Synaptic pruning is a crucial process in synaptic refinement,eliminating unstable synaptic connections in neural circuits.This process is triggered and regulated primarily by spontaneous neural activity and experience...Synaptic pruning is a crucial process in synaptic refinement,eliminating unstable synaptic connections in neural circuits.This process is triggered and regulated primarily by spontaneous neural activity and experience-dependent mechanisms.The pruning process involves multiple molecular signals and a series of regulatory activities governing the“eat me”and“don't eat me”states.Under physiological conditions,the interaction between glial cells and neurons results in the clearance of unnecessary synapses,maintaining normal neural circuit functionality via synaptic pruning.Alterations in genetic and environmental factors can lead to imbalanced synaptic pruning,thus promoting the occurrence and development of autism spectrum disorder,schizophrenia,Alzheimer's disease,and other neurological disorders.In this review,we investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for synaptic pruning during neural development.We focus on how synaptic pruning can regulate neural circuits and its association with neurological disorders.Furthermore,we discuss the application of emerging optical and imaging technologies to observe synaptic structure and function,as well as their potential for clinical translation.Our aim was to enhance our understanding of synaptic pruning during neural development,including the molecular basis underlying the regulation of synaptic function and the dynamic changes in synaptic density,and to investigate the potential role of these mechanisms in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases,thus providing a theoretical foundation for the treatment of neurological disorders.展开更多
Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without ...Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without the dependence of antibiotic.Methods:Herein,we prepared ultrasound/magnetic field-responsive ferroferric oxide nanoparticles(Fe_(3)O_(4))/glucose oxidase microbubbles(FGMB)to form a cascade catalytic system for effective removing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.FGMB were prepared through interfacial self-assembly of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles(NPs)and glucose oxidase(GOx)at the gas-liquid interface stabilized by surfactants.Under ultrasound/magnetic field stimulation,FGMB disrupted biofilm architecture through microbubble collapse-induced microjets and magnetically driven displacement.Simultaneously,ultrasound-triggered rupture of FGMB released GOx and Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs.Glucose can be oxidized by GOx to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide which was subsequently catalyzed into hydroxyl radicals by Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs,enabling chemical eradication of biofilm-embedded bacteria.Results:Optical microscopy images demonstrated that FGMB have spherical structure with average size of approximately 17μm.FGMB showed a 65.4%decrease in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm biomass and 1.1 log bacterial inactivation efficiency(91.2%),suggesting effective biofilm elimination.In vitro experimental results also indicate that FGMB have good biocompatibility.Conclusion:This antibiofilm strategy integrated dual modes of physical biofilm disruption with chemical bacteria-killing shows great potential as a versatile,non-resistant strategy for bacterial biofilm elimination.展开更多
In a rapid cycling synchrotron(RCS),the magnetic field is synchronized with the beam energy,creating a highly dynamic magnetic environment.A ceramic chamber with a shielding layer(RF shield),composed of a series of co...In a rapid cycling synchrotron(RCS),the magnetic field is synchronized with the beam energy,creating a highly dynamic magnetic environment.A ceramic chamber with a shielding layer(RF shield),composed of a series of copper strips connected to a capacitor at either end,is typically employed as a vacuum chamber to mitigate eddy current effects and beam coupling impedance.Consequently,the ceramic chamber exhibits a thin-walled multilayered complex structure.Previous theoretical studies have suggested that the impedance of such a structure has a negligible impact on the beam.However,recent impedance measurements of the ceramic chamber in the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)RCS revealed a resonance in the low-frequency range,which was confirmed by further theoretical analysis as a source of beam instability in the RCS.Currently,the magnitude of this impedance cannot be accurately assessed using theoretical calculations.In this study,we used the CST Microwave Studio to confirm the impedance of the ceramic chamber.Further simulations covering six different types of ceramic chambers were conducted to develop an impedance model in the RCS.Additionally,this study investigates the resonant characteristics of the ceramic chamber impedance,finding that the resonant frequency is closely related to the capacitance of the capacitors.This finding provides clear directions for further impedance optimization and is crucial for achieving a beam power of 500 kW for the CSNS Phase-Ⅱ project(CSNS-Ⅱ).However,careful attention must be paid to the voltage across the capacitors.展开更多
This study proposes and systematically evaluates an optimized integration of warm surface seawater injection with depressurization for the long-term exploitation of marine natural gas hydrates.By employing comprehensi...This study proposes and systematically evaluates an optimized integration of warm surface seawater injection with depressurization for the long-term exploitation of marine natural gas hydrates.By employing comprehensive multiphysics simulations guided by field data from hydrate production tests in the South China Sea,we pinpoint key operational parameters—such as injection rates,depths,and timings—that notably enhance production efficiency.The results indicate that a 3-phase hydrate reservoir transitions from a free-gas-dominated production stage to a hydrate-decomposition-dominated stage.Moderate warm seawater injection supplies additional heat during the hydrate decomposition phase,thereby enhancing stable production;however,excessively high injection rates can impede the depressurization process.Only injection at an appropriate depth simultaneously balances thermal supplementation and the pressure gradient,leading to higher overall productivity.A“depressurization-driven sensible-heat supply window”is introduced,highlighting that timely seawater injection following initial depressurization prolongs reservoir dissociation dynamics.In this study area,commencing seawater injection at 170 d of depressurization proved optimal.This optimized integration leverages clean and renewable thermal energy,providing essential insights into thermal supplementation strategies with significant implications for sustainable,economically feasible,and efficient commercial-scale hydrate production.展开更多
Nanocrystals have emerged as cutting-edge functional materials benefiting from the increased surface and enhanced coupling of electronic states.High-resolution imaging in transmission electron microscope can provide i...Nanocrystals have emerged as cutting-edge functional materials benefiting from the increased surface and enhanced coupling of electronic states.High-resolution imaging in transmission electron microscope can provide invaluable structural information of crystalline materials,albeit it remains greatly challenging to nanocrystals due to the arduousness of accurate zone axis adjustment.Herein,a homemade software package,called SmartAxis,is developed for rapid yet accurate zone axis alignment of nanocrystals.Incident electron beam tilt is employed as an eccentric goniometer to measure the angular deviation of a crystal to a zone axis,and then serves as a linkage to calculate theαandβtilts of goniometer based on an accurate quantitative relationship.In this way,high-resolution imaging of one identical small Au nanocrystal,as well as electron beam-sensitive MIL-101 metal-organic framework crystals,along multiple zone axes,was performed successfully by using this accurate,time-and electron dose-saving zone axis alignment software package.展开更多
Objective: The objective is to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) on the oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in cardiomyocytes. Methods: SD rats were divided into control group...Objective: The objective is to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) on the oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in cardiomyocytes. Methods: SD rats were divided into control group, DOX group, GLPS low dose and high dose + DOX group. SOD and MDA levels in myocardial tissue were detected in each group. The expression of related proteins in each group was detected by Western blot. Results: GLPS can increase the SOD level and decrease MDA caused by DOX (p Conclusion: Ganoderma polysaccharide can improve the oxidative stress injury of myocardial tissue induced by doxorubicin and play a protective role in myocardial tissue.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)represents a major global health burden,ranking third as the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.This compre-hensive review examines the substantial body of evidence linkin...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)represents a major global health burden,ranking third as the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.This compre-hensive review examines the substantial body of evidence linking modifiable lifestyle factors to HCC pathogenesis and clinical outcomes.We systematically evaluate dietary components,alcohol consumption patterns,tobacco use,physical activity levels,and emerging factors including metabolic disorders,psychological stress,and sleep disturbances.These factors collectively influence hepatocarcino-genesis through diverse biological mechanisms,including genotoxic damage,metabolic dysregulation,chronic inflammatory responses,and gut microbiome-mediated pathways.The accumulated data underscore the urgent need to inte-grate lifestyle interventions into multidisciplinary HCC management.展开更多
Conversion of dryland to paddy fields(CDPF)is an effective way to transition from rain-fed to irrigated agricul ture,helping to mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture and increase yields to meet growing...Conversion of dryland to paddy fields(CDPF)is an effective way to transition from rain-fed to irrigated agricul ture,helping to mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture and increase yields to meet growing food demand.However,the suitability of CDPF is spatio-temporally dynamic but has often been neglected in previous studies.To fill this knowledge gap,this research developed a novel method for quantifying the suitability of CDPF,based on the MaxEnt model for application in Northeast China.We explored the spatiotemporal characteristics of the suitability of CDPF under the baseline scenario(2010-2020),and future projections(2030-2090)coupled with climate change and socioeconomic development scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585),and revealed the driving factors behind it.Based on this,we identified potential priority areas for future CDPF implementation.The results show that the suitability of CDPF projects implemented in the past ten years is relatively high.Com pared with the baseline scenario,the suitability of CDPF under the future scenarios will decline overall,with the lightest decrease in the RCP585 and the most severe decrease in the RCP245.The key drivers affecting the suitability of CDPF are elevation,slope,population count,total nitrogen,soil organic carbon content,and precip itation seasonality.The potential priority areas for the future CDPF range from 6,284.61 km^(2)to 37,006.02 km^(2).These findings demonstrate the challenges of CDPF in adapting to climate change and food security,and provide insights for food-producing regions around the world facing climate crises.展开更多
The increasing demand for unconventional oil and gas resources,especially oil shale,has highlighted the urgent need to develop rapid and accurate strata characterization methods.This paper is the first case and examin...The increasing demand for unconventional oil and gas resources,especially oil shale,has highlighted the urgent need to develop rapid and accurate strata characterization methods.This paper is the first case and examines the drilling process monitoring(DPM)method as a digital,accurate,cost-effective method to characterize oil shale reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,China.The digital DPM method provides real-time in situ testing of the relative variation in rock mechanical strength along the drill bit depth.Furthermore,it can give a refined rock quality designation based on the DPM zoning result(RQD(V_(DPM)))and a strength-grade characterization at the site.Oil shale has high heterogeneity and low strata strength.The digital results are further compared and verified with manual logging,cored samples,and digital panoramic borehole cameras.The findings highlight the innovative potential of the DPM method in identifying the zones of oil shale reservoir along the drill bit depth.The digital results provide a better understanding of the oil shale in Tongchuan and the potential for future oil shale exploration in other regions.展开更多
Atomically precise copper-based nanoclusters stand out as one of the highly promising catalysts in the realm of electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NITRR)aimed at ammonia(NH_(3))synthesis.However,the controllab...Atomically precise copper-based nanoclusters stand out as one of the highly promising catalysts in the realm of electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NITRR)aimed at ammonia(NH_(3))synthesis.However,the controllable synthesis of stable Cu-based nanoclusters featuring fully inorganic anionic ligands for electrochemical NITRR remains a challenge.Herein,we present a simple and gentle chelated co-precipitation method for the uniform growth of ultrafine amorphous Cu(OH)Cl(a-Cu(OH)Cl)nanoclusters,featuring a diameter of approximately 9 nm,onto carbon nanotubes(a-Cu(OH)Cl/CNTs),aimed at enhancing electrocatalytic NITRR performance.Intriguingly,trisodium citrate dihydrate(TCD)could effectively change the crystalline form of Cu-based nanoclusters to obtain a-Cu(OH)Cl nanoclusters instead of high-crystallinity Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl(c-Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl)nanoclusters.In comparison to c-Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl nanoclusters,a-Cu(OH)Cl nanoclusters,featuring a smaller particle size and containing more lowcoordination Cu atoms,provide more efficient catalytic sites,thereby enhancing the reaction rate and energy efficiency for NH_(3)production.The proposed chelated co-precipitation method provides a promising crystalline modulation engineering strategy to boost the electrocatalytic performances of metal nanoclusters.展开更多
With artificial intelligence’s rapid progress,language models like ChatGPT are entering higher education,offering opportunities and risks.We surveyed faculty and graduate students at Henan Medical University to exami...With artificial intelligence’s rapid progress,language models like ChatGPT are entering higher education,offering opportunities and risks.We surveyed faculty and graduate students at Henan Medical University to examine ChatGPT’s role in graduate neuroscience teaching.Quantitative analyses profiled awareness,usage patterns,perceived roles,effectiveness,and concerns.Overall usage remained below 50%.Faculty and students most often used ChatGPT for reference consultation,research support,and academic writing;user experience was generally positive.Respondents reported benefits for information and resource integration(78.42%),comprehension of complex concepts(74.10%),learning interest and engagement(62.59%),personalized learning(50.36%),and timely feedback with abundant resources(65.47%).Nevertheless,participants highlighted challenges including information accuracy,academic integrity,and technological dependence,which could impede independent learning and critical thinking.Many favored broader,well-guided adoption paired with training.We conclude that ChatGPT can meaningfully support graduate neuroscience education when integrated with human instruction,rigorous verification,and clear ethical safeguards.Future work should evaluate learning outcomes longitudinally,develop evidence-based implementation frameworks,and address equity and privacy to realize sustainable impact in specialized domains.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problems of heavy beany smell and serious whey precipitation of soy yogurt products.[Methods]Soybeans were selected as the raw material,which was soaked and ground,and...[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problems of heavy beany smell and serious whey precipitation of soy yogurt products.[Methods]Soybeans were selected as the raw material,which was soaked and ground,and different strains were used to ferment soy yogurt.The effects of single-strain and mixed-strain fermentation on the quality of soy yogurt were compared,and the optimal process conditions for fermenting soy yogurt were optimized.[Results]The quality of soy yogurt fermented by the mixed strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei was better than other single-strain fermentation and mixed-strain fermentation,and the best fermentation process adopted following parameters:2%of inoculum ratio,8%of carbon source including sucrose,lactose and glucose in equal proportion,and fermentation time 10 h.Under these conditions,the soy yogurt had a higher sensory score,the best stability,low beany smell and the mildest flavor.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for developing high-quality soy yogurt.展开更多
Monkeypox virus(MPXV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,caused a large-scale global outbreak in 2022.Developing mouse models for MPXV infection is crucial for advancing research on vaccines and therapeutic intervent...Monkeypox virus(MPXV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,caused a large-scale global outbreak in 2022.Developing mouse models for MPXV infection is crucial for advancing research on vaccines and therapeutic interventions.To address this,we conducted a comparative study on the susceptibility of six mouse strains—severe combined immune-deficiency(SCID),nude,genetically diabetic(db/db)and obese(ob/ob),C57BL/6J,and BALB/c—to MPXV infection.Mouse strains were infected with MPXV via intranasal inoculation,and body weight changes and mortality were monitored post-infection.Additionally,the tissue distribution of MPXV and the pathological changes in the lung tissues of the infected mice were evaluated.The results demonstrated that SCID and nude mice exhibited significant weight loss following MPXV infection,with 100%mortality observed in SCID mice,while no mortality occurred in nude mice.In contrast,the other mouse strains showed no significant weight loss or mortality.Notably,the viral load in the lung tissues of SCID and nude mice was the highest among the tested strains.Furthermore,we investigated the impact of different inoculation routes—intranasal(I.N.),intraperitoneal(I.P.),and intravenous(I.V.)—on the pathogenicity of MPXV in mice.The results revealed that the intravenous route induced more pronounced pathogenic effects compared to the intranasal and intraperitoneal routes.In summary,this study provides valuable insights into the development of MPXV-infected mouse models,offering a foundation for further research on MPXV pathogenesis and therapeutic drug development.展开更多
Background Tactile and mechanical pain are crucial to our interaction with the environment,yet the underpinning molecular mechanism is still elusive.Endophilin A2(EndoA2)is an evolutionarily conserved protein that is ...Background Tactile and mechanical pain are crucial to our interaction with the environment,yet the underpinning molecular mechanism is still elusive.Endophilin A2(EndoA2)is an evolutionarily conserved protein that is documented in the endocytosis pathway.However,the role of EndoA2 in the regulation of mechanical sensitivity and its underlying mechanisms are currently unclear.Methods Male and female C57BL/6 mice(8–12 weeks)and male cynomolgus monkeys(7–10 years old)were used in our experiments.Nerve injury-,inflammatory-,and chemotherapy-induced pathological pain models were established for this study.Behavioral tests of touch,mechanical pain,heat pain,and cold pain were performed in mice and nonhuman primates.Western blotting,immunostaining,co-immunoprecipitation,proximity ligation and patch-clamp recordings were performed to gain insight into the mechanisms.Results The results showed that EndoA2 was primarily distributed in neurofilament-200-positive(NF200+)medium-to-large diameter dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons of mice and humans.Loss of EndoA2 in mouse NF200+DRG neurons selectively impaired the tactile and mechanical allodynia.Furthermore,EndoA2 interacted with the mechanically sensitive ion channel Piezo2 and promoted the membrane trafficking of Piezo2 in DRG neurons.Moreover,as an adaptor protein,EndoA2 also bound to kinesin family member 5B(KIF5B),which was involved in the EndoA2-mediated membrane trafficking process of Piezo2.Loss of EndoA2 in mouse DRG neurons damaged Piezo2-mediated rapidly adapting mechanically activated currents,and re-expression of EndoA2 rescued the MA currents.In addition,interference with EndoA2 also suppressed touch sensitivity and mechanical hypersensitivity in nonhuman primates.Conclusions Our data reveal that the KIF5B/EndoA2/Piezo2 complex is essential for Piezo2 trafficking and for sustaining transmission of touch and mechanical hypersensitivity signals.EndoA2 regulates touch and mechanical allodynia via kinesin-mediated Piezo2 trafficking in sensory neurons.Our findings identify a potential new target for the treatment of mechanical pain.展开更多
Porous metals fabricated via three-dimensional(3D)printing have attracted extensive attention in many fields owing to their open pores and customization potential.However,dense internal structures produced by the powd...Porous metals fabricated via three-dimensional(3D)printing have attracted extensive attention in many fields owing to their open pores and customization potential.However,dense internal structures produced by the powder bed fusion technique fails to meet the feature of porous materials in scenarios that demand large specific surface areas.Herein,we propose a strategy for 3D printing of titanium scaffolds featuring multiscale porous internal structures via powder modification and digital light processing(DLP).After modification,the titanium powders were composited with acrylic resin and maintained spherical shapes.Compared with the raw powder slurries,the modified powder slurries exhibited higher stability and preferable curing characteristics,and the depth sensitivity of the modified powder slurries with 45 vol%solid loading increased by approximately 72%.Green scaffolds were subsequently printed from the slurries with a solid loading reaching 45 vol%via DLP 3D printing.The scaffolds had macropores(pore diameters of approximately 1 mm)and internal open micropores(pore diameters of approximately 5.7-13.0μm)after sintering.Additionally,these small-featured(approximately 320μm)scaffolds retained sufficient compressive strength((70.01±3.53)MPa)even with high porosity(approximately 73.95%).This work can facilitate the fabrication of multiscale porous metal scaffolds with high solid loading slurries,offering potential for applications requiring high specific surface area ratios.展开更多
The single-molecule detection tech-nique plays a pivotal role in elucidat-ing the fundamental mechanisms of various scientific processes at the molecular level,and holds essential im-portance in multiple fields includ...The single-molecule detection tech-nique plays a pivotal role in elucidat-ing the fundamental mechanisms of various scientific processes at the molecular level,and holds essential im-portance in multiple fields including physics,biology,and chemistry.Re-cently,single-molecule detection has garnered increasing attention owing to its practical utility in medical diagno-sis,primarily due to its exceptional sensitivity and the minimal sample volume required for analysis.However,the conventional single-molecule technique,represented by total internal reflection microscopy,faces challenges such as sophisticated operation procedures and limited detection throughput,thereby impeding its broader application.To address these limitations,we have demonstrated single-molecule detection using an integrated silicon photonic chip,of-fering a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative.By employing basic optics,we efficiently introduce the excitation source for single-molecule fluorescence by harnessing the strong evanescent field of high refractive-index waveguides.Subsequently,fluorescence signals are collected using basic optics comprising a water-immersion objective,relay optics,and a digi-tal camera.Our results highlight a low-cost,high-throughput single-molecule technique achieved through the integrated silicon photonic chip.This innovative approach is promised to facilitate the widespread adoption of single-molecule fluorescence in medical diagnosis.展开更多
The western margin of the Yangtze Block hosts diverse Neoproterozoic igneous rocks,with exposed S-type granites serving as key indicators for deciphering regional geological evolution.This study focuses on the Jiudaow...The western margin of the Yangtze Block hosts diverse Neoproterozoic igneous rocks,with exposed S-type granites serving as key indicators for deciphering regional geological evolution.This study focuses on the Jiudaowan granite pluton,located on the western margin of the Yangtze Block,through systematic petrographic,whole-rock geochemical,zircon and monazite U-Pb geochronology,and whole-rock Nd isotopic analyses aiming to elucidate its petrogenesis and tectonic significance.The Jiudaowan granite pluton is a composite body,consisting of the Luotaijiu,Jiudaowan,and Daheishan units,characterized by biotite monzogranites,muscovite-plagioclase granites,and two-mica monzogranites,respectively.LA-ICP-MS zircon and monazite U-Pb dating reveals crystallization ages between 832 and 798 Ma.The three units are peraluminous,containing minerals such as muscovite,garnet,and tourma-line,and exhibiting high SiO_(2)(72.99-77.83 wt%),Al_(2)O_(3)(12.36-15.02 wt%),and A/CNK values(1.06-1.43),con-firming their classification as peraluminous S-type granites.Compositional variations within the Jiudaowan granite pluton are primarily controlled by protolith composition and melting mechanisms.The pluton is distinguished by low CaO/Na_(2)O ratios(0.02-0.18),high Rb/Sr(0.83-113)and Rb/Ba(0.33-15.2)ratios,and negativeεNd(t)values(−13.6 to−9.1),indicating derivation from partial melting of het-erogeneous metasedimentary sources.MgO,TiO_(2),Rb/Sr,and whole-rock Zr saturation temperatures suggest that the Luotaijiu and Daheishan units formed via biotite dehydration melting,whereas the Jiudaowan unit resulted from muscovite dehydration melting.Additionally,the Jiudaowan granite pluton displays a clear negative correlation between Al_(2)O_(3),CaO,Fe_(2)O_(3)T,MgO,TiO_(2),and SiO_(2),along with pronounced Eu negative anomalies and depletions in Sr and Ti,suggesting fractional crystallization of feldspar,mica,and Fe-Ti oxides during magma emplacement.Similarly,variable incompatible element ratios of Nb/U(1.07-18.97)and Nb/La(0.24-26.88)further indicate minor crustal assimilation and contamination during magma evolution.Integrating regional geological data,we propose that the Jiudaowan pluton formed during crustal thickening associated with post-collisional extension,likely related to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent.展开更多
Objective:Whether vortioxetine has a utility as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial.This study aimed to validate the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine in bipolar depression....Objective:Whether vortioxetine has a utility as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial.This study aimed to validate the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine in bipolar depression.Methods:Patients with bipolarⅡdepression were enrolled in this prospective,two-center,randomized,12-week pilot trial.The main indicator for assessing treatment effectiveness was a Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS)of≥50%.All eligible patients initially received four weeks of lurasidone monotherapy.Patients who responded well continued to receive this kind of monotherapy.However,no-response patients were randomly assigned to either valproate or vortioxetine treatment for eight weeks.By comprehensively comparing the results of MADRS over a period of 4-12 weeks,a systematic analysis was conducted to determine whether vortioxetine could be used as an adjuvant drug for treating bipolar depression.Results:Thirty-seven patients responded to lurasidone monotherapy,and 60 patients were randomly assigned to the valproate or vortioxetine group for eight weeks.After two weeks of combined valproate or vortioxetine treatment,the MADRS score in the vortioxetine group was significantly lower than that in the valproate group.There was no difference in the MADRS scores between the two groups at 8 and 12 weeks.The incidence of side effects did not significantly differ between the valproate and vortioxetine groups.Importantly,three patients in the vortioxetine group appeared to switch to mania or hypomania.Conclusions:This study suggested that lurasidone combination with vortioxetine might have potential benefits to bipolar II depression in the early stage,while disease progression should be monitored closely for the risk of switching to mania.展开更多
In this paper,the Orlicz centroid function for log-concave functions is introduced.A rearrangement inequality of the Orlicz centroid function for log-concave functions is obtained.The rearrangement inequality implies ...In this paper,the Orlicz centroid function for log-concave functions is introduced.A rearrangement inequality of the Orlicz centroid function for log-concave functions is obtained.The rearrangement inequality implies the Orlicz Busemann-Petty centroid inequality of Lutwak,Yang and Zhang[23].展开更多
Under the background of intelligent education,the traditional teaching model of“ecotourism”has become increasingly problematic and is no longer able to meet the needs of talent cultivation.Based on the OBE(Outcomes-...Under the background of intelligent education,the traditional teaching model of“ecotourism”has become increasingly problematic and is no longer able to meet the needs of talent cultivation.Based on the OBE(Outcomes-Based Education)concept,this study explores the necessity,pathways,and methods for the reform of the“ecotourism”course.By reconstructing the teaching objective system oriented towards student learning outcomes,optimizing teaching content and methods,and innovating the evaluation mechanism;and by integrating teaching resources with intelligent education technologies to build a blended online-offline teaching model,the course can better meet industry needs and student development,thereby cultivating high-quality talents that can adapt to the new era of ecotourism development.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31760290,82160688the Key Development Areas Project of Ganzhou Science and Technology,No.2022B-SF9554(all to XL)。
文摘Synaptic pruning is a crucial process in synaptic refinement,eliminating unstable synaptic connections in neural circuits.This process is triggered and regulated primarily by spontaneous neural activity and experience-dependent mechanisms.The pruning process involves multiple molecular signals and a series of regulatory activities governing the“eat me”and“don't eat me”states.Under physiological conditions,the interaction between glial cells and neurons results in the clearance of unnecessary synapses,maintaining normal neural circuit functionality via synaptic pruning.Alterations in genetic and environmental factors can lead to imbalanced synaptic pruning,thus promoting the occurrence and development of autism spectrum disorder,schizophrenia,Alzheimer's disease,and other neurological disorders.In this review,we investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for synaptic pruning during neural development.We focus on how synaptic pruning can regulate neural circuits and its association with neurological disorders.Furthermore,we discuss the application of emerging optical and imaging technologies to observe synaptic structure and function,as well as their potential for clinical translation.Our aim was to enhance our understanding of synaptic pruning during neural development,including the molecular basis underlying the regulation of synaptic function and the dynamic changes in synaptic density,and to investigate the potential role of these mechanisms in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases,thus providing a theoretical foundation for the treatment of neurological disorders.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375101)the Natural Science of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(24KJB430027).
文摘Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without the dependence of antibiotic.Methods:Herein,we prepared ultrasound/magnetic field-responsive ferroferric oxide nanoparticles(Fe_(3)O_(4))/glucose oxidase microbubbles(FGMB)to form a cascade catalytic system for effective removing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.FGMB were prepared through interfacial self-assembly of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles(NPs)and glucose oxidase(GOx)at the gas-liquid interface stabilized by surfactants.Under ultrasound/magnetic field stimulation,FGMB disrupted biofilm architecture through microbubble collapse-induced microjets and magnetically driven displacement.Simultaneously,ultrasound-triggered rupture of FGMB released GOx and Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs.Glucose can be oxidized by GOx to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide which was subsequently catalyzed into hydroxyl radicals by Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs,enabling chemical eradication of biofilm-embedded bacteria.Results:Optical microscopy images demonstrated that FGMB have spherical structure with average size of approximately 17μm.FGMB showed a 65.4%decrease in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm biomass and 1.1 log bacterial inactivation efficiency(91.2%),suggesting effective biofilm elimination.In vitro experimental results also indicate that FGMB have good biocompatibility.Conclusion:This antibiofilm strategy integrated dual modes of physical biofilm disruption with chemical bacteria-killing shows great potential as a versatile,non-resistant strategy for bacterial biofilm elimination.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.2021B1515140007).
文摘In a rapid cycling synchrotron(RCS),the magnetic field is synchronized with the beam energy,creating a highly dynamic magnetic environment.A ceramic chamber with a shielding layer(RF shield),composed of a series of copper strips connected to a capacitor at either end,is typically employed as a vacuum chamber to mitigate eddy current effects and beam coupling impedance.Consequently,the ceramic chamber exhibits a thin-walled multilayered complex structure.Previous theoretical studies have suggested that the impedance of such a structure has a negligible impact on the beam.However,recent impedance measurements of the ceramic chamber in the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)RCS revealed a resonance in the low-frequency range,which was confirmed by further theoretical analysis as a source of beam instability in the RCS.Currently,the magnitude of this impedance cannot be accurately assessed using theoretical calculations.In this study,we used the CST Microwave Studio to confirm the impedance of the ceramic chamber.Further simulations covering six different types of ceramic chambers were conducted to develop an impedance model in the RCS.Additionally,this study investigates the resonant characteristics of the ceramic chamber impedance,finding that the resonant frequency is closely related to the capacitance of the capacitors.This finding provides clear directions for further impedance optimization and is crucial for achieving a beam power of 500 kW for the CSNS Phase-Ⅱ project(CSNS-Ⅱ).However,careful attention must be paid to the voltage across the capacitors.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFB4206700)the Joint Geological Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2244223)+5 种基金the China Scholarship Council Program(No.202404910533)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2020B0301030003)the China Geological Survey Project(No.DD20211350)the Key Deployment Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.YJKYYQ20190043,ZDBS-LY-DQC003,KFZD-SW-422,and ZDRW-ZS-2021-3-1)the Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(No.2022DJ5503)the Supercomputing Laboratory,IGGCAS.
文摘This study proposes and systematically evaluates an optimized integration of warm surface seawater injection with depressurization for the long-term exploitation of marine natural gas hydrates.By employing comprehensive multiphysics simulations guided by field data from hydrate production tests in the South China Sea,we pinpoint key operational parameters—such as injection rates,depths,and timings—that notably enhance production efficiency.The results indicate that a 3-phase hydrate reservoir transitions from a free-gas-dominated production stage to a hydrate-decomposition-dominated stage.Moderate warm seawater injection supplies additional heat during the hydrate decomposition phase,thereby enhancing stable production;however,excessively high injection rates can impede the depressurization process.Only injection at an appropriate depth simultaneously balances thermal supplementation and the pressure gradient,leading to higher overall productivity.A“depressurization-driven sensible-heat supply window”is introduced,highlighting that timely seawater injection following initial depressurization prolongs reservoir dissociation dynamics.In this study area,commencing seawater injection at 170 d of depressurization proved optimal.This optimized integration leverages clean and renewable thermal energy,providing essential insights into thermal supplementation strategies with significant implications for sustainable,economically feasible,and efficient commercial-scale hydrate production.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1501002)Thousand Talents Program for Distinguished Young Scholars.X.Li thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22309021).
文摘Nanocrystals have emerged as cutting-edge functional materials benefiting from the increased surface and enhanced coupling of electronic states.High-resolution imaging in transmission electron microscope can provide invaluable structural information of crystalline materials,albeit it remains greatly challenging to nanocrystals due to the arduousness of accurate zone axis adjustment.Herein,a homemade software package,called SmartAxis,is developed for rapid yet accurate zone axis alignment of nanocrystals.Incident electron beam tilt is employed as an eccentric goniometer to measure the angular deviation of a crystal to a zone axis,and then serves as a linkage to calculate theαandβtilts of goniometer based on an accurate quantitative relationship.In this way,high-resolution imaging of one identical small Au nanocrystal,as well as electron beam-sensitive MIL-101 metal-organic framework crystals,along multiple zone axes,was performed successfully by using this accurate,time-and electron dose-saving zone axis alignment software package.
文摘Objective: The objective is to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) on the oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in cardiomyocytes. Methods: SD rats were divided into control group, DOX group, GLPS low dose and high dose + DOX group. SOD and MDA levels in myocardial tissue were detected in each group. The expression of related proteins in each group was detected by Western blot. Results: GLPS can increase the SOD level and decrease MDA caused by DOX (p Conclusion: Ganoderma polysaccharide can improve the oxidative stress injury of myocardial tissue induced by doxorubicin and play a protective role in myocardial tissue.
基金Supported by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine,No.2021-I2M-1-015the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82330061 and No.82001937+1 种基金the Peking Union Medical College Graduate Curriculum Informatization Development Special Fund Project,No.2024YXX004the Science and Education Cultivation Fund of the National Cancer and Regional Medical Center of Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital,No.TD2023003.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)represents a major global health burden,ranking third as the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.This compre-hensive review examines the substantial body of evidence linking modifiable lifestyle factors to HCC pathogenesis and clinical outcomes.We systematically evaluate dietary components,alcohol consumption patterns,tobacco use,physical activity levels,and emerging factors including metabolic disorders,psychological stress,and sleep disturbances.These factors collectively influence hepatocarcino-genesis through diverse biological mechanisms,including genotoxic damage,metabolic dysregulation,chronic inflammatory responses,and gut microbiome-mediated pathways.The accumulated data underscore the urgent need to inte-grate lifestyle interventions into multidisciplinary HCC management.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education of Human-ities and Social Science project,China(Grant No.21YJA630121)the National Key Technology R&D Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2023YFD1500103)+2 种基金the Tsinghua Rural Studies PhD Scholarship(Grant No.202323)2023 Gradu-ate Innovation Fund Project of China University of Geosciences,Beijing(Grant No.ZD2023YC043)National Social Science Fund of China(Grants No.19ZDA096 and 20&ZD090)。
文摘Conversion of dryland to paddy fields(CDPF)is an effective way to transition from rain-fed to irrigated agricul ture,helping to mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture and increase yields to meet growing food demand.However,the suitability of CDPF is spatio-temporally dynamic but has often been neglected in previous studies.To fill this knowledge gap,this research developed a novel method for quantifying the suitability of CDPF,based on the MaxEnt model for application in Northeast China.We explored the spatiotemporal characteristics of the suitability of CDPF under the baseline scenario(2010-2020),and future projections(2030-2090)coupled with climate change and socioeconomic development scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585),and revealed the driving factors behind it.Based on this,we identified potential priority areas for future CDPF implementation.The results show that the suitability of CDPF projects implemented in the past ten years is relatively high.Com pared with the baseline scenario,the suitability of CDPF under the future scenarios will decline overall,with the lightest decrease in the RCP585 and the most severe decrease in the RCP245.The key drivers affecting the suitability of CDPF are elevation,slope,population count,total nitrogen,soil organic carbon content,and precip itation seasonality.The potential priority areas for the future CDPF range from 6,284.61 km^(2)to 37,006.02 km^(2).These findings demonstrate the challenges of CDPF in adapting to climate change and food security,and provide insights for food-producing regions around the world facing climate crises.
基金supported by grants from the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Grant No.HKU 7137/03E)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41977248)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB10030100).
文摘The increasing demand for unconventional oil and gas resources,especially oil shale,has highlighted the urgent need to develop rapid and accurate strata characterization methods.This paper is the first case and examines the drilling process monitoring(DPM)method as a digital,accurate,cost-effective method to characterize oil shale reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,China.The digital DPM method provides real-time in situ testing of the relative variation in rock mechanical strength along the drill bit depth.Furthermore,it can give a refined rock quality designation based on the DPM zoning result(RQD(V_(DPM)))and a strength-grade characterization at the site.Oil shale has high heterogeneity and low strata strength.The digital results are further compared and verified with manual logging,cored samples,and digital panoramic borehole cameras.The findings highlight the innovative potential of the DPM method in identifying the zones of oil shale reservoir along the drill bit depth.The digital results provide a better understanding of the oil shale in Tongchuan and the potential for future oil shale exploration in other regions.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22479074 and 22475096)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC1074 and 2025NSFTD0005)+9 种基金the Talent Introduction Plan of Xihua University(Z222051)the Equipment Pre-Research and MOE Joint Fund General Project(8091B02052407)the National Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20240400 and BK20241236)the Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Major Project(BG2024013)the Jiangsu Province Scientiflc and Technological Achievenments Transformation Special Fund(BA2023037)the Jiangsu Province Academic Degree and Postgraduate Education Reform Project(JGKT24_C001)the Suzhou City Key Core Technology Open Competition Project(SYG2024122)the Open Research Fund of Suzhou Laboratory(SZLAB-1308-2024TS005)the Suzhou City Gusu Leading Talent Program of Scientific and Technological Innovation and Entrepreneurship(ZXL2021273)the Chenzhou National Sustainable Development Agenda Innovation Demonstration Zone Provincial Special Project(2023sfq11)。
文摘Atomically precise copper-based nanoclusters stand out as one of the highly promising catalysts in the realm of electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NITRR)aimed at ammonia(NH_(3))synthesis.However,the controllable synthesis of stable Cu-based nanoclusters featuring fully inorganic anionic ligands for electrochemical NITRR remains a challenge.Herein,we present a simple and gentle chelated co-precipitation method for the uniform growth of ultrafine amorphous Cu(OH)Cl(a-Cu(OH)Cl)nanoclusters,featuring a diameter of approximately 9 nm,onto carbon nanotubes(a-Cu(OH)Cl/CNTs),aimed at enhancing electrocatalytic NITRR performance.Intriguingly,trisodium citrate dihydrate(TCD)could effectively change the crystalline form of Cu-based nanoclusters to obtain a-Cu(OH)Cl nanoclusters instead of high-crystallinity Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl(c-Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl)nanoclusters.In comparison to c-Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl nanoclusters,a-Cu(OH)Cl nanoclusters,featuring a smaller particle size and containing more lowcoordination Cu atoms,provide more efficient catalytic sites,thereby enhancing the reaction rate and energy efficiency for NH_(3)production.The proposed chelated co-precipitation method provides a promising crystalline modulation engineering strategy to boost the electrocatalytic performances of metal nanoclusters.
基金supported by the Henan Province Graduate Education Reform and Quality Enhancement Program(YJS2024ZX26,YJS2023JD25)Henan Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project(Graduate Education Category)(2023SJGLX234Y)Henan Medical University Education and Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project(2024-XYJG-78).
文摘With artificial intelligence’s rapid progress,language models like ChatGPT are entering higher education,offering opportunities and risks.We surveyed faculty and graduate students at Henan Medical University to examine ChatGPT’s role in graduate neuroscience teaching.Quantitative analyses profiled awareness,usage patterns,perceived roles,effectiveness,and concerns.Overall usage remained below 50%.Faculty and students most often used ChatGPT for reference consultation,research support,and academic writing;user experience was generally positive.Respondents reported benefits for information and resource integration(78.42%),comprehension of complex concepts(74.10%),learning interest and engagement(62.59%),personalized learning(50.36%),and timely feedback with abundant resources(65.47%).Nevertheless,participants highlighted challenges including information accuracy,academic integrity,and technological dependence,which could impede independent learning and critical thinking.Many favored broader,well-guided adoption paired with training.We conclude that ChatGPT can meaningfully support graduate neuroscience education when integrated with human instruction,rigorous verification,and clear ethical safeguards.Future work should evaluate learning outcomes longitudinally,develop evidence-based implementation frameworks,and address equity and privacy to realize sustainable impact in specialized domains.
基金Supported by Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Shaoyang University(CX2023SY028,CX2024SY032)+1 种基金Key Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(21A048)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ50232).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problems of heavy beany smell and serious whey precipitation of soy yogurt products.[Methods]Soybeans were selected as the raw material,which was soaked and ground,and different strains were used to ferment soy yogurt.The effects of single-strain and mixed-strain fermentation on the quality of soy yogurt were compared,and the optimal process conditions for fermenting soy yogurt were optimized.[Results]The quality of soy yogurt fermented by the mixed strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei was better than other single-strain fermentation and mixed-strain fermentation,and the best fermentation process adopted following parameters:2%of inoculum ratio,8%of carbon source including sucrose,lactose and glucose in equal proportion,and fermentation time 10 h.Under these conditions,the soy yogurt had a higher sensory score,the best stability,low beany smell and the mildest flavor.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for developing high-quality soy yogurt.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFD1800403 and 2023YFD1800404)。
文摘Monkeypox virus(MPXV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,caused a large-scale global outbreak in 2022.Developing mouse models for MPXV infection is crucial for advancing research on vaccines and therapeutic interventions.To address this,we conducted a comparative study on the susceptibility of six mouse strains—severe combined immune-deficiency(SCID),nude,genetically diabetic(db/db)and obese(ob/ob),C57BL/6J,and BALB/c—to MPXV infection.Mouse strains were infected with MPXV via intranasal inoculation,and body weight changes and mortality were monitored post-infection.Additionally,the tissue distribution of MPXV and the pathological changes in the lung tissues of the infected mice were evaluated.The results demonstrated that SCID and nude mice exhibited significant weight loss following MPXV infection,with 100%mortality observed in SCID mice,while no mortality occurred in nude mice.In contrast,the other mouse strains showed no significant weight loss or mortality.Notably,the viral load in the lung tissues of SCID and nude mice was the highest among the tested strains.Furthermore,we investigated the impact of different inoculation routes—intranasal(I.N.),intraperitoneal(I.P.),and intravenous(I.V.)—on the pathogenicity of MPXV in mice.The results revealed that the intravenous route induced more pronounced pathogenic effects compared to the intranasal and intraperitoneal routes.In summary,this study provides valuable insights into the development of MPXV-infected mouse models,offering a foundation for further research on MPXV pathogenesis and therapeutic drug development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271241 and 82001172 to XLZ,81801112 to MXX)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515012389 to MXX,2022A1515012543 to RCL)+2 种基金Young Talent Support Project of Guangzhou Association for Science and Technology(QT20220101169 to XLZ)Excellent Young Talents Project of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences(KY012021188 to XLZ)Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(202201010792 to RCL)。
文摘Background Tactile and mechanical pain are crucial to our interaction with the environment,yet the underpinning molecular mechanism is still elusive.Endophilin A2(EndoA2)is an evolutionarily conserved protein that is documented in the endocytosis pathway.However,the role of EndoA2 in the regulation of mechanical sensitivity and its underlying mechanisms are currently unclear.Methods Male and female C57BL/6 mice(8–12 weeks)and male cynomolgus monkeys(7–10 years old)were used in our experiments.Nerve injury-,inflammatory-,and chemotherapy-induced pathological pain models were established for this study.Behavioral tests of touch,mechanical pain,heat pain,and cold pain were performed in mice and nonhuman primates.Western blotting,immunostaining,co-immunoprecipitation,proximity ligation and patch-clamp recordings were performed to gain insight into the mechanisms.Results The results showed that EndoA2 was primarily distributed in neurofilament-200-positive(NF200+)medium-to-large diameter dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons of mice and humans.Loss of EndoA2 in mouse NF200+DRG neurons selectively impaired the tactile and mechanical allodynia.Furthermore,EndoA2 interacted with the mechanically sensitive ion channel Piezo2 and promoted the membrane trafficking of Piezo2 in DRG neurons.Moreover,as an adaptor protein,EndoA2 also bound to kinesin family member 5B(KIF5B),which was involved in the EndoA2-mediated membrane trafficking process of Piezo2.Loss of EndoA2 in mouse DRG neurons damaged Piezo2-mediated rapidly adapting mechanically activated currents,and re-expression of EndoA2 rescued the MA currents.In addition,interference with EndoA2 also suppressed touch sensitivity and mechanical hypersensitivity in nonhuman primates.Conclusions Our data reveal that the KIF5B/EndoA2/Piezo2 complex is essential for Piezo2 trafficking and for sustaining transmission of touch and mechanical hypersensitivity signals.EndoA2 regulates touch and mechanical allodynia via kinesin-mediated Piezo2 trafficking in sensory neurons.Our findings identify a potential new target for the treatment of mechanical pain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52405326,52105588 and 52075421)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2024GX-YBXM-222 and 2023-YBSF-276)。
文摘Porous metals fabricated via three-dimensional(3D)printing have attracted extensive attention in many fields owing to their open pores and customization potential.However,dense internal structures produced by the powder bed fusion technique fails to meet the feature of porous materials in scenarios that demand large specific surface areas.Herein,we propose a strategy for 3D printing of titanium scaffolds featuring multiscale porous internal structures via powder modification and digital light processing(DLP).After modification,the titanium powders were composited with acrylic resin and maintained spherical shapes.Compared with the raw powder slurries,the modified powder slurries exhibited higher stability and preferable curing characteristics,and the depth sensitivity of the modified powder slurries with 45 vol%solid loading increased by approximately 72%.Green scaffolds were subsequently printed from the slurries with a solid loading reaching 45 vol%via DLP 3D printing.The scaffolds had macropores(pore diameters of approximately 1 mm)and internal open micropores(pore diameters of approximately 5.7-13.0μm)after sintering.Additionally,these small-featured(approximately 320μm)scaffolds retained sufficient compressive strength((70.01±3.53)MPa)even with high porosity(approximately 73.95%).This work can facilitate the fabrication of multiscale porous metal scaffolds with high solid loading slurries,offering potential for applications requiring high specific surface area ratios.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2022YFE0107400)the internal research funding from Photonic View Technology Technology Co.,Ltd.the GuangCi Deep Mind Project of Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.
文摘The single-molecule detection tech-nique plays a pivotal role in elucidat-ing the fundamental mechanisms of various scientific processes at the molecular level,and holds essential im-portance in multiple fields including physics,biology,and chemistry.Re-cently,single-molecule detection has garnered increasing attention owing to its practical utility in medical diagno-sis,primarily due to its exceptional sensitivity and the minimal sample volume required for analysis.However,the conventional single-molecule technique,represented by total internal reflection microscopy,faces challenges such as sophisticated operation procedures and limited detection throughput,thereby impeding its broader application.To address these limitations,we have demonstrated single-molecule detection using an integrated silicon photonic chip,of-fering a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative.By employing basic optics,we efficiently introduce the excitation source for single-molecule fluorescence by harnessing the strong evanescent field of high refractive-index waveguides.Subsequently,fluorescence signals are collected using basic optics comprising a water-immersion objective,relay optics,and a digi-tal camera.Our results highlight a low-cost,high-throughput single-molecule technique achieved through the integrated silicon photonic chip.This innovative approach is promised to facilitate the widespread adoption of single-molecule fluorescence in medical diagnosis.
基金supported by the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2024ZD1001600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.42302223,42162012 and 42402069)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(Grants No.202401CF070093).
文摘The western margin of the Yangtze Block hosts diverse Neoproterozoic igneous rocks,with exposed S-type granites serving as key indicators for deciphering regional geological evolution.This study focuses on the Jiudaowan granite pluton,located on the western margin of the Yangtze Block,through systematic petrographic,whole-rock geochemical,zircon and monazite U-Pb geochronology,and whole-rock Nd isotopic analyses aiming to elucidate its petrogenesis and tectonic significance.The Jiudaowan granite pluton is a composite body,consisting of the Luotaijiu,Jiudaowan,and Daheishan units,characterized by biotite monzogranites,muscovite-plagioclase granites,and two-mica monzogranites,respectively.LA-ICP-MS zircon and monazite U-Pb dating reveals crystallization ages between 832 and 798 Ma.The three units are peraluminous,containing minerals such as muscovite,garnet,and tourma-line,and exhibiting high SiO_(2)(72.99-77.83 wt%),Al_(2)O_(3)(12.36-15.02 wt%),and A/CNK values(1.06-1.43),con-firming their classification as peraluminous S-type granites.Compositional variations within the Jiudaowan granite pluton are primarily controlled by protolith composition and melting mechanisms.The pluton is distinguished by low CaO/Na_(2)O ratios(0.02-0.18),high Rb/Sr(0.83-113)and Rb/Ba(0.33-15.2)ratios,and negativeεNd(t)values(−13.6 to−9.1),indicating derivation from partial melting of het-erogeneous metasedimentary sources.MgO,TiO_(2),Rb/Sr,and whole-rock Zr saturation temperatures suggest that the Luotaijiu and Daheishan units formed via biotite dehydration melting,whereas the Jiudaowan unit resulted from muscovite dehydration melting.Additionally,the Jiudaowan granite pluton displays a clear negative correlation between Al_(2)O_(3),CaO,Fe_(2)O_(3)T,MgO,TiO_(2),and SiO_(2),along with pronounced Eu negative anomalies and depletions in Sr and Ti,suggesting fractional crystallization of feldspar,mica,and Fe-Ti oxides during magma emplacement.Similarly,variable incompatible element ratios of Nb/U(1.07-18.97)and Nb/La(0.24-26.88)further indicate minor crustal assimilation and contamination during magma evolution.Integrating regional geological data,we propose that the Jiudaowan pluton formed during crustal thickening associated with post-collisional extension,likely related to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent.
基金partially supported by the Construction Fund of Key Medical Disciplines of Hangzhou(No.OO2020491)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2506200)+4 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2021C03107)the Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory(No.JNL-2023001B)the Leading Talent of Scientific and Technological Innovation-“Ten Thousand Talents Program”of Zhejiang Province(No.2021R52016)the Innovation Team for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases(No.2020R01001)the Chinese Medical Education Association(No.2022KTZ004).
文摘Objective:Whether vortioxetine has a utility as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial.This study aimed to validate the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine in bipolar depression.Methods:Patients with bipolarⅡdepression were enrolled in this prospective,two-center,randomized,12-week pilot trial.The main indicator for assessing treatment effectiveness was a Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS)of≥50%.All eligible patients initially received four weeks of lurasidone monotherapy.Patients who responded well continued to receive this kind of monotherapy.However,no-response patients were randomly assigned to either valproate or vortioxetine treatment for eight weeks.By comprehensively comparing the results of MADRS over a period of 4-12 weeks,a systematic analysis was conducted to determine whether vortioxetine could be used as an adjuvant drug for treating bipolar depression.Results:Thirty-seven patients responded to lurasidone monotherapy,and 60 patients were randomly assigned to the valproate or vortioxetine group for eight weeks.After two weeks of combined valproate or vortioxetine treatment,the MADRS score in the vortioxetine group was significantly lower than that in the valproate group.There was no difference in the MADRS scores between the two groups at 8 and 12 weeks.The incidence of side effects did not significantly differ between the valproate and vortioxetine groups.Importantly,three patients in the vortioxetine group appeared to switch to mania or hypomania.Conclusions:This study suggested that lurasidone combination with vortioxetine might have potential benefits to bipolar II depression in the early stage,while disease progression should be monitored closely for the risk of switching to mania.
基金Supported in part by NSFC(12071378,12461009),20XLB012,KJQN202100527,CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0259 and KJQN202300557.
文摘In this paper,the Orlicz centroid function for log-concave functions is introduced.A rearrangement inequality of the Orlicz centroid function for log-concave functions is obtained.The rearrangement inequality implies the Orlicz Busemann-Petty centroid inequality of Lutwak,Yang and Zhang[23].
基金Research Project on Educational and Teaching Reform in Undergraduate Universities of Fujian Province:Comprehensive Reform and Practice of“Ecotourism”Course Teaching in the Context of Intelligent Teaching Environment(Project No.:FBJG20220208)Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform in Sanming University:Research on the Construction of College Students’Mental Health Education Curriculum System under the Background of Professional Certification(Project No.:JD22130P)University-level research project on ideological and political education in courses in Sanming University:Exploration and Practice of Teaching Reform in Ideological and Political Education of Ecotourism Course under the Background of the“Two Mountains Theory”(Project No.:202408)。
文摘Under the background of intelligent education,the traditional teaching model of“ecotourism”has become increasingly problematic and is no longer able to meet the needs of talent cultivation.Based on the OBE(Outcomes-Based Education)concept,this study explores the necessity,pathways,and methods for the reform of the“ecotourism”course.By reconstructing the teaching objective system oriented towards student learning outcomes,optimizing teaching content and methods,and innovating the evaluation mechanism;and by integrating teaching resources with intelligent education technologies to build a blended online-offline teaching model,the course can better meet industry needs and student development,thereby cultivating high-quality talents that can adapt to the new era of ecotourism development.
