为数众多的计算颗粒初始流态化速度的公式大体上分为三类:第一类以Ergun公式为基础,引入经验系数加以修正;第二类以某种流体力学关系为基础;第三类属于纯经验公式。这三种类型中,以第一类式子有较大范围之Ar适应性,比较适用。本文提出...为数众多的计算颗粒初始流态化速度的公式大体上分为三类:第一类以Ergun公式为基础,引入经验系数加以修正;第二类以某种流体力学关系为基础;第三类属于纯经验公式。这三种类型中,以第一类式子有较大范围之Ar适应性,比较适用。本文提出的计算式子也属于Ergun型,从目前掌握的实验数据看来,比工程界广泛应用的Wen and Yu式子用于计算液-固流态化系统有更高的精确性,而且对球形与非球形颗粒都适用。展开更多
Heterogeneous crystallization is a common occurrence during the formation of solidwastes.It leads to the encapsulation of valuable/hazardous metals within the primary phase,presenting significant challenges for waste ...Heterogeneous crystallization is a common occurrence during the formation of solidwastes.It leads to the encapsulation of valuable/hazardous metals within the primary phase,presenting significant challenges for waste treatment andmetal recovery.Herein,we proposed a novel method involving the in-situ formation of a competitive substrate during the precipitation of jarosite waste,which is an essential process for removing iron in zinc hydrometallurgy.We observed that the in-situ-formed competitive substrate effectively inhibits the heterogeneous crystallization of jarosite on the surface of anglesite,a lead-rich phase present in the jarositewaste.As a result,the iron content on the anglesite surface decreases from34.8%to 1.65%.The competitive substrate was identified as schwertmannite,characterized by its loose structure and large surface area.Furthermore,we have elucidated a novel mechanism underlying this inhibition of heterogeneous crystallization,which involves the local supersaturation of jarosite caused by the release of ferric and sulfate ions from the competitive substrate.The local supersaturation promotes the preferential heterogeneous crystallization of jarosite on the competitive substrate.Interestingly,during the formation of jarosite,the competitive substrate gradually vanished through a dissolution-recrystallization process following the Ostwald rule,where a metastable phase slowly transitions to a stable phase.This effectively precluded the introduction of impurities and reduced waste volume.The goal of this study is to provide fresh insights into the mechanism of heterogeneous crystallization control,and to offer practical crystallization strategies conducive to metal separation and recovery from solid waste in industries.展开更多
文摘为数众多的计算颗粒初始流态化速度的公式大体上分为三类:第一类以Ergun公式为基础,引入经验系数加以修正;第二类以某种流体力学关系为基础;第三类属于纯经验公式。这三种类型中,以第一类式子有较大范围之Ar适应性,比较适用。本文提出的计算式子也属于Ergun型,从目前掌握的实验数据看来,比工程界广泛应用的Wen and Yu式子用于计算液-固流态化系统有更高的精确性,而且对球形与非球形颗粒都适用。
基金supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52121004)the Major Program Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(No.2021JC0001)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Programof China(No.2022YFC3900200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22276218)the Science and Technology Innovation Programof Hunan Province(No.2021RC3013).
文摘Heterogeneous crystallization is a common occurrence during the formation of solidwastes.It leads to the encapsulation of valuable/hazardous metals within the primary phase,presenting significant challenges for waste treatment andmetal recovery.Herein,we proposed a novel method involving the in-situ formation of a competitive substrate during the precipitation of jarosite waste,which is an essential process for removing iron in zinc hydrometallurgy.We observed that the in-situ-formed competitive substrate effectively inhibits the heterogeneous crystallization of jarosite on the surface of anglesite,a lead-rich phase present in the jarositewaste.As a result,the iron content on the anglesite surface decreases from34.8%to 1.65%.The competitive substrate was identified as schwertmannite,characterized by its loose structure and large surface area.Furthermore,we have elucidated a novel mechanism underlying this inhibition of heterogeneous crystallization,which involves the local supersaturation of jarosite caused by the release of ferric and sulfate ions from the competitive substrate.The local supersaturation promotes the preferential heterogeneous crystallization of jarosite on the competitive substrate.Interestingly,during the formation of jarosite,the competitive substrate gradually vanished through a dissolution-recrystallization process following the Ostwald rule,where a metastable phase slowly transitions to a stable phase.This effectively precluded the introduction of impurities and reduced waste volume.The goal of this study is to provide fresh insights into the mechanism of heterogeneous crystallization control,and to offer practical crystallization strategies conducive to metal separation and recovery from solid waste in industries.
