目的 汉化求助障碍量表(barriers to help seeking scale,BHSS)并在大学生群体中检验其信效度。方法 按照Brislin翻译模式对BHSS进行直译、回译,通过专家函询和预调查对量表进行文化调适,形成中文版BHSS。采取随机整群法在大庆市3所高...目的 汉化求助障碍量表(barriers to help seeking scale,BHSS)并在大学生群体中检验其信效度。方法 按照Brislin翻译模式对BHSS进行直译、回译,通过专家函询和预调查对量表进行文化调适,形成中文版BHSS。采取随机整群法在大庆市3所高校抽取756名符合标准的大学生,检验量表的信效度。结果 中文版BHSS包括控制和自立需要、最小化问题和顺从、具体障碍和对卫生保健人员的不信任、隐私、情绪控制5个维度,共29个条目。探索性因子分析共提取5个公因子,累积方差贡献率为67.87%。验证性因子分析显示,模型拟合度良好。量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.945,分半信度为0.764。结论 中文版BHSS具有良好的信效度,适用于评定大学生求助的具体障碍程度。展开更多
为探究人工鱼礁投放后的不同底质对底栖游泳生物群落结构特征的影响,实验以海区中央投放的构件礁划分半径为20、400和600 m 3个样带,采用地笼与摄像相结合的方法,分别于2017年6月和8月、2018年6月(2次)、2019年6月和7月在小竹山岛人工...为探究人工鱼礁投放后的不同底质对底栖游泳生物群落结构特征的影响,实验以海区中央投放的构件礁划分半径为20、400和600 m 3个样带,采用地笼与摄像相结合的方法,分别于2017年6月和8月、2018年6月(2次)、2019年6月和7月在小竹山岛人工鱼礁区进行了6个航次的调查。应用相对重要性指数(IRI)、主坐标分析(PCoA)和单因素方差分析等分析群落时空组成变化,利用广义加性模型(GAM)研究环境因子对单位捕捞努力量(CPUE)和多样性指数的影响。IRI和PCoA测定结果显示,地笼主要捕获日本蟳、海燕、大泷六线鱼、许氏平及其他梭形鱼类;摄像主要捕获海燕等棘皮类、葛氏长臂虾、纹缟虾虎鱼、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼、钟馗虾虎鱼及矛尾刺虾虎鱼。单因素方差分析显示,两种采样方法在200和400 m样带的CPUE均较高,与600 m样带有显著差异,但年份间无显著差异。GAM模型显示,CPUE随投礁年份和底质类型的复杂度增加而增加,与构件礁及石块礁底质呈正相关,且受盐度及温度影响。多样性指数在样带、年际间无显著差异,GAM模型显示,其在地笼渔获物的多样性指数显著高于摄像,并受盐度、透明度影响,但与底质类型无关。本研究揭示了不同底质对底栖游泳生物的影响,证明了地笼与摄像结合调查方法的互补性,为多种鱼礁底质的管理提供参考依据。展开更多
The construction of artificial reefs has unparallelly developed for a few decades in China.Artificial reefs can be used to manage and conserve commercially exploited fish and crustacea.However,their suitability as eco...The construction of artificial reefs has unparallelly developed for a few decades in China.Artificial reefs can be used to manage and conserve commercially exploited fish and crustacea.However,their suitability as ecological niche is poorly characterized.Therefore,in this study,we detected the seasonal variation of community biodiversity and the corresponding driving environmental factors.We also explored the relationships between dominant species and environmental factors to identify appropriate ecological niche areas.Different statistical analysis methods were used to assess species distribution within an artificial reef area in Xixiakou during nine sampling events in four seasons between 2017 and 2018.Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)and cluster analysis results indicated that the components of community can be divided into two clusters.Complexity of community,which is exhibited by species number,biodiversity,and catch per unit effort(CPUE),was significantly higher in summer than in other seasons.Generalized additive model(GAMs)results revealed the significant effects of temperature and chlorophyll a on the community structure.Sebastes schlegelii,Hexagrammos otakii,Conger myriaster and Charybdis japonica were the dominant species in four seasons.GAMs results indicated that temperature,dissolved oxygen(DO),pH and chlorophyll a affect the CPUE of dominant species significantly.The distinct suitable ecological niche for each dominant species was found in this study.For example,Charybdis japonica preferred to live in the area with 20.7–22.1℃,dissolved oxygen 7.07–7.15 mg L−1 and salinity 31.8–31.9.The results of this study are beneficial to resource conservation and fishery management.展开更多
Marine microorganisms are indispensable regulators of nutrient cycling and energy flow,which are crucial for artificial reefs(ARs)ecosystems.However,little is known about the microbial communities in the bottom water ...Marine microorganisms are indispensable regulators of nutrient cycling and energy flow,which are crucial for artificial reefs(ARs)ecosystems.However,little is known about the microbial communities in the bottom water and sediment of ARs.Studies of microbial diversities have greatly advanced due to the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies,whereas the results may vary significantly due to the primers’choice.This study investigated the influences of two 16S ribosomal RNA gene primer choices(V4 and V3-V4)on microbial community compositions and structures.The results showed that the taxonomic assignment de-tected by primer V3-V4 was higher compared with that obtained by primer V4,whereas microbial community compositions had strong correlations between the two primers.Microbial beta diversities of ARs can be uncovered by both primers,but the relation-ships between communities and environmental parameters were inconsistent.The performances of the two primers for water samples were highly consistent,but the inconformity was evident for sediment samples.Given the relatively lower taxonomic classification of primer V4 for sediment samples,primer V3-V4 was recommended for later studies.With the development and advancement of ARs in China,our findings provide a meaningful reference for ecologists focusing on the microbial diversities and ecological functions of these artificial habitats in the future.展开更多
文摘目的 汉化求助障碍量表(barriers to help seeking scale,BHSS)并在大学生群体中检验其信效度。方法 按照Brislin翻译模式对BHSS进行直译、回译,通过专家函询和预调查对量表进行文化调适,形成中文版BHSS。采取随机整群法在大庆市3所高校抽取756名符合标准的大学生,检验量表的信效度。结果 中文版BHSS包括控制和自立需要、最小化问题和顺从、具体障碍和对卫生保健人员的不信任、隐私、情绪控制5个维度,共29个条目。探索性因子分析共提取5个公因子,累积方差贡献率为67.87%。验证性因子分析显示,模型拟合度良好。量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.945,分半信度为0.764。结论 中文版BHSS具有良好的信效度,适用于评定大学生求助的具体障碍程度。
文摘为探究人工鱼礁投放后的不同底质对底栖游泳生物群落结构特征的影响,实验以海区中央投放的构件礁划分半径为20、400和600 m 3个样带,采用地笼与摄像相结合的方法,分别于2017年6月和8月、2018年6月(2次)、2019年6月和7月在小竹山岛人工鱼礁区进行了6个航次的调查。应用相对重要性指数(IRI)、主坐标分析(PCoA)和单因素方差分析等分析群落时空组成变化,利用广义加性模型(GAM)研究环境因子对单位捕捞努力量(CPUE)和多样性指数的影响。IRI和PCoA测定结果显示,地笼主要捕获日本蟳、海燕、大泷六线鱼、许氏平及其他梭形鱼类;摄像主要捕获海燕等棘皮类、葛氏长臂虾、纹缟虾虎鱼、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼、钟馗虾虎鱼及矛尾刺虾虎鱼。单因素方差分析显示,两种采样方法在200和400 m样带的CPUE均较高,与600 m样带有显著差异,但年份间无显著差异。GAM模型显示,CPUE随投礁年份和底质类型的复杂度增加而增加,与构件礁及石块礁底质呈正相关,且受盐度及温度影响。多样性指数在样带、年际间无显著差异,GAM模型显示,其在地笼渔获物的多样性指数显著高于摄像,并受盐度、透明度影响,但与底质类型无关。本研究揭示了不同底质对底栖游泳生物的影响,证明了地笼与摄像结合调查方法的互补性,为多种鱼礁底质的管理提供参考依据。
基金the Project of Marine and Fishery Technology Innovation of Shandong(No.2017 HYCX007).
文摘The construction of artificial reefs has unparallelly developed for a few decades in China.Artificial reefs can be used to manage and conserve commercially exploited fish and crustacea.However,their suitability as ecological niche is poorly characterized.Therefore,in this study,we detected the seasonal variation of community biodiversity and the corresponding driving environmental factors.We also explored the relationships between dominant species and environmental factors to identify appropriate ecological niche areas.Different statistical analysis methods were used to assess species distribution within an artificial reef area in Xixiakou during nine sampling events in four seasons between 2017 and 2018.Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)and cluster analysis results indicated that the components of community can be divided into two clusters.Complexity of community,which is exhibited by species number,biodiversity,and catch per unit effort(CPUE),was significantly higher in summer than in other seasons.Generalized additive model(GAMs)results revealed the significant effects of temperature and chlorophyll a on the community structure.Sebastes schlegelii,Hexagrammos otakii,Conger myriaster and Charybdis japonica were the dominant species in four seasons.GAMs results indicated that temperature,dissolved oxygen(DO),pH and chlorophyll a affect the CPUE of dominant species significantly.The distinct suitable ecological niche for each dominant species was found in this study.For example,Charybdis japonica preferred to live in the area with 20.7–22.1℃,dissolved oxygen 7.07–7.15 mg L−1 and salinity 31.8–31.9.The results of this study are beneficial to resource conservation and fishery management.
基金funded by the Project of National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFD0901302).
文摘Marine microorganisms are indispensable regulators of nutrient cycling and energy flow,which are crucial for artificial reefs(ARs)ecosystems.However,little is known about the microbial communities in the bottom water and sediment of ARs.Studies of microbial diversities have greatly advanced due to the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies,whereas the results may vary significantly due to the primers’choice.This study investigated the influences of two 16S ribosomal RNA gene primer choices(V4 and V3-V4)on microbial community compositions and structures.The results showed that the taxonomic assignment de-tected by primer V3-V4 was higher compared with that obtained by primer V4,whereas microbial community compositions had strong correlations between the two primers.Microbial beta diversities of ARs can be uncovered by both primers,but the relation-ships between communities and environmental parameters were inconsistent.The performances of the two primers for water samples were highly consistent,but the inconformity was evident for sediment samples.Given the relatively lower taxonomic classification of primer V4 for sediment samples,primer V3-V4 was recommended for later studies.With the development and advancement of ARs in China,our findings provide a meaningful reference for ecologists focusing on the microbial diversities and ecological functions of these artificial habitats in the future.
