We propose a strategy to reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies in Chinese patients with total prostate-specific antigen(tPSA)>10 ng ml−1 and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)scores between 1 and 3....We propose a strategy to reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies in Chinese patients with total prostate-specific antigen(tPSA)>10 ng ml−1 and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)scores between 1 and 3.Clinical data derived from 517 patients of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Hefei,China)from January 2020 to December 2023 who met the screening criteria for the study were retrospectively collected.Independent predictors were identified via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.The diagnostic capacity of clinical variables was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and area under the curve(AUC).A prostate biopsy strategy was developed via risk stratification.Of the 517 patients,17/348(4.9%)with PI-RADS 1–2 were diagnosed with clinically significant prostate cancer(csPCa),and 27/169(16.0%)patients with PI-RADS 3 were diagnosed with csPCa.The appropriate prostate-specific antigen density(PSAD)cut-off values were 0.45 ng ml−2 for PI-RADS 1–2 patients and 0.3 ng ml−2 for PI-RADS 3 patients.The appropriate prostate volume(PV)cut-off values were 40 ml for PI-RADS 1–2 patients and 50 ml for PI-RADS 3 patients.The prostate biopsy strategy based on PSAD and PV developed in this study can reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies in patients with tPSA>10 ng ml−1 and PI-RADS 1–3.In the study,66.5%(344/517)patients did not need to undergo prostate biopsy,at the expense of missing only 1.7%(6/344)patients with csPCa.展开更多
AIM:To study the clinical outcome of antiviral therapy in hepatitis B-related decompensated cirrhotic patients.METHODS:Three hundred and twelve patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis were evaluated in a pro...AIM:To study the clinical outcome of antiviral therapy in hepatitis B-related decompensated cirrhotic patients.METHODS:Three hundred and twelve patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis were evaluated in a prospective cohort.With two years of follow-up,198patients in the group receiving antiviral therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues and 39 patients in the control group without antiviral treatment were analysed.RESULTS:Among the antiviral treatment patients,162had a complete virological response(CVR),and 36 were drug-resistant(DR).The two-year cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in the DR patients(30.6%)was significantly higher than that in both the CVR patients(4.3%)and the control group(10.3%)(P<0.001).Among the DR patients in particular,the incidence of HCC was 55.6%(5/9)in those who failed rescue therapy,which was extremely high.The rtA181T mutation was closely associated with rescue therapy failure(P=0.006).The Child-Pugh scores of the CVR group were significantly decreased compared with the baseline(8.9±2.3 vs 6.0±1.3,P=0.043).CONCLUSION:This study showed that antiviral drug resistance increased the risk of HCC in decompensated hepatitis B-related cirrhotic patients,especially in those who failed rescue therapy.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is the fifth most diagnosed cancer and the third leading causeof cancer-related death worldwide.Although progress has been made in diagnosis,surgical resection,systemic chemotherapy,and immunotherapy...Gastric cancer(GC)is the fifth most diagnosed cancer and the third leading causeof cancer-related death worldwide.Although progress has been made in diagnosis,surgical resection,systemic chemotherapy,and immunotherapy,patientswith GC still have a poor prognosis.The overall 5-year survival rate in patientswith advanced GC is less than 5%.The FOXO subfamily,of the forkhead boxfamily of transcription factors,consists of four members,FOXO1,FOXO3,FOXO4,and FOXO6.This subfamily plays an important role in many cellular processes,such as cell cycle,cell growth,apoptosis,autophagy,stress resistance,protectionfrom aggregate toxicity,DNA repair,tumor suppression,and metabolism,in bothnormal tissue and malignant tumors.Various studies support a role for FOXOs astumor suppressors based on their ability to inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis,and promote apoptosis,yet several other studies have shown that FOXOs mightalso promote tumor progression in certain circumstances.To elucidate the diverseroles of FOXOs in GC,this article systematically reviews the cellular functions ofFOXOs in GC to determine potential therapeutic targets and treatment strategiesfor patients with GC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Over the past few years,research into the pathogenesis of colon cancer has progressed rapidly,and cuproptosis is an emerging mode of cellular apoptosis.Exploring the relationship between colon cancer and cu...BACKGROUND Over the past few years,research into the pathogenesis of colon cancer has progressed rapidly,and cuproptosis is an emerging mode of cellular apoptosis.Exploring the relationship between colon cancer and cuproptosis benefits in identifying novel biomarkers and even improving the outcome of the disease.AIM To look at the prognostic relationship between colon cancer and the genes associated with cuproptosis and the immune system in patients.The main purpose was to assess whether reasonable induction of these biomarkers reduces mortality among patients with colon cancers.METHOD Data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus and the Genotype-Tissue Expression were used in differential analysis to explore differential expression genes associated with cuproptosis and immune activation.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression algorithm was applied to build a cuproptosis-and immune-related combination model,and the model was utilized for principal component analysis and survival analysis to observe the survival and prognosis of the patients.A series of statistically meaningful transcriptional analysis results demonstrated an intrinsic relationship between cuproptosis and the micro-environment of colon cancer.RESULTS Once prognostic characteristics were obtained,the CDKN2A and DLAT genes related to cuproptosis were strongly linked to colon cancer:The first was a risk factor,whereas the second was a protective factor.The finding of the validation analysis showed that the comprehensive model associated with cuproptosis and immunity was statistically significant.Within the component expressions,the expressions of HSPA1A,CDKN2A,and UCN3 differed markedly.Transcription analysis primarily reflects the differential activation of related immune cells and pathways.Furthermore,genes linked to immune checkpoint inhibitors were expressed differently between the subgroups,which may reveal the mechanism of worse prognosis and the different sensitivities of chemotherapy.CONCLUSION The prognosis of the high-risk group evaluated in the combined model was poorer,and cuproptosis was highly correlated with the prognosis of colon cancer.It is possible that we may be able to improve patients’prognosis by regulating the gene expression to intervene the risk score.展开更多
Objective:To explore the bidirectional mechanism of Haizao Yuhu decoction(HYD)on goiter and drug-induced liver injury(DILI)based on machine learning and data mining.Methods:Firstly,compounds of HYD were selected from ...Objective:To explore the bidirectional mechanism of Haizao Yuhu decoction(HYD)on goiter and drug-induced liver injury(DILI)based on machine learning and data mining.Methods:Firstly,compounds of HYD were selected from the TCMSP,TCMIP,and BATMAN databases,then the TCMSP was used to acquire the targets of compounds.Targets of goiter and DILI were obtained from the GeneCards database.Secondly,common targets of“HYD-goiter”and“HYD-DILI”as well as related compounds were used to construct the networks and perform Random Walk with Restart(RWR)algorithm and network stability test.Finally,core targets in the“HYD-goiter”and“HYD-DILI”networks were used for molecular docking with core compounds and searched for validation on PubChem,and the relevant experimental data of our group were quoted to verify the analysis results.Results:There were 22 intersection targets of HYD and DILI,326 of HYD and goiter.RWR analysis showed that MAPK1,MAPK3,AKT1,etc.may be the core targets of HYD treating goiter,RELA,TNF,IL4,etc.may be the core targets of the bidirectional effect,and eckol may be the core compound in bidirectional effect.Network stability test indicated that the HYD had a high stability on treating goiter and playing a bidirectional effect.The core targets and core compounds docked well,and 37.3%of targets had been confirmed by experiments and 29.8%core targets had been confirmed.Our previous experimental result confirmed that the HYD could treat goiter usefully by reducing the expression levels of PI3K and AKT mRNA,and down-regulating the expression of Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 mRNA.Conclusion:HYD containing“sargassum-liquorice”combination may have a bidirectional effect on treating goiter and causing DILI.We offered a new way for more explorations on the therapeutic and toxic bidirectional mechanisms based on machine learning and data mining.展开更多
Plant traits are influenced by evolutionary and environmental factors co-operating across varying spatial and temporal scales.While significant progress has been made in understanding aboveground-belowground trait rel...Plant traits are influenced by evolutionary and environmental factors co-operating across varying spatial and temporal scales.While significant progress has been made in understanding aboveground-belowground trait relationships in terrestrial plants,little is known about how plant above- and belowground traits perform in marsh wetlands at large scales,particularly for traits related to clonal architecture and resource acquisition strategies.We measured above- and belowground traits of 15 occurring,common clonal plant species in nine marsh wetlands in northern China,and obtained data of soil physicochemical properties and climates.We found a crucial role of soil moisture in shaping traits of wetland clonal plants.Across the nine wetlands,all traits except those of leaves showed higher values in the high- than in the low-moisture areas in the low-precipitation areas,but this trend was reversed in the high-precipitation areas.In particular,clonal plants showed longer rhizome internodes and higher rhizome internode biomass in the higher-moisture areas,thereby displaying a guerrilla architecture.Moreover,most wetland clonal plants also exhibited larger specific leaf area,showing an acquisitive strategy of resource uptake.These findings deepen our understanding of the ecological strategies of wetland clonal species,and provide insights for the conservation and restoration of marsh wetland vegetation.展开更多
Based on the equivalence between the Sylvester tensor equation and the linear equation obtained by discretization of partial differential equations(PDEs),an overlapping Schwarz alternative method based on the tensor f...Based on the equivalence between the Sylvester tensor equation and the linear equation obtained by discretization of partial differential equations(PDEs),an overlapping Schwarz alternative method based on the tensor format and an overlapping parallel Schwarz method based on the tensor format for solving high-dimensional PDEs are proposed.The complexity of the new algorithms is discussed.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the new methods are verified by some numerical examples.展开更多
The Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5)alloy has served as the core material in phase-change memories with high switching speed and persistent storage capability at room temperature.However widely used,this composition is not suitable...The Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5)alloy has served as the core material in phase-change memories with high switching speed and persistent storage capability at room temperature.However widely used,this composition is not suitable for embedded memories—for example,for automotive applications,which require very high working temperatures above 300℃.Ge–Sb–Te alloys with higher Ge content,most prominently Ge2Sb1Te2(‘212’),have been studied as suitable alternatives,but their atomic structures and structure–property relationships have remained widely unexplored.Here,we report comprehensive first-principles simulations that give insight into those emerging materials,located on the compositional tie-line between Ge_(2)Sb_(1)Te_(2) and elemental Ge,allowing for a direct comparison with the established Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5)material.Electronic-structure computations and smooth overlap of atomic positions(SOAP)similarity analyses explain the role of excess Ge content in the amorphous phases.Together with energetic analyses,a compositional threshold is identified for the viability of a homogeneous amorphous phase(‘zero bit’),which is required for memory applications.Based on the acquired knowledge at the atomic scale,we provide a materials design strategy for high-performance embedded phase-change memories with balanced speed and stability,as well as potentially good cycling capability.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82072807)the Scientific Research Project of Universities of the Department of Education of Anhui Province(No.2022AH040182)the Anhui Province Key Clinical Specialties Construction Project(2023).
文摘We propose a strategy to reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies in Chinese patients with total prostate-specific antigen(tPSA)>10 ng ml−1 and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)scores between 1 and 3.Clinical data derived from 517 patients of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Hefei,China)from January 2020 to December 2023 who met the screening criteria for the study were retrospectively collected.Independent predictors were identified via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.The diagnostic capacity of clinical variables was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and area under the curve(AUC).A prostate biopsy strategy was developed via risk stratification.Of the 517 patients,17/348(4.9%)with PI-RADS 1–2 were diagnosed with clinically significant prostate cancer(csPCa),and 27/169(16.0%)patients with PI-RADS 3 were diagnosed with csPCa.The appropriate prostate-specific antigen density(PSAD)cut-off values were 0.45 ng ml−2 for PI-RADS 1–2 patients and 0.3 ng ml−2 for PI-RADS 3 patients.The appropriate prostate volume(PV)cut-off values were 40 ml for PI-RADS 1–2 patients and 50 ml for PI-RADS 3 patients.The prostate biopsy strategy based on PSAD and PV developed in this study can reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies in patients with tPSA>10 ng ml−1 and PI-RADS 1–3.In the study,66.5%(344/517)patients did not need to undergo prostate biopsy,at the expense of missing only 1.7%(6/344)patients with csPCa.
基金Supported by The Major Projects on Infectious DiseaseNo.2012ZX10002-008-005+4 种基金the Beijing Science and Technology Commission Research ProjectsNo.H010210110129Z111107058811067the High-level Talent Academic Leader Training ProgramNo.2011-2-19
文摘AIM:To study the clinical outcome of antiviral therapy in hepatitis B-related decompensated cirrhotic patients.METHODS:Three hundred and twelve patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis were evaluated in a prospective cohort.With two years of follow-up,198patients in the group receiving antiviral therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues and 39 patients in the control group without antiviral treatment were analysed.RESULTS:Among the antiviral treatment patients,162had a complete virological response(CVR),and 36 were drug-resistant(DR).The two-year cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in the DR patients(30.6%)was significantly higher than that in both the CVR patients(4.3%)and the control group(10.3%)(P<0.001).Among the DR patients in particular,the incidence of HCC was 55.6%(5/9)in those who failed rescue therapy,which was extremely high.The rtA181T mutation was closely associated with rescue therapy failure(P=0.006).The Child-Pugh scores of the CVR group were significantly decreased compared with the baseline(8.9±2.3 vs 6.0±1.3,P=0.043).CONCLUSION:This study showed that antiviral drug resistance increased the risk of HCC in decompensated hepatitis B-related cirrhotic patients,especially in those who failed rescue therapy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81501539Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2021A1515012180 and No.2016A030312008+2 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Shantou,China,No.200617105260368“Dengfeng Project”for the Construction of High-level Hospitals in Guangdong Province—the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University College Supporting Funding,No.202003-10Guangdong Provincial Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Project,No.S202010560121.
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is the fifth most diagnosed cancer and the third leading causeof cancer-related death worldwide.Although progress has been made in diagnosis,surgical resection,systemic chemotherapy,and immunotherapy,patientswith GC still have a poor prognosis.The overall 5-year survival rate in patientswith advanced GC is less than 5%.The FOXO subfamily,of the forkhead boxfamily of transcription factors,consists of four members,FOXO1,FOXO3,FOXO4,and FOXO6.This subfamily plays an important role in many cellular processes,such as cell cycle,cell growth,apoptosis,autophagy,stress resistance,protectionfrom aggregate toxicity,DNA repair,tumor suppression,and metabolism,in bothnormal tissue and malignant tumors.Various studies support a role for FOXOs astumor suppressors based on their ability to inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis,and promote apoptosis,yet several other studies have shown that FOXOs mightalso promote tumor progression in certain circumstances.To elucidate the diverseroles of FOXOs in GC,this article systematically reviews the cellular functions ofFOXOs in GC to determine potential therapeutic targets and treatment strategiesfor patients with GC.
文摘BACKGROUND Over the past few years,research into the pathogenesis of colon cancer has progressed rapidly,and cuproptosis is an emerging mode of cellular apoptosis.Exploring the relationship between colon cancer and cuproptosis benefits in identifying novel biomarkers and even improving the outcome of the disease.AIM To look at the prognostic relationship between colon cancer and the genes associated with cuproptosis and the immune system in patients.The main purpose was to assess whether reasonable induction of these biomarkers reduces mortality among patients with colon cancers.METHOD Data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus and the Genotype-Tissue Expression were used in differential analysis to explore differential expression genes associated with cuproptosis and immune activation.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression algorithm was applied to build a cuproptosis-and immune-related combination model,and the model was utilized for principal component analysis and survival analysis to observe the survival and prognosis of the patients.A series of statistically meaningful transcriptional analysis results demonstrated an intrinsic relationship between cuproptosis and the micro-environment of colon cancer.RESULTS Once prognostic characteristics were obtained,the CDKN2A and DLAT genes related to cuproptosis were strongly linked to colon cancer:The first was a risk factor,whereas the second was a protective factor.The finding of the validation analysis showed that the comprehensive model associated with cuproptosis and immunity was statistically significant.Within the component expressions,the expressions of HSPA1A,CDKN2A,and UCN3 differed markedly.Transcription analysis primarily reflects the differential activation of related immune cells and pathways.Furthermore,genes linked to immune checkpoint inhibitors were expressed differently between the subgroups,which may reveal the mechanism of worse prognosis and the different sensitivities of chemotherapy.CONCLUSION The prognosis of the high-risk group evaluated in the combined model was poorer,and cuproptosis was highly correlated with the prognosis of colon cancer.It is possible that we may be able to improve patients’prognosis by regulating the gene expression to intervene the risk score.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No:82104411).
文摘Objective:To explore the bidirectional mechanism of Haizao Yuhu decoction(HYD)on goiter and drug-induced liver injury(DILI)based on machine learning and data mining.Methods:Firstly,compounds of HYD were selected from the TCMSP,TCMIP,and BATMAN databases,then the TCMSP was used to acquire the targets of compounds.Targets of goiter and DILI were obtained from the GeneCards database.Secondly,common targets of“HYD-goiter”and“HYD-DILI”as well as related compounds were used to construct the networks and perform Random Walk with Restart(RWR)algorithm and network stability test.Finally,core targets in the“HYD-goiter”and“HYD-DILI”networks were used for molecular docking with core compounds and searched for validation on PubChem,and the relevant experimental data of our group were quoted to verify the analysis results.Results:There were 22 intersection targets of HYD and DILI,326 of HYD and goiter.RWR analysis showed that MAPK1,MAPK3,AKT1,etc.may be the core targets of HYD treating goiter,RELA,TNF,IL4,etc.may be the core targets of the bidirectional effect,and eckol may be the core compound in bidirectional effect.Network stability test indicated that the HYD had a high stability on treating goiter and playing a bidirectional effect.The core targets and core compounds docked well,and 37.3%of targets had been confirmed by experiments and 29.8%core targets had been confirmed.Our previous experimental result confirmed that the HYD could treat goiter usefully by reducing the expression levels of PI3K and AKT mRNA,and down-regulating the expression of Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 mRNA.Conclusion:HYD containing“sargassum-liquorice”combination may have a bidirectional effect on treating goiter and causing DILI.We offered a new way for more explorations on the therapeutic and toxic bidirectional mechanisms based on machine learning and data mining.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32371584, 32071525)the Science and Technology Basic Resources Survey Project (2019FY100600)the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program (2022xjkk1200)。
文摘Plant traits are influenced by evolutionary and environmental factors co-operating across varying spatial and temporal scales.While significant progress has been made in understanding aboveground-belowground trait relationships in terrestrial plants,little is known about how plant above- and belowground traits perform in marsh wetlands at large scales,particularly for traits related to clonal architecture and resource acquisition strategies.We measured above- and belowground traits of 15 occurring,common clonal plant species in nine marsh wetlands in northern China,and obtained data of soil physicochemical properties and climates.We found a crucial role of soil moisture in shaping traits of wetland clonal plants.Across the nine wetlands,all traits except those of leaves showed higher values in the high- than in the low-moisture areas in the low-precipitation areas,but this trend was reversed in the high-precipitation areas.In particular,clonal plants showed longer rhizome internodes and higher rhizome internode biomass in the higher-moisture areas,thereby displaying a guerrilla architecture.Moreover,most wetland clonal plants also exhibited larger specific leaf area,showing an acquisitive strategy of resource uptake.These findings deepen our understanding of the ecological strategies of wetland clonal species,and provide insights for the conservation and restoration of marsh wetland vegetation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12161027)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(2020GXNSFAA159143)partially supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangxi of China(Guike AD23023002).
文摘Based on the equivalence between the Sylvester tensor equation and the linear equation obtained by discretization of partial differential equations(PDEs),an overlapping Schwarz alternative method based on the tensor format and an overlapping parallel Schwarz method based on the tensor format for solving high-dimensional PDEs are proposed.The complexity of the new algorithms is discussed.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the new methods are verified by some numerical examples.
基金W.Z.thanks the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(61774123)111 Project 2.0(BP2018008)R.M.acknowledges funding from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG)within SFB 917(‘Nanoswitches’).V.L.D.acknowledges a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship.The authors acknowledge the support by the HPC platform of Xi’an Jiaotong University,and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies of Xi’an Jiaotong University.
文摘The Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5)alloy has served as the core material in phase-change memories with high switching speed and persistent storage capability at room temperature.However widely used,this composition is not suitable for embedded memories—for example,for automotive applications,which require very high working temperatures above 300℃.Ge–Sb–Te alloys with higher Ge content,most prominently Ge2Sb1Te2(‘212’),have been studied as suitable alternatives,but their atomic structures and structure–property relationships have remained widely unexplored.Here,we report comprehensive first-principles simulations that give insight into those emerging materials,located on the compositional tie-line between Ge_(2)Sb_(1)Te_(2) and elemental Ge,allowing for a direct comparison with the established Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5)material.Electronic-structure computations and smooth overlap of atomic positions(SOAP)similarity analyses explain the role of excess Ge content in the amorphous phases.Together with energetic analyses,a compositional threshold is identified for the viability of a homogeneous amorphous phase(‘zero bit’),which is required for memory applications.Based on the acquired knowledge at the atomic scale,we provide a materials design strategy for high-performance embedded phase-change memories with balanced speed and stability,as well as potentially good cycling capability.
