The cooperation of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) has become a promising scenario in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks(SAGINs) recently due to their widespread applications,where wireless communication is ...The cooperation of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) has become a promising scenario in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks(SAGINs) recently due to their widespread applications,where wireless communication is a basic necessity and is normally categorized into control and nonpayload communication(CNPC) as well as payload communication. In this paper, we attempt to tackle two challenges of UAV communication respectively on establishing reliable CNPC links against the high mobility of UAVs as well as changeable communication conditions, and on offering dynamic resource optimization for Quality-of-Service(QoS) guaranteed payload communication with variable link connectivity. Firstly, we propose the concept of air controlling center(ACC), a virtual application equipped on the infrastructure in SAGINs, which can collect global information for estimating UAV trajectory and communication channels. We then introduce the knapsack problem for modelling resource optimization of UAV communication in order to provide optimal access points for both CNPC and payload communication. Meanwhile, using the air controlling information, predictive decision algorithm and handover strategy are introduced for the reliable connection with multiple access points. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposal ensures an approximate always-on reliable accessing of communication links and outperforms the existing methods against high mobility,sparse distribution, and physical obstacles.展开更多
MORPAS is a special GIS (geographic information system) software system, based on the MAPGIS platform whose aim is to prospect and evaluate mineral resources quantificationally by synthesizing geological, geophysical,...MORPAS is a special GIS (geographic information system) software system, based on the MAPGIS platform whose aim is to prospect and evaluate mineral resources quantificationally by synthesizing geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing data. It overlays geological database management, geological background and geological abnormality analysis, image processing of remote sensing and comprehensive abnormality analysis, etc.. It puts forward an integrative solution for the application of GIS in basic-level units and the construction of information engineering in the geological field. As the popularization of computer networks and the request of data sharing, it is necessary to extend its functions in data management so that all its data files can be accessed in the network server. This paper utilizes some MAPGIS functions for the second development and ADO (access data object) technique to access multi-source geological data in SQL Server databases. Then remote visiting and congruous management will be realized in the MORPAS system.展开更多
Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）：AD,a neurodegenerative disorder and a significant cause of dementia throughout the world mostly affects the older adults but sometimes also seen in young age（early state AD）（Agrawal et a...Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）：AD,a neurodegenerative disorder and a significant cause of dementia throughout the world mostly affects the older adults but sometimes also seen in young age（early state AD）（Agrawal et al.,2017）.展开更多
Objective: Effective confirmation of pregnancy is a basic component of reproductive health services. It is a determinant for accessing antenatal care (ANC) if the pregnancy is wanted and abortion services if the pregn...Objective: Effective confirmation of pregnancy is a basic component of reproductive health services. It is a determinant for accessing antenatal care (ANC) if the pregnancy is wanted and abortion services if the pregnancy is unwanted. This study examined the effect of urine pregnancy testing in the timing of presentation for pregnancy care. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 women presenting for antenatal care and 300 women presenting for abortion at private sector clinics in Western Nigeria. Results: The median age at first presentation was 20 weeks for ANC clients and 8 weeks for abortion clients. Obtaining urine pregnancy test of one’s accord was associated with a decrease in the gestational age at presentation of 3.7 weeks and 1.5 weeks for antenatal and abortion clients, respectively, independent of all other factors. Conclusion: Bearing in mind that the clinical benefit and public health impact of early presentation for antenatal and abortion services are unequivocal, strategies aimed at decreasing gestational age at presentation for pregnancy care should be given priority. “Fast-track” urine pregnancy testing services should be promoted in the private and public clinics in Nigeria.展开更多
To describe the characteristics of callers accessing the first national smoking quitline in China's Mainland. The national quitline provides residents in China's Mainland with free telephone smoking cessation ...To describe the characteristics of callers accessing the first national smoking quitline in China's Mainland. The national quitline provides residents in China's Mainland with free telephone smoking cessation services. Of 8260 callers from December 1, 2009 to May 31, 2012, the study included 1049 callers to the non-automated service who gave basic information during the call. Of the 1049 live-access callers.展开更多
Purpose: Malaria continues to be a public health threat, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, including Uganda. While Batwa Indigenous People (IPs) face a higher burden of malaria, there is limited understanding of their...Purpose: Malaria continues to be a public health threat, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, including Uganda. While Batwa Indigenous People (IPs) face a higher burden of malaria, there is limited understanding of their malaria-lived experiences. We assessed and characterized malaria illness and accessing healthcare lived experiences of the Batwa in Kanungu district to inform contextually and culturally appropriate public health interventions. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in 5 Batwa settlements where 5 Focus Group Discussions (n = 36) and 13 Key Informant Interviews (n = 13) were held. Data were collected using printed guides and voice recorders in April 2018. Transcripts from the data that captured the lived experiences of the symptoms, prevention, treatment and barriers to accessing formal healthcare services were applied to Atlas.ti a qualitative data analysis software and condensed into codes, categories, and themes. Results: Many Batwa have experienced malaria in their households, and they know its causes and risk factors, like not sleeping under insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs), living near water bodies, prevention measures like the use of ITNs, and vector management. The lived experiences demonstrate malaria management by an Indigenous population in a rural setting and comprised detecting malaria symptoms, use of herbs as first line of treatment, buying medicines from drug shops, and village health teams (VHTs) treatment. For many Batwa accessing formal healthcare is normally a second option. Barriers for malaria treatment included: long distances to health facilities, geographically difficult terrain, economic constraints, irregular health outreaches, and stockouts of malaria medicines at health facilities. Conclusion: This study characterized Batwa’s malaria illness lived experiences and access to healthcare in rural remote settings. These experiences are essential in appreciating the ways in which Indigenous populations understand and manage common illnesses and how appropriate policies and interventions can be developed.展开更多
This report presents the results of a study on Reproductive Health done in North Kivu in September 2009. It was conducted by HEAL Africa, in partnership with the Provisional Division of Health, and financed by the Uni...This report presents the results of a study on Reproductive Health done in North Kivu in September 2009. It was conducted by HEAL Africa, in partnership with the Provisional Division of Health, and financed by the University of Ottawa, Canada/CRDI with technical assistance from Western Cape University of South Africa. The study was conducted in the health zones of Birambizo and Kayna within the framework of the central office. The focus of the report is on one aspect of Reproductive Health—Low Risk Maternity. This study was conducted in rural areas given that Reproductive Health indicators are much weaker when compared with urban areas, according to EDS RDC, 2007 [1]. This study emphasizes the following points: General characteristics of the participants in the study, and the utilization and accessibility of maternity services in rural areas in conflict situations. The formula SPSS 12.0.1 was used to facilitate data analysis in the study. This study comes at a point in time when its relevance to HEAL Africa’s work will assist HEAL and its partners in determining the focus of interventions done in health zones in order to improve maternal and neonatal health. HEAL Africa firstly stepped into a Safe Motherhood pilot project in June 2006 for 9 months in the Masisi zone, then in 2007 in the Birambizo and Kayna health zones. In November 2007, HEAL expanded into Walikale and in October 2008, into Kirotshe, Binza, and Lubero. The intervention kit consists of reinforcing the capacity of existing health facilities, training traditional midwives who serve as a link between the community and the health structures, the provision of sanitary equipment, medical essentials and community mobilization was done through local leaders about health and reproduction, and organizing women of reproductive age in solidarity groups (SG) to generate maternity insurance. The community approach “Solidarity Groups for Maternity Insurance” constitutes the spine of HEAL Africa within the support it provides in Reproductive Health. The principal idea is to educate and train communities on how to use the MMR services that are available in their community, and to remove financial barriers to accessing health services. The 4 pillars that comprise the Safe Motherhood program are: family planning, prenatal care, safe assisted delivery and essential obstetric care. These four strategic measures are integral in assuring primary health care and equality for women. This study evaluates this approach, keeping in mind local strategies and their effects on improving the utilization and accessibility of reproductive health services.展开更多
Background: Unsafe abortions are one of the leading causes of maternal mortality, especially in developing countries. In Cameroon, the maternal mortality rate remains high, and the scarcity of data on abortions leads ...Background: Unsafe abortions are one of the leading causes of maternal mortality, especially in developing countries. In Cameroon, the maternal mortality rate remains high, and the scarcity of data on abortions leads to a lack of solid evidence to advocate on the extent of the abortions related complications. Our objective was to evaluate the unsafe abortions related complications, and to assess the difficulties of accessing safe abortions in our setting. Methods: We carried out a meta-analytic and systematic review in the biomedical databases MEDLINE (Pubmed), Google Scholar and African Journal Online concerning unsafe abortions and/or difficulties in accessing safe abortions in Cameroon. The keywords used for the search are seen in table I. Selection of studies was simultaneously done by two authors. Data were extracted through a form designed on Google Form. We used a random-effect model for proportion estimation, and The I<sup>2</sup> and Q statistics to assess the extent of heterogeneity. Results: A total of 430 studies were identified, from which 28 were included and analysed. About 5% (95% CI: 3 - 7) of unsafe abortions leads to death. The contribution of unsafe abortions in maternal deaths was 23% (95% CI: 20 - 27). The rate of severe bleeding and/or anemia were 40% (95% CI: 18 - 63) and the rate of infection was 17% (95% CI: 7 - 28), dominated by pelvic infections, pelviperitonitis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. Case reports described uterine perforations, uterine rupture during the following pregnancy. Abortion was performed in the practitioner’s or patient’s home in 41.4% of cases, in a health center in 35.1% of cases, in a private clinic in 21.2% of cases, drugs selling places and in traditional healer clinics. The restriction of abortion laws, the stigma surrounding abortion and its consequences at any level of the society, lead to the underreporting of unsafe abortions and a deep reluctance to advocate for safe abortion services. Conclusion: The strengthening of awareness campaigns for provider behavior change communication, family planning, the de-stigmatization of abortions, the training of health personnel in post-abortion care, a multidisciplinary and multicentric action would contribute to the reduction in morbidity and mortality due to abortions.展开更多
Unsafe abortions constitute a public health problem. It is one of the causes of maternal mortality in the world and particularly in developing countries. Despite the progress made, maternal mortality remains high in C...Unsafe abortions constitute a public health problem. It is one of the causes of maternal mortality in the world and particularly in developing countries. Despite the progress made, maternal mortality remains high in Cameroon. The scarcity and disparity of data on abortions lead to a lack of strong evidence to advocate to decision-makers on the extent of the problems associated with abortions in Cameroon. Our objective is to estimate the rates of mortalities and complications related to unsafe abortions, as well as the difficulties of accessing safe abortions in Cameroon. We will carry out a systematic and meta-analytical review in the biomedical databases MEDLINE (Pubmed), Google Scholar and African Journal Online (AJOL) concerning unsafe abortions and/or difficulties in accessing safe abortions in Cameroon, without date or language restriction. Gray literature will be also consulted. Two authors will simultaneously select the studies and data extraction will be done using a Google Form. Proportions will be estimated on a random-effect model. The I<sup>2</sup> and Q statistics will be used to assess the extent of heterogeneity across the studies. The outcome of both the quantitative and qualitative parts of the study will be commented. Death and morbidity due to abortions can be prevented. A concerted multidisciplinary and multicentric action would be essential.展开更多
Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim ...Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of signifi cant,novel,and high-impact research in the fi elds of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Scicnces.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on bchalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd)is an international,peer reviewed open access joumal belonging...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Scicnces.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on bchalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd)is an international,peer reviewed open access joumal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the joumal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcone submissions that drive the ficld of food scicnce towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a random access scheme termed sign-compute diversity slotted ALOHA(SCDSA).The SCDSA scheme combines diversity transmission with compute-and-forward.Without considering the capture effect and m...In this paper,we propose a random access scheme termed sign-compute diversity slotted ALOHA(SCDSA).The SCDSA scheme combines diversity transmission with compute-and-forward.Without considering the capture effect and multiple user detection techniques,our scheme can reach a high throughput of 0.98 without feedback under finite frame size settings,where the upper bound on performance is 1.Moreover,a lower bound on throughput performance is derived,which is tight in some parameter settings and can be used to approximate theoretical performance.Simulation results validate our analysis and confirm the advantages of our proposed scheme.展开更多
Triterpenoids are valuable medicinal scaffolds,characterized by excellent pharmacological properties and the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups that allow for further structural modifications.Expanding the scope...Triterpenoids are valuable medicinal scaffolds,characterized by excellent pharmacological properties and the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups that allow for further structural modifications.Expanding the scope of oxidative modifications on these molecules is crucial for increasing their synthetic structural diversity and unlocking new potential pharmacological activities.However,the progress has been limited by the scarcity of suitable tailoring enzymes.Here,we reported a break-through in achieving targeted and remote dual-site oxidation of licorice triterpenoids using a single P450 mutant.This approach successfully enabled the selective synthesis of the rare triterpenoid,liquiritic acid and 24-OH-liquiritic acid.Our findings demonstrate that microenvironmental accessibility engineering of triterpenoid substrates within the P450 enzyme is essential for continuous and regioselective oxidation.This study not only sheds light on the mechanistic aspects of P450 catalysis but also expands the enzymatic toolkit for selective oxidative modifications in triterpenoid biosynthesis.展开更多
The performance of data restore is one of the key indicators of user experience for backup storage systems.Compared to the traditional offline restore process,online restore reduces downtime during backup restoration,...The performance of data restore is one of the key indicators of user experience for backup storage systems.Compared to the traditional offline restore process,online restore reduces downtime during backup restoration,allowing users to operate on already restored files while other files are still being restored.This approach improves availability during restoration tasks but suffers from a critical limitation:inconsistencies between the access sequence and the restore sequence.In many cases,the file a user needs to access at a given moment may not yet be restored,resulting in significant delays and poor user experience.To this end,we present Histore,which builds on the user’s historical access sequence to schedule the restore sequence,in order to reduce users’access delayed time.Histore includes three restore approaches:(i)the frequency-based approach,which restores files based on historical file access frequencies and prioritizes ensuring the availability of frequently accessed files;(ii)the graph-based approach,which preferentially restores the frequently accessed files as well as their correlated files based on historical access patterns,and(iii)the trie-based approach,which restores particular files based on both users’real-time and historical access patterns to deduce and restore the files to be accessed in the near future.We implement a prototype of Histore and evaluate its performance from multiple perspectives.Trace-driven experiments on two datasets show that Histore significantly reduces users’delay time by 4-700×with only 1.0%-14.5%additional performance overhead.展开更多
Cloud data sharing is an important issue in modern times.To maintain the privacy and confidentiality of data stored in the cloud,encryption is an inevitable process before uploading the data.However,the centralized ma...Cloud data sharing is an important issue in modern times.To maintain the privacy and confidentiality of data stored in the cloud,encryption is an inevitable process before uploading the data.However,the centralized management and transmission latency of the cloud makes it difficult to support real-time processing and distributed access structures.As a result,fog computing and the Internet of Things(IoT)have emerged as crucial applications.Fog-assisted proxy re-encryption is a commonly adopted technique for sharing cloud ciphertexts.It allows a semitrusted proxy to transforma data owner’s ciphertext into another re-encrypted ciphertext intended for a data requester,without compromising any information about the original ciphertext.Yet,the user revocation and cloud ciphertext renewal problems still lack effective and secure mechanisms.Motivated by it,we propose a revocable conditional proxy re-encryption scheme offering ciphertext evolution(R-CPRE-CE).In particular,a periodically updated time key is used to revoke the user’s access privileges while an access condition prevents a malicious proxy from reencrypting unauthorized ciphertext.We also demonstrate that our scheme is provably secure under the notion of indistinguishability against adaptively chosen identity and chosen ciphertext attacks in the random oracle model.Performance analysis shows that our scheme reduces the computation time for a complete data access cycle from an initial query to the final decryption by approximately 47.05%compared to related schemes.展开更多
In Bom Jesus Municipality,a cool breeze drifts in from the Kwanza River,softening the edges of a town marked by landmarks such as António Agostinho Neto International Airport.Yet beneath Luanda’s scenic faç...In Bom Jesus Municipality,a cool breeze drifts in from the Kwanza River,softening the edges of a town marked by landmarks such as António Agostinho Neto International Airport.Yet beneath Luanda’s scenic façade,daily life for many residents is defined by a persistent struggle for water.“We have to walk 5 to 15 km to access water.This perennial problem is so depressing.What’s more,the lack of clean water causes waterborne diseases in our community,”local resident Isabel Fernando told ChinAfrica.展开更多
After securing a market for their dried red chilli peppers in China,elated farmers in Uganda are expanding the spicy crop cultivation to thousands of acres.China’s increasing appetite for international cuisine and sp...After securing a market for their dried red chilli peppers in China,elated farmers in Uganda are expanding the spicy crop cultivation to thousands of acres.China’s increasing appetite for international cuisine and spices has created a most welcome demand for high-quality chillies.And given Uganda’s unique climate and soil conditions that allow for diverse chilli varieties,the East African country has a competitive edge.This has led to Uganda and China now having trade agreements in place,facilitating exports.展开更多
基金supported by the the National Key Research and Development Program of China under No. 2019YFB1803200National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61620106001。
文摘The cooperation of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) has become a promising scenario in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks(SAGINs) recently due to their widespread applications,where wireless communication is a basic necessity and is normally categorized into control and nonpayload communication(CNPC) as well as payload communication. In this paper, we attempt to tackle two challenges of UAV communication respectively on establishing reliable CNPC links against the high mobility of UAVs as well as changeable communication conditions, and on offering dynamic resource optimization for Quality-of-Service(QoS) guaranteed payload communication with variable link connectivity. Firstly, we propose the concept of air controlling center(ACC), a virtual application equipped on the infrastructure in SAGINs, which can collect global information for estimating UAV trajectory and communication channels. We then introduce the knapsack problem for modelling resource optimization of UAV communication in order to provide optimal access points for both CNPC and payload communication. Meanwhile, using the air controlling information, predictive decision algorithm and handover strategy are introduced for the reliable connection with multiple access points. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposal ensures an approximate always-on reliable accessing of communication links and outperforms the existing methods against high mobility,sparse distribution, and physical obstacles.
文摘MORPAS is a special GIS (geographic information system) software system, based on the MAPGIS platform whose aim is to prospect and evaluate mineral resources quantificationally by synthesizing geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing data. It overlays geological database management, geological background and geological abnormality analysis, image processing of remote sensing and comprehensive abnormality analysis, etc.. It puts forward an integrative solution for the application of GIS in basic-level units and the construction of information engineering in the geological field. As the popularization of computer networks and the request of data sharing, it is necessary to extend its functions in data management so that all its data files can be accessed in the network server. This paper utilizes some MAPGIS functions for the second development and ADO (access data object) technique to access multi-source geological data in SQL Server databases. Then remote visiting and congruous management will be realized in the MORPAS system.
文摘Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）：AD,a neurodegenerative disorder and a significant cause of dementia throughout the world mostly affects the older adults but sometimes also seen in young age（early state AD）（Agrawal et al.,2017）.
文摘Objective: Effective confirmation of pregnancy is a basic component of reproductive health services. It is a determinant for accessing antenatal care (ANC) if the pregnancy is wanted and abortion services if the pregnancy is unwanted. This study examined the effect of urine pregnancy testing in the timing of presentation for pregnancy care. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 women presenting for antenatal care and 300 women presenting for abortion at private sector clinics in Western Nigeria. Results: The median age at first presentation was 20 weeks for ANC clients and 8 weeks for abortion clients. Obtaining urine pregnancy test of one’s accord was associated with a decrease in the gestational age at presentation of 3.7 weeks and 1.5 weeks for antenatal and abortion clients, respectively, independent of all other factors. Conclusion: Bearing in mind that the clinical benefit and public health impact of early presentation for antenatal and abortion services are unequivocal, strategies aimed at decreasing gestational age at presentation for pregnancy care should be given priority. “Fast-track” urine pregnancy testing services should be promoted in the private and public clinics in Nigeria.
基金Supported by Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China funded project on Clinical Cessation Interventions speaking tour, establishing and running National Quitline 4008885531developing the new version of clinical smoking cessation guideline (2009)+1 种基金WHO funded projects on Support for Building up Smoke free Health Care Facilities, the Dissemination and Application of Chinese Clinical Smoking Cessation Guidelines, CHN/10/TFI/001131Pilot Project on Capacity Building for Pediatricians and other Child Health Staff,CHN-11-TFI-002716
文摘To describe the characteristics of callers accessing the first national smoking quitline in China's Mainland. The national quitline provides residents in China's Mainland with free telephone smoking cessation services. Of 8260 callers from December 1, 2009 to May 31, 2012, the study included 1049 callers to the non-automated service who gave basic information during the call. Of the 1049 live-access callers.
文摘Purpose: Malaria continues to be a public health threat, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, including Uganda. While Batwa Indigenous People (IPs) face a higher burden of malaria, there is limited understanding of their malaria-lived experiences. We assessed and characterized malaria illness and accessing healthcare lived experiences of the Batwa in Kanungu district to inform contextually and culturally appropriate public health interventions. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in 5 Batwa settlements where 5 Focus Group Discussions (n = 36) and 13 Key Informant Interviews (n = 13) were held. Data were collected using printed guides and voice recorders in April 2018. Transcripts from the data that captured the lived experiences of the symptoms, prevention, treatment and barriers to accessing formal healthcare services were applied to Atlas.ti a qualitative data analysis software and condensed into codes, categories, and themes. Results: Many Batwa have experienced malaria in their households, and they know its causes and risk factors, like not sleeping under insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs), living near water bodies, prevention measures like the use of ITNs, and vector management. The lived experiences demonstrate malaria management by an Indigenous population in a rural setting and comprised detecting malaria symptoms, use of herbs as first line of treatment, buying medicines from drug shops, and village health teams (VHTs) treatment. For many Batwa accessing formal healthcare is normally a second option. Barriers for malaria treatment included: long distances to health facilities, geographically difficult terrain, economic constraints, irregular health outreaches, and stockouts of malaria medicines at health facilities. Conclusion: This study characterized Batwa’s malaria illness lived experiences and access to healthcare in rural remote settings. These experiences are essential in appreciating the ways in which Indigenous populations understand and manage common illnesses and how appropriate policies and interventions can be developed.
文摘This report presents the results of a study on Reproductive Health done in North Kivu in September 2009. It was conducted by HEAL Africa, in partnership with the Provisional Division of Health, and financed by the University of Ottawa, Canada/CRDI with technical assistance from Western Cape University of South Africa. The study was conducted in the health zones of Birambizo and Kayna within the framework of the central office. The focus of the report is on one aspect of Reproductive Health—Low Risk Maternity. This study was conducted in rural areas given that Reproductive Health indicators are much weaker when compared with urban areas, according to EDS RDC, 2007 [1]. This study emphasizes the following points: General characteristics of the participants in the study, and the utilization and accessibility of maternity services in rural areas in conflict situations. The formula SPSS 12.0.1 was used to facilitate data analysis in the study. This study comes at a point in time when its relevance to HEAL Africa’s work will assist HEAL and its partners in determining the focus of interventions done in health zones in order to improve maternal and neonatal health. HEAL Africa firstly stepped into a Safe Motherhood pilot project in June 2006 for 9 months in the Masisi zone, then in 2007 in the Birambizo and Kayna health zones. In November 2007, HEAL expanded into Walikale and in October 2008, into Kirotshe, Binza, and Lubero. The intervention kit consists of reinforcing the capacity of existing health facilities, training traditional midwives who serve as a link between the community and the health structures, the provision of sanitary equipment, medical essentials and community mobilization was done through local leaders about health and reproduction, and organizing women of reproductive age in solidarity groups (SG) to generate maternity insurance. The community approach “Solidarity Groups for Maternity Insurance” constitutes the spine of HEAL Africa within the support it provides in Reproductive Health. The principal idea is to educate and train communities on how to use the MMR services that are available in their community, and to remove financial barriers to accessing health services. The 4 pillars that comprise the Safe Motherhood program are: family planning, prenatal care, safe assisted delivery and essential obstetric care. These four strategic measures are integral in assuring primary health care and equality for women. This study evaluates this approach, keeping in mind local strategies and their effects on improving the utilization and accessibility of reproductive health services.
文摘Background: Unsafe abortions are one of the leading causes of maternal mortality, especially in developing countries. In Cameroon, the maternal mortality rate remains high, and the scarcity of data on abortions leads to a lack of solid evidence to advocate on the extent of the abortions related complications. Our objective was to evaluate the unsafe abortions related complications, and to assess the difficulties of accessing safe abortions in our setting. Methods: We carried out a meta-analytic and systematic review in the biomedical databases MEDLINE (Pubmed), Google Scholar and African Journal Online concerning unsafe abortions and/or difficulties in accessing safe abortions in Cameroon. The keywords used for the search are seen in table I. Selection of studies was simultaneously done by two authors. Data were extracted through a form designed on Google Form. We used a random-effect model for proportion estimation, and The I<sup>2</sup> and Q statistics to assess the extent of heterogeneity. Results: A total of 430 studies were identified, from which 28 were included and analysed. About 5% (95% CI: 3 - 7) of unsafe abortions leads to death. The contribution of unsafe abortions in maternal deaths was 23% (95% CI: 20 - 27). The rate of severe bleeding and/or anemia were 40% (95% CI: 18 - 63) and the rate of infection was 17% (95% CI: 7 - 28), dominated by pelvic infections, pelviperitonitis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. Case reports described uterine perforations, uterine rupture during the following pregnancy. Abortion was performed in the practitioner’s or patient’s home in 41.4% of cases, in a health center in 35.1% of cases, in a private clinic in 21.2% of cases, drugs selling places and in traditional healer clinics. The restriction of abortion laws, the stigma surrounding abortion and its consequences at any level of the society, lead to the underreporting of unsafe abortions and a deep reluctance to advocate for safe abortion services. Conclusion: The strengthening of awareness campaigns for provider behavior change communication, family planning, the de-stigmatization of abortions, the training of health personnel in post-abortion care, a multidisciplinary and multicentric action would contribute to the reduction in morbidity and mortality due to abortions.
文摘Unsafe abortions constitute a public health problem. It is one of the causes of maternal mortality in the world and particularly in developing countries. Despite the progress made, maternal mortality remains high in Cameroon. The scarcity and disparity of data on abortions lead to a lack of strong evidence to advocate to decision-makers on the extent of the problems associated with abortions in Cameroon. Our objective is to estimate the rates of mortalities and complications related to unsafe abortions, as well as the difficulties of accessing safe abortions in Cameroon. We will carry out a systematic and meta-analytical review in the biomedical databases MEDLINE (Pubmed), Google Scholar and African Journal Online (AJOL) concerning unsafe abortions and/or difficulties in accessing safe abortions in Cameroon, without date or language restriction. Gray literature will be also consulted. Two authors will simultaneously select the studies and data extraction will be done using a Google Form. Proportions will be estimated on a random-effect model. The I<sup>2</sup> and Q statistics will be used to assess the extent of heterogeneity across the studies. The outcome of both the quantitative and qualitative parts of the study will be commented. Death and morbidity due to abortions can be prevented. A concerted multidisciplinary and multicentric action would be essential.
文摘Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of signifi cant,novel,and high-impact research in the fi elds of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Scicnces.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on bchalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd)is an international,peer reviewed open access joumal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the joumal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcone submissions that drive the ficld of food scicnce towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘In this paper,we propose a random access scheme termed sign-compute diversity slotted ALOHA(SCDSA).The SCDSA scheme combines diversity transmission with compute-and-forward.Without considering the capture effect and multiple user detection techniques,our scheme can reach a high throughput of 0.98 without feedback under finite frame size settings,where the upper bound on performance is 1.Moreover,a lower bound on throughput performance is derived,which is tight in some parameter settings and can be used to approximate theoretical performance.Simulation results validate our analysis and confirm the advantages of our proposed scheme.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22108154,22138006,32171430).
文摘Triterpenoids are valuable medicinal scaffolds,characterized by excellent pharmacological properties and the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups that allow for further structural modifications.Expanding the scope of oxidative modifications on these molecules is crucial for increasing their synthetic structural diversity and unlocking new potential pharmacological activities.However,the progress has been limited by the scarcity of suitable tailoring enzymes.Here,we reported a break-through in achieving targeted and remote dual-site oxidation of licorice triterpenoids using a single P450 mutant.This approach successfully enabled the selective synthesis of the rare triterpenoid,liquiritic acid and 24-OH-liquiritic acid.Our findings demonstrate that microenvironmental accessibility engineering of triterpenoid substrates within the P450 enzyme is essential for continuous and regioselective oxidation.This study not only sheds light on the mechanistic aspects of P450 catalysis but also expands the enzymatic toolkit for selective oxidative modifications in triterpenoid biosynthesis.
基金supported in part by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4501200),National Natural Science Foundation of China(62332018)Science and Technology Program(2024NSFTD0031,2024YFHZ0339 and 2025ZNSFSC0497).
文摘The performance of data restore is one of the key indicators of user experience for backup storage systems.Compared to the traditional offline restore process,online restore reduces downtime during backup restoration,allowing users to operate on already restored files while other files are still being restored.This approach improves availability during restoration tasks but suffers from a critical limitation:inconsistencies between the access sequence and the restore sequence.In many cases,the file a user needs to access at a given moment may not yet be restored,resulting in significant delays and poor user experience.To this end,we present Histore,which builds on the user’s historical access sequence to schedule the restore sequence,in order to reduce users’access delayed time.Histore includes three restore approaches:(i)the frequency-based approach,which restores files based on historical file access frequencies and prioritizes ensuring the availability of frequently accessed files;(ii)the graph-based approach,which preferentially restores the frequently accessed files as well as their correlated files based on historical access patterns,and(iii)the trie-based approach,which restores particular files based on both users’real-time and historical access patterns to deduce and restore the files to be accessed in the near future.We implement a prototype of Histore and evaluate its performance from multiple perspectives.Trace-driven experiments on two datasets show that Histore significantly reduces users’delay time by 4-700×with only 1.0%-14.5%additional performance overhead.
基金supported in part by the National Science and Technology Council of Republic of China under the contract numbers NSTC 114-2221-E-019-055-MY2NSTC 114-2221-E-019-069.
文摘Cloud data sharing is an important issue in modern times.To maintain the privacy and confidentiality of data stored in the cloud,encryption is an inevitable process before uploading the data.However,the centralized management and transmission latency of the cloud makes it difficult to support real-time processing and distributed access structures.As a result,fog computing and the Internet of Things(IoT)have emerged as crucial applications.Fog-assisted proxy re-encryption is a commonly adopted technique for sharing cloud ciphertexts.It allows a semitrusted proxy to transforma data owner’s ciphertext into another re-encrypted ciphertext intended for a data requester,without compromising any information about the original ciphertext.Yet,the user revocation and cloud ciphertext renewal problems still lack effective and secure mechanisms.Motivated by it,we propose a revocable conditional proxy re-encryption scheme offering ciphertext evolution(R-CPRE-CE).In particular,a periodically updated time key is used to revoke the user’s access privileges while an access condition prevents a malicious proxy from reencrypting unauthorized ciphertext.We also demonstrate that our scheme is provably secure under the notion of indistinguishability against adaptively chosen identity and chosen ciphertext attacks in the random oracle model.Performance analysis shows that our scheme reduces the computation time for a complete data access cycle from an initial query to the final decryption by approximately 47.05%compared to related schemes.
文摘In Bom Jesus Municipality,a cool breeze drifts in from the Kwanza River,softening the edges of a town marked by landmarks such as António Agostinho Neto International Airport.Yet beneath Luanda’s scenic façade,daily life for many residents is defined by a persistent struggle for water.“We have to walk 5 to 15 km to access water.This perennial problem is so depressing.What’s more,the lack of clean water causes waterborne diseases in our community,”local resident Isabel Fernando told ChinAfrica.
文摘After securing a market for their dried red chilli peppers in China,elated farmers in Uganda are expanding the spicy crop cultivation to thousands of acres.China’s increasing appetite for international cuisine and spices has created a most welcome demand for high-quality chillies.And given Uganda’s unique climate and soil conditions that allow for diverse chilli varieties,the East African country has a competitive edge.This has led to Uganda and China now having trade agreements in place,facilitating exports.
