This review interrogates empirical and theoretical research on agentic engagement in foreign language(FL)learning.Through synthesizing peer-reviewed studies from Web of Science and CNKI databases,it maps the theoretic...This review interrogates empirical and theoretical research on agentic engagement in foreign language(FL)learning.Through synthesizing peer-reviewed studies from Web of Science and CNKI databases,it maps the theoretical evolution,methodological innovations,key influencing factors and proposed suggestion for further research on student agency.Future research should prioritize,longitudinal studies,culturally comparative designs,validity constructs and ethical evaluations of artificial intelligence’s impact on learner autonomy.This review calls for a holistic approach to FL education,where agentic engagement bridges individual initiative,pedagogical innovation,and sociocultural responsiveness to empower learners in multilingual global contexts.展开更多
Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and manag...Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and management of foreign bodies in the lower airways. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 6-year period (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019) in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of Donka National Hospital. Results: We observed a prevalence of 1.79%. The average age was 5.71 years, with a sex ratio of 1.2. However, 82.61% of the cases originated from rural areas. We noted that 78.83% of patients were referred after visiting 1 to 2 healthcare facilities (75.36%). The consultation delay was 3 days. Penetration syndrome was present in 98.56% of cases. The foreign body incidents occurred during play in 54.84% and during meals in 29.09% of cases. Radiographs were performed in 93.9% of cases. Endoscopy was used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. The foreign bodies were located in the trachea (37.68%), larynx (26.08%), and bronchi (21.73%). Non-organic foreign bodies were predominant (52.17%). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 95.98% of cases, and the lethality rate was 2.85%. Conclusion: The pathway of patients with foreign bodies in the airways remains unpredictable in our context due to parental hesitations. Early management reduces morbidity and mortality rates.展开更多
Introduction: Conjunctival granulomas are tumor pathologies of various origins. A foreign body, whatever its nature, is often involved in its genesis. To date, there is very little data on foreign body conjunctival gr...Introduction: Conjunctival granulomas are tumor pathologies of various origins. A foreign body, whatever its nature, is often involved in its genesis. To date, there is very little data on foreign body conjunctival granulomas, the prevalence would be approximately 10% and their underestimation is probably linked to the inconsistency of their clinical presentation. Patient and Observations: We report a case of conjunctival granuloma caused by a metallic foreign body that went unnoticed in a young boy, the interest of rigor on primary protection measures for high-risk occupations, and of the strict application of the diagnostic protocol relating to ocular trauma. Discussion: foreign body granulomas, despite their usually harmless nature, can jeopardize the anatomical and functional prognosis of the affected eye. Only a detailed interview and a meticulous clinical examination allow the diagnosis to be made and the distinction to be made with conjunctival granulomas of different causes. Conclusion: the possibility of the involvement of a foreign body in the genesis of conjunctival granulomas must impose the rigorous application of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.展开更多
文摘This review interrogates empirical and theoretical research on agentic engagement in foreign language(FL)learning.Through synthesizing peer-reviewed studies from Web of Science and CNKI databases,it maps the theoretical evolution,methodological innovations,key influencing factors and proposed suggestion for further research on student agency.Future research should prioritize,longitudinal studies,culturally comparative designs,validity constructs and ethical evaluations of artificial intelligence’s impact on learner autonomy.This review calls for a holistic approach to FL education,where agentic engagement bridges individual initiative,pedagogical innovation,and sociocultural responsiveness to empower learners in multilingual global contexts.
文摘Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and management of foreign bodies in the lower airways. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 6-year period (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019) in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of Donka National Hospital. Results: We observed a prevalence of 1.79%. The average age was 5.71 years, with a sex ratio of 1.2. However, 82.61% of the cases originated from rural areas. We noted that 78.83% of patients were referred after visiting 1 to 2 healthcare facilities (75.36%). The consultation delay was 3 days. Penetration syndrome was present in 98.56% of cases. The foreign body incidents occurred during play in 54.84% and during meals in 29.09% of cases. Radiographs were performed in 93.9% of cases. Endoscopy was used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. The foreign bodies were located in the trachea (37.68%), larynx (26.08%), and bronchi (21.73%). Non-organic foreign bodies were predominant (52.17%). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 95.98% of cases, and the lethality rate was 2.85%. Conclusion: The pathway of patients with foreign bodies in the airways remains unpredictable in our context due to parental hesitations. Early management reduces morbidity and mortality rates.
文摘Introduction: Conjunctival granulomas are tumor pathologies of various origins. A foreign body, whatever its nature, is often involved in its genesis. To date, there is very little data on foreign body conjunctival granulomas, the prevalence would be approximately 10% and their underestimation is probably linked to the inconsistency of their clinical presentation. Patient and Observations: We report a case of conjunctival granuloma caused by a metallic foreign body that went unnoticed in a young boy, the interest of rigor on primary protection measures for high-risk occupations, and of the strict application of the diagnostic protocol relating to ocular trauma. Discussion: foreign body granulomas, despite their usually harmless nature, can jeopardize the anatomical and functional prognosis of the affected eye. Only a detailed interview and a meticulous clinical examination allow the diagnosis to be made and the distinction to be made with conjunctival granulomas of different causes. Conclusion: the possibility of the involvement of a foreign body in the genesis of conjunctival granulomas must impose the rigorous application of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.
