Selecting effective biological control agents(BCAs)is critical for managing invasive pests such as the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta,a species that has posed a significant agricultural threat in China since its recen...Selecting effective biological control agents(BCAs)is critical for managing invasive pests such as the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta,a species that has posed a significant agricultural threat in China since its recent invasion.Traditional selection methods prioritize climate matching but often overlook intrinsic biocontrol efficacy.This study proposes a novel spatially explicit framework that integrates climatic suitability and performance to determine effective BCAs.Using the CLIMEX model,we projected the climatic suitability of T.absoluta and four Trichogramma parasitoids(T.chilonis,T.dendrolimi,T.ostriniae,and T.pretiosum)across China.Crucially,we incorporated the pest kill rate(k_(m))to construct a Comprehensive Index(CI).Spatial projections derived from this parameter revealed a pronounced redistribution of dominant parasitoid species relative to climate-only predictions.T.ostriniae has emerged as the primary dominant agent across China's agricultural zones,including the North China Plain,Yangtze River Basin,Sichuan Basin,and Xinjiang's risk regions,replacing vast areas previously assigned to other parasitoid species under climate-matching models.Moreover,T.pretiosum remained dominant in subtropical southern China.This study demonstrated that integrating intrinsic biocontrol efficacy with climatic suitability significantly enhances the robustness of BCA selection,addressing critical limitations of climate-exclusive approaches.Our CI framework provides an evidence-based,spatially optimized strategy for the sustainable management of T.absoluta,prioritizing the targeted deployment of Trichogramma species in key agroecological zones.This methodology can be readily adapted to optimize biocontrol programs against globally invasive pests.展开更多
The native thelytokous(TH)and arrhenotokous(AR)strains of Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood)(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)are promising biocontrol agents against the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta(Meyrick)(Lepidoptera:Ge...The native thelytokous(TH)and arrhenotokous(AR)strains of Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood)(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)are promising biocontrol agents against the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta(Meyrick)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae).This study assessed the performance and preferences of these strains in choice experiments involving five host instar ratios and evaluated their functional responses to seven densities of 1st instar larvae(5 to 40 hosts).In host-attacking behavior assays,an increasing proportion of 1st instar larvae led to a significant rise in host mortality rates for both strains.Both strains exhibited strong preferences for parasitizing and attacking 1st instar larvae over later instars,with the TH strain demonstrating significantly greater host-killing efficacy than the AR strain.Functional response experiments revealed that the attack rates of both strains were positively correlated with host density.Parasitism by both strains and host-stinging behavior by the TH strain showed type Ⅲ functional responses,while host-feeding by both strains and host-stinging by the AR strain followed type Ⅱ functional responses.Early establishment of the TH strain in tomato agroecosystems could enhance the management of T.absoluta.These findings provide critical insights into the functional dynamics of the TH and AR strains of N.formosa that can inform the development of effective biocontrol programs for this globally significant pest.展开更多
文摘通过传统形态分类结合DNA条形码方法对寄生性天敌伲姬小蜂属Necremnus Thomson(姬小蜂科Eulophidae)进行整合分类研究,查明东帕米尔高原伲姬小蜂属资源状况,为该属物种的快速准确鉴定以及生物学、系统发育等研究奠定基础。于2021-2023年以网扫和黄盘诱集为主要采集方法获得东帕米尔高原的伲姬小蜂属标本;在数码体视显微镜下观察测量标本的形态特征,进行形态分类学研究;在传统形态鉴定的基础上,利用无损伤提取法提取物种基因组DNA,获得COI序列,并与数据库中该属物种COI序列比对,分析其碱基组成和遗传距离,基于最大似然法构建系统发育树,进行系统发育分析。本研究发现东帕米尔高原伲姬小蜂属5种,其中一个新种—暗黑伲姬小蜂Necremnus nigra Xi&Hu, sp.nov.,对该新种进行了形态描述,并提供了形态特征图。DNA条形码分析结果表明,暗黑伲姬小蜂与潜叶蛾伲姬小蜂亲缘关系更近。
基金supported by the Major Special Projects for Green Pest Control,China(110202401016(LS-06))the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2021YFD1400200).
文摘Selecting effective biological control agents(BCAs)is critical for managing invasive pests such as the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta,a species that has posed a significant agricultural threat in China since its recent invasion.Traditional selection methods prioritize climate matching but often overlook intrinsic biocontrol efficacy.This study proposes a novel spatially explicit framework that integrates climatic suitability and performance to determine effective BCAs.Using the CLIMEX model,we projected the climatic suitability of T.absoluta and four Trichogramma parasitoids(T.chilonis,T.dendrolimi,T.ostriniae,and T.pretiosum)across China.Crucially,we incorporated the pest kill rate(k_(m))to construct a Comprehensive Index(CI).Spatial projections derived from this parameter revealed a pronounced redistribution of dominant parasitoid species relative to climate-only predictions.T.ostriniae has emerged as the primary dominant agent across China's agricultural zones,including the North China Plain,Yangtze River Basin,Sichuan Basin,and Xinjiang's risk regions,replacing vast areas previously assigned to other parasitoid species under climate-matching models.Moreover,T.pretiosum remained dominant in subtropical southern China.This study demonstrated that integrating intrinsic biocontrol efficacy with climatic suitability significantly enhances the robustness of BCA selection,addressing critical limitations of climate-exclusive approaches.Our CI framework provides an evidence-based,spatially optimized strategy for the sustainable management of T.absoluta,prioritizing the targeted deployment of Trichogramma species in key agroecological zones.This methodology can be readily adapted to optimize biocontrol programs against globally invasive pests.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2021YFD1400200 and 2017YFC1200600)the Yunnan Biodiversity Conservation Foundation Program,China(202301AT070485)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(caascx-2021-2025-IAS and caas-zdrw202203)。
文摘The native thelytokous(TH)and arrhenotokous(AR)strains of Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood)(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)are promising biocontrol agents against the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta(Meyrick)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae).This study assessed the performance and preferences of these strains in choice experiments involving five host instar ratios and evaluated their functional responses to seven densities of 1st instar larvae(5 to 40 hosts).In host-attacking behavior assays,an increasing proportion of 1st instar larvae led to a significant rise in host mortality rates for both strains.Both strains exhibited strong preferences for parasitizing and attacking 1st instar larvae over later instars,with the TH strain demonstrating significantly greater host-killing efficacy than the AR strain.Functional response experiments revealed that the attack rates of both strains were positively correlated with host density.Parasitism by both strains and host-stinging behavior by the TH strain showed type Ⅲ functional responses,while host-feeding by both strains and host-stinging by the AR strain followed type Ⅱ functional responses.Early establishment of the TH strain in tomato agroecosystems could enhance the management of T.absoluta.These findings provide critical insights into the functional dynamics of the TH and AR strains of N.formosa that can inform the development of effective biocontrol programs for this globally significant pest.
