Purpose–This paper focuses on studying the reliability allocation for the railway system,aiming to improve the overall reliability of the railway system and ensure safety operation.Design/methodology/approach–In vie...Purpose–This paper focuses on studying the reliability allocation for the railway system,aiming to improve the overall reliability of the railway system and ensure safety operation.Design/methodology/approach–In view of the complex structure of the railway system,involving many subsystems,this paper analyzes the close dynamic coupling effect between railway subsystems.Based on this,taking the railway system failure as the top event,a fault tree is constructed in this paper.Then,a reliability allocation method based on the fault tree is employed to allocate the reliability index.Finally,a numerical experiment is implemented to show the performance of the reliability allocation method.Findings–The results showed that each subsystem needs to improve its reliability to meet the specified railway system reliability requirements,and the traction power supply system is the most important subsystem,which is the most efficient in improving the reliability of the railway system.Originality/value–For the first time,starting from a holistic perspective of the system,reliability allocation is carried out based on the importance of each railway subsystem.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia,providing critical insights for safer clinical drug use.A retrospective analysis was conducted on ...This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia,providing critical insights for safer clinical drug use.A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of patients with hypoproteinemia who received tigecycline treatment during hospitalization between January 1,2020,and December 31,2023.Key patient information was collected,including age,gender,weight,history of hematological diseases,medication dosage,treatment duration,concomitant medications,serum albumin and fibrinogen(FIB)levels before and after tigecycline administration,hepatic and renal function parameters,and other clinical characteristics.Patients were categorized into adverse drug reaction(ADR)and non-ADR groups,and comparisons were made to identify baseline characteristics and drug-related factors influencing tigecycline-induced FIB level reductions.Among 222 eligible patients,71(31.98%)developed hypofibrinogenemia.Univariate analysis identified significant associations between hypofibrinogenemia and treatment duration(P=0.000),baseline FIB levels(P=0.006),concomitant use of cefoperazone-sulbactam(P=0.034),and concurrent administration of fat emulsion and heparin sodium injections(P<0.044).Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a baseline FIB level below 5.1 g/L and concomitant use with cefoperazone-sulbactam were independent risk factors for tigecycline-induced FIB reduction.Conversely,a treatment duration of fewer than 9 d and higher albumin levels(light/medium/weight)were protective factors that reduced the risk of hypofibrinogenemia.This study highlighted that tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia was a frequently encountered adverse effect in clinical practice.Patients with hypoproteinemia should undergo thorough evaluation prior to tigecycline administration,with particular attention to baseline FIB and albumin levels.Long-term use should be avoided,and combinations with medications that impair coagulation function should be minimized to mitigate the risk of hypofibrinogenemia associated with tigecycline.展开更多
Leaf inclination,a component of crop architecture,influences photosynthetic efficiency and planting density.Various factors,particularly the phytohormones auxin and brassinosteroids(BRs),function in regulating lamina ...Leaf inclination,a component of crop architecture,influences photosynthetic efficiency and planting density.Various factors,particularly the phytohormones auxin and brassinosteroids(BRs),function in regulating lamina joint bending,and understanding of the genetic control of leaf inclination will help to elucidate the relevant regulatory network.Screening a rice T-DNA insertion population revealed a mutant that was insensitive to auxin and displayed an enlarged leaf angle due to increased cell length on the adaxial side of the lamina joint.Genetic analysis revealed that the increased leaf inclination was caused by T-DNA insertion in the promoter region of OsIAA6,resulting in elevated OsIAA6 expression.Further study showed that OsIAA6 interacts with OsARF1 to suppress auxin signaling and regulates leaf inclination.OsIAA6 mediates the BR effects on lamina joint development,and OsBZR1,the key transcription factor in BR signaling,binds directly to the promoter of OsIAA6 to stimulate its transcription.These results indicate the roles of the OsIAA6-OsARF1 module in regulating rice leaf inclination and suggest the synergistic effects of the phytohormones auxin and BR.展开更多
Routing plays a critical role in data transmission for underwater acoustic sensor networks(UWSNs)in the internet of underwater things(IoUT).Traditional routing methods suffer from high end-toend delay,limited bandwidt...Routing plays a critical role in data transmission for underwater acoustic sensor networks(UWSNs)in the internet of underwater things(IoUT).Traditional routing methods suffer from high end-toend delay,limited bandwidth,and high energy consumption.With the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms,many researchers apply these new methods to improve the quality of routing.In this paper,we propose a Qlearning-based multi-hop cooperative routing protocol(QMCR)for UWSNs.Our protocol can automatically choose nodes with the maximum Q-value as forwarders based on distance information.Moreover,we combine cooperative communications with Q-learning algorithm to reduce network energy consumption and improve communication efficiency.Experimental results show that the running time of the QMCR is less than one-tenth of that of the artificial fish-swarm algorithm(AFSA),while the routing energy consumption is kept at the same level.Due to the extremely fast speed of the algorithm,the QMCR is a promising method of routing design for UWSNs,especially for the case that it suffers from the extreme dynamic underwater acoustic channels in the real ocean environment.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the trajectory tracking of 7000 m JIAOLONG manned submersible vehicle(MSV)with disturbances.The robust controller is realized by a composite control law,where an analytical nonlinear...Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the trajectory tracking of 7000 m JIAOLONG manned submersible vehicle(MSV)with disturbances.The robust controller is realized by a composite control law,where an analytical nonlinear model predictive control(MPC)component is proposed to meet the requirements on tracking performance.展开更多
基金supported by the Research Project of China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited under Grant 2023YJ252.
文摘Purpose–This paper focuses on studying the reliability allocation for the railway system,aiming to improve the overall reliability of the railway system and ensure safety operation.Design/methodology/approach–In view of the complex structure of the railway system,involving many subsystems,this paper analyzes the close dynamic coupling effect between railway subsystems.Based on this,taking the railway system failure as the top event,a fault tree is constructed in this paper.Then,a reliability allocation method based on the fault tree is employed to allocate the reliability index.Finally,a numerical experiment is implemented to show the performance of the reliability allocation method.Findings–The results showed that each subsystem needs to improve its reliability to meet the specified railway system reliability requirements,and the traction power supply system is the most important subsystem,which is the most efficient in improving the reliability of the railway system.Originality/value–For the first time,starting from a holistic perspective of the system,reliability allocation is carried out based on the importance of each railway subsystem.
基金Anhui Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Inh eritance and Innovation Research Project(Clinical category)(Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Secretary No.20,2024)。
文摘This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia,providing critical insights for safer clinical drug use.A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of patients with hypoproteinemia who received tigecycline treatment during hospitalization between January 1,2020,and December 31,2023.Key patient information was collected,including age,gender,weight,history of hematological diseases,medication dosage,treatment duration,concomitant medications,serum albumin and fibrinogen(FIB)levels before and after tigecycline administration,hepatic and renal function parameters,and other clinical characteristics.Patients were categorized into adverse drug reaction(ADR)and non-ADR groups,and comparisons were made to identify baseline characteristics and drug-related factors influencing tigecycline-induced FIB level reductions.Among 222 eligible patients,71(31.98%)developed hypofibrinogenemia.Univariate analysis identified significant associations between hypofibrinogenemia and treatment duration(P=0.000),baseline FIB levels(P=0.006),concomitant use of cefoperazone-sulbactam(P=0.034),and concurrent administration of fat emulsion and heparin sodium injections(P<0.044).Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a baseline FIB level below 5.1 g/L and concomitant use with cefoperazone-sulbactam were independent risk factors for tigecycline-induced FIB reduction.Conversely,a treatment duration of fewer than 9 d and higher albumin levels(light/medium/weight)were protective factors that reduced the risk of hypofibrinogenemia.This study highlighted that tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia was a frequently encountered adverse effect in clinical practice.Patients with hypoproteinemia should undergo thorough evaluation prior to tigecycline administration,with particular attention to baseline FIB and albumin levels.Long-term use should be avoided,and combinations with medications that impair coagulation function should be minimized to mitigate the risk of hypofibrinogenemia associated with tigecycline.
文摘Leaf inclination,a component of crop architecture,influences photosynthetic efficiency and planting density.Various factors,particularly the phytohormones auxin and brassinosteroids(BRs),function in regulating lamina joint bending,and understanding of the genetic control of leaf inclination will help to elucidate the relevant regulatory network.Screening a rice T-DNA insertion population revealed a mutant that was insensitive to auxin and displayed an enlarged leaf angle due to increased cell length on the adaxial side of the lamina joint.Genetic analysis revealed that the increased leaf inclination was caused by T-DNA insertion in the promoter region of OsIAA6,resulting in elevated OsIAA6 expression.Further study showed that OsIAA6 interacts with OsARF1 to suppress auxin signaling and regulates leaf inclination.OsIAA6 mediates the BR effects on lamina joint development,and OsBZR1,the key transcription factor in BR signaling,binds directly to the promoter of OsIAA6 to stimulate its transcription.These results indicate the roles of the OsIAA6-OsARF1 module in regulating rice leaf inclination and suggest the synergistic effects of the phytohormones auxin and BR.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2016YFC1400200in part by the Basic Research Program of Science and Technology of Shenzhen,China under Grant No.JCYJ20190809161805508+2 种基金in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No.20720200092in part by the Xiamen University’s Honors Program for Undergraduates in Marine Sciences under Grant No.22320152201106in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.41476026,41976178 and 61801139。
文摘Routing plays a critical role in data transmission for underwater acoustic sensor networks(UWSNs)in the internet of underwater things(IoUT).Traditional routing methods suffer from high end-toend delay,limited bandwidth,and high energy consumption.With the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms,many researchers apply these new methods to improve the quality of routing.In this paper,we propose a Qlearning-based multi-hop cooperative routing protocol(QMCR)for UWSNs.Our protocol can automatically choose nodes with the maximum Q-value as forwarders based on distance information.Moreover,we combine cooperative communications with Q-learning algorithm to reduce network energy consumption and improve communication efficiency.Experimental results show that the running time of the QMCR is less than one-tenth of that of the artificial fish-swarm algorithm(AFSA),while the routing energy consumption is kept at the same level.Due to the extremely fast speed of the algorithm,the QMCR is a promising method of routing design for UWSNs,especially for the case that it suffers from the extreme dynamic underwater acoustic channels in the real ocean environment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273165)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702505)the 111 Project(B23008)。
文摘Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the trajectory tracking of 7000 m JIAOLONG manned submersible vehicle(MSV)with disturbances.The robust controller is realized by a composite control law,where an analytical nonlinear model predictive control(MPC)component is proposed to meet the requirements on tracking performance.
