对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有...对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有多态性的201对SSR标记,对3个环境的抗黄萎病性状进行基于混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)的全基因组关联分析,检测与抗病性状显著关联的位点、优异等位变异及优异典型材料。结果表明,3个环境下各材料的相对病指平均值为53.45,平均变异系数为36.85%,平均偏度系数为-0.46,平均峰度系数为-0.31;201对引物共产生394个等位变异位点,GWAS结果表明有11个位点能同时在2个环境中检测到,其中有2个位点NAU2437b和NAU3493b能同时在3个环境中检测到;结合育种实际,发掘出含有优异等位变异的典型材料7份,其中鲁棉研28同时含有9个优异等位变异;从各材料不同生态区来源分析,来源于黄河流域棉区的材料具有较低的平均表型效应。展开更多
【目的】探究蔗糖在棉花抗黄萎病反应中的作用,分析编码糖最终输出转运蛋白(sugars will eventually be exported transporter,SWEET)基因Gh SWEET55的功能,为揭示棉花抗黄萎病的分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】采用伤根法对棉花接种黄...【目的】探究蔗糖在棉花抗黄萎病反应中的作用,分析编码糖最终输出转运蛋白(sugars will eventually be exported transporter,SWEET)基因Gh SWEET55的功能,为揭示棉花抗黄萎病的分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】采用伤根法对棉花接种黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae),通过分光光度法检测棉花根部的蔗糖含量变化;通过转录组测序获取差异表达基因;通过KEGG通路分析,研究差异表达基因的富集情况;通过转录组测序分析并结合实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)研究棉花SWEET基因的表达模式;运用生物信息学方法分析GhSWEET55蛋白序列特征和系统进化关系,并通过qRT-PCR分析其表达模式;利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术验证GhSWEET55基因的功能。【结果】黄萎病菌侵染后12 h和48 h,棉花根部蔗糖含量显著增加,在侵染后96 h棉花根部蔗糖含量显著降低。一些差异表达基因富集到蔗糖相关的能量代谢通路与防御反应通路。SWEET基因家族多数成员存在差异表达,其中类Ⅲ成员GhSWEET55基因显著上调表达。GhSWEET55基因在棉花叶中表达量最高,编码蛋白定位于质膜。沉默GhSWEET55基因后,棉花对黄萎病的抗病性提高。【结论】蔗糖参与棉花抗黄萎病反应。SWEET基因家族响应黄萎病菌的侵染。GhSWEET55负调控棉花对黄萎病菌的抗病性。展开更多
Background The pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella,PBW)is a major cotton pest,causing economic losses by damaging seeds and fiber.Cotton growers typically use systemic and broad-spectrum insecticides for its manage...Background The pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella,PBW)is a major cotton pest,causing economic losses by damaging seeds and fiber.Cotton growers typically use systemic and broad-spectrum insecticides for its manage-ment,which pose risks to human health and the environment.Consequently,there is a need for eco-friendly alterna-tives.This study evaluates the bio-efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae strain TMBMA1 against pink bollworm and assesses its compatibility with major insecticides.Additionally,to comprehend the dynam-ics of colonization and the infection processes of entomopathogenic fungi(EPF),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of infected larvae was carried out.Result We challenged the second instar PBW larvae to eight different concentrations(1×10^(3) to 1×10^(10) conidia mL^(-1))of an M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1.The highest mortality(100%)occurred at the higher concentrations i.e.,1×109 and 1×10^(10) spores mL^(-1),while the lowest mortality rate(46.6%)was observed at 1×10^(3) spores mL^(-1) con-centration compared to control(3.33%).TMBMA1’s biocontrol efficacy was validated by Probit analysis,exhibiting an exceptionally low median lethal concentration(LC50)value of 7.1×10^(5).The comparative evaluation revealed that the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 performed excellently with insecticide[Cypermethrin 10%(volume fraction)emulsifiable concentrate(EC)at 1 mL·L^(-1) water]giving 100%mortality,both being superior to a commercial prod-uct of M.anisopliae(60%).According to SEM analysis,the EPF strain was profusely colonized on both the internal and external surfaces of PBW larvae.Compatibility studies with insecticides revealed>98%and>96%reduction in the sporulation of M.anisopliae due to the treatment of Emamectin Benzoate 1.5%(mass fraction)+Profenofos 35%(mass fraction)water dispersible granules(WDG)and Profenofos 50%EC,respectively.In contrast,Cypermethrin 10%EC,Emamectin Benzoate 5%(mass fraction)Soluble Granules and Neem Seed Kernel Extract(NSKE)0.15%(volume fraction)treatments reported lower reduction(11.45%,13.79%and 21.21%respectively)in spore production.Conclusion According to the current investigations,the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 exhibits high virulence against PBW and offers a promising eco-friendly solution for managing this pest.It shows significant potential to pro-liferate on both external and internal surfaces of PBW.This strain can be integrated into PBW management programs with chemical insecticides,improving pest control and lessening environmental impact.展开更多
文摘对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有多态性的201对SSR标记,对3个环境的抗黄萎病性状进行基于混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)的全基因组关联分析,检测与抗病性状显著关联的位点、优异等位变异及优异典型材料。结果表明,3个环境下各材料的相对病指平均值为53.45,平均变异系数为36.85%,平均偏度系数为-0.46,平均峰度系数为-0.31;201对引物共产生394个等位变异位点,GWAS结果表明有11个位点能同时在2个环境中检测到,其中有2个位点NAU2437b和NAU3493b能同时在3个环境中检测到;结合育种实际,发掘出含有优异等位变异的典型材料7份,其中鲁棉研28同时含有9个优异等位变异;从各材料不同生态区来源分析,来源于黄河流域棉区的材料具有较低的平均表型效应。
文摘【目的】探究蔗糖在棉花抗黄萎病反应中的作用,分析编码糖最终输出转运蛋白(sugars will eventually be exported transporter,SWEET)基因Gh SWEET55的功能,为揭示棉花抗黄萎病的分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】采用伤根法对棉花接种黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae),通过分光光度法检测棉花根部的蔗糖含量变化;通过转录组测序获取差异表达基因;通过KEGG通路分析,研究差异表达基因的富集情况;通过转录组测序分析并结合实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)研究棉花SWEET基因的表达模式;运用生物信息学方法分析GhSWEET55蛋白序列特征和系统进化关系,并通过qRT-PCR分析其表达模式;利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术验证GhSWEET55基因的功能。【结果】黄萎病菌侵染后12 h和48 h,棉花根部蔗糖含量显著增加,在侵染后96 h棉花根部蔗糖含量显著降低。一些差异表达基因富集到蔗糖相关的能量代谢通路与防御反应通路。SWEET基因家族多数成员存在差异表达,其中类Ⅲ成员GhSWEET55基因显著上调表达。GhSWEET55基因在棉花叶中表达量最高,编码蛋白定位于质膜。沉默GhSWEET55基因后,棉花对黄萎病的抗病性提高。【结论】蔗糖参与棉花抗黄萎病反应。SWEET基因家族响应黄萎病菌的侵染。GhSWEET55负调控棉花对黄萎病菌的抗病性。
文摘Background The pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella,PBW)is a major cotton pest,causing economic losses by damaging seeds and fiber.Cotton growers typically use systemic and broad-spectrum insecticides for its manage-ment,which pose risks to human health and the environment.Consequently,there is a need for eco-friendly alterna-tives.This study evaluates the bio-efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae strain TMBMA1 against pink bollworm and assesses its compatibility with major insecticides.Additionally,to comprehend the dynam-ics of colonization and the infection processes of entomopathogenic fungi(EPF),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of infected larvae was carried out.Result We challenged the second instar PBW larvae to eight different concentrations(1×10^(3) to 1×10^(10) conidia mL^(-1))of an M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1.The highest mortality(100%)occurred at the higher concentrations i.e.,1×109 and 1×10^(10) spores mL^(-1),while the lowest mortality rate(46.6%)was observed at 1×10^(3) spores mL^(-1) con-centration compared to control(3.33%).TMBMA1’s biocontrol efficacy was validated by Probit analysis,exhibiting an exceptionally low median lethal concentration(LC50)value of 7.1×10^(5).The comparative evaluation revealed that the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 performed excellently with insecticide[Cypermethrin 10%(volume fraction)emulsifiable concentrate(EC)at 1 mL·L^(-1) water]giving 100%mortality,both being superior to a commercial prod-uct of M.anisopliae(60%).According to SEM analysis,the EPF strain was profusely colonized on both the internal and external surfaces of PBW larvae.Compatibility studies with insecticides revealed>98%and>96%reduction in the sporulation of M.anisopliae due to the treatment of Emamectin Benzoate 1.5%(mass fraction)+Profenofos 35%(mass fraction)water dispersible granules(WDG)and Profenofos 50%EC,respectively.In contrast,Cypermethrin 10%EC,Emamectin Benzoate 5%(mass fraction)Soluble Granules and Neem Seed Kernel Extract(NSKE)0.15%(volume fraction)treatments reported lower reduction(11.45%,13.79%and 21.21%respectively)in spore production.Conclusion According to the current investigations,the M.anisopliae strain TMBMA1 exhibits high virulence against PBW and offers a promising eco-friendly solution for managing this pest.It shows significant potential to pro-liferate on both external and internal surfaces of PBW.This strain can be integrated into PBW management programs with chemical insecticides,improving pest control and lessening environmental impact.
