Microbe-based soil inoculants offer a promising approach to sustainable agriculture by reducing reliance on agrochemicals and minimizing environmental damages.The heavy use of chemicals in conventional agriculture pos...Microbe-based soil inoculants offer a promising approach to sustainable agriculture by reducing reliance on agrochemicals and minimizing environmental damages.The heavy use of chemicals in conventional agriculture poses significant challenges to crop production and environmental health.This review explores the integration of microbe-based inoculants,strigolactones(SLs),and nanotechnology to enhance agricultural sustainability.Nanobiofertilizers containing nanoparticles such as Ag,Zn,Fe,ZnO,TiO_(2),SiO_(2),and MgO can provide essential crop protection,while algae species like Chlorella spp.,Arthrospira spp.,and Dunaliella spp.serve as promising biostimulants and biofertilizers.Additionally,plant growth-promoting microorganisms such as Rhizobium,Azotobacter,Azospirillum,Pseudomonas,Bacillus,and Trichoderma,alongside synthetic SLs like GR24,contribute to improving crop yield and stress tolerance.Strigolactone signaling pathways have also been explored for their roles in plant growth and resilience.Recent innovations in biofertilizer research,particularly in genomics,transcriptomics,and metabolomics,have advanced our understanding of plant-microbe interactions.These omics-based technologies help develop tailored biofertilizer formulations suited to specific crops,soils,and environmental conditions.The combination of biofertilizers,nanoparticles,and SLs fosters nutrient uptake,enhances stress tolerance,and promotes overall plant growth.Case studies from various agroecosystems show that biofertilizers can improve soil health,boost crop yields,reduce chemical fertilizer dependency,and lower environmental impacts.With precision farming,biofertilizers offer sustainable solutions to various challenges,including climate change,soil degradation,and food security.This review discusses the mechanisms by which GR24,nanoparticle,and microbe-based biofertilizers benefit plants,emphasizing their potential for sustainable agriculture and future challenges.展开更多
The escalating global demand for sustainable agriculture necessitates the development of effective biological alternatives to conventional chemical fertilizers,particularly those addressing phosphorus(P)use efficiency...The escalating global demand for sustainable agriculture necessitates the development of effective biological alternatives to conventional chemical fertilizers,particularly those addressing phosphorus(P)use efficiency.This study focused on the isolation and detailed characterization of phosphate-solubilizing fungi from soil or compost to evaluate their impact and potential for use as biofertilizers.Fungal isolation was performed using serial dilution from various sources,followed by molecular and morphological characterization to identify promising strains.Four strains were ultimately selected and identified using morphological,biochemical,and molecular techniques:Aspergillus flavus(CM1),Penicillium crustosum(C3),Penicillium fellutanum(C4),and Metarhizium robertsii(J1).The most active strain was initially tested in liquid and solid media supplemented with synthetic P(Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2))and was evaluated by measuring fungal biomass and P titration.This strain demonstrated good growth and activity,supporting an optimal temperature of 25℃,a pH of 3,an ammonium concentration of 1.5 g/L,and a glucose addition of 25.0 g/L.The biofertilization potential of the selected strains was then comprehensively evaluated through controlled experiments,including the optimization of growing conditions,quanti fication of soluble P under hermetic storage in soil,and measurement of soil fungal populations to assess their impact.P transformation experiments conducted in hermetic jars showed that CM1 had the highest CO_(2) release(approximately 7115.30 mg CO_(2)/100 g soil)and the highest soluble P levels at the final sampling time(78.85 mg/L),thus outperforming the other strains.Furthermore,in soil hermetic jars,CM1(reaching up to 26×10^(4) CFU(colony forming units)/g soil)and C4 significantly enhanced soil microbial activity and P bioavailability.These results clearly highlight the potential of the selected fungal strains as biofertilizers to improve P availability and boost crop productivity in P-deficient soils.展开更多
基金Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University),IndiaGraphic Era(Deemed to be University),India+1 种基金Bankura Sammilani College,IndiaRaiganj University,India for their support。
文摘Microbe-based soil inoculants offer a promising approach to sustainable agriculture by reducing reliance on agrochemicals and minimizing environmental damages.The heavy use of chemicals in conventional agriculture poses significant challenges to crop production and environmental health.This review explores the integration of microbe-based inoculants,strigolactones(SLs),and nanotechnology to enhance agricultural sustainability.Nanobiofertilizers containing nanoparticles such as Ag,Zn,Fe,ZnO,TiO_(2),SiO_(2),and MgO can provide essential crop protection,while algae species like Chlorella spp.,Arthrospira spp.,and Dunaliella spp.serve as promising biostimulants and biofertilizers.Additionally,plant growth-promoting microorganisms such as Rhizobium,Azotobacter,Azospirillum,Pseudomonas,Bacillus,and Trichoderma,alongside synthetic SLs like GR24,contribute to improving crop yield and stress tolerance.Strigolactone signaling pathways have also been explored for their roles in plant growth and resilience.Recent innovations in biofertilizer research,particularly in genomics,transcriptomics,and metabolomics,have advanced our understanding of plant-microbe interactions.These omics-based technologies help develop tailored biofertilizer formulations suited to specific crops,soils,and environmental conditions.The combination of biofertilizers,nanoparticles,and SLs fosters nutrient uptake,enhances stress tolerance,and promotes overall plant growth.Case studies from various agroecosystems show that biofertilizers can improve soil health,boost crop yields,reduce chemical fertilizer dependency,and lower environmental impacts.With precision farming,biofertilizers offer sustainable solutions to various challenges,including climate change,soil degradation,and food security.This review discusses the mechanisms by which GR24,nanoparticle,and microbe-based biofertilizers benefit plants,emphasizing their potential for sustainable agriculture and future challenges.
基金supported by the team at the Laboratory of Mycology,Pathologies and Biomarkers,Faculty of Sciences of Tunis,University Tunis El Manar,Tunisa.
文摘The escalating global demand for sustainable agriculture necessitates the development of effective biological alternatives to conventional chemical fertilizers,particularly those addressing phosphorus(P)use efficiency.This study focused on the isolation and detailed characterization of phosphate-solubilizing fungi from soil or compost to evaluate their impact and potential for use as biofertilizers.Fungal isolation was performed using serial dilution from various sources,followed by molecular and morphological characterization to identify promising strains.Four strains were ultimately selected and identified using morphological,biochemical,and molecular techniques:Aspergillus flavus(CM1),Penicillium crustosum(C3),Penicillium fellutanum(C4),and Metarhizium robertsii(J1).The most active strain was initially tested in liquid and solid media supplemented with synthetic P(Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2))and was evaluated by measuring fungal biomass and P titration.This strain demonstrated good growth and activity,supporting an optimal temperature of 25℃,a pH of 3,an ammonium concentration of 1.5 g/L,and a glucose addition of 25.0 g/L.The biofertilization potential of the selected strains was then comprehensively evaluated through controlled experiments,including the optimization of growing conditions,quanti fication of soluble P under hermetic storage in soil,and measurement of soil fungal populations to assess their impact.P transformation experiments conducted in hermetic jars showed that CM1 had the highest CO_(2) release(approximately 7115.30 mg CO_(2)/100 g soil)and the highest soluble P levels at the final sampling time(78.85 mg/L),thus outperforming the other strains.Furthermore,in soil hermetic jars,CM1(reaching up to 26×10^(4) CFU(colony forming units)/g soil)and C4 significantly enhanced soil microbial activity and P bioavailability.These results clearly highlight the potential of the selected fungal strains as biofertilizers to improve P availability and boost crop productivity in P-deficient soils.
