The African Great Green Wall Initiative(GGWI)is an ambitious transcontinental program aimed at halting desertification,restoring degraded lands,and improving livelihoods across the Sahel region.Despite its transformat...The African Great Green Wall Initiative(GGWI)is an ambitious transcontinental program aimed at halting desertification,restoring degraded lands,and improving livelihoods across the Sahel region.Despite its transformative vision,the initiative has encountered technical,financial,and governance challenges.In recent years,China’s involvement-drawing from its extensive experience with the Three-North Shelterbelt Program and integrated desertification control-has introduced a new model of South-South cooperation.Through adaptive technologies,capacity building,and co-developed community-based strategies in Mauritania,Ethiopia,and Nigeria,Chinese partners have provided tangible contributions to Africa’s ecological restoration.This article documents these collaborative stories and argues that China’s ecological governance framework is shaping a new paradigm for global environmental development.展开更多
Soil loss due to crop harvesting （SLCH） is a soil erosion process that signiifcantly contributes to soil degradation in crop-lands. However, little is known about soil nutrient losses caused by SLCH and its environm...Soil loss due to crop harvesting （SLCH） is a soil erosion process that signiifcantly contributes to soil degradation in crop-lands. However, little is known about soil nutrient losses caused by SLCH and its environmental impacts. In the North China Plain area, we measured the losses of soil organic carbon （SOC） and nitrogen as wel as phosphorus due to SLCH and assessed their relationship with soil particle size composition, agronomic practices and soil moisture content. Our results show that the losses by harvesting potato of SOC, total nitrogen （TN）, available nitrogen （AN）, available phosphorus （AP） and total phosphorus （TP） were 1.7, 1.8, 1.8, 15.9 and 14.1 times compared by harvesting sweet potato, respectively. The variation of SOC, N and P loss by SLCH are mainly explained by the variation of plant density （PD） （17–50%）, net mass of an individual tuber （Mcrop/p） （16–74%）, soil clay content （34–70%） and water content （19–46%）. Taking into account the current sewage treatment system and the ratio of the nutrients adhering to the tubers during transportation from the ifeld （NTRP/SP）, the loss of TN and TP by harvesting of potato and sweet potato in the North China Plain area amounts to 3% N and 20% P loads in the water bodies of this region. The fate of the exported N and P in the sewage treatment system ultimately controls the contribution of N and P to the polution of lakes and rivers. Our results suggest that a large amount of SLCH-induced soil nutrient export during transportation from the ifeld is a potential polutant source for agricultural water for vast planting areas of tuber crops in China, and should not be overlooked.展开更多
In recent years, there has been increasing research interests in differentiating the relative importance of climate factors and human activities in impacting vegetation dynamics. In this study, based on residual trend...In recent years, there has been increasing research interests in differentiating the relative importance of climate factors and human activities in impacting vegetation dynamics. In this study, based on residual trend method, we used MOD13A3（MODIS vegetation index product）, MCD12Q1（MODIS land cover product） and meteorological datasets to differentiate the relative importance of climate factors and human activities in impacting vegetation dynamics during 2000–2015 in the Otindag Sandy Land, northern China. Results show that during the study period（2000–2015）, the overall vegetation condition had improved in the Otindag Sandy Land. The driving forces of vegetation dynamics differed spatially in the whole study area over the study period. The area with vegetation degradation solely resulted from human activities accounted for 8.23% of the study area, while the area with vegetation degradation resulted from others（including climate factors and combination of climate factors and human activities） occupied 1.53%. The area with vegetation recovery benefitted from human activities occurred over 26.02% of the study area; the area benefitted from climate factors accounted for 23.69%; and the area benefitted from both climate factors and human activities occupied 37.74%. All in all, impacts of climate factors and human activities on vegetation dynamics varied at the county/city/banner scales and locality-specific measures should be adopted to protect the environments.展开更多
As the first satellite of the China national geophysical field observation series of stllite missions,the China Seismo--Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES)was designed upon an optimized CAST2000 platform for a sun synchro...As the first satellite of the China national geophysical field observation series of stllite missions,the China Seismo--Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES)was designed upon an optimized CAST2000 platform for a sun synchronous orbit.Onboard CSES,there are total eight types of scientific payloads including the Search-coil Magnetometer,Electric Field Detector,High Precision Magnetometer,GNSS Occupation Receiver,Plasma Analyzer,Langmuir Probe,Energetic Particle Detector Package,and a Three-band Transmitter to individually acquire the global eletromagnetic field,elec-tromagnetic waves,ionospheric plasma parameters as well as energetic particles.Up to now,CSES has been operating normally in orbit for 2 years.By using the various sensor data acquired by CSES,we have achieved scientfic research in the areas of the global geomagnetic field modeling,space weather,earthquake event analysis,the Lithosphere-Atmo-sphere-lonosphere coupling mechanism and so on..展开更多
文摘The African Great Green Wall Initiative(GGWI)is an ambitious transcontinental program aimed at halting desertification,restoring degraded lands,and improving livelihoods across the Sahel region.Despite its transformative vision,the initiative has encountered technical,financial,and governance challenges.In recent years,China’s involvement-drawing from its extensive experience with the Three-North Shelterbelt Program and integrated desertification control-has introduced a new model of South-South cooperation.Through adaptive technologies,capacity building,and co-developed community-based strategies in Mauritania,Ethiopia,and Nigeria,Chinese partners have provided tangible contributions to Africa’s ecological restoration.This article documents these collaborative stories and argues that China’s ecological governance framework is shaping a new paradigm for global environmental development.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31000944 and 41171231)the International Atomic Energy Agency,Vienna(18176 and 17908)+1 种基金the State Level Public Welfare Institute Basic Scientific Research Project of China(BSRF201407)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-year Plan period(2013BAD11B03)for financial supports
文摘Soil loss due to crop harvesting （SLCH） is a soil erosion process that signiifcantly contributes to soil degradation in crop-lands. However, little is known about soil nutrient losses caused by SLCH and its environmental impacts. In the North China Plain area, we measured the losses of soil organic carbon （SOC） and nitrogen as wel as phosphorus due to SLCH and assessed their relationship with soil particle size composition, agronomic practices and soil moisture content. Our results show that the losses by harvesting potato of SOC, total nitrogen （TN）, available nitrogen （AN）, available phosphorus （AP） and total phosphorus （TP） were 1.7, 1.8, 1.8, 15.9 and 14.1 times compared by harvesting sweet potato, respectively. The variation of SOC, N and P loss by SLCH are mainly explained by the variation of plant density （PD） （17–50%）, net mass of an individual tuber （Mcrop/p） （16–74%）, soil clay content （34–70%） and water content （19–46%）. Taking into account the current sewage treatment system and the ratio of the nutrients adhering to the tubers during transportation from the ifeld （NTRP/SP）, the loss of TN and TP by harvesting of potato and sweet potato in the North China Plain area amounts to 3% N and 20% P loads in the water bodies of this region. The fate of the exported N and P in the sewage treatment system ultimately controls the contribution of N and P to the polution of lakes and rivers. Our results suggest that a large amount of SLCH-induced soil nutrient export during transportation from the ifeld is a potential polutant source for agricultural water for vast planting areas of tuber crops in China, and should not be overlooked.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0601900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41401006)
文摘In recent years, there has been increasing research interests in differentiating the relative importance of climate factors and human activities in impacting vegetation dynamics. In this study, based on residual trend method, we used MOD13A3（MODIS vegetation index product）, MCD12Q1（MODIS land cover product） and meteorological datasets to differentiate the relative importance of climate factors and human activities in impacting vegetation dynamics during 2000–2015 in the Otindag Sandy Land, northern China. Results show that during the study period（2000–2015）, the overall vegetation condition had improved in the Otindag Sandy Land. The driving forces of vegetation dynamics differed spatially in the whole study area over the study period. The area with vegetation degradation solely resulted from human activities accounted for 8.23% of the study area, while the area with vegetation degradation resulted from others（including climate factors and combination of climate factors and human activities） occupied 1.53%. The area with vegetation recovery benefitted from human activities occurred over 26.02% of the study area; the area benefitted from climate factors accounted for 23.69%; and the area benefitted from both climate factors and human activities occupied 37.74%. All in all, impacts of climate factors and human activities on vegetation dynamics varied at the county/city/banner scales and locality-specific measures should be adopted to protect the environments.
基金This work made use of the data from CSES mission(ttp://www.leos.ac.cn/).a project funded by China National Space Adminitration(CNSA)and China Earth-quake Administration(CEA)This scientific application of CSES data in this paper is supported by the National Key R&D Pro-gram of China(Grant No.2018YFC 1503500)the APSCO Earthquake Research Project Phase II and ISSI-BJ(IT2019-33)project.
文摘As the first satellite of the China national geophysical field observation series of stllite missions,the China Seismo--Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES)was designed upon an optimized CAST2000 platform for a sun synchronous orbit.Onboard CSES,there are total eight types of scientific payloads including the Search-coil Magnetometer,Electric Field Detector,High Precision Magnetometer,GNSS Occupation Receiver,Plasma Analyzer,Langmuir Probe,Energetic Particle Detector Package,and a Three-band Transmitter to individually acquire the global eletromagnetic field,elec-tromagnetic waves,ionospheric plasma parameters as well as energetic particles.Up to now,CSES has been operating normally in orbit for 2 years.By using the various sensor data acquired by CSES,we have achieved scientfic research in the areas of the global geomagnetic field modeling,space weather,earthquake event analysis,the Lithosphere-Atmo-sphere-lonosphere coupling mechanism and so on..
