Reservoirs with a group of vertical fractures in a vertical transversely isotropic(VTI)background are considered as orthorhombic(ORT)medium.However,fracture detection in ORT medium using seismic inversion methods rema...Reservoirs with a group of vertical fractures in a vertical transversely isotropic(VTI)background are considered as orthorhombic(ORT)medium.However,fracture detection in ORT medium using seismic inversion methods remains challenging,as it requires the estimation of more than eight parameters.Assuming the reservoir to be a weakly anisotropic ORT medium with small contrasts in the background elastic parameters,a new azimuthal elastic impedance equation was first derived using parameter combinations and mathematical approximations.This equation exhibited almost the same accuracy as the original equation and contained only six model parameters:the compression modulus,anisotropic shear modulus,anisotropic compression modulus,density,normal fracture weakness,and tangential fracture weakness.Subsequently,a stepwise inversion method using second-order derivatives of the elastic impedance was developed to estimate these parameters.Moreover,the Thomsen anisotropy parameter,epsilon,was estimated from the inversion results using the ratio of the anisotropic compression modulus to the compression modulus.Synthetic examples with moderate noise and field data examples confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the inversion method.The proposed method exhibited accuracy similar to that of previous inversion strategies and could predict richer vertical fracture information.Ultimately,the method was applied to a three-dimensional work area,and the predictions were consistent with logging and geological a priori information,confirming the effectiveness of this method.Summarily,the proposed stepwise inversion method can alleviate the uncertainty of multi-parameter inversion in ORT medium,thereby improving the reliability of fracture detection.展开更多
The primary goal of a phase I clinical trial is to find the maximum tolerable dose of a treatment. In this paper, we propose a new stepwise method based on confidence bound and information incorporation to determine t...The primary goal of a phase I clinical trial is to find the maximum tolerable dose of a treatment. In this paper, we propose a new stepwise method based on confidence bound and information incorporation to determine the maximum tolerable dose among given dose levels. On the one hand, in order to avoid severe even fatal toxicity to occur and reduce the experimental subjects, the new method is executed from the lowest dose level, and then goes on in a stepwise fashion. On the other hand, in order to improve the accuracy of the recommendation, the final recommendation of the maximum tolerable dose is accomplished through the information incorporation of an additional experimental cohort at the same dose level. Furthermore, empirical simulation results show that the new method has some real advantages in comparison with the modified continual reassessment method.展开更多
In this paper, an overview of an important feature in statistics field has shown： the stepwise multiple linear regression. Likewise, a link between stepwise multiple linear regression and earthquakes localization has...In this paper, an overview of an important feature in statistics field has shown： the stepwise multiple linear regression. Likewise, a link between stepwise multiple linear regression and earthquakes localization has been descripted. Precisely, the aim of this research is showing how stepwise multiple linear regression contributes to solution of earthquakes localization, describing its conditions of use in HYPO71PC, a software devoted to computation of seismic sources’ collocation. This aim is reached treating a concrete case, that is computation of earthquakes localization happening on Mount Vesuvius, Italy.展开更多
Stepwise multiple B–H bond activation is a major challenge in synthetic chemistry.Herein,we have developed a controlled stepwise method to monitor the process of B–H bond activation based on a meta-carborane.In this...Stepwise multiple B–H bond activation is a major challenge in synthetic chemistry.Herein,we have developed a controlled stepwise method to monitor the process of B–H bond activation based on a meta-carborane.In this process,the metallacyclic 3[Pd_(2)(C_(10)N_(2)H_(8))_(2)(SCNPh)_(4)(m-C_(2)B_(10)H_(10))_(2)]can be achieved through non-covalent bond interactions between the carboranylthioamide ligand and transition metal fragment.Importantly,it slowly converts to product 4[Pd(C_(10)N_(2)H_(8))(SCNPh)(SCNHPh)(m-C_(2)B_(10)H_(9))]via mono B–H bond activation,and then a second B–H activation leads to 5[Pd_(2)(C_(10)N_(2H)_(8))_(2)(SCNPh)_(2)(m-C_(2)B_(10)H_(8))].The obtained organometallic palladium pincer complex shows acid–base responsive behaviour,namely reversible structural transformation between the mononuclear pincer complex and a trimetallic Pd/S metallacycle.This work provides a potential strategy for exploring the mechanisms of B–H bond activation.展开更多
Accurate information for consumer phase connectivity in a low-voltage distribution network(LVDN)is critical for the management of line losses and the quality of customer service.The wide application of smart meters pr...Accurate information for consumer phase connectivity in a low-voltage distribution network(LVDN)is critical for the management of line losses and the quality of customer service.The wide application of smart meters provides the data basis for the phase identification of LVDN.However,the measurement errors,poor communication,and data distortion have significant impacts on the accuracy of phase identification.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposes a phase identification method of LVDN based on stepwise regression(SR)method.First,a multiple linear regression model based on the principle of energy conservation is established for phase identification of LVDN.Second,the SR algorithm is used to identify the consumer phase connectivity.Third,by defining a significance correction factor,the results from the SR algorithm are updated to improve the accuracy of phase identification.Finally,an LVDN test system with 63 consumers is constructed based on the real load.The simulation results prove that the identification accuracy achieved by the proposed method is higher than other phase identification methods under the influence of various errors.展开更多
为优化地下水水质监测方案,确定北京顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水水质的主要控制指标,快速掌握地下水水质变化,基于2022年顺平岩溶水系统49件岩溶水样品,综合运用统计分析、Piper三线图和熵权水质指数(entropy weight water quality index,EWQI...为优化地下水水质监测方案,确定北京顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水水质的主要控制指标,快速掌握地下水水质变化,基于2022年顺平岩溶水系统49件岩溶水样品,综合运用统计分析、Piper三线图和熵权水质指数(entropy weight water quality index,EWQI)分析研究区水化学和水质特征,并耦合逐步多元线性回归分析,探讨能代表研究区岩溶水水质的关键指标。结果显示:①顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水具有微碱性、低盐度的特征,水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)^(-)—Ca^(2+)·Mg^(2+)型(73.47%)。超标指标为N_(an)(NH_(3)或NH_(4)^(+)中的N,即氨氮以氮计)、pH值、Fe、Mn和F^(-),超标率分别为10.20%、4.08%、4.08%、4.08%和2.04%。②研究区EWQI平均值为26.33,水质“极好”,其中极好和良好所占比例分别为91.84%和8.16%。③基于地下水水质数据构建的EWQI_(min)模型筛选的关键指标为N_(an)、Fe、Mn、N_(ntr)(硝氮以氮计,硝酸盐中N)和F^(-),其决定系数(R^(2))和百分比误差(PE)分别为0.986和3.88%。表明,EWQI_(min)模型优选指标可以代表顺平岩溶水系统的水质状况,对优化水质监测网等水资源管理提供了参考价值。展开更多
基金sponsorship of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42430809,42274157,42030103,42404132)the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China)(SKLDOG2024-ZYTS-02)+5 种基金the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZB20240850)the Postdoctoral Project of Qingdao(QDBSH20240102082)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(24CX07004A,24CX06036A)the CNPC Innovation Fund(2024DQ02-0505,2024DQ02-0136)the Innovation fund project for graduate student of China University of Petroleum(East China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(24CX04002A).
文摘Reservoirs with a group of vertical fractures in a vertical transversely isotropic(VTI)background are considered as orthorhombic(ORT)medium.However,fracture detection in ORT medium using seismic inversion methods remains challenging,as it requires the estimation of more than eight parameters.Assuming the reservoir to be a weakly anisotropic ORT medium with small contrasts in the background elastic parameters,a new azimuthal elastic impedance equation was first derived using parameter combinations and mathematical approximations.This equation exhibited almost the same accuracy as the original equation and contained only six model parameters:the compression modulus,anisotropic shear modulus,anisotropic compression modulus,density,normal fracture weakness,and tangential fracture weakness.Subsequently,a stepwise inversion method using second-order derivatives of the elastic impedance was developed to estimate these parameters.Moreover,the Thomsen anisotropy parameter,epsilon,was estimated from the inversion results using the ratio of the anisotropic compression modulus to the compression modulus.Synthetic examples with moderate noise and field data examples confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the inversion method.The proposed method exhibited accuracy similar to that of previous inversion strategies and could predict richer vertical fracture information.Ultimately,the method was applied to a three-dimensional work area,and the predictions were consistent with logging and geological a priori information,confirming the effectiveness of this method.Summarily,the proposed stepwise inversion method can alleviate the uncertainty of multi-parameter inversion in ORT medium,thereby improving the reliability of fracture detection.
文摘The primary goal of a phase I clinical trial is to find the maximum tolerable dose of a treatment. In this paper, we propose a new stepwise method based on confidence bound and information incorporation to determine the maximum tolerable dose among given dose levels. On the one hand, in order to avoid severe even fatal toxicity to occur and reduce the experimental subjects, the new method is executed from the lowest dose level, and then goes on in a stepwise fashion. On the other hand, in order to improve the accuracy of the recommendation, the final recommendation of the maximum tolerable dose is accomplished through the information incorporation of an additional experimental cohort at the same dose level. Furthermore, empirical simulation results show that the new method has some real advantages in comparison with the modified continual reassessment method.
文摘In this paper, an overview of an important feature in statistics field has shown： the stepwise multiple linear regression. Likewise, a link between stepwise multiple linear regression and earthquakes localization has been descripted. Precisely, the aim of this research is showing how stepwise multiple linear regression contributes to solution of earthquakes localization, describing its conditions of use in HYPO71PC, a software devoted to computation of seismic sources’ collocation. This aim is reached treating a concrete case, that is computation of earthquakes localization happening on Mount Vesuvius, Italy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22031003,21720102004)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19DZ2270100).
文摘Stepwise multiple B–H bond activation is a major challenge in synthetic chemistry.Herein,we have developed a controlled stepwise method to monitor the process of B–H bond activation based on a meta-carborane.In this process,the metallacyclic 3[Pd_(2)(C_(10)N_(2)H_(8))_(2)(SCNPh)_(4)(m-C_(2)B_(10)H_(10))_(2)]can be achieved through non-covalent bond interactions between the carboranylthioamide ligand and transition metal fragment.Importantly,it slowly converts to product 4[Pd(C_(10)N_(2)H_(8))(SCNPh)(SCNHPh)(m-C_(2)B_(10)H_(9))]via mono B–H bond activation,and then a second B–H activation leads to 5[Pd_(2)(C_(10)N_(2H)_(8))_(2)(SCNPh)_(2)(m-C_(2)B_(10)H_(8))].The obtained organometallic palladium pincer complex shows acid–base responsive behaviour,namely reversible structural transformation between the mononuclear pincer complex and a trimetallic Pd/S metallacycle.This work provides a potential strategy for exploring the mechanisms of B–H bond activation.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52177085)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(No.202102021208)。
文摘Accurate information for consumer phase connectivity in a low-voltage distribution network(LVDN)is critical for the management of line losses and the quality of customer service.The wide application of smart meters provides the data basis for the phase identification of LVDN.However,the measurement errors,poor communication,and data distortion have significant impacts on the accuracy of phase identification.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposes a phase identification method of LVDN based on stepwise regression(SR)method.First,a multiple linear regression model based on the principle of energy conservation is established for phase identification of LVDN.Second,the SR algorithm is used to identify the consumer phase connectivity.Third,by defining a significance correction factor,the results from the SR algorithm are updated to improve the accuracy of phase identification.Finally,an LVDN test system with 63 consumers is constructed based on the real load.The simulation results prove that the identification accuracy achieved by the proposed method is higher than other phase identification methods under the influence of various errors.
文摘为优化地下水水质监测方案,确定北京顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水水质的主要控制指标,快速掌握地下水水质变化,基于2022年顺平岩溶水系统49件岩溶水样品,综合运用统计分析、Piper三线图和熵权水质指数(entropy weight water quality index,EWQI)分析研究区水化学和水质特征,并耦合逐步多元线性回归分析,探讨能代表研究区岩溶水水质的关键指标。结果显示:①顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水具有微碱性、低盐度的特征,水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)^(-)—Ca^(2+)·Mg^(2+)型(73.47%)。超标指标为N_(an)(NH_(3)或NH_(4)^(+)中的N,即氨氮以氮计)、pH值、Fe、Mn和F^(-),超标率分别为10.20%、4.08%、4.08%、4.08%和2.04%。②研究区EWQI平均值为26.33,水质“极好”,其中极好和良好所占比例分别为91.84%和8.16%。③基于地下水水质数据构建的EWQI_(min)模型筛选的关键指标为N_(an)、Fe、Mn、N_(ntr)(硝氮以氮计,硝酸盐中N)和F^(-),其决定系数(R^(2))和百分比误差(PE)分别为0.986和3.88%。表明,EWQI_(min)模型优选指标可以代表顺平岩溶水系统的水质状况,对优化水质监测网等水资源管理提供了参考价值。
