Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significant...Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.展开更多
Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells(TSCs)present great potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells for further advancing the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of solar cells.However,the ...Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells(TSCs)present great potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells for further advancing the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of solar cells.However,the fabrication of TSCs usually encounters challenge of selecting suitable sputtering buffer layer(SBL)to prevent the bombardment during the transparent electrode deposition.Herein,we introduce an indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3))buffer layer via e-beam deposition to fabricate semi-transparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs).The optical transmittance and electrical conductivity of In_(2)O_(3)highly depend on the deposition rate.High deposition rate results in high ratio of metallic indium in the film,which causes severe parasitic absorption.A 20 nm-thick In_(2)O_(3)film deposited at lower rate demonstrated high conductivity,transmittance and robust protection during sputtering.A 1.68 eV ST-PSC incorporating this In_(2)O_(3)buffer layer exhibits a champion PCE of 20.20%,demonstrating the excellent optoelectronic and protective properties of In_(2)O_(3).When combined with a Si subcell,the 4-terminal TSC obtains a remarkable PCE of 30.04%,Importantly,the unencapsulated ST-PSC maintained 80%of initial PCE after 423 h of continuous light soaking in N_(2).This work has provided a facile and instrumental transparent SBL strategy for perovskite/Si TSCs.展开更多
Lithium salt-based hole transport layer(HTL)dopants commonly used in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are known to negatively impact stability due to their intrinsic hygroscopic properties and ion migration.In this study,w...Lithium salt-based hole transport layer(HTL)dopants commonly used in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are known to negatively impact stability due to their intrinsic hygroscopic properties and ion migration.In this study,we introduce an ammonium salt,p-methoxyphenylethylamine bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfoni mide(MPT),as a novel dual-function dopant for the HTL in PSCs.The chemical interaction between MPT and the widely used HTL material spiro-OMeTAD generates high concentrations of spiroOMeTAD^(+)radicals,effectively enhancing the doping of spiro-OMeTAD.Additionally,MPT reacts with the perovskite layer,forming a 2D perovskite structure at the perovskite/HTL interface,which passivates defects and suppresses interfacial ion migration.As a result,PSCs with MPT doping achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.52%for small-area devices(0.045 cm^(2))and 21.01%for mini-modules(16.8 cm^(2)).Moreover,the incorporation of MPT significantly enhances the moisture,light,and thermal stability of the PSCs by eliminating Li^(+)and suppressing I-migration.Notably,PSCs with MPT-doped PTAA retained 84%of their initial PCE after 1,300 h of aging at 60℃in a nitrogen-filled glovebox.Our work presents a unique doping strategy for the HTL in PSCs,offering a promising approach to simultaneously improve both the stability and efficiency of these devices.展开更多
Most flapping-wing aircraft wings use a single degree of freedom to generate lift and thrust by flapping up and down,while relying on the tail control surfaces to manage attitude.However,these aircraft have certain li...Most flapping-wing aircraft wings use a single degree of freedom to generate lift and thrust by flapping up and down,while relying on the tail control surfaces to manage attitude.However,these aircraft have certain limitations,such as poor accuracy in attitude control and inadequate roll control capabilities.This paper presents a design for an active torsional mechanism at the wing's trailing edge,which enables differential variations in the pitch angle of the left and right wings during flapping.This simple mechanical form significantly enhances the aircraft's roll control capacity.The experimental verification of this mechanism was conducted in a wind tunnel using the RoboEagle flapping-wing aerial vehicle that we developed.The study investigated the effects of the control strategy on lift,thrust,and roll moment during flapping flight.Additionally,the impact of roll control on roll moment was examined under various wind speeds,flapping frequencies,angles of attack,and wing flexibility.Furthermore,several rolling maneuver flight tests were performed to evaluate the agility of RoboEagle,utilizing both the elevon control strategy and the new roll control strategy.The results demonstrated that the new roll control strategy effectively enhances the roll control capability,thereby improving the attitude control capabilities of the flapping-wing aircraft in complex wind field environments.This conclusion is supported by a comparison of the control time,maximum roll angle,average roll angular velocity,and other relevant parameters between the two control strategies under identical roll control input.展开更多
Objective The combination of stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)is actively being explored in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients.However,little is known abou...Objective The combination of stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)is actively being explored in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients.However,little is known about the optimal fractionation and radiotherapy target lesions in this scenario.This study investigated the effect of SBRT on diverse organ lesions and radiotherapy dose fractionation regimens on the prognosis of advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs.Methods The medical records of advanced NSCLC patients consecutively treated with ICIs and SBRT were retrospectively reviewed at our institution from Dec.2015 to Sep.2021.Patients were grouped according to radiation sites.Progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were recorded using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between different treatment groups using the log-rank(Mantel-Cox)test.Results A total of 124 advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs combined with SBRT were identified in this study.Radiation sites included lung lesions(lung group,n=43),bone metastases(bone group,n=24),and brain metastases(brain group,n=57).Compared with the brain group,the mean PFS(mPFS)in the lung group was significantly prolonged by 13.3 months(8.5 months vs.21.8 months,HR=0.51,95%CI:0.28–0.92,P=0.0195),and that in the bone group prolonged by 9.5 months with a 43%reduction in the risk of disease progression(8.5 months vs.18.0 months,HR=0.57,95%CI:0.29–1.13,P=0.1095).The mPFS in the lung group was prolonged by 3.8 months as compared with that in the bone group.The mean OS(mOS)in the lung and bone groups was longer than that of the brain group,and the risk of death decreased by up to 60%in the lung and bone groups as compared with that of the brain group.When SBRT was concurrently given with ICIs,the mPFS in the lung and brain groups were significantly longer than that of the bone group(29.6 months vs.16.5 months vs.12.1 months).When SBRT with 8–12 Gy per fraction was combined with ICIs,the mPFS in the lung group was significantly prolonged as compared with that of the bone and brain groups(25.4 months vs.15.2 months vs.12.0 months).Among patients receiving SBRT on lung lesions and brain metastases,the mPFS in the concurrent group was longer than that of the SBRT→ICIs group(29.6 months vs.11.4 months,P=0.0003 and 12.1 months vs.8.9 months,P=0.2559).Among patients receiving SBRT with<8 Gy and 8–12 Gy per fraction,the mPFS in the concurrent group was also longer than that of the SBRT→ICIs group(20.1 months vs.5.3 months,P=0.0033 and 24.0 months vs.13.4 months,P=0.1311).The disease control rates of the lung,bone,and brain groups were 90.7%,83.3%,and 70.1%,respectively.Conclusion The study demonstrated that the addition of SBRT on lung lesions versus bone and brain metastases to ICIs improved the prognosis in advanced NSCLC patients.This improvement was related to the sequence of radiotherapy combined with ICIs and the radiotherapy fractionation regimens.Dose fractionation regimens of 8–12 Gy per fraction and lung lesions as radiotherapy targets might be the appropriate choice for advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs combined with SBRT.展开更多
Purpose: This paper aims to provide a method to detect research communities based on research interest in researcher network, which combines the topological structure and vertex attributes in a unified manner.Design/m...Purpose: This paper aims to provide a method to detect research communities based on research interest in researcher network, which combines the topological structure and vertex attributes in a unified manner.Design/methodology/approach: A heterogeneous researcher network has been constructed by combining multiple relations of academic researchers. Vertex attributes and their similarities were considered and calculated. An approach has been proposed and tested to detect research community in research organizations based on this multi-relation researcher network.Findings: Detection of topologically well-connected, semantically coherent and meaningful research community was achieved.Research limitations: The sample size of evaluation experiments was relatively small. In the present study, a limited number of 72 researchers were analyzed for constructing researcher network and detecting research community. Therefore, a large sample size is required to give more information and reliable results.Practical implications: The proposed multi-relation researcher network and approaches for discovering research communities of similar research interests will contribute to collective innovation behavior such as brainstorming and to promote interdisciplinary cooperation.Originality/value: Recent researches on community detection devote most efforts to singlerelation researcher networks and put the main focus on the topological structure of networks.In reality, there exist multi-relation social networks. Vertex attribute also plays an important role in community detection. The present study combined multiple single-relational researcher networks into a multi-relational network and proposed a structure-attribute clustering method for detecting research community in research organizations.展开更多
China is the world's largest producer of pigs,but traditional manual prevention,treatment,and diagnosis methods cannot satisfy the demands of the current intensive production environment.Existing computer-aided di...China is the world's largest producer of pigs,but traditional manual prevention,treatment,and diagnosis methods cannot satisfy the demands of the current intensive production environment.Existing computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)systems for pigs are dominated by expert systems,which cannot be widely applied because the collection and maintenance of knowledge is difficult,and most of them ignore the effect of multimodal information.A swine disease diagnosis model was proposed in this study,the Text-Guided Fusion Network-Swine Diagnosis(TGFN-SD)model,which integrated text case reports and disease images.The model integrated the differences and complementary information in the multimodal representation of diseases through the text-guided transformer module such that text case reports could carry the semantic information of disease images for disease identification.Moreover,it alleviated the phenotypic overlap problem caused by similar diseases in combination with supervised learning and self-supervised learning.Experimental results revealed that TGFN-SD achieved satisfactory performance on a constructed swine disease image and text dataset(SDT6K)that covered six disease classification datasets with accuracy and F1-score of 94.48%and 94.4%respectively.The accuracies and F1-scores increased by 8.35%and 7.24%compared with those under the unimodal situation and by 2.02%and 1.63%compared with those of the optimal baseline model under the multimodal fusion.Additionally,interpretability analysis revealed that the model focus area was consistent with the habits and rules of the veterinary clinical diagnosis of pigs,indicating the effectiveness of the proposed model and providing new ideas and perspectives for the study of swine disease CAD.展开更多
The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and survival.When the BRAF gene mutates,it can lead to abnormal activation of the signa...The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and survival.When the BRAF gene mutates,it can lead to abnormal activation of the signaling pathway,which promotes cell proliferation,inhibits cell apoptosis,and ultimately contributes to the occurrence and development of cancer.BRAF mutations are widely present in various cancers,including malignant melanoma,thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer,non-small cell lung cancer,and hairy cell leukemia,among others.BRAF is an important target for the treatment of various solid tumors,and targeted combination therapies,represented by BRAF inhibitors,have become one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of BRAF-mutation-positive solid tumors.展开更多
文摘Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52102304 and 52172238)Open Project of Shaanxi Laboratory of Aerospace Power(Grant No.2021SXSYS01-03)+1 种基金Shaanxi Bureau of Science and Technology(Award No.2022KWZ-07)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.3102019JC0005)。
文摘Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells(TSCs)present great potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells for further advancing the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of solar cells.However,the fabrication of TSCs usually encounters challenge of selecting suitable sputtering buffer layer(SBL)to prevent the bombardment during the transparent electrode deposition.Herein,we introduce an indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3))buffer layer via e-beam deposition to fabricate semi-transparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs).The optical transmittance and electrical conductivity of In_(2)O_(3)highly depend on the deposition rate.High deposition rate results in high ratio of metallic indium in the film,which causes severe parasitic absorption.A 20 nm-thick In_(2)O_(3)film deposited at lower rate demonstrated high conductivity,transmittance and robust protection during sputtering.A 1.68 eV ST-PSC incorporating this In_(2)O_(3)buffer layer exhibits a champion PCE of 20.20%,demonstrating the excellent optoelectronic and protective properties of In_(2)O_(3).When combined with a Si subcell,the 4-terminal TSC obtains a remarkable PCE of 30.04%,Importantly,the unencapsulated ST-PSC maintained 80%of initial PCE after 423 h of continuous light soaking in N_(2).This work has provided a facile and instrumental transparent SBL strategy for perovskite/Si TSCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172238,52102304,51902264)Open Project of Shaanxi Laboratory of Aerospace Power(2021SXSYS-01-03)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3102019JC0005)。
文摘Lithium salt-based hole transport layer(HTL)dopants commonly used in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are known to negatively impact stability due to their intrinsic hygroscopic properties and ion migration.In this study,we introduce an ammonium salt,p-methoxyphenylethylamine bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfoni mide(MPT),as a novel dual-function dopant for the HTL in PSCs.The chemical interaction between MPT and the widely used HTL material spiro-OMeTAD generates high concentrations of spiroOMeTAD^(+)radicals,effectively enhancing the doping of spiro-OMeTAD.Additionally,MPT reacts with the perovskite layer,forming a 2D perovskite structure at the perovskite/HTL interface,which passivates defects and suppresses interfacial ion migration.As a result,PSCs with MPT doping achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.52%for small-area devices(0.045 cm^(2))and 21.01%for mini-modules(16.8 cm^(2)).Moreover,the incorporation of MPT significantly enhances the moisture,light,and thermal stability of the PSCs by eliminating Li^(+)and suppressing I-migration.Notably,PSCs with MPT-doped PTAA retained 84%of their initial PCE after 1,300 h of aging at 60℃in a nitrogen-filled glovebox.Our work presents a unique doping strategy for the HTL in PSCs,offering a promising approach to simultaneously improve both the stability and efficiency of these devices.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.52175277 and 12272318ND Basic Research Funds under Grants G2022WD,Key R&D Program in Shaanxi Province of China under Grant No.2023-YBGY-372.
文摘Most flapping-wing aircraft wings use a single degree of freedom to generate lift and thrust by flapping up and down,while relying on the tail control surfaces to manage attitude.However,these aircraft have certain limitations,such as poor accuracy in attitude control and inadequate roll control capabilities.This paper presents a design for an active torsional mechanism at the wing's trailing edge,which enables differential variations in the pitch angle of the left and right wings during flapping.This simple mechanical form significantly enhances the aircraft's roll control capacity.The experimental verification of this mechanism was conducted in a wind tunnel using the RoboEagle flapping-wing aerial vehicle that we developed.The study investigated the effects of the control strategy on lift,thrust,and roll moment during flapping flight.Additionally,the impact of roll control on roll moment was examined under various wind speeds,flapping frequencies,angles of attack,and wing flexibility.Furthermore,several rolling maneuver flight tests were performed to evaluate the agility of RoboEagle,utilizing both the elevon control strategy and the new roll control strategy.The results demonstrated that the new roll control strategy effectively enhances the roll control capability,thereby improving the attitude control capabilities of the flapping-wing aircraft in complex wind field environments.This conclusion is supported by a comparison of the control time,maximum roll angle,average roll angular velocity,and other relevant parameters between the two control strategies under identical roll control input.
文摘Objective The combination of stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)is actively being explored in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients.However,little is known about the optimal fractionation and radiotherapy target lesions in this scenario.This study investigated the effect of SBRT on diverse organ lesions and radiotherapy dose fractionation regimens on the prognosis of advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs.Methods The medical records of advanced NSCLC patients consecutively treated with ICIs and SBRT were retrospectively reviewed at our institution from Dec.2015 to Sep.2021.Patients were grouped according to radiation sites.Progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were recorded using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between different treatment groups using the log-rank(Mantel-Cox)test.Results A total of 124 advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs combined with SBRT were identified in this study.Radiation sites included lung lesions(lung group,n=43),bone metastases(bone group,n=24),and brain metastases(brain group,n=57).Compared with the brain group,the mean PFS(mPFS)in the lung group was significantly prolonged by 13.3 months(8.5 months vs.21.8 months,HR=0.51,95%CI:0.28–0.92,P=0.0195),and that in the bone group prolonged by 9.5 months with a 43%reduction in the risk of disease progression(8.5 months vs.18.0 months,HR=0.57,95%CI:0.29–1.13,P=0.1095).The mPFS in the lung group was prolonged by 3.8 months as compared with that in the bone group.The mean OS(mOS)in the lung and bone groups was longer than that of the brain group,and the risk of death decreased by up to 60%in the lung and bone groups as compared with that of the brain group.When SBRT was concurrently given with ICIs,the mPFS in the lung and brain groups were significantly longer than that of the bone group(29.6 months vs.16.5 months vs.12.1 months).When SBRT with 8–12 Gy per fraction was combined with ICIs,the mPFS in the lung group was significantly prolonged as compared with that of the bone and brain groups(25.4 months vs.15.2 months vs.12.0 months).Among patients receiving SBRT on lung lesions and brain metastases,the mPFS in the concurrent group was longer than that of the SBRT→ICIs group(29.6 months vs.11.4 months,P=0.0003 and 12.1 months vs.8.9 months,P=0.2559).Among patients receiving SBRT with<8 Gy and 8–12 Gy per fraction,the mPFS in the concurrent group was also longer than that of the SBRT→ICIs group(20.1 months vs.5.3 months,P=0.0033 and 24.0 months vs.13.4 months,P=0.1311).The disease control rates of the lung,bone,and brain groups were 90.7%,83.3%,and 70.1%,respectively.Conclusion The study demonstrated that the addition of SBRT on lung lesions versus bone and brain metastases to ICIs improved the prognosis in advanced NSCLC patients.This improvement was related to the sequence of radiotherapy combined with ICIs and the radiotherapy fractionation regimens.Dose fractionation regimens of 8–12 Gy per fraction and lung lesions as radiotherapy targets might be the appropriate choice for advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs combined with SBRT.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:71203164)
文摘Purpose: This paper aims to provide a method to detect research communities based on research interest in researcher network, which combines the topological structure and vertex attributes in a unified manner.Design/methodology/approach: A heterogeneous researcher network has been constructed by combining multiple relations of academic researchers. Vertex attributes and their similarities were considered and calculated. An approach has been proposed and tested to detect research community in research organizations based on this multi-relation researcher network.Findings: Detection of topologically well-connected, semantically coherent and meaningful research community was achieved.Research limitations: The sample size of evaluation experiments was relatively small. In the present study, a limited number of 72 researchers were analyzed for constructing researcher network and detecting research community. Therefore, a large sample size is required to give more information and reliable results.Practical implications: The proposed multi-relation researcher network and approaches for discovering research communities of similar research interests will contribute to collective innovation behavior such as brainstorming and to promote interdisciplinary cooperation.Originality/value: Recent researches on community detection devote most efforts to singlerelation researcher networks and put the main focus on the topological structure of networks.In reality, there exist multi-relation social networks. Vertex attribute also plays an important role in community detection. The present study combined multiple single-relational researcher networks into a multi-relational network and proposed a structure-attribute clustering method for detecting research community in research organizations.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project[grant number 2021ZD0113803]the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Outstanding Scientist Training Program[grant number JKZX202214]the Sichuan Science and Technology Program[grant number 2021ZDZX0011].
文摘China is the world's largest producer of pigs,but traditional manual prevention,treatment,and diagnosis methods cannot satisfy the demands of the current intensive production environment.Existing computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)systems for pigs are dominated by expert systems,which cannot be widely applied because the collection and maintenance of knowledge is difficult,and most of them ignore the effect of multimodal information.A swine disease diagnosis model was proposed in this study,the Text-Guided Fusion Network-Swine Diagnosis(TGFN-SD)model,which integrated text case reports and disease images.The model integrated the differences and complementary information in the multimodal representation of diseases through the text-guided transformer module such that text case reports could carry the semantic information of disease images for disease identification.Moreover,it alleviated the phenotypic overlap problem caused by similar diseases in combination with supervised learning and self-supervised learning.Experimental results revealed that TGFN-SD achieved satisfactory performance on a constructed swine disease image and text dataset(SDT6K)that covered six disease classification datasets with accuracy and F1-score of 94.48%and 94.4%respectively.The accuracies and F1-scores increased by 8.35%and 7.24%compared with those under the unimodal situation and by 2.02%and 1.63%compared with those of the optimal baseline model under the multimodal fusion.Additionally,interpretability analysis revealed that the model focus area was consistent with the habits and rules of the veterinary clinical diagnosis of pigs,indicating the effectiveness of the proposed model and providing new ideas and perspectives for the study of swine disease CAD.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 82002456)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant number 2022M723207)+10 种基金the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(grant number 2023KY666)Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Science Fund Project(grant number 2024ZL372)Qiantang Cross Fund Project(grant number 2023-16)National Natural Science Foundation of China of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Cultivation Project(grant number PY2023006)the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(grant number 2024KY812)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(grant number LQ24H160036)Beijing Health Technologies Promotion Program[grant number BHTPP2022041]Peking University Clinical Scientist Training Program and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[grant number BMU2024PYJH010]Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital[grant number PY202333]the Beijing Natural Science Foundation[grant number 7232248]Beijing Hospitals Authority Youth Programme[grant number QML20231902].
文摘The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and survival.When the BRAF gene mutates,it can lead to abnormal activation of the signaling pathway,which promotes cell proliferation,inhibits cell apoptosis,and ultimately contributes to the occurrence and development of cancer.BRAF mutations are widely present in various cancers,including malignant melanoma,thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer,non-small cell lung cancer,and hairy cell leukemia,among others.BRAF is an important target for the treatment of various solid tumors,and targeted combination therapies,represented by BRAF inhibitors,have become one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of BRAF-mutation-positive solid tumors.
