聚焦大型公共建筑尤其是体育场馆的智慧低碳运维问题,针对当前运维过程中存在的数据割裂、认知鸿沟与流程非标准化等痛点,提出了以大模型为核心的“AI as Hub”运维模式,并构建了数据标准化、认知标准化与流程标准化三位一体的“DCP”...聚焦大型公共建筑尤其是体育场馆的智慧低碳运维问题,针对当前运维过程中存在的数据割裂、认知鸿沟与流程非标准化等痛点,提出了以大模型为核心的“AI as Hub”运维模式,并构建了数据标准化、认知标准化与流程标准化三位一体的“DCP”架构。通过建立标准数据管理体系,实现从数据采集、建模、传输到开放的规范化;通过增强认知框架,将复杂物理实体逐级降维为大模型可理解的语义信息;并在流程层面形成“感知-决策-执行-反馈”的闭环机制。以杭州奥体中心的实践为例,体系化介绍了所述方法的应用过程与措施层面的实现。结果显示,场馆年度节电约517万kW·h,运营期能耗费用降低18%,碳排放降低2634 tCO_(2),并实现碳资产开发与交易,形成经济与环境双重效益。展开更多
Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing s...Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.展开更多
Curtain wall systems have evolved from aesthetic facade elements into multifunctional building envelopes that actively contribute to energy efficiency and climate responsiveness.This reviewpresents a comprehensive exa...Curtain wall systems have evolved from aesthetic facade elements into multifunctional building envelopes that actively contribute to energy efficiency and climate responsiveness.This reviewpresents a comprehensive examination of curtain walls from an energy-engineering perspective,highlighting their structural typologies(Stick and Unitized),material configurations,and integration with smart technologies such as electrochromic glazing,parametric design algorithms,and Building Management Systems(BMS).Thestudy explores the thermal,acoustic,and solar performance of curtain walls across various climatic zones,supported by comparative analyses and iconic case studies including Apple Park,Burj Khalifa,and Milad Tower.Key challenges—including installation complexity,high maintenance costs,and climate sensitivity—are critically assessed alongside proposed solutions.A central innovation of this work lies in framing curtain walls not only as passive architectural elements but as dynamic interfaces that modulate energy flows,reduce HVAC loads,and enhance occupant comfort.The reviewed data indicate that optimized curtain wall configurations—especially those integrating electrochromic glazing and BIPV modules—can achieve annual energy consumption reductions ranging fromapproximately 5%to 27%,depending on climate,control strategy,and facade typology.The findings offer a valuable reference for architects,energy engineers,and decision-makers seeking to integrate high-performance facades into future-ready building designs.展开更多
文摘聚焦大型公共建筑尤其是体育场馆的智慧低碳运维问题,针对当前运维过程中存在的数据割裂、认知鸿沟与流程非标准化等痛点,提出了以大模型为核心的“AI as Hub”运维模式,并构建了数据标准化、认知标准化与流程标准化三位一体的“DCP”架构。通过建立标准数据管理体系,实现从数据采集、建模、传输到开放的规范化;通过增强认知框架,将复杂物理实体逐级降维为大模型可理解的语义信息;并在流程层面形成“感知-决策-执行-反馈”的闭环机制。以杭州奥体中心的实践为例,体系化介绍了所述方法的应用过程与措施层面的实现。结果显示,场馆年度节电约517万kW·h,运营期能耗费用降低18%,碳排放降低2634 tCO_(2),并实现碳资产开发与交易,形成经济与环境双重效益。
文摘Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.
文摘Curtain wall systems have evolved from aesthetic facade elements into multifunctional building envelopes that actively contribute to energy efficiency and climate responsiveness.This reviewpresents a comprehensive examination of curtain walls from an energy-engineering perspective,highlighting their structural typologies(Stick and Unitized),material configurations,and integration with smart technologies such as electrochromic glazing,parametric design algorithms,and Building Management Systems(BMS).Thestudy explores the thermal,acoustic,and solar performance of curtain walls across various climatic zones,supported by comparative analyses and iconic case studies including Apple Park,Burj Khalifa,and Milad Tower.Key challenges—including installation complexity,high maintenance costs,and climate sensitivity—are critically assessed alongside proposed solutions.A central innovation of this work lies in framing curtain walls not only as passive architectural elements but as dynamic interfaces that modulate energy flows,reduce HVAC loads,and enhance occupant comfort.The reviewed data indicate that optimized curtain wall configurations—especially those integrating electrochromic glazing and BIPV modules—can achieve annual energy consumption reductions ranging fromapproximately 5%to 27%,depending on climate,control strategy,and facade typology.The findings offer a valuable reference for architects,energy engineers,and decision-makers seeking to integrate high-performance facades into future-ready building designs.
