhances short-term prediction accuracy,it also leads to a degradation in the model’s ability to replicate long-term characteristics,primarily due to the detrimental effects of overfitting on generalization power.By comparing the VQC with two widely recognized classical ML techniques,which are long short-term memory(LSTM)networks for timeseries processing and reservoir computing,we demonstrate that VQC outperforms these methods in terms of replicating long-term characteristics.Our results suggest that for the ML of dynamics,it is demanded to develop more compact and efficient models(such as VQC)rather than more complicated and large-scale ones.展开更多
Signal transduction in a cell is mostly mediated with biochemical reactions which are noisy and often modeled with chemical master equations or Langevin type of dynamics.Thus stochastic simulation constitutes a major ...Signal transduction in a cell is mostly mediated with biochemical reactions which are noisy and often modeled with chemical master equations or Langevin type of dynamics.Thus stochastic simulation constitutes a major part of computation in cell signaling.Nevertheless,the presence of a wide span of time scales or molecular numbers in various pathways may lead to trouble in computation efficiency or accuracy.To avoid this problem,the commonly employed variational method evolves the whole probability distribution and reduces the stochastic equations to deterministic ones of only a few parameters.However,the design of the left variational basis is essential for its successful application,especially to large networks.In this paper,we extend the conventional polynomial basis to the Fourier and further the Gaussian basis,much facilitating description of multi-peaked or localized non-Gaussian distributions and at the same time avoiding numerical instability and computational complexity frequently encountered with conventional basis.The extension here is demonstrated in several typical biochemical signaling networks and achieves similar accuracy as the benchmark Gillespie algorithm,but with much less running time,which seems to open new opportunities in the variational approach to efficient analysis of noisy dynamics.展开更多
Variational quantum algorithms(VQAs)with random structures have poor trainability due to the exponentially vanishing gradient as the circuit depth and the qubit number increase.This result leads to a general belief th...Variational quantum algorithms(VQAs)with random structures have poor trainability due to the exponentially vanishing gradient as the circuit depth and the qubit number increase.This result leads to a general belief that a deep circuit will not be feasible.In this work,we provide a viable solution to the vanishing gradient problem for deep VQAs with theoretical guarantees.Specifically,we prove that for quantum controlled-layer and quantum residual network(QResNet),architectures,the expectation of the gradient norm can be lower bounded by a value that is independent of the qubit number and the circuit depth.Our results follow from a careful analysis of the gradient behavior on parameter space consisting of rotation angles,as employed in almost all VQAs,instead of relying on impractical 2-design assumptions.We conduct several numerical experiments as verifications,where only our circuits are trainable and converge,while hardware-efficient and random circuits with similar number of parameters in comparison cannot converge.展开更多
In this manuscript,we consider a non-autonomous dynamical system.Using the Carathéodory structure,we define a BS dimension on an arbitrary subset and obtain a Bowen’s equation that illustrates the relation of th...In this manuscript,we consider a non-autonomous dynamical system.Using the Carathéodory structure,we define a BS dimension on an arbitrary subset and obtain a Bowen’s equation that illustrates the relation of the BS dimension to the Pesin-Pitskel topological pressure given by Nazarian[24].Moreover,we establish a variational principle and an inverse variational principle for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.Finally,we also get an analogue of Billingsley’s theorem for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.展开更多
As a novel class of purely organic fluores-cent materials,multiple resonance thermal-ly activated delayed fluorescence(MR-TADF)compounds hold significant promise for next-generation display technologies.The efficiency...As a novel class of purely organic fluores-cent materials,multiple resonance thermal-ly activated delayed fluorescence(MR-TADF)compounds hold significant promise for next-generation display technologies.The efficiency of exciton utilization and the overall performance of organic light-emit-ting devices are closely linked to the singlet-triplet energy gap(ΔE_(ST))of MR-TADF emitters.Identifying an economic and accu-rate theoretical approach to predictΔE_(ST)would be beneficial for high-throughput screening and facilitate the inverse design of MR-TADF molecules.In this study,we evaluated the S_(1)state energy(E(S_(1))),T_(1)state ener-gy(E(T_(1))),andΔE_(ST)using three different physical interpretations:adiabatic excitation ener-gy,vertical absorption energy,and vertical emission energy.We employed the time-depen-dent density functional theory(TDDFT)and delta self-consistent field(ΔSCF)methods to calculate E(S_(1)),E(T_(1)),andΔE_(ST)for 20 MR-TADF molecules reported in the literature.We compared these calculated values with experimental data obtained from fluorescence spec-troscopy at room-temperature(or 77 K)and phosphorescence spectroscopy conducted at 77 K.Our findings indicate that the vertical absorption energy at the S0 state minimum,deter-mined by theΔSCF method,accurately predicts the S_(1)state energy.Similarly,the vertical absorption energy at the S0 state minimum,calculated using the TDDFT method,effectively predicts the T_(1)state energy.TheΔE_(ST)derived from the difference between these two excita-tion energies exhibited the smallest mean absolute error of only 0.039 eV compared to the ex-perimental values.This combination represents the most accurate and cost-effective method reported to date for predicting theΔE_(ST)of MR-TADF molecules,and can be integrated into AI-driven inverse design workflows for new emitters.展开更多
Objectives This review aimed to systematically synthesize the available research on the disclosure of diagnosis and related issues in childhood cancer from the perspectives of healthcare professionals,with the goal of...Objectives This review aimed to systematically synthesize the available research on the disclosure of diagnosis and related issues in childhood cancer from the perspectives of healthcare professionals,with the goal of informing the optimization of disclosure processes and meeting the communication needs of affected families.Methods In accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)methodology for mixed methods systematic reviews,the convergent segregated approach was used in this review.Articles were retrieved from 11 databases,including PubMed,Web of Science,CINAHL,CENTRAL,Embase,Ovid/Medline,PsycINFO,PsycArticles,Scopus,ERIC,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool(MMAT).The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024542746).Results A total of 21 studies from 10 countries were included.Their methodological quality was generally medium to high,with MMAT scores ranging from 60%to 100%.The synthesis yielded three core themes:1)the spectrum of professional and societal attitudes toward disclosure;2)the dynamic practices of navigating disclosure amid uncertainty,including timing and environment,stakeholders,and content of disclosure;and 3)factors influencing disclosure,including children’s,parental,healthcare professionals’,and socio-cultural factors.Conclusions This review synthesized the perspectives and experiences of healthcare professionals regarding disclosure in childhood cancer,highlighting the complexity and multidimensional nature of this process in clinical practice.Future research should further investigate the experiences and needs of children and their parents,explore cultural variations in disclosure practices,develop context-appropriate assessment tools,and construct multidimensional intervention strategies to enhance the humanistic care and professional effectiveness of the disclosure process.展开更多
The Good Wife is an American TV series that focuses on women’s independence,politics,and law.The drama has been remade in China,Japan,and South Korea.This research aims to use Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory to...The Good Wife is an American TV series that focuses on women’s independence,politics,and law.The drama has been remade in China,Japan,and South Korea.This research aims to use Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory to analyze the methods of its English-to-Chinese subtitle translation by considering social,cultural,and historic backgrounds between China and America.After data collection and case analysis,the study found that:(1)Five major translation methods are adopted in the subtitle translation of The Good Wife.They are free translation,variation,literal translation,addition,and omission.Among them,free translation is the most frequently used,while omission is used least.(2)The subtitle translation of films and TV series is limited by time and space restrictions,social-cultural differences,and other factors.When translating,translators should try to use humorous words,euphemism,intonation,and other ways,and combine different methods such as literal translation,free translation,variation,addition,omission,and other methods to seek equivalence both in the meaning and function of subtitles under the guidance of Functional Equivalence Theory.展开更多
This paper studies high order compact finite volume methods on non-uniform meshes for one-dimensional elliptic and parabolic differential equations with the Robin boundary conditions.An explicit scheme and an implicit...This paper studies high order compact finite volume methods on non-uniform meshes for one-dimensional elliptic and parabolic differential equations with the Robin boundary conditions.An explicit scheme and an implicit scheme are obtained by discretizing the equivalent integral form of the equation.For the explicit scheme with nodal values,the algebraic system can be solved by the Thomas method.For the implicit scheme with both nodal values and their derivatives,the system can be implemented by a prediction-correction procedure,where in the correction stage,an implicit formula for recovering the nodal derivatives is introduced.Taking two point boundary value problem as an example,we prove that both the explicit and implicit schemes are convergent with fourth order accuracy with respect to some standard discrete norms using the energy method.Two numerical examples demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the schemes,as well as the indispensability of using non-uniform meshes.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the advantages of diversified teaching methods in the clinical instruction of operating room nursing interns. Methods: Twenty-one nursing interns who underwent internships in the operating room f...Objective: To analyze the advantages of diversified teaching methods in the clinical instruction of operating room nursing interns. Methods: Twenty-one nursing interns who underwent internships in the operating room from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the control group and received conventional teaching methods. Another twenty-one nursing interns who underwent internships in the operating room from April 2024 to April 2025 were selected as the experimental group and received diversified teaching methods. The teaching effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The experimental group scored higher than the control group in assessments, teaching satisfaction, and teaching quality evaluations, as well as in post-instruction professional identity scores (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Diversified teaching methods can enhance the professional competence of operating room nursing interns, cultivate their professional identity, and yield high teaching satisfaction, thereby improving teaching quality.展开更多
This paper presents an overview of the pathogens, symptoms of damage, patterns of occurrence, and chemical control methods associated with four major pear tree diseases: pear scab, pear ring rot, pear anthracnose, and...This paper presents an overview of the pathogens, symptoms of damage, patterns of occurrence, and chemical control methods associated with four major pear tree diseases: pear scab, pear ring rot, pear anthracnose, and pear speckle. The objective is to provide valuable references for the scientific and precise prevention and management of diseases in pear orchards, thereby contributing to the production of high-quality and high-yield pear fruits.展开更多
Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects exte...Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.展开更多
In this paper we investigate a class of impulsive differential equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Firstly, we define new inner product of <img src="Edit_890fce38-e82b-4f36-be40-9d05e8119b88.png"...In this paper we investigate a class of impulsive differential equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Firstly, we define new inner product of <img src="Edit_890fce38-e82b-4f36-be40-9d05e8119b88.png" width="40" height="17" alt="" /> and prove that the norm which is deduced by the inner product is equivalent to the usual norm. Secondly, we construct the lower and upper solutions of (1.1). Thirdly, we obtain the existence of a positive solution, a negative solution and a sign-changing solution by using critical point theory and variational methods. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the application of our main result.展开更多
This paper compares the variational iteration method(VIM),the Adomian decomposition method(ADM)and the Picard iteration method(PIM)for solving a system of first o rder n onlinear o rdinary d ifferential e quations(ODE...This paper compares the variational iteration method(VIM),the Adomian decomposition method(ADM)and the Picard iteration method(PIM)for solving a system of first o rder n onlinear o rdinary d ifferential e quations(ODEs).A unification of the concepts underlying these three methods is attempted by considering a very general iterative algorithm for VIM.It is found that all the three methods can be regarded as special cases of using a very general matrix of Lagrange multipliers in the iterative algorithm of VIM.The global variational iteration method is briefly reviewed,and further recast into a Local VIM,which is much more convenient and capable of predicting long term complex dynamic responses of nonlinear systems even if they are chaotic.展开更多
The variational principle of minimum free energy(MFEVP)has been widely used in research of soft matter statics.The MFEVP can be used not only to derive equilibrium equations(including both bulk equations and boundary ...The variational principle of minimum free energy(MFEVP)has been widely used in research of soft matter statics.The MFEVP can be used not only to derive equilibrium equations(including both bulk equations and boundary conditions),but also to develop direct variational methods(such as Ritz method)to find approximate solutions to these equilibrium equations.We apply these variational methods to study long-range force transmission in nonlinear elastic biopolymer gels.It is shown that the slow decay of cell-induced displacements measured experimentally for fibroblast spheroids in threedimensional fibrin gels can be well explained by variational approximations based on the three-chain model of biopolymer gels.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the split equality variational inclusion problems in the setting of Banach spaces. For solving this kind of problems, some new iterative algorithms are proposed. Und...The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the split equality variational inclusion problems in the setting of Banach spaces. For solving this kind of problems, some new iterative algorithms are proposed. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for the sequences generated by the proposed algorithm are proved. As applications, we shall utilize the results presented in the paper to study the split equality feasibility prob- lems in Banach spaces and the split equality equilibrium problem in Banach spaces. The results presented in the paper are new.展开更多
The classical variational inequality problem with a Lipschitzian and strongly monotone operator on a nonempty closed convex subset in a real Hilbert space is studied. A new three-step relaxed hybrid steepest-descent m...The classical variational inequality problem with a Lipschitzian and strongly monotone operator on a nonempty closed convex subset in a real Hilbert space is studied. A new three-step relaxed hybrid steepest-descent method for this class of variational inequalities is introduced. Strong convergence of this method is established under suitable assumptions imposed on the algorithm parameters.展开更多
The author aimed to investigate the solvability for nonlinear differential equations with not instantaneous impulses.Variational approach was adopted to obtain the existence of weak solutions as critical points. The f...The author aimed to investigate the solvability for nonlinear differential equations with not instantaneous impulses.Variational approach was adopted to obtain the existence of weak solutions as critical points. The findings of this study may serve as a reference for multiplicity of impulsive problems.展开更多
Many methods have been proposed in the literature for solving the split variational inequality problem.Most of these methods either require that this problem is transformed into an equivalent variational inequality pr...Many methods have been proposed in the literature for solving the split variational inequality problem.Most of these methods either require that this problem is transformed into an equivalent variational inequality problem in a product space,or that the underlying operators are co-coercive.However,it has been discovered that such product space transformation may cause some potential difficulties during implementation and its approach may not fully exploit the attractive splitting nature of the split variational inequality problem.On the other hand,the co-coercive assumption of the underlying operators would preclude the potential applications of these methods.To avoid these setbacks,we propose two new relaxed inertial methods for solving the split variational inequality problem without any product space transformation,and for which the underlying operators are freed from the restrictive co-coercive assumption.The methods proposed,involve projections onto half-spaces only,and originate from an explicit discretization of a dynamical system,which combines both the inertial and relaxation techniques in order to achieve high convergence speed.Moreover,the sequence generated by these methods is shown to converge strongly to a minimum-norm solution of the problem in real Hilbert spaces.Furthermore,numerical implementations and comparisons are given to support our theoretical findings.展开更多
In this paper we study the proximal point algorithm (PPA) based predictioncorrection (PC) methods for monotone variational inequalities. Each iteration of these methods consists of a prediction and a correction. The p...In this paper we study the proximal point algorithm (PPA) based predictioncorrection (PC) methods for monotone variational inequalities. Each iteration of these methods consists of a prediction and a correction. The predictors are produced by inexact PPA steps. The new iterates are then updated by a correction using the PPA formula. We present two profit functions which serve two purposes: First we show that the profit functions are tight lower bounds of the improvements obtained in each iteration. Based on this conclusion we obtain the convergence inexactness restrictions for the prediction step. Second we show that the profit functions are quadratically dependent upon the step lengths, thus the optimal step lengths are obtained in the correction step. In the last part of the paper we compare the strengths of different methods based on their inexactness restrictions.展开更多
The finite-dimensional variational inequality problem (VIP) has been studied extensively in the literature because of its successful applications in many fields such as economics, transportation, regional science and ...The finite-dimensional variational inequality problem (VIP) has been studied extensively in the literature because of its successful applications in many fields such as economics, transportation, regional science and operations research. Barker and Pang[1] have given an excellent survey of theories, methods and applications of VIPs.展开更多
基金Project supported in part by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.1232025)Peng Huanwu Visiting Pro-fessor Program,and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies,Capital Normal University.
文摘Replicating the chaotic characteristics inherent in nonlinear dynamical systems via machine learning(ML)is a key challenge in this rapidly advancing interdisciplinary field.In this work,we explore the potential of variational quantum circuits(VQC)for learning the stochastic properties of classical nonlinear dynamical systems.Specifically,we focus on the one-and two-dimensional logistic maps,which,while simple,remain under-explored in the context of learning dynamical characteristics.Our findings reveal that,even for such simple dynamical systems,accurately replicating longterm characteristics is hindered by a pronounced sensitivity to overfitting.While increasing the parameter complexity of the ML model typically enhances short-term prediction accuracy,it also leads to a degradation in the model’s ability to replicate long-term characteristics,primarily due to the detrimental effects of overfitting on generalization power.By comparing the VQC with two widely recognized classical ML techniques,which are long short-term memory(LSTM)networks for timeseries processing and reservoir computing,we demonstrate that VQC outperforms these methods in terms of replicating long-term characteristics.Our results suggest that for the ML of dynamics,it is demanded to develop more compact and efficient models(such as VQC)rather than more complicated and large-scale ones.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.12375030。
文摘Signal transduction in a cell is mostly mediated with biochemical reactions which are noisy and often modeled with chemical master equations or Langevin type of dynamics.Thus stochastic simulation constitutes a major part of computation in cell signaling.Nevertheless,the presence of a wide span of time scales or molecular numbers in various pathways may lead to trouble in computation efficiency or accuracy.To avoid this problem,the commonly employed variational method evolves the whole probability distribution and reduces the stochastic equations to deterministic ones of only a few parameters.However,the design of the left variational basis is essential for its successful application,especially to large networks.In this paper,we extend the conventional polynomial basis to the Fourier and further the Gaussian basis,much facilitating description of multi-peaked or localized non-Gaussian distributions and at the same time avoiding numerical instability and computational complexity frequently encountered with conventional basis.The extension here is demonstrated in several typical biochemical signaling networks and achieves similar accuracy as the benchmark Gillespie algorithm,but with much less running time,which seems to open new opportunities in the variational approach to efficient analysis of noisy dynamics.
基金The national research foundation of Singapore(NRF-P2024-001).
文摘Variational quantum algorithms(VQAs)with random structures have poor trainability due to the exponentially vanishing gradient as the circuit depth and the qubit number increase.This result leads to a general belief that a deep circuit will not be feasible.In this work,we provide a viable solution to the vanishing gradient problem for deep VQAs with theoretical guarantees.Specifically,we prove that for quantum controlled-layer and quantum residual network(QResNet),architectures,the expectation of the gradient norm can be lower bounded by a value that is independent of the qubit number and the circuit depth.Our results follow from a careful analysis of the gradient behavior on parameter space consisting of rotation angles,as employed in almost all VQAs,instead of relying on impractical 2-design assumptions.We conduct several numerical experiments as verifications,where only our circuits are trainable and converge,while hardware-efficient and random circuits with similar number of parameters in comparison cannot converge.
基金supported by the NSFC(12461012)and the NSF of Chongqing(CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1246).
文摘In this manuscript,we consider a non-autonomous dynamical system.Using the Carathéodory structure,we define a BS dimension on an arbitrary subset and obtain a Bowen’s equation that illustrates the relation of the BS dimension to the Pesin-Pitskel topological pressure given by Nazarian[24].Moreover,we establish a variational principle and an inverse variational principle for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.Finally,we also get an analogue of Billingsley’s theorem for the BS dimension of non-autonomous dynamical systems.
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22273043).
文摘As a novel class of purely organic fluores-cent materials,multiple resonance thermal-ly activated delayed fluorescence(MR-TADF)compounds hold significant promise for next-generation display technologies.The efficiency of exciton utilization and the overall performance of organic light-emit-ting devices are closely linked to the singlet-triplet energy gap(ΔE_(ST))of MR-TADF emitters.Identifying an economic and accu-rate theoretical approach to predictΔE_(ST)would be beneficial for high-throughput screening and facilitate the inverse design of MR-TADF molecules.In this study,we evaluated the S_(1)state energy(E(S_(1))),T_(1)state ener-gy(E(T_(1))),andΔE_(ST)using three different physical interpretations:adiabatic excitation ener-gy,vertical absorption energy,and vertical emission energy.We employed the time-depen-dent density functional theory(TDDFT)and delta self-consistent field(ΔSCF)methods to calculate E(S_(1)),E(T_(1)),andΔE_(ST)for 20 MR-TADF molecules reported in the literature.We compared these calculated values with experimental data obtained from fluorescence spec-troscopy at room-temperature(or 77 K)and phosphorescence spectroscopy conducted at 77 K.Our findings indicate that the vertical absorption energy at the S0 state minimum,deter-mined by theΔSCF method,accurately predicts the S_(1)state energy.Similarly,the vertical absorption energy at the S0 state minimum,calculated using the TDDFT method,effectively predicts the T_(1)state energy.TheΔE_(ST)derived from the difference between these two excita-tion energies exhibited the smallest mean absolute error of only 0.039 eV compared to the ex-perimental values.This combination represents the most accurate and cost-effective method reported to date for predicting theΔE_(ST)of MR-TADF molecules,and can be integrated into AI-driven inverse design workflows for new emitters.
基金supported by the Fuxing Nursing Research Foundation of Fudan University[FNF202352].
文摘Objectives This review aimed to systematically synthesize the available research on the disclosure of diagnosis and related issues in childhood cancer from the perspectives of healthcare professionals,with the goal of informing the optimization of disclosure processes and meeting the communication needs of affected families.Methods In accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)methodology for mixed methods systematic reviews,the convergent segregated approach was used in this review.Articles were retrieved from 11 databases,including PubMed,Web of Science,CINAHL,CENTRAL,Embase,Ovid/Medline,PsycINFO,PsycArticles,Scopus,ERIC,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool(MMAT).The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024542746).Results A total of 21 studies from 10 countries were included.Their methodological quality was generally medium to high,with MMAT scores ranging from 60%to 100%.The synthesis yielded three core themes:1)the spectrum of professional and societal attitudes toward disclosure;2)the dynamic practices of navigating disclosure amid uncertainty,including timing and environment,stakeholders,and content of disclosure;and 3)factors influencing disclosure,including children’s,parental,healthcare professionals’,and socio-cultural factors.Conclusions This review synthesized the perspectives and experiences of healthcare professionals regarding disclosure in childhood cancer,highlighting the complexity and multidimensional nature of this process in clinical practice.Future research should further investigate the experiences and needs of children and their parents,explore cultural variations in disclosure practices,develop context-appropriate assessment tools,and construct multidimensional intervention strategies to enhance the humanistic care and professional effectiveness of the disclosure process.
文摘The Good Wife is an American TV series that focuses on women’s independence,politics,and law.The drama has been remade in China,Japan,and South Korea.This research aims to use Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory to analyze the methods of its English-to-Chinese subtitle translation by considering social,cultural,and historic backgrounds between China and America.After data collection and case analysis,the study found that:(1)Five major translation methods are adopted in the subtitle translation of The Good Wife.They are free translation,variation,literal translation,addition,and omission.Among them,free translation is the most frequently used,while omission is used least.(2)The subtitle translation of films and TV series is limited by time and space restrictions,social-cultural differences,and other factors.When translating,translators should try to use humorous words,euphemism,intonation,and other ways,and combine different methods such as literal translation,free translation,variation,addition,omission,and other methods to seek equivalence both in the meaning and function of subtitles under the guidance of Functional Equivalence Theory.
文摘This paper studies high order compact finite volume methods on non-uniform meshes for one-dimensional elliptic and parabolic differential equations with the Robin boundary conditions.An explicit scheme and an implicit scheme are obtained by discretizing the equivalent integral form of the equation.For the explicit scheme with nodal values,the algebraic system can be solved by the Thomas method.For the implicit scheme with both nodal values and their derivatives,the system can be implemented by a prediction-correction procedure,where in the correction stage,an implicit formula for recovering the nodal derivatives is introduced.Taking two point boundary value problem as an example,we prove that both the explicit and implicit schemes are convergent with fourth order accuracy with respect to some standard discrete norms using the energy method.Two numerical examples demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the schemes,as well as the indispensability of using non-uniform meshes.
文摘Objective: To analyze the advantages of diversified teaching methods in the clinical instruction of operating room nursing interns. Methods: Twenty-one nursing interns who underwent internships in the operating room from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the control group and received conventional teaching methods. Another twenty-one nursing interns who underwent internships in the operating room from April 2024 to April 2025 were selected as the experimental group and received diversified teaching methods. The teaching effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The experimental group scored higher than the control group in assessments, teaching satisfaction, and teaching quality evaluations, as well as in post-instruction professional identity scores (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Diversified teaching methods can enhance the professional competence of operating room nursing interns, cultivate their professional identity, and yield high teaching satisfaction, thereby improving teaching quality.
基金Supported by Innovation Project of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences(2022KJCXZX-CGS-7)Hebei Agriculture Research System(HBCT2024170406).
文摘This paper presents an overview of the pathogens, symptoms of damage, patterns of occurrence, and chemical control methods associated with four major pear tree diseases: pear scab, pear ring rot, pear anthracnose, and pear speckle. The objective is to provide valuable references for the scientific and precise prevention and management of diseases in pear orchards, thereby contributing to the production of high-quality and high-yield pear fruits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52021005,52325904,and 51991391)。
文摘Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.
文摘In this paper we investigate a class of impulsive differential equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Firstly, we define new inner product of <img src="Edit_890fce38-e82b-4f36-be40-9d05e8119b88.png" width="40" height="17" alt="" /> and prove that the norm which is deduced by the inner product is equivalent to the usual norm. Secondly, we construct the lower and upper solutions of (1.1). Thirdly, we obtain the existence of a positive solution, a negative solution and a sign-changing solution by using critical point theory and variational methods. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the application of our main result.
文摘This paper compares the variational iteration method(VIM),the Adomian decomposition method(ADM)and the Picard iteration method(PIM)for solving a system of first o rder n onlinear o rdinary d ifferential e quations(ODEs).A unification of the concepts underlying these three methods is attempted by considering a very general iterative algorithm for VIM.It is found that all the three methods can be regarded as special cases of using a very general matrix of Lagrange multipliers in the iterative algorithm of VIM.The global variational iteration method is briefly reviewed,and further recast into a Local VIM,which is much more convenient and capable of predicting long term complex dynamic responses of nonlinear systems even if they are chaotic.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(Grant No.12004082)Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2019),2020 Li Ka Shing Foundation Cross-Disciplinary Research(Grant No.2020LKSFG08A)+3 种基金Provincial Science Foundation of Guangdong(Grant No.2019A1515110809)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2020B1515310005)Featured Innovative Projects(Grant No.2018KTSCX282)Youth Talent Innovative Platforms(Grant No.2018KQNCX318)in Universities in Guangdong Province。
文摘The variational principle of minimum free energy(MFEVP)has been widely used in research of soft matter statics.The MFEVP can be used not only to derive equilibrium equations(including both bulk equations and boundary conditions),but also to develop direct variational methods(such as Ritz method)to find approximate solutions to these equilibrium equations.We apply these variational methods to study long-range force transmission in nonlinear elastic biopolymer gels.It is shown that the slow decay of cell-induced displacements measured experimentally for fibroblast spheroids in threedimensional fibrin gels can be well explained by variational approximations based on the three-chain model of biopolymer gels.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11361070)the Natural Science Foundation of China Medical University,Taiwan
文摘The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the split equality variational inclusion problems in the setting of Banach spaces. For solving this kind of problems, some new iterative algorithms are proposed. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for the sequences generated by the proposed algorithm are proved. As applications, we shall utilize the results presented in the paper to study the split equality feasibility prob- lems in Banach spaces and the split equality equilibrium problem in Banach spaces. The results presented in the paper are new.
基金Project supported by the Key Science Foundation of Education Department of Sichuan Province of China (No.2003A081)Sichuan Province Leading Academic Discipline Project (No.SZD0406)
文摘The classical variational inequality problem with a Lipschitzian and strongly monotone operator on a nonempty closed convex subset in a real Hilbert space is studied. A new three-step relaxed hybrid steepest-descent method for this class of variational inequalities is introduced. Strong convergence of this method is established under suitable assumptions imposed on the algorithm parameters.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.11601143,11801160)School Level Scientific Research Project of Hunan First Normal University,China(No.XYS14N15)
文摘The author aimed to investigate the solvability for nonlinear differential equations with not instantaneous impulses.Variational approach was adopted to obtain the existence of weak solutions as critical points. The findings of this study may serve as a reference for multiplicity of impulsive problems.
基金supported by the University of KwaZulu-Natal(UKZN)Doctoral Scholarshipsupported by the National Research Foundation(NRF)South Africa(S&F-DSI/NRF Free Standing Postdoctoral Fellowship(120784)supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF)South Africa Incentive Funding for Rated Researchers(119903).
文摘Many methods have been proposed in the literature for solving the split variational inequality problem.Most of these methods either require that this problem is transformed into an equivalent variational inequality problem in a product space,or that the underlying operators are co-coercive.However,it has been discovered that such product space transformation may cause some potential difficulties during implementation and its approach may not fully exploit the attractive splitting nature of the split variational inequality problem.On the other hand,the co-coercive assumption of the underlying operators would preclude the potential applications of these methods.To avoid these setbacks,we propose two new relaxed inertial methods for solving the split variational inequality problem without any product space transformation,and for which the underlying operators are freed from the restrictive co-coercive assumption.The methods proposed,involve projections onto half-spaces only,and originate from an explicit discretization of a dynamical system,which combines both the inertial and relaxation techniques in order to achieve high convergence speed.Moreover,the sequence generated by these methods is shown to converge strongly to a minimum-norm solution of the problem in real Hilbert spaces.Furthermore,numerical implementations and comparisons are given to support our theoretical findings.
基金The author was supported by NSFC Grant 10271054MOEC grant 20020284027 and Jiangsur NSF grant BK20002075.
文摘In this paper we study the proximal point algorithm (PPA) based predictioncorrection (PC) methods for monotone variational inequalities. Each iteration of these methods consists of a prediction and a correction. The predictors are produced by inexact PPA steps. The new iterates are then updated by a correction using the PPA formula. We present two profit functions which serve two purposes: First we show that the profit functions are tight lower bounds of the improvements obtained in each iteration. Based on this conclusion we obtain the convergence inexactness restrictions for the prediction step. Second we show that the profit functions are quadratically dependent upon the step lengths, thus the optimal step lengths are obtained in the correction step. In the last part of the paper we compare the strengths of different methods based on their inexactness restrictions.
基金The NNSF (10071031) of China and National 973 Project.
文摘The finite-dimensional variational inequality problem (VIP) has been studied extensively in the literature because of its successful applications in many fields such as economics, transportation, regional science and operations research. Barker and Pang[1] have given an excellent survey of theories, methods and applications of VIPs.
