Introduction: Primary polydipsia, frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia, can cause severe hyponatremia, leading to serious complications. Objective: This study reviews the management and prevalence of psy...Introduction: Primary polydipsia, frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia, can cause severe hyponatremia, leading to serious complications. Objective: This study reviews the management and prevalence of psychogenic polydipsia, focusing on treatments and clinical outcomes. Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, studies on polydipsia in psychiatric patients were included. Data were extracted from databases such as PubMed and Scopus, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: Fifteen studies were analyzed, totaling 586 patients. The use of urea was effective in correcting hyponatremia, while antipsychotics showed mixed results. Heterogeneity between studies was moderate (I2 = 56%). Conclusion: Psychogenic polydipsia is a severe condition in schizophrenic patients. The use of urea has shown promise, but further studies are needed to optimize treatments.展开更多
该实验采用回流法提取桑椹多糖,经脱蛋白及DEAE-Cellulose 52分离纯化得到4种多糖组分(中性多糖MFP-1,微酸性多糖MFP-2,酸性多糖MFP-3和MFP-4)。通过化学法和仪器分析法对各多糖组分进行理化性质测定和结构表征,并研究其对乙醇脱氢酶(A...该实验采用回流法提取桑椹多糖,经脱蛋白及DEAE-Cellulose 52分离纯化得到4种多糖组分(中性多糖MFP-1,微酸性多糖MFP-2,酸性多糖MFP-3和MFP-4)。通过化学法和仪器分析法对各多糖组分进行理化性质测定和结构表征,并研究其对乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)活性的影响。结果表明,MFP-1,MFP-2,MFP-3和MFP-4中的多糖量分别为75.3%,83.7%,79.1%,74.3%,其平均相对分子质量分别为112.2,128.8,199.5,181.9 k Da。MFP-1主要含有半乳糖、葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖、甘露糖(26.8∶20.4∶8.7∶5∶1);MFP-2主要含有阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖醛酸(34.2∶38.2∶8∶17.5∶15.1);MFP-3主要含有半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、葡萄糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖(28.3∶22.6∶20.9∶18.6∶12.5);MFP-4主要含有葡萄糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖醛酸(47.4∶34.9∶36.1∶33.1∶19.9∶4.1)。红外光谱分析结果表明,MFP-1,MFP-2,MFP-3和MFP-4中均有多糖的特征吸收峰,其中MFP-3和MFP-4是以β苷键为主的吡喃型多糖。活性结果表明,4种多糖对ADH均有激活作用,其ADH激活能力顺序为:联苯双酯>MFP-3>MFP-1>MFP-2>硫普罗宁>MFP-4,MFP-1,MFP-2和MFP-3对ADH的激活作用均大于阳性对照硫普罗宁,同时发现MFP-3对ADH的激活效果与阳性对照联苯双酯的激活效果相当,推测其与之连接的糖醛酸种类有关,这为桑椹多糖的"构-效"研究提供参考依据。展开更多
文摘Introduction: Primary polydipsia, frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia, can cause severe hyponatremia, leading to serious complications. Objective: This study reviews the management and prevalence of psychogenic polydipsia, focusing on treatments and clinical outcomes. Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, studies on polydipsia in psychiatric patients were included. Data were extracted from databases such as PubMed and Scopus, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: Fifteen studies were analyzed, totaling 586 patients. The use of urea was effective in correcting hyponatremia, while antipsychotics showed mixed results. Heterogeneity between studies was moderate (I2 = 56%). Conclusion: Psychogenic polydipsia is a severe condition in schizophrenic patients. The use of urea has shown promise, but further studies are needed to optimize treatments.
文摘该实验采用回流法提取桑椹多糖,经脱蛋白及DEAE-Cellulose 52分离纯化得到4种多糖组分(中性多糖MFP-1,微酸性多糖MFP-2,酸性多糖MFP-3和MFP-4)。通过化学法和仪器分析法对各多糖组分进行理化性质测定和结构表征,并研究其对乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)活性的影响。结果表明,MFP-1,MFP-2,MFP-3和MFP-4中的多糖量分别为75.3%,83.7%,79.1%,74.3%,其平均相对分子质量分别为112.2,128.8,199.5,181.9 k Da。MFP-1主要含有半乳糖、葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖、甘露糖(26.8∶20.4∶8.7∶5∶1);MFP-2主要含有阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖醛酸(34.2∶38.2∶8∶17.5∶15.1);MFP-3主要含有半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、葡萄糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖(28.3∶22.6∶20.9∶18.6∶12.5);MFP-4主要含有葡萄糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖醛酸(47.4∶34.9∶36.1∶33.1∶19.9∶4.1)。红外光谱分析结果表明,MFP-1,MFP-2,MFP-3和MFP-4中均有多糖的特征吸收峰,其中MFP-3和MFP-4是以β苷键为主的吡喃型多糖。活性结果表明,4种多糖对ADH均有激活作用,其ADH激活能力顺序为:联苯双酯>MFP-3>MFP-1>MFP-2>硫普罗宁>MFP-4,MFP-1,MFP-2和MFP-3对ADH的激活作用均大于阳性对照硫普罗宁,同时发现MFP-3对ADH的激活效果与阳性对照联苯双酯的激活效果相当,推测其与之连接的糖醛酸种类有关,这为桑椹多糖的"构-效"研究提供参考依据。
