The yam Dioscorea alata L.is widely cultivated globally.Purple-fleshed varieties of this important crop have enhanced market value due to their high anthocyanin contents,but how anthocyanin biosynthesis in D.alata tub...The yam Dioscorea alata L.is widely cultivated globally.Purple-fleshed varieties of this important crop have enhanced market value due to their high anthocyanin contents,but how anthocyanin biosynthesis in D.alata tubers is regulated remains poorly understood.In this study,we identified and functionally validated key transcription factors that regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis based on a comparative transcriptome and metabolome analysis of three D.alata cultivars with different colored tubers(dark purple,light purple,and white).The anthocyanin glycoside cyanidin-3-O-(2′′-O-glucosyl)glucoside was abundant during early tuber development,and we determined that its accumulation is regulated in opposite manners by two R2R3-MYB transcription factors:DaMYB75 and DaMYB56.Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays in Nicotiana benthamiana and co-expression assays in D.alata demonstrated that DaMYB75 promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis by specifically activating the promoter of the late anthocyanin biosynthesis gene DaANS and enhancing its expression through an interaction with DabHLH72.By contrast,DaMYB56 is a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis that binds to the DaANS promoter together with DabHLH72.Furthermore,the methylation levels of the DaMYB75 promoter were significantly lower in purple tubers than in white tubers.These findings shed light on the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis by MYBs and provide the basis for genetically improving anthocyanin content in D.alata.展开更多
Blueberry(Vaccinium ashei)is highly characterized by its nutritional value,with an extremely high anthocyanin content,and rabbiteye blueberry is widely grown across China.However,molecular regulatory mechanisms underl...Blueberry(Vaccinium ashei)is highly characterized by its nutritional value,with an extremely high anthocyanin content,and rabbiteye blueberry is widely grown across China.However,molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the high anthocyanin accumulation during the fruit development and colouration of rabbiteye blueberry fruit,have not yet been fully clarified so far.The fruit anthocyanin content of rabbiteye blueberry in the karstic area of Guizhou Province,China,is much higher compared to that in other regions,and the fruit colour is highly affected by anthocyanin accumulation.Currently,the untargeted metabolomics and HPLC assays have been carried out using rabbiteye blueberry fruit at various stages,and it was investigated that cyanidin(Cy)and pelargonidin(Pg)reached their peaks at the red fruit(RF)stage,whereas delphinidin(Dp),petudinin(Pt),malvidin(Mv),and peonidin(Pn)got their ceilings at the mature fruit(MF)stage.Transcriptome and co-expression network analyses showed that 27 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were associated with anthocyanin content,among which VdMYB56,belonging to the R2R3-MYB family,was markedly up-regulated during the development and colouration of fruit,and was significantly higher in the skin than in the pulp.Furthermore,VdMYB56-overexpressing tomato fruits demonstrated a substantial elevation in anthocyanin content on the 35th day after flowering(DAF).It was worth noting that VdMYB56 could directly bind to the promoter of Vd3GT to enhance its expression,thereby further strengthening the anthocyanin accumulation.Meantime,multiple assays verified that VdMYB69,an R2R3-MYB member,might interact with VdMYB56,leading to the promotion of VdMYB56 expression.Conclusively,the VdMYB56-VdMYB69 module is a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in rabbiteye blueberry,which may provide new insights into high-anthocyanin breeding,particularly for the southern karstic regions.展开更多
^(56)Fe是反应堆屏蔽设计中的重要核素之一,量化^(56)Fe对屏蔽计算造成的不确定度,对确定反应堆屏蔽设计不确定度来源具有重要意义。本文首先利用评价核数据库抽样程序NECP-SOUL,基于JEFF-3.3、ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0进行抽样,然后对每个样本利用...^(56)Fe是反应堆屏蔽设计中的重要核素之一,量化^(56)Fe对屏蔽计算造成的不确定度,对确定反应堆屏蔽设计不确定度来源具有重要意义。本文首先利用评价核数据库抽样程序NECP-SOUL,基于JEFF-3.3、ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0进行抽样,然后对每个样本利用核数据处理程序NECP-Atlas制作适用于屏蔽计算的多群数据库,利用离散纵标输运程序NECP-hydra计算ASPIS-Fe与ALARM-CF-FE-SHIELD-001基准题,量化探测器反应率计算结果的不确定度。结果表明,随屏蔽材料厚度的增加,不确定度逐渐增大;仅对截面协方差进行抽样时,弹性散射与非弹性散射截面协方差对快中子探测器反应率不确定度有较大影响,对1 Me V以上中子敏感的^(32)S(n,p)^(32)P探测器造成的不确定度最大达20%以上;此外,在同时考虑截面协方差与次级粒子角分布协方差后,不确定度量化结果会比仅考虑截面协方差时增加约2%。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32460767)Jiangxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program(20232BBF60007)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20224BAB205024).
文摘The yam Dioscorea alata L.is widely cultivated globally.Purple-fleshed varieties of this important crop have enhanced market value due to their high anthocyanin contents,but how anthocyanin biosynthesis in D.alata tubers is regulated remains poorly understood.In this study,we identified and functionally validated key transcription factors that regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis based on a comparative transcriptome and metabolome analysis of three D.alata cultivars with different colored tubers(dark purple,light purple,and white).The anthocyanin glycoside cyanidin-3-O-(2′′-O-glucosyl)glucoside was abundant during early tuber development,and we determined that its accumulation is regulated in opposite manners by two R2R3-MYB transcription factors:DaMYB75 and DaMYB56.Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays in Nicotiana benthamiana and co-expression assays in D.alata demonstrated that DaMYB75 promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis by specifically activating the promoter of the late anthocyanin biosynthesis gene DaANS and enhancing its expression through an interaction with DabHLH72.By contrast,DaMYB56 is a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis that binds to the DaANS promoter together with DabHLH72.Furthermore,the methylation levels of the DaMYB75 promoter were significantly lower in purple tubers than in white tubers.These findings shed light on the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis by MYBs and provide the basis for genetically improving anthocyanin content in D.alata.
基金supported by grants from the Core Program grants of Guizhou Province,China(Grant No.QKHZDZXZ[2024]28)the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects of China(Grant No.YQK[2023]008)the Guizhou Provincial Scientific and Technological Program(Grant No.QKHFQ[2024]004-1).
文摘Blueberry(Vaccinium ashei)is highly characterized by its nutritional value,with an extremely high anthocyanin content,and rabbiteye blueberry is widely grown across China.However,molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the high anthocyanin accumulation during the fruit development and colouration of rabbiteye blueberry fruit,have not yet been fully clarified so far.The fruit anthocyanin content of rabbiteye blueberry in the karstic area of Guizhou Province,China,is much higher compared to that in other regions,and the fruit colour is highly affected by anthocyanin accumulation.Currently,the untargeted metabolomics and HPLC assays have been carried out using rabbiteye blueberry fruit at various stages,and it was investigated that cyanidin(Cy)and pelargonidin(Pg)reached their peaks at the red fruit(RF)stage,whereas delphinidin(Dp),petudinin(Pt),malvidin(Mv),and peonidin(Pn)got their ceilings at the mature fruit(MF)stage.Transcriptome and co-expression network analyses showed that 27 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were associated with anthocyanin content,among which VdMYB56,belonging to the R2R3-MYB family,was markedly up-regulated during the development and colouration of fruit,and was significantly higher in the skin than in the pulp.Furthermore,VdMYB56-overexpressing tomato fruits demonstrated a substantial elevation in anthocyanin content on the 35th day after flowering(DAF).It was worth noting that VdMYB56 could directly bind to the promoter of Vd3GT to enhance its expression,thereby further strengthening the anthocyanin accumulation.Meantime,multiple assays verified that VdMYB69,an R2R3-MYB member,might interact with VdMYB56,leading to the promotion of VdMYB56 expression.Conclusively,the VdMYB56-VdMYB69 module is a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in rabbiteye blueberry,which may provide new insights into high-anthocyanin breeding,particularly for the southern karstic regions.
文摘^(56)Fe是反应堆屏蔽设计中的重要核素之一,量化^(56)Fe对屏蔽计算造成的不确定度,对确定反应堆屏蔽设计不确定度来源具有重要意义。本文首先利用评价核数据库抽样程序NECP-SOUL,基于JEFF-3.3、ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0进行抽样,然后对每个样本利用核数据处理程序NECP-Atlas制作适用于屏蔽计算的多群数据库,利用离散纵标输运程序NECP-hydra计算ASPIS-Fe与ALARM-CF-FE-SHIELD-001基准题,量化探测器反应率计算结果的不确定度。结果表明,随屏蔽材料厚度的增加,不确定度逐渐增大;仅对截面协方差进行抽样时,弹性散射与非弹性散射截面协方差对快中子探测器反应率不确定度有较大影响,对1 Me V以上中子敏感的^(32)S(n,p)^(32)P探测器造成的不确定度最大达20%以上;此外,在同时考虑截面协方差与次级粒子角分布协方差后,不确定度量化结果会比仅考虑截面协方差时增加约2%。
