[Objectives]To investigate the effects of different planting densities and nitrogen application rates on the yield and quality of the tobacco cultivar Chuxue 80.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted in Hubei Provi...[Objectives]To investigate the effects of different planting densities and nitrogen application rates on the yield and quality of the tobacco cultivar Chuxue 80.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted in Hubei Province,evaluating various combinations of planting density and nitrogen rate for Chuxue 80.[Results]At the maturity stage,the TN1 treatment(5 kg N per 667 m^(2) with a density of 1900 plants per 667 m^(2))demonstrated the most favorable agronomic performance.The TN9 treatment(11 kg N per 667 m^(2) with a density of 1110 plants per 667 m^(2))achieved the highest wrapper tobacco yield and output value.Meanwhile,the TN5 treatment(8 kg N per 667 m^(2) with a density of 1515 plants per 667 m^(2))resulted in the best smoking quality.[Conclusions]The TN9 treatment,with a planting density of 1110 plants per 667 m^(2) and a nitrogen application rate of 11 kg per 667 m^(2),is recommended as the optimal cultivation practice for Chuxue 80 in Hubei Province.展开更多
Biomass is a resourcewhose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric carbon dioxide.It has numerous characteristics such as low carbon emissions,renewability,and environmental friendliness.The efficient utilization of...Biomass is a resourcewhose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric carbon dioxide.It has numerous characteristics such as low carbon emissions,renewability,and environmental friendliness.The efficient utilization of biomass plays a significant role in promoting the development of clean energy,alleviating environmental pressures,and achieving carbon neutrality goals.Among the numerous processing technologies of biomass,hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a promising thermochemical process that can decompose and convert biomass into hydrochar under relatively mild conditions of approximately 180℃–300℃,thereby enabling its efficient resource utilization.In addition,HTC can directly process feedstocks with high moisture content without the need for high-temperature drying,resulting in lower energy consumption.Based on a systematic analysis of the critical articles mainly published in 2011-2025 related to biomass,HTC,and hydrochar applications,in this review,the category of biomass was first classified and the chemical compositions were summarized.Then,the main chemical reaction pathways involved in biomass decomposition and transformation during the HTC process were introduced.Meanwhile,the roles of key process parameters,including reaction temperature,residence time,pH,feedstock type,pressure,mass ratio of biomass to water,and the use of catalysts on HTC,were carefully discussed.Finally,the applications of hydrochar in energy utilization,environmental remediation,soil improvement,adsorbent,microbial fermentation,and phosphorus recovery fields were highlighted.The future directions of the HTC process were also provided,which would respond to climate change by promoting the development of the sustainable carbon materials field.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinic...This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are driven by intricate and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms,presenting substantial challenges for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.Recent studies have highl...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are driven by intricate and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms,presenting substantial challenges for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of various traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),which exert vasodilatory,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects that may alleviate clinical symptoms and slow CVD progression.Ziziphora clinopodioides,a traditional herbal medicine,contains primarily flavonoids,phenolic acids,and essential oils.These compounds contribute to its pharmacological activities,including inhibition of apoptosis inhibition,inflammation reduction,oxidative stress mitigation,mitochondrial function improvement,and vasodilation promotion,all of which are relevant to CVD treatment.This review comprehensively examines the pathophysiological basis of CVDs,elucidates the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the cardioprotective actions of Ziziphora clinopodioides,and summarizes its emerging clinical applications in cardiovascular therapy.The findings aim to inform future research and promote the rational development of this medicinal plant as a complementary or adjunctive treatment for CVDs.展开更多
Flash Joule heating(FJH),as a high-efficiency and low-energy consumption technology for advanced materials synthesis,has shown significant potential in the synthesis of graphene and other functional carbon materials.B...Flash Joule heating(FJH),as a high-efficiency and low-energy consumption technology for advanced materials synthesis,has shown significant potential in the synthesis of graphene and other functional carbon materials.Based on the Joule effect,the solid carbon sources can be rapidly heated to ultra-high temperatures(>3000 K)through instantaneous high-energy current pulses during FJH,thus driving the rapid rearrangement and graphitization of carbon atoms.This technology demonstrates numerous advantages,such as solvent-and catalyst-free features,high energy conversion efficiency,and a short process cycle.In this review,we have systematically summarized the technology principle and equipment design for FJH,as well as its raw materials selection and pretreatment strategies.The research progress in the FJH synthesis of flash graphene,carbon nanotubes,graphene fibers,and anode hard carbon,as well as its by-products,is also presented.FJH can precisely optimize the microstructures of carbon materials(e.g.,interlayer spacing of turbostratic graphene,defect concentration,and heteroatom doping)by regulating its operation parameters like flash voltage and flash time,thereby enhancing their performances in various applications,such as composite reinforcement,metal-ion battery electrodes,supercapacitors,and electrocatalysts.However,this technology is still challenged by low process yield,macroscopic material uniformity,and green power supply system construction.More research efforts are also required to promote the transition of FJH from laboratory to industrial-scale applications,thus providing innovative solutions for advanced carbon materials manufacturing and waste management toward carbon neutrality.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR sc...Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR screening due to a shortage of ophthalmologists.This study reports the implementation and outcomes of the Chinese local standard DB52/T 1726-2023,Regulations for the application of diabetic retinopathy screening artificial intelligence,in Cambodian healthcare institutions.A pilot DR screening program with independent operational capability is established by providing a non-mydriatic fundus camera and deploying a localized diabetic retinopathy artificial intelligence(DR-AI)screening platform at the Cambodia-Kingdom Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh,along with comprehensive training.From January to August 2025,a total of 565 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened,yielding a DR detection rate of 26.0%(147 cases).Research findings demonstrate that applying mature Chinese DR-AI screening standards and technological solutions through international collaboration in regions with a scarcity of ophthalmic professionals is both feasible and effective.This project serves as a reference for promoting DR-AI in resource-constrained countries and regions,highlighting its significant potential to leverage AI in addressing the global burden of chronic diseases and advancing the modernization of health systems.展开更多
The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This rev...The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.展开更多
As Internet of Things(IoT)applications expand,Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)has emerged as a promising architecture to overcome the real-time processing limitations of mobile devices.Edge-side computation offloading plays...As Internet of Things(IoT)applications expand,Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)has emerged as a promising architecture to overcome the real-time processing limitations of mobile devices.Edge-side computation offloading plays a pivotal role in MEC performance but remains challenging due to complex task topologies,conflicting objectives,and limited resources.This paper addresses high-dimensional multi-objective offloading for serial heterogeneous tasks in MEC.We jointly consider task heterogeneity,high-dimensional objectives,and flexible resource scheduling,modeling the problem as a Many-objective optimization.To solve it,we propose a flexible framework integrating an improved cooperative co-evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition(MOCC/D)and a flexible scheduling strategy.Experimental results on benchmark functions and simulation scenarios show that the proposed method outperforms existing approaches in both convergence and solution quality.展开更多
Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.You...Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.展开更多
Particle-and droplet-laden flows are central to many problems in mechanics and transport.They occur in sedimentladen boundary layers,gas-solid and gas-liquid dispersions,and surface-water films driven by external forc...Particle-and droplet-laden flows are central to many problems in mechanics and transport.They occur in sedimentladen boundary layers,gas-solid and gas-liquid dispersions,and surface-water films driven by external forcing.They also underpin practical applications ranging from environmental transport to high-speed and aerothermal systems.Despite decades of progress,prediction remains difficult.The physics spans a wide range of scales and often couples turbulence,interphase momentum exchange,collisions,and interfacial transport.Reliable computation therefore requires both robust numerical methodology and careful physical interpretation.展开更多
The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multi...The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myasthenia gravis,Guillain–Barre syndrome,acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,diabetes,inflammatory skin diseases,joint inflammation,and cancer.Although the function of the interleukin-17 family has attracted increasing research attention over many years,the expression,function,and regulation mechanisms of different interleukin-17 members are complicated and still only partially understood.Currently,the interleukin-17A pathway is considered a critical therapeutic target for numerous immune and chronic inflammatory diseases,with several monoclonal antibodies against interleukin-17A having been successfully used in clinical practice.Whether other interleukin-17 members have the potential to be targeted in other diseases is still debated.This review first summarizes the recent advancements in understanding the physicochemical properties,physiological functions,cellular origins,and downstream signaling pathways of different members and corresponding receptors of the interleukin-17 family.Subsequently,the function of interleukin-17 in various immune diseases is discussed,and the important role of interleukin-17 in the pathological process of immune diseases is demonstrated from multiple perspectives.Then,the current status of targeted interleukin-17 therapy is summarized,and the effectiveness and safety of targeted interleukin-17 therapy are analyzed.Finally,the clinical application prospects of targeting the interleukin-17 pathway are discussed.展开更多
The stochastic extended finite-fault simulation method(EXSIM)is a widely used tool in seismological research,with applications in ground motion prediction and simulation,seismic hazard analysis,and engineering studies...The stochastic extended finite-fault simulation method(EXSIM)is a widely used tool in seismological research,with applications in ground motion prediction and simulation,seismic hazard analysis,and engineering studies.However,recent studies have revealed a significant limitation:EXSIM tends to overpredict ground motions in the low-to-intermediate frequency range,particularly for large thrust earthquakes that are often characterized by a double-corner-frequency source model.To address this issue and enhance simulation accuracy,this study introduces two key improvements:(1)a novel asperity-distributed stress-drop composite fault model and(2)a hybrid application of EXSIM with the composite fault model.The proposed method is validated through its application to the 2013 M_(w)6.7 Lushan earthquake that occurred in China and six thrust earthquakes with an M_(w)≥6.5 in Japan.By comparing the simulated ground motions with recorded data,the results demonstrate that the improved method achieves consistent accuracy across the high-and low-frequency spectrum(combined goodness-of-fit:CGOF<0.35).This study significantly broadens the applicability of stochastic finite-fault simulations,enabling more reliable predictions for a wider range of seismic scenarios,including complex thrust faulting events.展开更多
Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistan...Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistance to salt stress.In this study,we used corn steep liquor(CSL),myo-inositol(MI),and their combination to improve salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis)under salt stress conditions.All three treatments significantly increased plant biomass and nutrient uptake,and improved soil physicochemical properties,while alleviating oxidative damage and ion toxicity.展开更多
α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organi...α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organic compounds with diverse structures.Herein,the advances in the research areas ofα-trifluoromethyl ketone synthesis and their defluorination reactions are reviewed.Discussion on the mechanisms of the typical reactions has also been provided,in hope of affording some guides to the chemistry ofα-trifluoromethyl ketones in the synthetic methods toward themselves and their derivatives.展开更多
Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BC...Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.展开更多
Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIB...Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.展开更多
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)is a kind of physical therapy that use electric cur-rent through the electrodes placed on the surface of acupoints to produce clinical effects in the human body,whic...Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)is a kind of physical therapy that use electric cur-rent through the electrodes placed on the surface of acupoints to produce clinical effects in the human body,which is characterized by less adverse reaction and convenient operation.It has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases.This review introduces six major clinical applications of TEAS,named analgesia,regulation of gastrointestinal function,improvement of reproductive function,enhancement of cognitive function,promotion of limb function recovery and relief of fatigue.Besides,TEAS has been ap-plied to the treatment of other chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes,achieving satisfactory clinical effects.However,two crucial challenges are encountered in the development of TEAS.One is the lack of standardization in the selection of parameters such as waveform,frequency,intensity and stimula-tion duration.The other is the limitation on the flexibility in the acupoint selection.This review analyzes key issues that need to be addressed in the current clinical application of TEAS,such as the selection of parameters and acupoints,and this review provides a certain reference value for optimizing regimens of TEAS and promoting its development and application.展开更多
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as fre...Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as freestanding anodes,conductive additives,and current collectors,are discussed.Challenges,strategies,and progress are analyzed by selecting typical examples.Particularly,when CNTs are used with relatively large mass fractions,the relevant interfacial electrochemistry in such a CNT-based electrode,which dictates the quality of the resulting solid-electrolyte interface,becomes a concern.Hence,in this review the different lithium-ion adsorption and insertion mechanisms inside and outside of CNTs are compared;the influence of not only CNT structural features(including their length,defect density,diameter,and wall thickness)but also the electrolyte composition on the solid-electrolyte interfacial reactions is analyzed in detail.Strategies to optimize the solid-solid interface between CNTs and the other solid components in various composite electrodes are also covered.By emphasizing the importance of such a structure-performance relationship,the merits and weaknesses of various applications of CNTs in various advanced LIBs are clarified.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.(2023330000340093).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the effects of different planting densities and nitrogen application rates on the yield and quality of the tobacco cultivar Chuxue 80.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted in Hubei Province,evaluating various combinations of planting density and nitrogen rate for Chuxue 80.[Results]At the maturity stage,the TN1 treatment(5 kg N per 667 m^(2) with a density of 1900 plants per 667 m^(2))demonstrated the most favorable agronomic performance.The TN9 treatment(11 kg N per 667 m^(2) with a density of 1110 plants per 667 m^(2))achieved the highest wrapper tobacco yield and output value.Meanwhile,the TN5 treatment(8 kg N per 667 m^(2) with a density of 1515 plants per 667 m^(2))resulted in the best smoking quality.[Conclusions]The TN9 treatment,with a planting density of 1110 plants per 667 m^(2) and a nitrogen application rate of 11 kg per 667 m^(2),is recommended as the optimal cultivation practice for Chuxue 80 in Hubei Province.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22578155,22478147)the Natural Science Foundation of Huaian City(HAB2024051).
文摘Biomass is a resourcewhose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric carbon dioxide.It has numerous characteristics such as low carbon emissions,renewability,and environmental friendliness.The efficient utilization of biomass plays a significant role in promoting the development of clean energy,alleviating environmental pressures,and achieving carbon neutrality goals.Among the numerous processing technologies of biomass,hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a promising thermochemical process that can decompose and convert biomass into hydrochar under relatively mild conditions of approximately 180℃–300℃,thereby enabling its efficient resource utilization.In addition,HTC can directly process feedstocks with high moisture content without the need for high-temperature drying,resulting in lower energy consumption.Based on a systematic analysis of the critical articles mainly published in 2011-2025 related to biomass,HTC,and hydrochar applications,in this review,the category of biomass was first classified and the chemical compositions were summarized.Then,the main chemical reaction pathways involved in biomass decomposition and transformation during the HTC process were introduced.Meanwhile,the roles of key process parameters,including reaction temperature,residence time,pH,feedstock type,pressure,mass ratio of biomass to water,and the use of catalysts on HTC,were carefully discussed.Finally,the applications of hydrochar in energy utilization,environmental remediation,soil improvement,adsorbent,microbial fermentation,and phosphorus recovery fields were highlighted.The future directions of the HTC process were also provided,which would respond to climate change by promoting the development of the sustainable carbon materials field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
文摘Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82374346)Double Hundred Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Medical and Health Talents of Wuxi City(BJ2023071)Scientific Research Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission(Q202358).
文摘This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.
基金supported by Zhejiang Province Health High-level Talent Training Project(No.WJW2022007)2024 National Health Commission Scientific Research Fund Zhejiang Province Health Key Science and Technology Plan Project(No.WKJ-ZJ-2422)+2 种基金The Leading Talent Project for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Xinjiang-Integrated Innovation and Demonstration Research on Kazakh Medicines from the Perspective of the“Belt and Road Initiative”(No.2024TSYCLJ0012)the Based on Neuroinflammation-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Damage,to Explore the Effect of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.on PSCI Intervention(No.2026ZL0496)Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education General Scientific Research Project(No.Y202559835).
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are driven by intricate and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms,presenting substantial challenges for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of various traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),which exert vasodilatory,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects that may alleviate clinical symptoms and slow CVD progression.Ziziphora clinopodioides,a traditional herbal medicine,contains primarily flavonoids,phenolic acids,and essential oils.These compounds contribute to its pharmacological activities,including inhibition of apoptosis inhibition,inflammation reduction,oxidative stress mitigation,mitochondrial function improvement,and vasodilation promotion,all of which are relevant to CVD treatment.This review comprehensively examines the pathophysiological basis of CVDs,elucidates the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the cardioprotective actions of Ziziphora clinopodioides,and summarizes its emerging clinical applications in cardiovascular therapy.The findings aim to inform future research and promote the rational development of this medicinal plant as a complementary or adjunctive treatment for CVDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52276196)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion(FSKLCCA2508)the High-level Talent Foundation of Anhui Agricultural University(rc412307).
文摘Flash Joule heating(FJH),as a high-efficiency and low-energy consumption technology for advanced materials synthesis,has shown significant potential in the synthesis of graphene and other functional carbon materials.Based on the Joule effect,the solid carbon sources can be rapidly heated to ultra-high temperatures(>3000 K)through instantaneous high-energy current pulses during FJH,thus driving the rapid rearrangement and graphitization of carbon atoms.This technology demonstrates numerous advantages,such as solvent-and catalyst-free features,high energy conversion efficiency,and a short process cycle.In this review,we have systematically summarized the technology principle and equipment design for FJH,as well as its raw materials selection and pretreatment strategies.The research progress in the FJH synthesis of flash graphene,carbon nanotubes,graphene fibers,and anode hard carbon,as well as its by-products,is also presented.FJH can precisely optimize the microstructures of carbon materials(e.g.,interlayer spacing of turbostratic graphene,defect concentration,and heteroatom doping)by regulating its operation parameters like flash voltage and flash time,thereby enhancing their performances in various applications,such as composite reinforcement,metal-ion battery electrodes,supercapacitors,and electrocatalysts.However,this technology is still challenged by low process yield,macroscopic material uniformity,and green power supply system construction.More research efforts are also required to promote the transition of FJH from laboratory to industrial-scale applications,thus providing innovative solutions for advanced carbon materials manufacturing and waste management toward carbon neutrality.
基金funded by the Chronic Disease Management Research Project of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center 2025(GWJJMB202510024146)the Post-Subsidy Project for Standard Development of Guizhou Provincial Market Supervision and Administration Bureau 2025(DB52/T1726-2023)the Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund Project(gzwkj2024-076,gzwkj2026-146).
文摘Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR screening due to a shortage of ophthalmologists.This study reports the implementation and outcomes of the Chinese local standard DB52/T 1726-2023,Regulations for the application of diabetic retinopathy screening artificial intelligence,in Cambodian healthcare institutions.A pilot DR screening program with independent operational capability is established by providing a non-mydriatic fundus camera and deploying a localized diabetic retinopathy artificial intelligence(DR-AI)screening platform at the Cambodia-Kingdom Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh,along with comprehensive training.From January to August 2025,a total of 565 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened,yielding a DR detection rate of 26.0%(147 cases).Research findings demonstrate that applying mature Chinese DR-AI screening standards and technological solutions through international collaboration in regions with a scarcity of ophthalmic professionals is both feasible and effective.This project serves as a reference for promoting DR-AI in resource-constrained countries and regions,highlighting its significant potential to leverage AI in addressing the global burden of chronic diseases and advancing the modernization of health systems.
文摘The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.
基金supported by Youth Talent Project of Scientific Research Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Education under Grant Q20241809Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Hubei University of Automotive Technology under Grant 202404.
文摘As Internet of Things(IoT)applications expand,Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)has emerged as a promising architecture to overcome the real-time processing limitations of mobile devices.Edge-side computation offloading plays a pivotal role in MEC performance but remains challenging due to complex task topologies,conflicting objectives,and limited resources.This paper addresses high-dimensional multi-objective offloading for serial heterogeneous tasks in MEC.We jointly consider task heterogeneity,high-dimensional objectives,and flexible resource scheduling,modeling the problem as a Many-objective optimization.To solve it,we propose a flexible framework integrating an improved cooperative co-evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition(MOCC/D)and a flexible scheduling strategy.Experimental results on benchmark functions and simulation scenarios show that the proposed method outperforms existing approaches in both convergence and solution quality.
文摘Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.
文摘Particle-and droplet-laden flows are central to many problems in mechanics and transport.They occur in sedimentladen boundary layers,gas-solid and gas-liquid dispersions,and surface-water films driven by external forcing.They also underpin practical applications ranging from environmental transport to high-speed and aerothermal systems.Despite decades of progress,prediction remains difficult.The physics spans a wide range of scales and often couples turbulence,interphase momentum exchange,collisions,and interfacial transport.Reliable computation therefore requires both robust numerical methodology and careful physical interpretation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundational of China(Key Program),No.U24A20692(to CJZ)the National Natural Science Foundational of China,Nos.82101414(to MLJ),82371355(to CJZ)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundational of China for Excellent Young Scholars,No.82022019(to CJZ)Sichuan Special Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,No.24NSFJQ0052(to CJZ)The Innovation and Entrepreneurial Team of Sichuan Tianfu Emei Program,No.CZ2024018(to CJZ)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital,No.30420230005(to CJZ)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,No.A1098531023601381(to CJZ)。
文摘The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myasthenia gravis,Guillain–Barre syndrome,acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,diabetes,inflammatory skin diseases,joint inflammation,and cancer.Although the function of the interleukin-17 family has attracted increasing research attention over many years,the expression,function,and regulation mechanisms of different interleukin-17 members are complicated and still only partially understood.Currently,the interleukin-17A pathway is considered a critical therapeutic target for numerous immune and chronic inflammatory diseases,with several monoclonal antibodies against interleukin-17A having been successfully used in clinical practice.Whether other interleukin-17 members have the potential to be targeted in other diseases is still debated.This review first summarizes the recent advancements in understanding the physicochemical properties,physiological functions,cellular origins,and downstream signaling pathways of different members and corresponding receptors of the interleukin-17 family.Subsequently,the function of interleukin-17 in various immune diseases is discussed,and the important role of interleukin-17 in the pathological process of immune diseases is demonstrated from multiple perspectives.Then,the current status of targeted interleukin-17 therapy is summarized,and the effectiveness and safety of targeted interleukin-17 therapy are analyzed.Finally,the clinical application prospects of targeting the interleukin-17 pathway are discussed.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2022YFC3003601National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52478570+1 种基金Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation Outstanding Youth Program under Grant No.J020245002the Key Research and Development Program of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps under Grant No.2024AB077。
文摘The stochastic extended finite-fault simulation method(EXSIM)is a widely used tool in seismological research,with applications in ground motion prediction and simulation,seismic hazard analysis,and engineering studies.However,recent studies have revealed a significant limitation:EXSIM tends to overpredict ground motions in the low-to-intermediate frequency range,particularly for large thrust earthquakes that are often characterized by a double-corner-frequency source model.To address this issue and enhance simulation accuracy,this study introduces two key improvements:(1)a novel asperity-distributed stress-drop composite fault model and(2)a hybrid application of EXSIM with the composite fault model.The proposed method is validated through its application to the 2013 M_(w)6.7 Lushan earthquake that occurred in China and six thrust earthquakes with an M_(w)≥6.5 in Japan.By comparing the simulated ground motions with recorded data,the results demonstrate that the improved method achieves consistent accuracy across the high-and low-frequency spectrum(combined goodness-of-fit:CGOF<0.35).This study significantly broadens the applicability of stochastic finite-fault simulations,enabling more reliable predictions for a wider range of seismic scenarios,including complex thrust faulting events.
基金supported by the sub-project“Research and Application of In-Situ Value-Added Water-Soluble Fertilizer Application Technology”(Grant No.2023YFD1700204-3)under the 14th Five-Year National Key R&D Program Project“Development and Industrialization of Novel Green Value-Added Fertilizers”.
文摘Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistance to salt stress.In this study,we used corn steep liquor(CSL),myo-inositol(MI),and their combination to improve salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis)under salt stress conditions.All three treatments significantly increased plant biomass and nutrient uptake,and improved soil physicochemical properties,while alleviating oxidative damage and ion toxicity.
文摘α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organic compounds with diverse structures.Herein,the advances in the research areas ofα-trifluoromethyl ketone synthesis and their defluorination reactions are reviewed.Discussion on the mechanisms of the typical reactions has also been provided,in hope of affording some guides to the chemistry ofα-trifluoromethyl ketones in the synthetic methods toward themselves and their derivatives.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF1200602)the National Science Fund for Excellent Overseas Scholars(0401260011)+3 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences(c02022088)the Tianjin Science and Technology Program(20JCZDJC00810)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202798)the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1404200).
文摘Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.
文摘Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.
基金Supported by Shanghai 2020“Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”Medical Innovation Research Special Program:20Y21902800Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Shanghai Three-Year Action Plan to Further Accelerate the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation:ZY(2021-2023)−0302)+1 种基金Shanghai Key Specialty(Acupuncture)Construction Project:shslczdzk04701Shanghai 2024"Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan"star cultivation(Sail special):24YF2740600.
文摘Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)is a kind of physical therapy that use electric cur-rent through the electrodes placed on the surface of acupoints to produce clinical effects in the human body,which is characterized by less adverse reaction and convenient operation.It has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases.This review introduces six major clinical applications of TEAS,named analgesia,regulation of gastrointestinal function,improvement of reproductive function,enhancement of cognitive function,promotion of limb function recovery and relief of fatigue.Besides,TEAS has been ap-plied to the treatment of other chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes,achieving satisfactory clinical effects.However,two crucial challenges are encountered in the development of TEAS.One is the lack of standardization in the selection of parameters such as waveform,frequency,intensity and stimula-tion duration.The other is the limitation on the flexibility in the acupoint selection.This review analyzes key issues that need to be addressed in the current clinical application of TEAS,such as the selection of parameters and acupoints,and this review provides a certain reference value for optimizing regimens of TEAS and promoting its development and application.
基金Xiamen Science and Technology Project,Grant/Award Number:3502Z20231057National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:3502Z20231057National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22279107,22288102。
文摘Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as freestanding anodes,conductive additives,and current collectors,are discussed.Challenges,strategies,and progress are analyzed by selecting typical examples.Particularly,when CNTs are used with relatively large mass fractions,the relevant interfacial electrochemistry in such a CNT-based electrode,which dictates the quality of the resulting solid-electrolyte interface,becomes a concern.Hence,in this review the different lithium-ion adsorption and insertion mechanisms inside and outside of CNTs are compared;the influence of not only CNT structural features(including their length,defect density,diameter,and wall thickness)but also the electrolyte composition on the solid-electrolyte interfacial reactions is analyzed in detail.Strategies to optimize the solid-solid interface between CNTs and the other solid components in various composite electrodes are also covered.By emphasizing the importance of such a structure-performance relationship,the merits and weaknesses of various applications of CNTs in various advanced LIBs are clarified.
