Osmotic energy,existing between the seawater and river water,is a renewable energy source,which can be directly converted into electricity by ion-exchange membranes(IEM).In traditional IEMs,the ion transport channels ...Osmotic energy,existing between the seawater and river water,is a renewable energy source,which can be directly converted into electricity by ion-exchange membranes(IEM).In traditional IEMs,the ion transport channels are formed by nanophase separation of hydrophilic ion carriers and hydrophobic segments.It is difficult to realize high-density ion channels with controlled spatial arrangement and length scale of ion carriers.Herein,we construct high-density 1D ion wires as transmission channels.Through molecular design,hydrophilic imidazole groups and hydrophobic alkyl tails were introduced into the repeat units,which self-assembled into 1D ion transporting core and protecting shell along the main chains.The areal density of the ionic wire arrays is up to~10^(12)cm^(-2),which is the highest value.The ionic wires ensure both high ion flux transport and high selectivity,achieving an ultrahigh-power density of 40.5 W m^(-2)at a 500-fold salinity gradient.Besides,the ionic wire array membrane is well recyclable and antibacterial.The ionic wires provide novel concept for next generation of high-performance membranes.展开更多
The intractable trade-off between proton conductivity and vanadium ion selectivity,known as the‘transmission paradox’is a critical bottleneck hindering the commercialization of vanadium flow batteries(VFBs).Inspired...The intractable trade-off between proton conductivity and vanadium ion selectivity,known as the‘transmission paradox’is a critical bottleneck hindering the commercialization of vanadium flow batteries(VFBs).Inspired by the multi-stage,synergistic filtration mechanism of the mammalian glomerular filtration barrier,a novel,biomimetic hierarchical composite membrane has been fabricated via a precise layer-by-layer strategy on a polyethylene(PE)substrate.This membrane integrates a polydopamine(PDA)adhesion layer,a sulfonated Zr-MOF ion-sieving layer,and a synergistic polybenzimidazole(PBI)matrix.Spectroscopic analysis confirmed the formation of a critical bifunctional acid-base interface(-SO_(3)^(−)…H^(+)N-)between the MOF and PBI,which densifies the structure and optimizes ion pathways.The resulting composite membrane exhibits excellent mechanical robustness,superior chemical stability,and exceptional dimensional stability.Most significantly,this architecture successfully decouples the performance trade-off,demonstrating both high proton conductivity(11.11 mS·cm^(-1))and remarkably suppressed vanadium ion permeability(2.4×10^(−8) cm^(2)·min^(-1)).This combination yields an outstanding ion selectivity of 46.29×10^(4) S·min·cm^(-3).When tested in a VFB single cell,the membrane enabled a high energy efficiency of 81.6%at 200 mA·cm^(-2),an ultra-long self-discharge time of 2700 min,and excellent long-term cycling stability.This biomimetic design strategy effectively resolves the core‘transmission paradox’offering a promising pathway for next-generation high-performance flow batteries.展开更多
Anion exchange membranes(AEMs)are pivotal for advancing fuel cells and water electrolysis.However,their widespread adoption is hindered by the sluggish ion transport and inadequate durability.Herein,by tuning the numb...Anion exchange membranes(AEMs)are pivotal for advancing fuel cells and water electrolysis.However,their widespread adoption is hindered by the sluggish ion transport and inadequate durability.Herein,by tuning the number of conjugated aromatic rings and the branching sites within the monomers,a series of hyperbranched poly(aryl piperidinium)AEMs with coplanar polycyclic aromatic units are prepared to address the poor mechanical properties of rigid conjugated AEMs.The results indicate that the introduction of planar-conjugated triphenylene(TY)units in the polymer backbone facilitates ordered interchain aggregation driven byπ-πstacking interaction to form well-defined ion-conductive channels while suppressing excessive swelling and enhancing the membrane stability.The hyperbranched AEM containing the TY units(QTPTY)possesses excellent mechanical properties with 55.9 MPa of stress and 60.3%of strain.Additionally,the QTPTY membrane achieves an exceptional OH-conductivity of 146.4 m S cm^(-1)at 80℃,with 94.7%conductivity retention and mechanical properties reduction below 2%after 1600 h in 2 M Na OH.In an H_(2)/O_(2) fuel cell,QTPTY delivers a peak power density of 1.43 W cm^(-2),surpassing linear and the other twoπ-conjugated hyperbranched analogs.In water electrolysis,the AEM exhibits a current density of 2.30 A cm^(-2)at 1.80 V,exceeding the 2026 targets of the U.S.Department of Energy.This work demonstrates that planar-conjugated hyperbranched architectures have a significant potential in designing robust,high-performance AEMs for sustainable energy technologies.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(2022SFGC0801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22005162 and 22175009)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020QE093)。
文摘Osmotic energy,existing between the seawater and river water,is a renewable energy source,which can be directly converted into electricity by ion-exchange membranes(IEM).In traditional IEMs,the ion transport channels are formed by nanophase separation of hydrophilic ion carriers and hydrophobic segments.It is difficult to realize high-density ion channels with controlled spatial arrangement and length scale of ion carriers.Herein,we construct high-density 1D ion wires as transmission channels.Through molecular design,hydrophilic imidazole groups and hydrophobic alkyl tails were introduced into the repeat units,which self-assembled into 1D ion transporting core and protecting shell along the main chains.The areal density of the ionic wire arrays is up to~10^(12)cm^(-2),which is the highest value.The ionic wires ensure both high ion flux transport and high selectivity,achieving an ultrahigh-power density of 40.5 W m^(-2)at a 500-fold salinity gradient.Besides,the ionic wire array membrane is well recyclable and antibacterial.The ionic wires provide novel concept for next generation of high-performance membranes.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(Grant Nos:2025-BSLH-247,2025-BSLH-246)Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Foundation(Grant Nos:LJ212410148012,LJ242510148002)+1 种基金Inner Mongolia’s Key R&D and Achievement Industrialization Program(Grant No:2025YFHH0017)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos:2025MD774148,2025M770082).
文摘The intractable trade-off between proton conductivity and vanadium ion selectivity,known as the‘transmission paradox’is a critical bottleneck hindering the commercialization of vanadium flow batteries(VFBs).Inspired by the multi-stage,synergistic filtration mechanism of the mammalian glomerular filtration barrier,a novel,biomimetic hierarchical composite membrane has been fabricated via a precise layer-by-layer strategy on a polyethylene(PE)substrate.This membrane integrates a polydopamine(PDA)adhesion layer,a sulfonated Zr-MOF ion-sieving layer,and a synergistic polybenzimidazole(PBI)matrix.Spectroscopic analysis confirmed the formation of a critical bifunctional acid-base interface(-SO_(3)^(−)…H^(+)N-)between the MOF and PBI,which densifies the structure and optimizes ion pathways.The resulting composite membrane exhibits excellent mechanical robustness,superior chemical stability,and exceptional dimensional stability.Most significantly,this architecture successfully decouples the performance trade-off,demonstrating both high proton conductivity(11.11 mS·cm^(-1))and remarkably suppressed vanadium ion permeability(2.4×10^(−8) cm^(2)·min^(-1)).This combination yields an outstanding ion selectivity of 46.29×10^(4) S·min·cm^(-3).When tested in a VFB single cell,the membrane enabled a high energy efficiency of 81.6%at 200 mA·cm^(-2),an ultra-long self-discharge time of 2700 min,and excellent long-term cycling stability.This biomimetic design strategy effectively resolves the core‘transmission paradox’offering a promising pathway for next-generation high-performance flow batteries.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22278340&22078272)。
文摘Anion exchange membranes(AEMs)are pivotal for advancing fuel cells and water electrolysis.However,their widespread adoption is hindered by the sluggish ion transport and inadequate durability.Herein,by tuning the number of conjugated aromatic rings and the branching sites within the monomers,a series of hyperbranched poly(aryl piperidinium)AEMs with coplanar polycyclic aromatic units are prepared to address the poor mechanical properties of rigid conjugated AEMs.The results indicate that the introduction of planar-conjugated triphenylene(TY)units in the polymer backbone facilitates ordered interchain aggregation driven byπ-πstacking interaction to form well-defined ion-conductive channels while suppressing excessive swelling and enhancing the membrane stability.The hyperbranched AEM containing the TY units(QTPTY)possesses excellent mechanical properties with 55.9 MPa of stress and 60.3%of strain.Additionally,the QTPTY membrane achieves an exceptional OH-conductivity of 146.4 m S cm^(-1)at 80℃,with 94.7%conductivity retention and mechanical properties reduction below 2%after 1600 h in 2 M Na OH.In an H_(2)/O_(2) fuel cell,QTPTY delivers a peak power density of 1.43 W cm^(-2),surpassing linear and the other twoπ-conjugated hyperbranched analogs.In water electrolysis,the AEM exhibits a current density of 2.30 A cm^(-2)at 1.80 V,exceeding the 2026 targets of the U.S.Department of Energy.This work demonstrates that planar-conjugated hyperbranched architectures have a significant potential in designing robust,high-performance AEMs for sustainable energy technologies.
