Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewab...Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewable and multifunctional platform for green nanotechnologies.Recent advances in wood nanotechnology have enabled the transformation of natural wood into programmable substrates with tailored nanoarchitectures,establishing it as a representative class of bio-based nanomaterials.This review systematically categorizes wood-specific nanoengineering strategies—including thermal carbonization,laser-induced graphenization,targeted delignification,nanomaterial integration,and mechanical processing—highlighting their mechanisms and impacts on wood's multiscale structural and functional properties.Importantly,these functionalization strategies can be flexibly combined in a modular,“Lego-like”manner,enabling wood to be reconfigured and optimized for diverse application scenarios.We summarize recent progress in applying functionalized wood to sustainable technologies such as energy storage(e.g.,metal-ion batteries,Zn-air systems,supercapacitors),water treatment(e.g.,adsorption,photothermal filtration,catalytic degradation),and energy conversion(e.g.,solar evaporation,ionic thermoelectrics,hydrovoltaics,and triboelectric nanogenerators).These studies reveal how nanoengineered wood structures can enable efficient charge transport,selective adsorption,and enhanced light-to-heat conversion.Finally,the review discusses current challenges—such as scalable fabrication,material integration,and long-term environmental stability—and outlines future directions for the development of wood-based platforms in next-generation green energy and environmental systems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Plan(No.2023YFB3209203)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62333012,No.92248302)+3 种基金supported by Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Embodied Intelligence Robotics Technologythe Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technologythe 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices。
文摘Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewable and multifunctional platform for green nanotechnologies.Recent advances in wood nanotechnology have enabled the transformation of natural wood into programmable substrates with tailored nanoarchitectures,establishing it as a representative class of bio-based nanomaterials.This review systematically categorizes wood-specific nanoengineering strategies—including thermal carbonization,laser-induced graphenization,targeted delignification,nanomaterial integration,and mechanical processing—highlighting their mechanisms and impacts on wood's multiscale structural and functional properties.Importantly,these functionalization strategies can be flexibly combined in a modular,“Lego-like”manner,enabling wood to be reconfigured and optimized for diverse application scenarios.We summarize recent progress in applying functionalized wood to sustainable technologies such as energy storage(e.g.,metal-ion batteries,Zn-air systems,supercapacitors),water treatment(e.g.,adsorption,photothermal filtration,catalytic degradation),and energy conversion(e.g.,solar evaporation,ionic thermoelectrics,hydrovoltaics,and triboelectric nanogenerators).These studies reveal how nanoengineered wood structures can enable efficient charge transport,selective adsorption,and enhanced light-to-heat conversion.Finally,the review discusses current challenges—such as scalable fabrication,material integration,and long-term environmental stability—and outlines future directions for the development of wood-based platforms in next-generation green energy and environmental systems.
