摘要
要准确揭示轨道结构的振动特性,不仅要考虑轨道不平顺,还有必要对车轮踏面不圆顺展开调查和研究。对上海地铁二号线部分使用过的车轮踏面不圆顺进行测试,在对实测数据进行预处理、平稳性检验的基础上进一步分析车轮踏面不圆顺的幅值分布特性,并采用ISO3095标准对车轮踏面平顺度进行分析和评价;其次基于小波分析法,将实测车轮不圆顺数据进行分解和功率谱分析。研究结果表明:列车车轮的圆顺度总体较好,车轮不圆顺幅值普遍在20μm以下,仅在个别位置不圆顺幅值达到115μm;在分析波长范围内车轮不圆顺粗糙度总体小于ISO3095:2013标准值,仅在部分波长范围内超过限值;通过小波分解,可根据低频部分的逼近信号和高频部分的细节信号分析车轮不圆顺特征,分析结果可帮助铁路部门确定需要关注的区域,并采取不同措施改善车轮圆顺度;对分解得到的各层信号进行功率谱分析,可识别不同波长范围内的特征不平顺,得到不同波形对于不圆顺的贡献情况,为进一步分析城市轨道交通车轮短波不圆顺特征提供参考。
In order to accurately reveal the vibration characteristics of the track structure,it is not only necessary to consider the track irregularity,but also to investigate the short wave irregularity of wheel surface.The short wave irregularity of wheel surface of Shanghai urban rail transit was measured.Based on the preprocessing of raw data and stability tests,the amplitude distribution characteristics of wheel surface irregularity were analyzed and the smoothness of the wheel tread was evaluated according to the standard of ISO3095:2013.Then,through the power spectral analysis and wavelet analysis,the measured data of short wave irregularity of wheel surface were decomposed and processed.The research results show that the roundness condition of wheel surface is generally good,the amplitudes of the wheel irregularity are usually below 20μm,and only at less positions the amplitudes reach 115μm.Within the wavelength range of analysis,the irregularity of wheel surface is basically less than the standard value of ISO3095:2013,but only within less wavelength ranges it exceeds the limit.Through wavelet decomposition,the characteristics of the wheel surface irregularity can be analyzed according to the approximation signal in the low-frequency range and the detail signal in the high-frequency range.The analysis results can help the railway department to determine the key areas and take corresponding measures to improve the roundness and smoothness of wheel surface.Through power spectrum analysis of each layer of decomposed signals,the irregularities characteristics in different wavelength ranges can be identified and the contribution of different waveform to wheel surface irregularities can be obtained.
作者
房建
邱海浪
涂祥国
余昊霖
雷晓燕
练松良
FANG Jian;QIU Hailang;TU Xiangguo;YU Haolin;LEI Xiaoyan;LIAN Songliang(State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Guarantee of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering,Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)
出处
《噪声与振动控制》
北大核心
2025年第5期153-159,共7页
Noise and Vibration Control
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51668019)
江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20171BAB206057)。
