为探究化肥减量结合有机肥配施对蔬菜生长及土壤的影响,以木耳菜(Basella alba L.)为研究对象,开展黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥部分替代尿素的田间实验。设置4个不同比例(对照(CK)、20%替代(SW-20)、40%替代(SW-40)和60%替代(SW-60))有机肥...为探究化肥减量结合有机肥配施对蔬菜生长及土壤的影响,以木耳菜(Basella alba L.)为研究对象,开展黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥部分替代尿素的田间实验。设置4个不同比例(对照(CK)、20%替代(SW-20)、40%替代(SW-40)和60%替代(SW-60))有机肥氮替代尿素氮处理。结果表明:与CK组相比,SW-40处理组对木耳菜的整体生长发育效果最好,株高、根长、叶片数、叶面积、鲜质量和干质量等分别提高8.71%、30.82%、30.29%、36.96%、46.10%、37.67%,L^(*)值(亮度)、a^(*)值(黄青色度)、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸、总酚、类黄酮、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量分别提高4.05%、6.05%、12.26%、2.92%、9.80%、6.73%、6.43%、24.07%、3.15%;SW-60处理组的土壤电导率降低42.33%,有机质和碱解氮含量分别提高23.25%、13.33%。可见,黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥能够有效促进木耳菜的生长发育,改善土壤质量。同时,SW-40处理对木耳菜生长效果最佳,SW-60处理对土壤肥力提高最有效。展开更多
Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)play essential roles in the metabolism of collagens;however,information regarding MMPs in aquatic animals is limited.To elucidate the specific role of MMPs in shrimp muscle degradation,p...Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)play essential roles in the metabolism of collagens;however,information regarding MMPs in aquatic animals is limited.To elucidate the specific role of MMPs in shrimp muscle degradation,proteinases with gelati-nolytic activity were identified in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei(Lv).The gelatinolytic activity was suppressed by metalloproteinase inhibitors EDTA and EGTA to some degree,suggesting the existence of metalloproteinases.Then the catalytic do-main of LvMMP-2(LvMMP-2c)was cloned and expressed heterologously in the Pichia pastoris expression system.rLvMMP-2c(re-combinant LvMMP-2c)demonstrated optimal gelatinolytic activity at pH 8.0 and 50℃,and its activity could be enhanced by Ca^(2+)and Ba^(2+).Type I collagen and myofibrillar proteins from shrimp were effectively hydrolyzed by rLvMMP-2c not only at 37℃,but also at 4℃,indicating its involvement in the postmortem tenderization of shrimp muscle.Our present study provided new informa-tion to elucidate the role of metalloproteinase underlying shrimp meat softening during cold storage,and suggested new strategies to prevent shrimp quality decrement during cold storage.展开更多
为研究不同干燥方式对低盐腌制鲍鱼复水品质的影响,本研究采用真空冷冻干燥、冷风干燥与热风干燥对其进行干燥处理,研究其复水过程的质量体积和复水率,并通过低场核磁共振(low field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)和磁共振成像(ma...为研究不同干燥方式对低盐腌制鲍鱼复水品质的影响,本研究采用真空冷冻干燥、冷风干燥与热风干燥对其进行干燥处理,研究其复水过程的质量体积和复水率,并通过低场核磁共振(low field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)和磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)研究复水过程的水分分布以及复水后的色差、质构、组织形态、游离氨基酸等变化情况。结果表明,在72 h时真空冷冻干鲍的复水率为278.73%,显著高于冷风干鲍和热风干鲍的复水率(P<0.05)。由LF-NMR和MRI结果分析得出,不易流动水和自由水含量是三种干鲍水分含量增加的主要因素。真空冷冻干鲍、冷风干燥和热风干鲍分别在72、48和24 h时复水完成。不同的干燥方式影响复水后的质构,结果显示,三种干燥方式的鲍鱼样品硬度与咀嚼性均有显著差异(P<0.05),真空冷冻干燥鲍鱼复水后硬度和咀嚼性最低,分别为954.01和708.59 g;热风干燥鲍鱼复水后硬度与咀嚼性最高,分别为1230.14和920.02 g。组织学染色与扫描电镜结果显示,真空冷冻干鲍的肌肉组织为较疏松的多孔结构;冷风干鲍和热风干鲍的组织为较细长和致密的结构。综上,真空冷冻干燥鲍鱼的复水率最高,硬度和咀嚼性最低,口感最好,但滋味不及热风干燥鲍鱼。本研究结果可为了解不同干燥方法对低盐腌制鲍鱼产品品质的影响提供理论参考。展开更多
文摘为探究化肥减量结合有机肥配施对蔬菜生长及土壤的影响,以木耳菜(Basella alba L.)为研究对象,开展黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥部分替代尿素的田间实验。设置4个不同比例(对照(CK)、20%替代(SW-20)、40%替代(SW-40)和60%替代(SW-60))有机肥氮替代尿素氮处理。结果表明:与CK组相比,SW-40处理组对木耳菜的整体生长发育效果最好,株高、根长、叶片数、叶面积、鲜质量和干质量等分别提高8.71%、30.82%、30.29%、36.96%、46.10%、37.67%,L^(*)值(亮度)、a^(*)值(黄青色度)、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸、总酚、类黄酮、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量分别提高4.05%、6.05%、12.26%、2.92%、9.80%、6.73%、6.43%、24.07%、3.15%;SW-60处理组的土壤电导率降低42.33%,有机质和碱解氮含量分别提高23.25%、13.33%。可见,黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥能够有效促进木耳菜的生长发育,改善土壤质量。同时,SW-40处理对木耳菜生长效果最佳,SW-60处理对土壤肥力提高最有效。
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0901004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772049)the Agricultural Guidance Program of Fujian Province(No.2024N0057).
文摘Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)play essential roles in the metabolism of collagens;however,information regarding MMPs in aquatic animals is limited.To elucidate the specific role of MMPs in shrimp muscle degradation,proteinases with gelati-nolytic activity were identified in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei(Lv).The gelatinolytic activity was suppressed by metalloproteinase inhibitors EDTA and EGTA to some degree,suggesting the existence of metalloproteinases.Then the catalytic do-main of LvMMP-2(LvMMP-2c)was cloned and expressed heterologously in the Pichia pastoris expression system.rLvMMP-2c(re-combinant LvMMP-2c)demonstrated optimal gelatinolytic activity at pH 8.0 and 50℃,and its activity could be enhanced by Ca^(2+)and Ba^(2+).Type I collagen and myofibrillar proteins from shrimp were effectively hydrolyzed by rLvMMP-2c not only at 37℃,but also at 4℃,indicating its involvement in the postmortem tenderization of shrimp muscle.Our present study provided new informa-tion to elucidate the role of metalloproteinase underlying shrimp meat softening during cold storage,and suggested new strategies to prevent shrimp quality decrement during cold storage.
