The chemical oscillating reactions in KMnO4-NH2CH2COOH-H3PO CSTR system in the presence and absence of Ag+ have been studied.The reaction conditions and phase diagrams have been determined. Some effects on the oscilla...The chemical oscillating reactions in KMnO4-NH2CH2COOH-H3PO CSTR system in the presence and absence of Ag+ have been studied.The reaction conditions and phase diagrams have been determined. Some effects on the oscillation have then studied. The stabilization of colloidal particles of MnO2 by PO43-has been investigated. The roles of Ag+ in the above reactions have also been studied.展开更多
A co-precipitation method based on supersaturated recrystallization in a continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR)system was applied to un cover the growth mecha nism of CsPbBr3 perovskite nano crystals(NCs).The reacti on...A co-precipitation method based on supersaturated recrystallization in a continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR)system was applied to un cover the growth mecha nism of CsPbBr3 perovskite nano crystals(NCs).The reacti on rate can be controlled by changi ng the reaction conditions in this CSTR system,which helps us to observe importa nt intermediate stages to gain in sight into the growth mecha nism of these NCs.The effects of the temperature,concentrations of the ligands(oleylamine and oleic acid),and precursor concerttrations during the growth process of CsPbBr3 NCs were discussed in detail.Further,the growth mechanism of CsPbBr3 NCs was investigated in terms of the dynamics and thermodynamics on the basis of experimental results.The growth mechanism is a useful guide to large-scale synthesis.The synthesized CsPbBr3 NCs were employed for fabrication of both white light-emitting diodes and quantum-dot light-emitting diodes to test their photoelectric properties;the results show that CsPbBr3 NCs show great promise for optoelectronics applications.展开更多
For the characteristics of the continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR) with coil and jacket cooling system,a CSTR temperature dual control solution based on the analysis of the CSTR exothermic reaction control character...For the characteristics of the continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR) with coil and jacket cooling system,a CSTR temperature dual control solution based on the analysis of the CSTR exothermic reaction control characteristic was proposed for an organic material polymerization production.The control solution has passive fault-tolerant ability for the jacket cooling water cutting off fault and active fault-tolerant potential for the coil cooling water cutting off fault,and it has good control ability,high saving energy and reducing consumption performance.Fault detection and diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategy are designed for the coil cooling fault to achieve the active fault-tolerant control function.The CSTR temperature dual control,process fault detection and diagnosis and active fault-tolerant control were full integrated into the CSTR temperature fault-tolerant control system,which achieve fault tolerance control of CSTR temperature for any severe malfunction of jacket cooling or coil cooling cutting off,and the security for CSTR exothermic reaction is improved.Finally,the effectiveness of this system was validated by semi-physical simulation experiment.展开更多
随着化工行业朝着智能化方向发展,化工反应系统频繁遭受网络攻击,产生了严重的后果。现有工控安全仿真研究大多单独在网络领域进行,缺少针对化工反应系统的工控安全仿真技术。因此,针对该问题,以化工反应系统中常见的连续搅拌式反应釜(c...随着化工行业朝着智能化方向发展,化工反应系统频繁遭受网络攻击,产生了严重的后果。现有工控安全仿真研究大多单独在网络领域进行,缺少针对化工反应系统的工控安全仿真技术。因此,针对该问题,以化工反应系统中常见的连续搅拌式反应釜(continuous stirred tank reactor,CSTR)为研究对象,提出一种针对CSTR的工控安全虚实融合仿真技术。首先建立CSTR控制系统模型,提出了基于攻击类型分析、攻击仿真方法、响应分析方法与攻击监测和控制方法的工控安全虚实融合仿真技术框架,利用CSTR工控安全仿真平台,实现了针对CSTR系统的攻击模拟和响应分析,并验证了提出的针对网络攻击的监测和控制方法,为推动网络安全在化工领域内的研究提供了借鉴。展开更多
厌氧消化1号模型(Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1,ADM1)量化表达了厌氧发酵过程中各类物质的转化过程,在研究和咨询领域获得了广泛的发展和应用,但ADM1并没有过多考虑物理化学过程,这些物化过程虽然并不直接经由微生物发生,但它们却可...厌氧消化1号模型(Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1,ADM1)量化表达了厌氧发酵过程中各类物质的转化过程,在研究和咨询领域获得了广泛的发展和应用,但ADM1并没有过多考虑物理化学过程,这些物化过程虽然并不直接经由微生物发生,但它们却可以影响生化过程。通过建立ADM1气液转换模型,并基于生物甲烷潜力(BMP)测试建立液相气体浓度变化映射函数,将多元隐性模型转化为k_(L)a的显性模型,基于对k_(L)a参数的实时测算,对序批式投料的CSTR反应器搅拌装置设置变频激励机制,提高气液转换效率,促进沼气的快速逸出。经撬装CSTR中试设备连续实验测试,该智能控制模型相比传统运行方式容积产气率提升15.5%,对提升规模化沼气工程的生产效率具有显著的指导和应用价值。基于边云协同的智能控制为规模化生物燃气项目的智慧管控提供了全新的技术范式。展开更多
Complex periodic oscillations which are associated with Farey sequences and sustained aperiodic oscillations (maybe chemical chaos) have been first observed in Hydrogen Peroalde-Potassium Thiocyanate-Cupric Sulfate Sy...Complex periodic oscillations which are associated with Farey sequences and sustained aperiodic oscillations (maybe chemical chaos) have been first observed in Hydrogen Peroalde-Potassium Thiocyanate-Cupric Sulfate System in a CSTR. When pH is high (generally at pH>9), oscillations in pH and Pt potential in solution are synchronous,and pH increases as Pt potential in solution increases; when pH is low (gernerally pH<9),oscillations in pH and Pt potential are antiphase. Birthymicity of two oscillations appears at a same condition. A simple explanation is discussed.展开更多
针对非线性CSTR(continuously stirred tank reactor)过程,提出一种新的预测控制的设计与仿真实现。在对一类特殊非线性过程分析的基础上,从系统的输入输出数据出发,基于子空间辨识算法建立双线性系统模型来近似描述被控系统;设计新的...针对非线性CSTR(continuously stirred tank reactor)过程,提出一种新的预测控制的设计与仿真实现。在对一类特殊非线性过程分析的基础上,从系统的输入输出数据出发,基于子空间辨识算法建立双线性系统模型来近似描述被控系统;设计新的预测控制算法实现对CSTR过程的跟踪控制;为补偿模型失配以消除控制中的稳态误差,将积分作用包含在预测控制器的设计中,实现对控制输出的良好跟踪性能;最后通过一个仿真实例验证算法的有效性。展开更多
在中温(35℃)条件下,应用改进的CSTR反应器对新鲜水葫芦汁进行厌氧发酵试验,采取逐步提高有机负荷的运行方式,将有机负荷由0.5 kg COD.m-3.d-1逐步提高到5.0 kg COD.m-3.d-1,HRT(水力滞留时间)也由起始的5 d逐步缩短至2.5 d,系统运行40...在中温(35℃)条件下,应用改进的CSTR反应器对新鲜水葫芦汁进行厌氧发酵试验,采取逐步提高有机负荷的运行方式,将有机负荷由0.5 kg COD.m-3.d-1逐步提高到5.0 kg COD.m-3.d-1,HRT(水力滞留时间)也由起始的5 d逐步缩短至2.5 d,系统运行40 d,结果表明:系统启动迅速,运行至第30 d,反应器容积负荷达到5 kg COD.m-3.d-1,此后在HRT为2.5 d条件下,稳定运行10 d,其COD的去除率在75%以上,容积产气率可达1.1 m3.m-3.d-1,甲烷含量>65%。展开更多
为提高传统微生物燃料电池(MFC)在低温条件下的效率,实现实验装置放大化.本实验将连续搅拌反应系统(CSTR)与双极室微生物燃料电池系统相结合,连续流处理糖蜜废水,并间接回收金属单质,处理模拟电镀废水,考察系统的产电性能和废水处理效果...为提高传统微生物燃料电池(MFC)在低温条件下的效率,实现实验装置放大化.本实验将连续搅拌反应系统(CSTR)与双极室微生物燃料电池系统相结合,连续流处理糖蜜废水,并间接回收金属单质,处理模拟电镀废水,考察系统的产电性能和废水处理效果.结果表明,当系统稳定运行后,最高电压及功率密度分别可达到340 m V和58.65 m W·m-2.20 d后,系统COD去除率明显增加,最高COD去除率可达到81%.实验运行10 d后,银离子开始析出,最高去除率可达到90%左右.展开更多
CMAC(Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller或Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Computer)神经元网络是由Albus提出的一种表达复杂非线性函数的表格查询的自适应系统。本文将CMAC应用到具体的连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR)系统的学习控制研究中...CMAC(Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller或Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Computer)神经元网络是由Albus提出的一种表达复杂非线性函数的表格查询的自适应系统。本文将CMAC应用到具体的连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR)系统的学习控制研究中,仿真结果表明,该学习控制策略具有较强的自学习能力且容易实现,对于改善非线性控制的性能,不失为一种有益的尝试。展开更多
针对以往递归神经网络(RNN)训练算法难,连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR)的强非线性等问题,将回声状态网络(echo state network,ESN)方法应用于模型不确定的CSTR系统辨识中.ESN具有较强的非线性逼近能力和良好的短期记忆能力,且只需要训练网络输出...针对以往递归神经网络(RNN)训练算法难,连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR)的强非线性等问题,将回声状态网络(echo state network,ESN)方法应用于模型不确定的CSTR系统辨识中.ESN具有较强的非线性逼近能力和良好的短期记忆能力,且只需要训练网络输出权值,简化了网络训练算法.仿真结果表明,在相同条件下,与带动量的BP(back propagation)神经网络、BP-MLP(back propagation multilayer perceptron)神经网络、最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)、模糊神经网络(FNN)、GAP-RBF神经网络、MGAP-RBF神经网络相比,ESN能给出相当好的性能,表现出较高的辨识精度,ESN比带动量的BP、BP-MLP、LS-SVM神经网络的逼近精度提高了4个数量级,表明了该方法的有效性.展开更多
文摘The chemical oscillating reactions in KMnO4-NH2CH2COOH-H3PO CSTR system in the presence and absence of Ag+ have been studied.The reaction conditions and phase diagrams have been determined. Some effects on the oscillation have then studied. The stabilization of colloidal particles of MnO2 by PO43-has been investigated. The roles of Ag+ in the above reactions have also been studied.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21574049 and 61564003).
文摘A co-precipitation method based on supersaturated recrystallization in a continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR)system was applied to un cover the growth mecha nism of CsPbBr3 perovskite nano crystals(NCs).The reacti on rate can be controlled by changi ng the reaction conditions in this CSTR system,which helps us to observe importa nt intermediate stages to gain in sight into the growth mecha nism of these NCs.The effects of the temperature,concentrations of the ligands(oleylamine and oleic acid),and precursor concerttrations during the growth process of CsPbBr3 NCs were discussed in detail.Further,the growth mechanism of CsPbBr3 NCs was investigated in terms of the dynamics and thermodynamics on the basis of experimental results.The growth mechanism is a useful guide to large-scale synthesis.The synthesized CsPbBr3 NCs were employed for fabrication of both white light-emitting diodes and quantum-dot light-emitting diodes to test their photoelectric properties;the results show that CsPbBr3 NCs show great promise for optoelectronics applications.
基金Project(2013JM8024)Supported by Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China
文摘For the characteristics of the continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR) with coil and jacket cooling system,a CSTR temperature dual control solution based on the analysis of the CSTR exothermic reaction control characteristic was proposed for an organic material polymerization production.The control solution has passive fault-tolerant ability for the jacket cooling water cutting off fault and active fault-tolerant potential for the coil cooling water cutting off fault,and it has good control ability,high saving energy and reducing consumption performance.Fault detection and diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategy are designed for the coil cooling fault to achieve the active fault-tolerant control function.The CSTR temperature dual control,process fault detection and diagnosis and active fault-tolerant control were full integrated into the CSTR temperature fault-tolerant control system,which achieve fault tolerance control of CSTR temperature for any severe malfunction of jacket cooling or coil cooling cutting off,and the security for CSTR exothermic reaction is improved.Finally,the effectiveness of this system was validated by semi-physical simulation experiment.
文摘随着化工行业朝着智能化方向发展,化工反应系统频繁遭受网络攻击,产生了严重的后果。现有工控安全仿真研究大多单独在网络领域进行,缺少针对化工反应系统的工控安全仿真技术。因此,针对该问题,以化工反应系统中常见的连续搅拌式反应釜(continuous stirred tank reactor,CSTR)为研究对象,提出一种针对CSTR的工控安全虚实融合仿真技术。首先建立CSTR控制系统模型,提出了基于攻击类型分析、攻击仿真方法、响应分析方法与攻击监测和控制方法的工控安全虚实融合仿真技术框架,利用CSTR工控安全仿真平台,实现了针对CSTR系统的攻击模拟和响应分析,并验证了提出的针对网络攻击的监测和控制方法,为推动网络安全在化工领域内的研究提供了借鉴。
文摘厌氧消化1号模型(Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1,ADM1)量化表达了厌氧发酵过程中各类物质的转化过程,在研究和咨询领域获得了广泛的发展和应用,但ADM1并没有过多考虑物理化学过程,这些物化过程虽然并不直接经由微生物发生,但它们却可以影响生化过程。通过建立ADM1气液转换模型,并基于生物甲烷潜力(BMP)测试建立液相气体浓度变化映射函数,将多元隐性模型转化为k_(L)a的显性模型,基于对k_(L)a参数的实时测算,对序批式投料的CSTR反应器搅拌装置设置变频激励机制,提高气液转换效率,促进沼气的快速逸出。经撬装CSTR中试设备连续实验测试,该智能控制模型相比传统运行方式容积产气率提升15.5%,对提升规模化沼气工程的生产效率具有显著的指导和应用价值。基于边云协同的智能控制为规模化生物燃气项目的智慧管控提供了全新的技术范式。
文摘Complex periodic oscillations which are associated with Farey sequences and sustained aperiodic oscillations (maybe chemical chaos) have been first observed in Hydrogen Peroalde-Potassium Thiocyanate-Cupric Sulfate System in a CSTR. When pH is high (generally at pH>9), oscillations in pH and Pt potential in solution are synchronous,and pH increases as Pt potential in solution increases; when pH is low (gernerally pH<9),oscillations in pH and Pt potential are antiphase. Birthymicity of two oscillations appears at a same condition. A simple explanation is discussed.
文摘针对非线性CSTR(continuously stirred tank reactor)过程,提出一种新的预测控制的设计与仿真实现。在对一类特殊非线性过程分析的基础上,从系统的输入输出数据出发,基于子空间辨识算法建立双线性系统模型来近似描述被控系统;设计新的预测控制算法实现对CSTR过程的跟踪控制;为补偿模型失配以消除控制中的稳态误差,将积分作用包含在预测控制器的设计中,实现对控制输出的良好跟踪性能;最后通过一个仿真实例验证算法的有效性。
文摘在中温(35℃)条件下,应用改进的CSTR反应器对新鲜水葫芦汁进行厌氧发酵试验,采取逐步提高有机负荷的运行方式,将有机负荷由0.5 kg COD.m-3.d-1逐步提高到5.0 kg COD.m-3.d-1,HRT(水力滞留时间)也由起始的5 d逐步缩短至2.5 d,系统运行40 d,结果表明:系统启动迅速,运行至第30 d,反应器容积负荷达到5 kg COD.m-3.d-1,此后在HRT为2.5 d条件下,稳定运行10 d,其COD的去除率在75%以上,容积产气率可达1.1 m3.m-3.d-1,甲烷含量>65%。
文摘为提高传统微生物燃料电池(MFC)在低温条件下的效率,实现实验装置放大化.本实验将连续搅拌反应系统(CSTR)与双极室微生物燃料电池系统相结合,连续流处理糖蜜废水,并间接回收金属单质,处理模拟电镀废水,考察系统的产电性能和废水处理效果.结果表明,当系统稳定运行后,最高电压及功率密度分别可达到340 m V和58.65 m W·m-2.20 d后,系统COD去除率明显增加,最高COD去除率可达到81%.实验运行10 d后,银离子开始析出,最高去除率可达到90%左右.
文摘CMAC(Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller或Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Computer)神经元网络是由Albus提出的一种表达复杂非线性函数的表格查询的自适应系统。本文将CMAC应用到具体的连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR)系统的学习控制研究中,仿真结果表明,该学习控制策略具有较强的自学习能力且容易实现,对于改善非线性控制的性能,不失为一种有益的尝试。
