The apoplast is a critical interface where plants and pathogens engage in biochemical confrontation.Within this shared extracellular space,plant defense responses provoke countermeasures from pathogens.We introduce ap...The apoplast is a critical interface where plants and pathogens engage in biochemical confrontation.Within this shared extracellular space,plant defense responses provoke countermeasures from pathogens.We introduce apoplastic interactive balance(AIB),a framework depicting the dynamic equilibrium that emerges from these interactions.AIB emphasizes that system-level functional stability arises from both balanced and divergent molecular strategies,with transient imbalances driving coevolutionary refinement.These interactions are classified into four modules:metabolites,proteins,small peptides,and extracellular vesicles(EVs).Across these modules,plants and pathogens deploy parallel molecular tactics shaped by adaptive coevolution.This conceptual view provides a foundation for hypothesis generation,comparative analysis among species,and the design of rational immune strategies.展开更多
Botrytis cinerea is a major necrotrophic pathogen responsible for significant crop losses worldwide.Alternative strategies to control B.cinerea are urgently needed to reduce dependence on chemical fungicides,which are...Botrytis cinerea is a major necrotrophic pathogen responsible for significant crop losses worldwide.Alternative strategies to control B.cinerea are urgently needed to reduce dependence on chemical fungicides,which are increasingly ineffective due to resistance and pose environmental risks.In this study,we identified two immunogenic epitopes derived from the B.cinerea cell death-inducing protein BcCrh1 and used them to engineer disease-resistant plants through a novel,spatially compartmentalized dual-epitope immune activation strategy.The first epitope is derived from a 35-amino acid intracellular peptide that exhibits both immunogenicity and cell death-inducing activity,which was mutated to separate these two properties.The second peptide represents an immunogenic portion of the protein that activates extracellular plant immunity.Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that these epitopes trigger complementary defense pathways,and their co-expression integrates these responses into a robust,multilayered immunity,providing significantly enhanced protection compared with individual expression.Although constitutive expression of two epitopes conferred resistance,it also led to growth penalties.In contrast,pathogen-inducible expression of two epitopes preserved normal plant development while maintaining strong resistance to both B.cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis and tomato.This inducible strategy offers a major advantage by minimizing fitness costs while maximizing protection,highlighting the potential of spatially and temporally targeted epitope-based immune activation for durable and sustainable crop protection.展开更多
近日,中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所甘蔗研究中心逆境生物学研究团队联合美国南卡罗来纳大学生物科学研究团队在植物免疫受体高通量鉴定和精准设计方面发表热点评论。深入评述了日本理化学研究所Ken Shirasu教授团队在《Scienc...近日,中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所甘蔗研究中心逆境生物学研究团队联合美国南卡罗来纳大学生物科学研究团队在植物免疫受体高通量鉴定和精准设计方面发表热点评论。深入评述了日本理化学研究所Ken Shirasu教授团队在《Science》发表的题为“Systematic discovery and engineering of synthetic immune receptors in plants”的研究工作。评述指出该研究系统性地发掘并成功改造植物免疫受体,揭示了一条独立进化、能够感知细菌冷休克蛋白(cold shock protein,CSP)的新型免疫信号通路,为经济作物的抗病育种提供了全新且极具前景的策略。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272557 and 32072500)the Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022ZD23 and ZR2024ZD07)+4 种基金the Shandong Province Key Research and Development Plan(2024CXGC010908 and 2024LZGCQY009)the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(tstp20221117)the Zaozhuang Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project(2023GH12)the Science and Technology Innovation Guidance Project of the Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(NKYG-25-21)the"First Class Discipline"Construction Project of Shandong Agricultural University(811).
文摘The apoplast is a critical interface where plants and pathogens engage in biochemical confrontation.Within this shared extracellular space,plant defense responses provoke countermeasures from pathogens.We introduce apoplastic interactive balance(AIB),a framework depicting the dynamic equilibrium that emerges from these interactions.AIB emphasizes that system-level functional stability arises from both balanced and divergent molecular strategies,with transient imbalances driving coevolutionary refinement.These interactions are classified into four modules:metabolites,proteins,small peptides,and extracellular vesicles(EVs).Across these modules,plants and pathogens deploy parallel molecular tactics shaped by adaptive coevolution.This conceptual view provides a foundation for hypothesis generation,comparative analysis among species,and the design of rational immune strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32372514)the Research and Innovation Initiatives of WHPU(grant no.2024J02)+1 种基金Y.L.(202108280009)was funded by the China Scholarship Councilsupported by BARD(grant no.5261-20C)to A.S and T.M.
文摘Botrytis cinerea is a major necrotrophic pathogen responsible for significant crop losses worldwide.Alternative strategies to control B.cinerea are urgently needed to reduce dependence on chemical fungicides,which are increasingly ineffective due to resistance and pose environmental risks.In this study,we identified two immunogenic epitopes derived from the B.cinerea cell death-inducing protein BcCrh1 and used them to engineer disease-resistant plants through a novel,spatially compartmentalized dual-epitope immune activation strategy.The first epitope is derived from a 35-amino acid intracellular peptide that exhibits both immunogenicity and cell death-inducing activity,which was mutated to separate these two properties.The second peptide represents an immunogenic portion of the protein that activates extracellular plant immunity.Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that these epitopes trigger complementary defense pathways,and their co-expression integrates these responses into a robust,multilayered immunity,providing significantly enhanced protection compared with individual expression.Although constitutive expression of two epitopes conferred resistance,it also led to growth penalties.In contrast,pathogen-inducible expression of two epitopes preserved normal plant development while maintaining strong resistance to both B.cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis and tomato.This inducible strategy offers a major advantage by minimizing fitness costs while maximizing protection,highlighting the potential of spatially and temporally targeted epitope-based immune activation for durable and sustainable crop protection.
文摘近日,中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所甘蔗研究中心逆境生物学研究团队联合美国南卡罗来纳大学生物科学研究团队在植物免疫受体高通量鉴定和精准设计方面发表热点评论。深入评述了日本理化学研究所Ken Shirasu教授团队在《Science》发表的题为“Systematic discovery and engineering of synthetic immune receptors in plants”的研究工作。评述指出该研究系统性地发掘并成功改造植物免疫受体,揭示了一条独立进化、能够感知细菌冷休克蛋白(cold shock protein,CSP)的新型免疫信号通路,为经济作物的抗病育种提供了全新且极具前景的策略。
