To improve the energy efficiency of a direct expansion air conditioning(DX A/C) system while guaranteeing occupancy comfort, a hierarchical controller for a DX A/C system with uncertain parameters is proposed. The con...To improve the energy efficiency of a direct expansion air conditioning(DX A/C) system while guaranteeing occupancy comfort, a hierarchical controller for a DX A/C system with uncertain parameters is proposed. The control strategy consists of an open loop optimization controller and a closed-loop guaranteed cost periodically intermittent-switch controller(GCPISC). The error dynamics system of the closed-loop control is modelled based on the GCPISC principle. The difference,compared to the previous DX A/C system control methods, is that the controller designed in this paper performs control at discrete times. For the ease of designing the controller, a series of matrix inequalities are derived to be the sufficient conditions of the lower-layer closed-loop GCPISC controller. In this way, the DX A/C system output is derived to follow the optimal references obtained through the upper-layer open loop controller in exponential time, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved. Moreover, a static optimization problem is addressed for obtaining an optimal GCPISC law to ensure a minimum upper bound on the DX A/C system performance considering energy efficiency and output tracking error. The advantages of the designed hierarchical controller for a DX A/C system with uncertain parameters are demonstrated through some simulation results.展开更多
In this study,Lactobacillus plantarum LP104(LP104)originating from kimchi was treated to C57BL/6N mice fed a chronic-plus-single-binge ethanol diet for ten days,aiming to evaluate the effects of the probiotics on inte...In this study,Lactobacillus plantarum LP104(LP104)originating from kimchi was treated to C57BL/6N mice fed a chronic-plus-single-binge ethanol diet for ten days,aiming to evaluate the effects of the probiotics on intestinal and brain inflammation in the alcohol-induced liver injury model.Dietary supplementation with LP104 significantly reduced the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in alcoholic hepatic injury mice.The 16S rDNA sequencing results inferred that LP104 modulated the intestinal microbiota by depleting inflammation-related bacterial genera Proteobacteria and enriching Lactobacillus and Roseburia.Furthermore,LP104 intervention attenuated alcohol-induced gut inflammation by the TLR4 signaling pathway,which regulated the expressions of intestinal tight junction proteins such as ZO-1,Claudin-1 and Occludin.Subsequently,LP104 intake exerted neuroprotection by restoring neurotrophic factor levels and the blood-brain barrier(BBB)function to decrease lipopolysaccharide(LPS)levels in the serum.The western blotting results suggested LP104 ameliorated alcohol-induced brain inflammation by inhibiting the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway in mice.Spearman’s correlation analysis demonstrated that differential intestinal bacterial taxa were connected with the expressions of inflammation-related proteins in both gut and brain of alcohol liver injury mice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61773220,61876192,61907021)the National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei(ZRMS2019000752)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662018QD057,CZT20022,CZT20020)Academic Team in Universities(KTZ20051)School Talent Funds(YZZ19004)。
文摘To improve the energy efficiency of a direct expansion air conditioning(DX A/C) system while guaranteeing occupancy comfort, a hierarchical controller for a DX A/C system with uncertain parameters is proposed. The control strategy consists of an open loop optimization controller and a closed-loop guaranteed cost periodically intermittent-switch controller(GCPISC). The error dynamics system of the closed-loop control is modelled based on the GCPISC principle. The difference,compared to the previous DX A/C system control methods, is that the controller designed in this paper performs control at discrete times. For the ease of designing the controller, a series of matrix inequalities are derived to be the sufficient conditions of the lower-layer closed-loop GCPISC controller. In this way, the DX A/C system output is derived to follow the optimal references obtained through the upper-layer open loop controller in exponential time, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved. Moreover, a static optimization problem is addressed for obtaining an optimal GCPISC law to ensure a minimum upper bound on the DX A/C system performance considering energy efficiency and output tracking error. The advantages of the designed hierarchical controller for a DX A/C system with uncertain parameters are demonstrated through some simulation results.
基金supported by the Jilin Province Science and Technology Plan Project(20230402032 GH).
文摘In this study,Lactobacillus plantarum LP104(LP104)originating from kimchi was treated to C57BL/6N mice fed a chronic-plus-single-binge ethanol diet for ten days,aiming to evaluate the effects of the probiotics on intestinal and brain inflammation in the alcohol-induced liver injury model.Dietary supplementation with LP104 significantly reduced the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in alcoholic hepatic injury mice.The 16S rDNA sequencing results inferred that LP104 modulated the intestinal microbiota by depleting inflammation-related bacterial genera Proteobacteria and enriching Lactobacillus and Roseburia.Furthermore,LP104 intervention attenuated alcohol-induced gut inflammation by the TLR4 signaling pathway,which regulated the expressions of intestinal tight junction proteins such as ZO-1,Claudin-1 and Occludin.Subsequently,LP104 intake exerted neuroprotection by restoring neurotrophic factor levels and the blood-brain barrier(BBB)function to decrease lipopolysaccharide(LPS)levels in the serum.The western blotting results suggested LP104 ameliorated alcohol-induced brain inflammation by inhibiting the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway in mice.Spearman’s correlation analysis demonstrated that differential intestinal bacterial taxa were connected with the expressions of inflammation-related proteins in both gut and brain of alcohol liver injury mice.
