Dear Editor,For the past few decades,mosquito-borne orthoflaviviruses,such as dengue virus,Zika virus,and West Nile virus(WNV),have posed significant threats to global public health.The Orthoflavivirus genus comprises...Dear Editor,For the past few decades,mosquito-borne orthoflaviviruses,such as dengue virus,Zika virus,and West Nile virus(WNV),have posed significant threats to global public health.The Orthoflavivirus genus comprises more than 70 viruses,many of which are responsible for a wide range of diseases in humans and animals,including febrile illnesses,encephalitis,and hemorrhagic febrile illness.These viruses are associated with approximately 400 million infections and 100 million symptomatic cases worldwide each year(Van Leur et al.,2021).Among them,Usutu virus(USUV)is an emerging pathogen classified alongside WNV within the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)serogroup of the Orthoflavivirus genus,the Flaviviridae family.USUV has spread from Africa to Europe since the late 20th century.It primarily causes central nervous system disorders in birds,with several large-scale mortality events recorded in Europe.USUV can also infect humans,it typically leads to neurological complications in rare cases(Roesch et al.,2019).展开更多
Pasteurella multocida(PM)has been infecting a variety of hosts for a long time,causing sustained economic losses worldwide;however,there have been limited studies on its extensive adaptability(Aktories et al.2012).Ana...Pasteurella multocida(PM)has been infecting a variety of hosts for a long time,causing sustained economic losses worldwide;however,there have been limited studies on its extensive adaptability(Aktories et al.2012).Analysis of strains data collected in our laboratory revealed that PM typically acquires foreign genes through transformation and conjugation,rather than transformation and fusion.Integrative and conjugative elements(ICEs)are a crucial mechanism that leads to abrupt changes in niche preferences and enhances environmental adaptability for bacteria,with their number far exceeding the number of plasmids and phages(Wozniak and Waldor 2010;Johnson and Grossman 2015;Botelho and Schulenburg 2021).Previous research has shown that the European bovine-sourced strain Pm36950 contains the experimentally transferable resistant ICEPmu1,which could integrate into the host chromosome or forming a circular intermediate(Michael et al.2012).Additionally,a few studies have suggested that PM strains isolated from European bovine and Asian swine might contain ICEs,but these claims lack experimental verification(Klima et al.2014;Moustafa et al.2015;Kadlec et al.2017;Peng et al.2017;Beker et al.2018;Schink et al.2022).Currently,there is no data available on ICE-carrying PM strains isolated from hosts outside of European cattle or Chinses swine.This letter presents a report on a novel ICE identified in the hypervirulent and multidrug-resistant PM HN141014 strain isolated from Chinese duck.The ICE was specifically analyzed for its resistance genes,transferable capacity and host diversity.展开更多
Dear Editor,Duck Tembusu virus(DTMUV)is the causative agent of a new,acute and severe infectious disease in ducks(Su et al.,2011).TMUV was first isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Malaysia in 1955(Platt et al.,1...Dear Editor,Duck Tembusu virus(DTMUV)is the causative agent of a new,acute and severe infectious disease in ducks(Su et al.,2011).TMUV was first isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Malaysia in 1955(Platt et al.,1975),and this strain is regarded as a reference strain.In our previous study,an infectious clone for the mosquito-derived Tembusu virus prototypical strain MM_1775(GenBank:JX477685.2)was constructed,and the rMM_1775 virus was rescued successfully(Wang et al.,2021).And the TMUV strain rCQW1 was rescued by a reverse genetic system using the viral RNAs of CQW1(GenBank:KM233707.1)(Chen et al.,2018;Guo et al.,2020),which was isolated from ducks in 2013(Zhu et al.,2015).展开更多
Areca catechu,as a traditional Chinese medicine,contains a high concentration of therapeutic compounds.However,the biosynthesis of these compounds is largely unexplored.We present a haplotype-resolved genome assembly ...Areca catechu,as a traditional Chinese medicine,contains a high concentration of therapeutic compounds.However,the biosynthesis of these compounds is largely unexplored.We present a haplotype-resolved genome assembly and annotation for A.catechu,with chromosome-level genome sizes of 2.45 Gb(Ac.Hap1)and 2.49 Gb(Ac.Hap2).A comparative analysis of the haplotypes revealed significant divergence,including multiple Mb-level large inversions.Furthermore,A.catechu shared two whole genome duplications with other palm plants and its genome size had increased due to the insertion of transposons within the last 2.5 million years.By integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics,two tandem genes(AcGNMT1 and AcGNMT2)were negatively associated with guvacine and trigonelline in gene-metabolite interaction network.AcGNMT1,AcGNMT2 and their three homologous genes were involved in the conversion of guvacine to arecoline.Further analyses tested the function of AcUGT71CE15,AcUGT74CJ38,AcUGT87EE5 and AcUGT83S982 as glucosyltransferases,and AcUGT78AP14 was identified as a rhamnosyltransferase involved in flavonol glycosylation.Our study provides a high-quality genome of A.catechu,characterizes the arecoline biosynthetic pathway and expands the understanding of the diversity of UDP-glucosyltransferase and UDP-rhamnosyltransferase,offering insights into the potential of A.catechu for the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds.展开更多
基金funded by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1801900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272976&32302848)+3 种基金Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology international scientific and technological innovation cooperation(2022YFH0026)the earmarked fund for China Agricultural Research System(CARS-42-17)Program Sichuan Veterinary Medicine and Drug Innovation Group of China Agricultural Research System(SCCXTD-2021-18)the Innovation and Demonstration of Industry and Education Integration in Feed Industrial Chain Transformation and Upgradation,Sichuan Province,China.
文摘Dear Editor,For the past few decades,mosquito-borne orthoflaviviruses,such as dengue virus,Zika virus,and West Nile virus(WNV),have posed significant threats to global public health.The Orthoflavivirus genus comprises more than 70 viruses,many of which are responsible for a wide range of diseases in humans and animals,including febrile illnesses,encephalitis,and hemorrhagic febrile illness.These viruses are associated with approximately 400 million infections and 100 million symptomatic cases worldwide each year(Van Leur et al.,2021).Among them,Usutu virus(USUV)is an emerging pathogen classified alongside WNV within the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)serogroup of the Orthoflavivirus genus,the Flaviviridae family.USUV has spread from Africa to Europe since the late 20th century.It primarily causes central nervous system disorders in birds,with several large-scale mortality events recorded in Europe.USUV can also infect humans,it typically leads to neurological complications in rare cases(Roesch et al.,2019).
基金supported by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-42-17)the Sichuan Veterinary Medicine and Drug Innovation Group of China Agricultural Research System(SCCXTD-2021-18)。
文摘Pasteurella multocida(PM)has been infecting a variety of hosts for a long time,causing sustained economic losses worldwide;however,there have been limited studies on its extensive adaptability(Aktories et al.2012).Analysis of strains data collected in our laboratory revealed that PM typically acquires foreign genes through transformation and conjugation,rather than transformation and fusion.Integrative and conjugative elements(ICEs)are a crucial mechanism that leads to abrupt changes in niche preferences and enhances environmental adaptability for bacteria,with their number far exceeding the number of plasmids and phages(Wozniak and Waldor 2010;Johnson and Grossman 2015;Botelho and Schulenburg 2021).Previous research has shown that the European bovine-sourced strain Pm36950 contains the experimentally transferable resistant ICEPmu1,which could integrate into the host chromosome or forming a circular intermediate(Michael et al.2012).Additionally,a few studies have suggested that PM strains isolated from European bovine and Asian swine might contain ICEs,but these claims lack experimental verification(Klima et al.2014;Moustafa et al.2015;Kadlec et al.2017;Peng et al.2017;Beker et al.2018;Schink et al.2022).Currently,there is no data available on ICE-carrying PM strains isolated from hosts outside of European cattle or Chinses swine.This letter presents a report on a novel ICE identified in the hypervirulent and multidrug-resistant PM HN141014 strain isolated from Chinese duck.The ICE was specifically analyzed for its resistance genes,transferable capacity and host diversity.
文摘Dear Editor,Duck Tembusu virus(DTMUV)is the causative agent of a new,acute and severe infectious disease in ducks(Su et al.,2011).TMUV was first isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Malaysia in 1955(Platt et al.,1975),and this strain is regarded as a reference strain.In our previous study,an infectious clone for the mosquito-derived Tembusu virus prototypical strain MM_1775(GenBank:JX477685.2)was constructed,and the rMM_1775 virus was rescued successfully(Wang et al.,2021).And the TMUV strain rCQW1 was rescued by a reverse genetic system using the viral RNAs of CQW1(GenBank:KM233707.1)(Chen et al.,2018;Guo et al.,2020),which was isolated from ducks in 2013(Zhu et al.,2015).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0909600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270685)+2 种基金the Hainan Provincial Academician Innovation Platform Project(HD-YSZX-202004)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Nan-fan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture(XTCX2022NYB06)supported by the PhD Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of The Education Department of Hainan Province Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City.
文摘Areca catechu,as a traditional Chinese medicine,contains a high concentration of therapeutic compounds.However,the biosynthesis of these compounds is largely unexplored.We present a haplotype-resolved genome assembly and annotation for A.catechu,with chromosome-level genome sizes of 2.45 Gb(Ac.Hap1)and 2.49 Gb(Ac.Hap2).A comparative analysis of the haplotypes revealed significant divergence,including multiple Mb-level large inversions.Furthermore,A.catechu shared two whole genome duplications with other palm plants and its genome size had increased due to the insertion of transposons within the last 2.5 million years.By integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics,two tandem genes(AcGNMT1 and AcGNMT2)were negatively associated with guvacine and trigonelline in gene-metabolite interaction network.AcGNMT1,AcGNMT2 and their three homologous genes were involved in the conversion of guvacine to arecoline.Further analyses tested the function of AcUGT71CE15,AcUGT74CJ38,AcUGT87EE5 and AcUGT83S982 as glucosyltransferases,and AcUGT78AP14 was identified as a rhamnosyltransferase involved in flavonol glycosylation.Our study provides a high-quality genome of A.catechu,characterizes the arecoline biosynthetic pathway and expands the understanding of the diversity of UDP-glucosyltransferase and UDP-rhamnosyltransferase,offering insights into the potential of A.catechu for the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds.
