As part of its efforts to promote a sustainable and high-quality development,China has pledged to reduce water consumption and create a water-efficient society.On the basis of identifying the institutional root causes...As part of its efforts to promote a sustainable and high-quality development,China has pledged to reduce water consumption and create a water-efficient society.On the basis of identifying the institutional root causes of excessive capital allocation and excessive water consumption in China’s water-intensive industrial sectors,this study elaborates how the national water-efficient cities assessment contributes to optimized capital allocation.Our research shows that national water-efficient cities assessment has motivated local governments to compete for water efficiency.To conserve water,local governments regulated the entry and exit of water-intensive enterprises,discouraged excessive investments in water-intensive sectors,and phased out obsolete water-intensive capacities within their jurisdictions.This approach has resulted in mutually beneficial outcomes,including improved allocation of capital,enhanced water efficiency,and reduced emissions.This paper offers policy recommendations for establishing a water-efficient society throughout the 14^(th) Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)period by presenting empirical evidence on the policy effects of resource efficiency evaluation.展开更多
目的分析CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Regulatory T cell,Treg)在类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA)及骨关节炎(Osteoarthritis,OA)患者外周血和关节液中含量的变化,探讨其在RA中可能的意义。方法以肝素抗凝负压采血管分别抽取36...目的分析CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Regulatory T cell,Treg)在类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA)及骨关节炎(Osteoarthritis,OA)患者外周血和关节液中含量的变化,探讨其在RA中可能的意义。方法以肝素抗凝负压采血管分别抽取36例RA患者、30例OA患者和33名健康人外周静脉血,常规关节穿刺术抽取RA和OA患者膝关节腔积液,采用流式细胞术分别检测CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞的百分含量。结果 RA组外周血中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞的百分含量显著低于OA组和健康对照组(P<0.05),OA组与健康对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);RA组关节液中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞的百分含量显著高于OA组(P<0.01);RA组和OA组关节液中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞的百分含量均显著高于自身外周血(P<0.01)。结论 CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞在RA患者中的负性调控作用降低,可能是促进疾病发生发展的一个不可缺少的因素,但在关节液中,可能更主要是表现为炎症发生后的继发性反应。展开更多
基金Sponsorship of the Outstanding Youth Innovation Team Development Program for Institutes of Higher Learning in Shandong Province(2021RW008)the Youth Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021QG048).
文摘As part of its efforts to promote a sustainable and high-quality development,China has pledged to reduce water consumption and create a water-efficient society.On the basis of identifying the institutional root causes of excessive capital allocation and excessive water consumption in China’s water-intensive industrial sectors,this study elaborates how the national water-efficient cities assessment contributes to optimized capital allocation.Our research shows that national water-efficient cities assessment has motivated local governments to compete for water efficiency.To conserve water,local governments regulated the entry and exit of water-intensive enterprises,discouraged excessive investments in water-intensive sectors,and phased out obsolete water-intensive capacities within their jurisdictions.This approach has resulted in mutually beneficial outcomes,including improved allocation of capital,enhanced water efficiency,and reduced emissions.This paper offers policy recommendations for establishing a water-efficient society throughout the 14^(th) Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)period by presenting empirical evidence on the policy effects of resource efficiency evaluation.
