In recent years,propelled by the rapid iterative advancements in digital imaging technology and the semiconductor industry,encompassing microelectronic design,manufacturing,packaging,and testing,time-of-flight(ToF)-ba...In recent years,propelled by the rapid iterative advancements in digital imaging technology and the semiconductor industry,encompassing microelectronic design,manufacturing,packaging,and testing,time-of-flight(ToF)-based imaging systems for acquiring depth information have garnered considerable attention from both academia and industry.This technology has emerged as a focal point of research within the realm of 3D imaging.Owing to its relatively straightforward principles and exceptional performance,ToF technology finds extensive applications across various domains including human−computer interaction,autonomous driving,industrial inspection,medical and healthcare,augmented reality,smart homes,and 3D reconstruction,among others.Notably,the increasing maturity of ToF-based LiDAR systems is evident in current developments.This paper comprehensively reviews the fundamental principles of ToF technology and LiDAR systems,alongside recent research advancements.It elucidates the innovative aspects and technical challenges encountered in both transmitter(TX)and receiver(RX),providing detailed discussions on corresponding solutions.Furthermore,the paper explores prospective avenues for future research,offering valuable insights for subsequent investigations.展开更多
The sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process is supposed to be the most promising way to degrade organic pollutants.However,the development of a suitable and efficient photocatalyst is very challenging.The 40LaFeO...The sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process is supposed to be the most promising way to degrade organic pollutants.However,the development of a suitable and efficient photocatalyst is very challenging.The 40LaFeO_(3)-CuFe_(2)O_(4)(40LFO-CFO)nanocomposite was constructed and its catalytic performance was studied using Rhodamine B(RhB)as the target pollutant.40LFO-CFO exhibited excellent RhB degradation by the persulfate(PS)-assisted photocatalytic process compared to the pristine LFO and CFO.The degradation rate constant for RhB by 40LFO-CFO in the Vis/PS system was 2.22h^(-1)which is 3.04 times and 5.05 times higher than the pristine LFO(0.73 h^(-1))and CFO(0.44h^(-1)),respectively.Furthermore,the trapping experiments and EPR spectra proved that h^(+) plays a leading role in the bleaching of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/PS/Vis system.The enhanced photocatalytic oxidation activity of 40LFO-CFO could be attributed to the unique charge carriers flow in 40LFO-CFO due to the Z-scheme and the cooperation effect between photocatalysis and PS activation.The recycle tests confessed the stability of 40LFO-CFO.Additionally,the intermediates and products of RhB are detected by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry(LC-MS),and the photocatalytic degradation routes of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/Vis/PS system were proposed.Moreover,the 40LFO-CFO nanocomposite has a superior catalytic performance for other organics,suggesting that it is a promising heterocatalyst because of its high catalytic activity and stability for the PS-assisted photocatalytic process.展开更多
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in the gastrointestinal tract.Most GISTs have been attributed to activated gain-of-function mutations in either KIT or platelet-der...Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in the gastrointestinal tract.Most GISTs have been attributed to activated gain-of-function mutations in either KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptorα,making these molecular features essential targets for therapeutic interventions.Although surgery is the standard treatment for localized GISTs,patients often experience relapse and disease progression even after surgery.In recent years,targeted therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced GISTs.Imatinib mesylate,a KIT inhibitor,is the first-line treatment for advanced GISTs and has revolutionized the treatment of this disease.However,drug resistance remains a major issue with imatinib treatment,as a significant majority of patients become resistant to imatinib either after initiation or after 2–3 years of treatment.Consequently,novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib,regorafenib,ripretinib,and avapritinib have been introduced to address drug resistance.Immunotherapy has emerged as a potential approach for the treatment of advanced GISTs.This review comprehensively summarizes the pathogenesis of GISTs and the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies,provides an overview of the emergence of drug resistance in advanced GISTs,and discusses the challenges and prospects associated with the treatment of GISTs.展开更多
目的:探讨内镜经鼻入路术后颅内感染发生的危险因素,选择最佳颅底修补策略。方法:回顾性分析2016年12月至2019年12月山西医科大学第一医院收治的162例垂体瘤患者的临床资料。分析患者术后颅内感染发生率,并根据是否发生颅内感染将其分...目的:探讨内镜经鼻入路术后颅内感染发生的危险因素,选择最佳颅底修补策略。方法:回顾性分析2016年12月至2019年12月山西医科大学第一医院收治的162例垂体瘤患者的临床资料。分析患者术后颅内感染发生率,并根据是否发生颅内感染将其分为感染组与非感染组,分析术后颅内感染发生的独立危险因素。结果:162例患者中,颅内感染组11例(6.79%),非感染组151例(93.21%)。单因素分析表明,感染组术中体质量指数(boby mass index,BMI)、术中脑脊液漏、术后脑脊液漏及Kelly分级均高于非感染组,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归性分析表明,感染组BMI、术中脑脊液漏、术后脑脊液漏及Kelly分级是垂体瘤术后颅内感染的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:内镜经鼻入路垂体瘤切除术后颅内感染的发生与术中、术后脑脊液漏、Kelly分级相关,可根据Kelly分级制定合理的颅底修补策略。展开更多
In modern vehicles, electronic throttle(ET) has been widely utilized to control the airflow into gasoline engine. To solve the control difficulties with an ET, such as strong nonlinearity,unknown model parameters and ...In modern vehicles, electronic throttle(ET) has been widely utilized to control the airflow into gasoline engine. To solve the control difficulties with an ET, such as strong nonlinearity,unknown model parameters and input saturation constraints,an adaptive sliding-mode tracking control strategy for an ET is presented. Compared with the existing control strategies for an ET, input saturation constraints and parameter uncertainties are adequately considered in the proposed control strategy. At first, the nonlinear dynamic model for control of an ET is described. According to the dynamical model, the nonlinear adaptive sliding-mode tracking control method is presented,where parameter adaptive laws and auxiliary design system are employed. Parameter adaptive law is given to estimate the unknown parameter with an ET. An auxiliary system is designed,and its state is utilized in the tracking control method to handle the input saturation. Stability proof and analysis of the adaptive sliding-mode control method is performed by using Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the reliability and feasibility of the proposed control strategy are evaluated by computer simulation.Simulation research shows that the proposed sliding-mode control strategy can provide good control performance for an ET.展开更多
Background and objective:ST13, is the gene encoding the HSP70 interacting protein (HIP). Previous research has shown that ST13 mRNA and protein levels are down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues compared wit...Background and objective:ST13, is the gene encoding the HSP70 interacting protein (HIP). Previous research has shown that ST13 mRNA and protein levels are down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. This study aims at the role of ST13 in the proliferation and migration of CRC cells. Methods:The transcript level of ST13 in different CRC cell lines was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). ST13-overexpressed and ST13-knockdown CRC cells were constructed respectively by lentiviral transduction, followed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, plate colony formation, cell-cycle analysis, and migration assays to evaluate the influence of ST13 on proliferation and migration in vitro. Moreover, a mouse xenograft study was performed to test in vivo tumorigenicity of ST13-knockdown CRC cells. Results: Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of ST13 in CRC cells in-hibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration in vitro. In contrast, down-regulation of ST13 by lentiviral-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference in CRC cells significantly increased cell proliferation and cloning efficiency in vitro. In addition, down-regulation of ST13 expression significantly increased the tumorigenicity of CRC cells in vivo. Conclusions:ST13 gene is a proliferation regulator that inhibits tumor growth in CRC and may affect cell migration.展开更多
High density alloys with enhanced deformability and strength are urgently required in energy,military and nuclear industries,etc.In this work,we present a new kind of NiCoFeCrMoW high entropy alloys(HEAs)which possess...High density alloys with enhanced deformability and strength are urgently required in energy,military and nuclear industries,etc.In this work,we present a new kind of NiCoFeCrMoW high entropy alloys(HEAs)which possess higher densities and sound velocities than copper.We systematically investigate the phase structure,quasi-static tensile,dynamic compression and related deformation mechanism of these HEAs.It is shown that single FCC or FCC+μdual phases were formed in the HEAs depending on Mo and W content and annealing temperature.Excellent quasi-static tensile and dynamic compression properties have been achieved for these HEAs,e.g.Ni_(30)Co_(30)Fe_(21)Cr_(10)W_(9)HEA annealed at 1573 K exhibited a yield and ultimate tensile strength and elongation of~364 MPa,~866 MPa and~32%,respectively,in quasi-static test;a yield strength of~710 MPa and no fracture under the dynamic strain rate of 4100 s^(-1).Superior strain rate sensitivity(SRS)of yield strength than that of previously reported FCC HEAs have been evidenced.The dynamic stress-strain constitutive relation can be described by the modified Johnson-Cook model.As for the dynamic deformation mechanism,it is envisaged that the regulation of stacking fault energy and Peierls barrier in current HEAs resulted in occurrences of abundant nanoscale deformation twins and microbands during high strain rate compression.The synergistic microbanding and twinning effectively contributes to the enhanced dynamic deformability and strengthening effect.Besides,the interactions of dislocations with precipitates,stacking faults(SFs)with twins,and between SFs also contribute to extraordinary work-hardening capacity.展开更多
Objective:Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 6(ANKRD6)is an ankyrin repeat-containing protein which is structurally related to vertebrate inversin and Drosophila Diego.However,the correlations between ANKRD6 and...Objective:Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 6(ANKRD6)is an ankyrin repeat-containing protein which is structurally related to vertebrate inversin and Drosophila Diego.However,the correlations between ANKRD6 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in cancers is not clear.Methods:ANKRD6 expression was analyzed by Oncomine,Tumor Immune Estimation Resource(TIMER)and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA).PrognoScan and GEPIA were used to evaluate the influence of ANKRD6 on clinical prognosis.TIMER and CIBERSORT were used to analyze correlations between ANKRD6 expression levels and tumor immune cell infiltrates.Immunohistochemical analysis of the relationship between ANKRD6 expression and overall survival,as well as the relationship between ANKRD6 expression and M2 macrophage infiltration,was performed.Results:High level of ANKRD6 expression was associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer.ANKRD6 expression level was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of CD8+T cells,CD4+T cells,macrophages,neutrophils and dendritic cells in colon cancer by using TIMER.Using CIBERSORT,we found that in plasma cells,CD8+T cells,CD4+memory resting T cells,follicular helper T cells and activated natural killer cells were significantly lower in the ANKRD6-high group than in the ANKRD6-low group.M0 and M2 macrophages were significantly higher in the ANKRD6-high group than in the ANKRD6-low group.Immunohistochemistry confirmed that M2 macrophage infiltration in the ANKRD6-high group significantly increased.Conclusions:The high ANKRD6 expression is associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer.ANKRD6 expression is positively correlated with M2 macrophage infiltration in colon cancer.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 256 puerpera with single full-term delivery who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2...Objective:To explore the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 256 puerpera with single full-term delivery who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were included in the study and divided into the vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group with 128 cases in each group according to the delivery ways. According to the medication, each group was divided into the carbetocin group and oxytocin group with 64 cases in each group. After fetus delivery, the puerpera in the carbetocin group were given intravenous injection of carbetocin (100μg), while the puerpera in the oxytocin group were given intravenous injection of oxytocin (10 U)+0.9% NaCl (500 mL) for 2 h. The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in each group was observed. A volume of 5 mL elbow venous blood before delivery and 24 h after delivery was extracted. The automatic blood cell analyzer was used to detect the decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin in each group. The coagulation detector was used to detect PT, APTT, and FIB before delivery and 24 h after delivery. The blood pressure and heart rate before and after medication in each group were observed.Results: The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The indicators of coagulation function 24 h after delivery in each group were not signiifcantly changed (P>0.05). The heart rate and blood pressure after medication in each group were not significantly changed when compared with before medication (P>0.05).Conclusions:Carbetocin can effectively prevent the postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia, and is safe and effective in application of vaginal delivery and cesarean section;therefore, it deserves to be widely recommended in the clinic.展开更多
Entropy-stabilized multi-component alloys have been considered to be prospective structural materials attributing to their impressive mechanical and functional properties.The local chemical complexions,microstates and...Entropy-stabilized multi-component alloys have been considered to be prospective structural materials attributing to their impressive mechanical and functional properties.The local chemical complexions,microstates and configurational transformations are essential to reveal the structure–property relationship,thus,to promote the development of advanced multicomponent alloys.In the present work,effects of local lattice distortion(LLD)and microstates of various configurations on the equilibrium volume(V0),total energy,Fermi energy,magnetic moment(μMag)and electron work function(Φ)and bonding structures of the Fe–Mn–Al medium entropy alloy(MEA)have been investigated comprehensively by first-principles calculations.It is found that theΦandμMag of those MEA are proportional to the V 0,which is dominated by lattice distortion.In terms of bonding charge density,both the strengthened clusters or the so-called short-range order structures and the weakly bonded spots or weak spots are characterized.While the presence of weakly bonded Al atoms implies a large LLD/mismatch,the Fe–Mn bonding pairs result in the formation of strengthened clusters,which dominate the local microstates and the configurational transitions.The variations ofμMag are associated with the enhancement of the nearest neighbor magnetic Fe and Mn atoms,attributing to the LLD caused by Al atoms,the local changes in the electronic structures.This work provides an atomic and electronic insight into the microstate-dominated solid-solution strengthening mechanism of Fe–Mn–Al MEA.展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical effects of Zhuang Medicine Yangxue Xiaozheng Decoction in treating the combined Ems of dampness and blood stasis in Guangxi;Methods:100 patients with endometriosis treated in Lili Cli...Objective:To explore the clinical effects of Zhuang Medicine Yangxue Xiaozheng Decoction in treating the combined Ems of dampness and blood stasis in Guangxi;Methods:100 patients with endometriosis treated in Lili Clinic of Famous Doctor,Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital from Mach 2016 to May 2017 were chosen as the research object.According to the random grouping method,patients were randomly divided into the treatment group(The Zhuang Medicine Yangxue Xiaozheng Decoction(ZYF)Group)and the control group(Chinese patent medicine SanJieZhenTongJiaoNang(SJZT)group with 50 cases in each group.After treatment,the TCM syndrome score,changes in pelvic mass size,hepatocyte growth factor(HGP)levels,and clinical effects before and after treatment were evaluated.Results:After two courses of treatment,the total effective rate of patients in the ZYF group was 88%,which were significantly better than 70%of the SJZT group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:With a significant effect on patients with the combined Ems of dampness and blood stasis in Guangxi,Zhuang Medicine Yangxue Xiaozheng Decoction can improve the uterine cavity mass and reduce serum HGP level.展开更多
Objective:To explore the uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery hemodynamic change in patients with HDP.Methods:A total of 80 patients with HDP who came to our hospital from July, 2015 to July, 2016 for pregnancy e...Objective:To explore the uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery hemodynamic change in patients with HDP.Methods:A total of 80 patients with HDP who came to our hospital from July, 2015 to July, 2016 for pregnancy examination were included in the study and served as the observation group, while 80 healthy pregnant women who came for pregnancy examination in the same period were served as the control group. The pregnant women in the two groups were performed with sequential color Doppler ultrasound at gestation 30-40 weeks. The two-dimensional ultrasound apparatus was used to detect the uterine artery and umbilical artery. PI, RI, and S/D were recorded. The fetal BPD, head girth, femur length, and abdominal girth were measured. ELISA was used to detect 8-iso-PGF2α. The immunoturbidimetry was used to detect Cys-C and CRP.Results:The uterine artery PI, RI, and S/D in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The umbilical artery PI, RI, and S/D in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The fetal BPD, head girth, femur length, and abdominal girth in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group. 8-iso-PGF2α, Cys C, and CRP levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusions:The uterine artery and umbilical artery blood flow resistance in patients with HDP are significantly elevated, which can severely affect the placental blood perfusion and fetal growth and development, while the color Doppler ultrasound can provide a non-invasive diagnosis for fetal distress in uterus.展开更多
Objective:To explore the correlation of serum inflammatory cytokine and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) related indicators with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDP). Methods:A total of 90 patients with ...Objective:To explore the correlation of serum inflammatory cytokine and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) related indicators with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDP). Methods:A total of 90 patients with HDP who were admitted in our hospital from July, 2015 to July, 2016 for delivery were included in the study and divided into the pregnancy-induced hypertension group (n=43), mild preeclampsia group (n=28), and severe preeclampsia group (n=19). Moreover, 40 healthy puerpera who were admitted in the same period for delivery were served as the control group. The peripheral venous blood before delivery was collected. The immunoturbidimetry was used to detect hs-CRP. The radioimmunoassay was used to detect TNF-α and IL-6. ELISA was used to detect IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-1.Results:The serum hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the pregnancy-induced hypertension group, mild preeclampsia group, and severe preeclampsia group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and were gradually elevated with the further aggravation of the disease. The serum IGF-I and IGF-II levels in the pregnancy-induced hypertension group, mild preeclampsia group, and severe preeclampsia group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while IGFBP-1 level was significantly higher than that in the control group. With the further aggravation of the disease, IGF-I and IGF-II levels were gradually reduced, while IGFBP-1 level was gradually elevated.Conclusions: hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IGF-Ⅰ, IGF-Ⅱ, and IGFBP-1 are closely associated with the occurrence and development of HDP.展开更多
Dear Editor, The incidence of male infertility is approximately 10%;1 however, the causes of nonobstructive azoospermia （NOA） remain elusive.2,3 Recent studies into this type of idiopathic male infertility have foc...Dear Editor, The incidence of male infertility is approximately 10%;1 however, the causes of nonobstructive azoospermia （NOA） remain elusive.2,3 Recent studies into this type of idiopathic male infertility have focused on meiotic prophase I.4-6 Here, we report an NOA patient with anomalies in soermatogenesis.展开更多
The integration of microorganisms and photosensitizers presents a promising approach to chemical production utilizing solar energy.However,the current system construction process remains complex.Herein,we introduce a ...The integration of microorganisms and photosensitizers presents a promising approach to chemical production utilizing solar energy.However,the current system construction process remains complex.Herein,we introduce a straightforward and efficient solar-to-chemical conversion system that combines the dissolved photosensitizer Eosin Y with the non-photosynthetic bacterium Moorella thermoacetica.Under light radiation,acetate production increased to 5.1μM h^(-1)μM^(-1)catalyst,exceeding the previously reported maximum by 5.9-fold,with a quantum efficiency of 17.6%.The soluble photosensitizer EY can penetrate the cell and directly engage in intracellular energy metabolism,significantly enhancing intracellular ATP and NADPH/NADP^(+)levels.Within this biohybrid system,sacrificial agent triethanolamine played a dual role:(1)providing continuous photoelectron generation by Eosin Y,enhancing intracellular reducing power,and facilitating carbon fixation via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway;and(2)its oxidation product,formaldehyde,served as a critical intermediate and a direct precursor for methylenetetrahydrofolate in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway,consequently simplifying reaction steps and markedly boosting acetate yield.This study provides a simple microorganism-photosensitizer biohybrid system to produce acetate and light on the multifaceted roles of sacrificial agents,paving the development of efficient solar energy conversion with nonphotosynthetic bacteria.展开更多
Background:Immunotherapy has revolutionized the therapeutical regimen for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),yet its response rate remains insufficient.Programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)on small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)m...Background:Immunotherapy has revolutionized the therapeutical regimen for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),yet its response rate remains insufficient.Programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)on small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediates local and peripheral immunosuppression in tumors,and the mechanism of PD-L1 loading into these vesicles is garnering increasing attention.Latent membrane protein 1(LMP1),a key viral oncoprotein expressed in Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-positive NPC,contributes to remodeling the tumor microenvironment.However,the precise mechanisms by which LMP1 modulates tumor immunity in NPC remain unclear.Here,we aimed to investigate the roles and regulatory mechanisms of LMP1 and sEV PD-L1 in NPC immune evasion.Methods:We analyzed the impact of LMP1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte abundance in NPC tissues and humanized tumor-bearing mouse models using multiplex immunofluorescence(mIF)and flow cytometry,respectively.Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis were employed to characterize sEVs.Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry was utilized to identify proteins interacting with LMP1.The regulatory effects of sEVs on tumor microenvironment were assessed by monitoring CD8^(+)T cell proliferation and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)expression via flow cytometry.Furthermore,the expression patterns of LMP1 and downstream regulators in NPC were analyzed using mIF and survival analysis.Results:High LMP1 expression in NPC patient specimens and mouse models was associated with restricted infiltration of CD8^(+)T cells.Additionally,LMP1 promoted sEV PD-L1 secretion,leading to inhibition of CD8^(+)T cell viability and IFN-γ expression in vitro.Mechanistically,LMP1 recruited apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X(ALIX)through its intracellular domain and bound PD-L1 through its transmembrane domain,thereby facilitating the loading of PDL1 into ALIX-dependent sEVs.Disruption of ALIX diminished LMP1-induced sEV PD-L1 secretion and enhanced the anti-tumor immunity of CD8^(+)T cells both in vitro and in vivo.Moreover,increased expression levels of LMP1 and ALIXwere positively correlated with enhanced immunosuppressive features and worse prognostic outcomes in NPC patients.Conclusion:Our findings uncovered the mechanism by which LMP1 interacts with ALIX and PD-L1 to form a trimolecular complex,facilitating PD-L1 loading into ALIX-dependent sEV secretion pathway,ultimately inhibiting the antitumor immune response in NPC.This highlights a novel target and prognostic marker for NPC immunotherapy.展开更多
文摘In recent years,propelled by the rapid iterative advancements in digital imaging technology and the semiconductor industry,encompassing microelectronic design,manufacturing,packaging,and testing,time-of-flight(ToF)-based imaging systems for acquiring depth information have garnered considerable attention from both academia and industry.This technology has emerged as a focal point of research within the realm of 3D imaging.Owing to its relatively straightforward principles and exceptional performance,ToF technology finds extensive applications across various domains including human−computer interaction,autonomous driving,industrial inspection,medical and healthcare,augmented reality,smart homes,and 3D reconstruction,among others.Notably,the increasing maturity of ToF-based LiDAR systems is evident in current developments.This paper comprehensively reviews the fundamental principles of ToF technology and LiDAR systems,alongside recent research advancements.It elucidates the innovative aspects and technical challenges encountered in both transmitter(TX)and receiver(RX),providing detailed discussions on corresponding solutions.Furthermore,the paper explores prospective avenues for future research,offering valuable insights for subsequent investigations.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52062047)the Innovation Capacity Support Plan of Shaanxi Province(2020TD-032)+2 种基金Yulin Science and Technology Plan(2019-81-1,CXY-2021-101-02 and 2023-CXY-154)Joint Fund of Clean Energy Innovation Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yulin University(YLUDNL202202)Yulin University Science and Technology Plan(2020TZRC01).
文摘The sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process is supposed to be the most promising way to degrade organic pollutants.However,the development of a suitable and efficient photocatalyst is very challenging.The 40LaFeO_(3)-CuFe_(2)O_(4)(40LFO-CFO)nanocomposite was constructed and its catalytic performance was studied using Rhodamine B(RhB)as the target pollutant.40LFO-CFO exhibited excellent RhB degradation by the persulfate(PS)-assisted photocatalytic process compared to the pristine LFO and CFO.The degradation rate constant for RhB by 40LFO-CFO in the Vis/PS system was 2.22h^(-1)which is 3.04 times and 5.05 times higher than the pristine LFO(0.73 h^(-1))and CFO(0.44h^(-1)),respectively.Furthermore,the trapping experiments and EPR spectra proved that h^(+) plays a leading role in the bleaching of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/PS/Vis system.The enhanced photocatalytic oxidation activity of 40LFO-CFO could be attributed to the unique charge carriers flow in 40LFO-CFO due to the Z-scheme and the cooperation effect between photocatalysis and PS activation.The recycle tests confessed the stability of 40LFO-CFO.Additionally,the intermediates and products of RhB are detected by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry(LC-MS),and the photocatalytic degradation routes of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/Vis/PS system were proposed.Moreover,the 40LFO-CFO nanocomposite has a superior catalytic performance for other organics,suggesting that it is a promising heterocatalyst because of its high catalytic activity and stability for the PS-assisted photocatalytic process.
基金supported by Quzhou City Jiang District Life Oasis Public Welfare Service Center,Health and Health Development Promotion Project(Oncology Research Special Project,no:BJHA-CRP-027).
文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in the gastrointestinal tract.Most GISTs have been attributed to activated gain-of-function mutations in either KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptorα,making these molecular features essential targets for therapeutic interventions.Although surgery is the standard treatment for localized GISTs,patients often experience relapse and disease progression even after surgery.In recent years,targeted therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced GISTs.Imatinib mesylate,a KIT inhibitor,is the first-line treatment for advanced GISTs and has revolutionized the treatment of this disease.However,drug resistance remains a major issue with imatinib treatment,as a significant majority of patients become resistant to imatinib either after initiation or after 2–3 years of treatment.Consequently,novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib,regorafenib,ripretinib,and avapritinib have been introduced to address drug resistance.Immunotherapy has emerged as a potential approach for the treatment of advanced GISTs.This review comprehensively summarizes the pathogenesis of GISTs and the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies,provides an overview of the emergence of drug resistance in advanced GISTs,and discusses the challenges and prospects associated with the treatment of GISTs.
文摘目的:探讨内镜经鼻入路术后颅内感染发生的危险因素,选择最佳颅底修补策略。方法:回顾性分析2016年12月至2019年12月山西医科大学第一医院收治的162例垂体瘤患者的临床资料。分析患者术后颅内感染发生率,并根据是否发生颅内感染将其分为感染组与非感染组,分析术后颅内感染发生的独立危险因素。结果:162例患者中,颅内感染组11例(6.79%),非感染组151例(93.21%)。单因素分析表明,感染组术中体质量指数(boby mass index,BMI)、术中脑脊液漏、术后脑脊液漏及Kelly分级均高于非感染组,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归性分析表明,感染组BMI、术中脑脊液漏、术后脑脊液漏及Kelly分级是垂体瘤术后颅内感染的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:内镜经鼻入路垂体瘤切除术后颅内感染的发生与术中、术后脑脊液漏、Kelly分级相关,可根据Kelly分级制定合理的颅底修补策略。
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61773189)Natural Science Fundamental of Liaoning Province(20170540443)the Program for Liaoning Innovative Research Team in University(LT2016006)
文摘In modern vehicles, electronic throttle(ET) has been widely utilized to control the airflow into gasoline engine. To solve the control difficulties with an ET, such as strong nonlinearity,unknown model parameters and input saturation constraints,an adaptive sliding-mode tracking control strategy for an ET is presented. Compared with the existing control strategies for an ET, input saturation constraints and parameter uncertainties are adequately considered in the proposed control strategy. At first, the nonlinear dynamic model for control of an ET is described. According to the dynamical model, the nonlinear adaptive sliding-mode tracking control method is presented,where parameter adaptive laws and auxiliary design system are employed. Parameter adaptive law is given to estimate the unknown parameter with an ET. An auxiliary system is designed,and its state is utilized in the tracking control method to handle the input saturation. Stability proof and analysis of the adaptive sliding-mode control method is performed by using Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the reliability and feasibility of the proposed control strategy are evaluated by computer simulation.Simulation research shows that the proposed sliding-mode control strategy can provide good control performance for an ET.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30973382 and 81101477)the National High-Tech R&D Program (863) of China (No. 2012AA02A506)the Zhejiang Provincial International Scientific Technology Collaboration Key Project (No. 2009C14010), China
文摘Background and objective:ST13, is the gene encoding the HSP70 interacting protein (HIP). Previous research has shown that ST13 mRNA and protein levels are down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. This study aims at the role of ST13 in the proliferation and migration of CRC cells. Methods:The transcript level of ST13 in different CRC cell lines was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). ST13-overexpressed and ST13-knockdown CRC cells were constructed respectively by lentiviral transduction, followed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, plate colony formation, cell-cycle analysis, and migration assays to evaluate the influence of ST13 on proliferation and migration in vitro. Moreover, a mouse xenograft study was performed to test in vivo tumorigenicity of ST13-knockdown CRC cells. Results: Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of ST13 in CRC cells in-hibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration in vitro. In contrast, down-regulation of ST13 by lentiviral-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference in CRC cells significantly increased cell proliferation and cloning efficiency in vitro. In addition, down-regulation of ST13 expression significantly increased the tumorigenicity of CRC cells in vivo. Conclusions:ST13 gene is a proliferation regulator that inhibits tumor growth in CRC and may affect cell migration.
基金the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.J2019-Ⅵ-0004-0117)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52001024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.FRF-TP-19-037A1 and FRF-GF-19-027B)。
文摘High density alloys with enhanced deformability and strength are urgently required in energy,military and nuclear industries,etc.In this work,we present a new kind of NiCoFeCrMoW high entropy alloys(HEAs)which possess higher densities and sound velocities than copper.We systematically investigate the phase structure,quasi-static tensile,dynamic compression and related deformation mechanism of these HEAs.It is shown that single FCC or FCC+μdual phases were formed in the HEAs depending on Mo and W content and annealing temperature.Excellent quasi-static tensile and dynamic compression properties have been achieved for these HEAs,e.g.Ni_(30)Co_(30)Fe_(21)Cr_(10)W_(9)HEA annealed at 1573 K exhibited a yield and ultimate tensile strength and elongation of~364 MPa,~866 MPa and~32%,respectively,in quasi-static test;a yield strength of~710 MPa and no fracture under the dynamic strain rate of 4100 s^(-1).Superior strain rate sensitivity(SRS)of yield strength than that of previously reported FCC HEAs have been evidenced.The dynamic stress-strain constitutive relation can be described by the modified Johnson-Cook model.As for the dynamic deformation mechanism,it is envisaged that the regulation of stacking fault energy and Peierls barrier in current HEAs resulted in occurrences of abundant nanoscale deformation twins and microbands during high strain rate compression.The synergistic microbanding and twinning effectively contributes to the enhanced dynamic deformability and strengthening effect.Besides,the interactions of dislocations with precipitates,stacking faults(SFs)with twins,and between SFs also contribute to extraordinary work-hardening capacity.
基金supported by Zhejiang Basic Public Welfare Research Project(No.LGF18H160040)。
文摘Objective:Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 6(ANKRD6)is an ankyrin repeat-containing protein which is structurally related to vertebrate inversin and Drosophila Diego.However,the correlations between ANKRD6 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in cancers is not clear.Methods:ANKRD6 expression was analyzed by Oncomine,Tumor Immune Estimation Resource(TIMER)and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA).PrognoScan and GEPIA were used to evaluate the influence of ANKRD6 on clinical prognosis.TIMER and CIBERSORT were used to analyze correlations between ANKRD6 expression levels and tumor immune cell infiltrates.Immunohistochemical analysis of the relationship between ANKRD6 expression and overall survival,as well as the relationship between ANKRD6 expression and M2 macrophage infiltration,was performed.Results:High level of ANKRD6 expression was associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer.ANKRD6 expression level was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of CD8+T cells,CD4+T cells,macrophages,neutrophils and dendritic cells in colon cancer by using TIMER.Using CIBERSORT,we found that in plasma cells,CD8+T cells,CD4+memory resting T cells,follicular helper T cells and activated natural killer cells were significantly lower in the ANKRD6-high group than in the ANKRD6-low group.M0 and M2 macrophages were significantly higher in the ANKRD6-high group than in the ANKRD6-low group.Immunohistochemistry confirmed that M2 macrophage infiltration in the ANKRD6-high group significantly increased.Conclusions:The high ANKRD6 expression is associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer.ANKRD6 expression is positively correlated with M2 macrophage infiltration in colon cancer.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 256 puerpera with single full-term delivery who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were included in the study and divided into the vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group with 128 cases in each group according to the delivery ways. According to the medication, each group was divided into the carbetocin group and oxytocin group with 64 cases in each group. After fetus delivery, the puerpera in the carbetocin group were given intravenous injection of carbetocin (100μg), while the puerpera in the oxytocin group were given intravenous injection of oxytocin (10 U)+0.9% NaCl (500 mL) for 2 h. The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in each group was observed. A volume of 5 mL elbow venous blood before delivery and 24 h after delivery was extracted. The automatic blood cell analyzer was used to detect the decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin in each group. The coagulation detector was used to detect PT, APTT, and FIB before delivery and 24 h after delivery. The blood pressure and heart rate before and after medication in each group were observed.Results: The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The indicators of coagulation function 24 h after delivery in each group were not signiifcantly changed (P>0.05). The heart rate and blood pressure after medication in each group were not significantly changed when compared with before medication (P>0.05).Conclusions:Carbetocin can effectively prevent the postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia, and is safe and effective in application of vaginal delivery and cesarean section;therefore, it deserves to be widely recommended in the clinic.
基金financially supported by the Key Project of the Equipment Pre-Research Field Fund of China(No.6140922010302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51690164)。
文摘Entropy-stabilized multi-component alloys have been considered to be prospective structural materials attributing to their impressive mechanical and functional properties.The local chemical complexions,microstates and configurational transformations are essential to reveal the structure–property relationship,thus,to promote the development of advanced multicomponent alloys.In the present work,effects of local lattice distortion(LLD)and microstates of various configurations on the equilibrium volume(V0),total energy,Fermi energy,magnetic moment(μMag)and electron work function(Φ)and bonding structures of the Fe–Mn–Al medium entropy alloy(MEA)have been investigated comprehensively by first-principles calculations.It is found that theΦandμMag of those MEA are proportional to the V 0,which is dominated by lattice distortion.In terms of bonding charge density,both the strengthened clusters or the so-called short-range order structures and the weakly bonded spots or weak spots are characterized.While the presence of weakly bonded Al atoms implies a large LLD/mismatch,the Fe–Mn bonding pairs result in the formation of strengthened clusters,which dominate the local microstates and the configurational transitions.The variations ofμMag are associated with the enhancement of the nearest neighbor magnetic Fe and Mn atoms,attributing to the LLD caused by Al atoms,the local changes in the electronic structures.This work provides an atomic and electronic insight into the microstate-dominated solid-solution strengthening mechanism of Fe–Mn–Al MEA.
基金Project for Improving Basic Capabilities of Middle-aged and Young Teachers in Guangxi Institutions of Higher Learning(No.KY2016YB833Open Project for Guangxi First-class Discipline Construction of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(No.2019XK038)Funded by Development Program of High-level Talent Team under Qihuang Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(No.2018005).
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical effects of Zhuang Medicine Yangxue Xiaozheng Decoction in treating the combined Ems of dampness and blood stasis in Guangxi;Methods:100 patients with endometriosis treated in Lili Clinic of Famous Doctor,Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital from Mach 2016 to May 2017 were chosen as the research object.According to the random grouping method,patients were randomly divided into the treatment group(The Zhuang Medicine Yangxue Xiaozheng Decoction(ZYF)Group)and the control group(Chinese patent medicine SanJieZhenTongJiaoNang(SJZT)group with 50 cases in each group.After treatment,the TCM syndrome score,changes in pelvic mass size,hepatocyte growth factor(HGP)levels,and clinical effects before and after treatment were evaluated.Results:After two courses of treatment,the total effective rate of patients in the ZYF group was 88%,which were significantly better than 70%of the SJZT group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:With a significant effect on patients with the combined Ems of dampness and blood stasis in Guangxi,Zhuang Medicine Yangxue Xiaozheng Decoction can improve the uterine cavity mass and reduce serum HGP level.
文摘Objective:To explore the uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery hemodynamic change in patients with HDP.Methods:A total of 80 patients with HDP who came to our hospital from July, 2015 to July, 2016 for pregnancy examination were included in the study and served as the observation group, while 80 healthy pregnant women who came for pregnancy examination in the same period were served as the control group. The pregnant women in the two groups were performed with sequential color Doppler ultrasound at gestation 30-40 weeks. The two-dimensional ultrasound apparatus was used to detect the uterine artery and umbilical artery. PI, RI, and S/D were recorded. The fetal BPD, head girth, femur length, and abdominal girth were measured. ELISA was used to detect 8-iso-PGF2α. The immunoturbidimetry was used to detect Cys-C and CRP.Results:The uterine artery PI, RI, and S/D in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The umbilical artery PI, RI, and S/D in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The fetal BPD, head girth, femur length, and abdominal girth in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group. 8-iso-PGF2α, Cys C, and CRP levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusions:The uterine artery and umbilical artery blood flow resistance in patients with HDP are significantly elevated, which can severely affect the placental blood perfusion and fetal growth and development, while the color Doppler ultrasound can provide a non-invasive diagnosis for fetal distress in uterus.
文摘Objective:To explore the correlation of serum inflammatory cytokine and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) related indicators with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDP). Methods:A total of 90 patients with HDP who were admitted in our hospital from July, 2015 to July, 2016 for delivery were included in the study and divided into the pregnancy-induced hypertension group (n=43), mild preeclampsia group (n=28), and severe preeclampsia group (n=19). Moreover, 40 healthy puerpera who were admitted in the same period for delivery were served as the control group. The peripheral venous blood before delivery was collected. The immunoturbidimetry was used to detect hs-CRP. The radioimmunoassay was used to detect TNF-α and IL-6. ELISA was used to detect IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-1.Results:The serum hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the pregnancy-induced hypertension group, mild preeclampsia group, and severe preeclampsia group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and were gradually elevated with the further aggravation of the disease. The serum IGF-I and IGF-II levels in the pregnancy-induced hypertension group, mild preeclampsia group, and severe preeclampsia group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while IGFBP-1 level was significantly higher than that in the control group. With the further aggravation of the disease, IGF-I and IGF-II levels were gradually reduced, while IGFBP-1 level was gradually elevated.Conclusions: hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IGF-Ⅰ, IGF-Ⅱ, and IGFBP-1 are closely associated with the occurrence and development of HDP.
文摘Dear Editor, The incidence of male infertility is approximately 10%;1 however, the causes of nonobstructive azoospermia （NOA） remain elusive.2,3 Recent studies into this type of idiopathic male infertility have focused on meiotic prophase I.4-6 Here, we report an NOA patient with anomalies in soermatogenesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22236007,22025603,21802133)the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(3502Z20227241)。
文摘The integration of microorganisms and photosensitizers presents a promising approach to chemical production utilizing solar energy.However,the current system construction process remains complex.Herein,we introduce a straightforward and efficient solar-to-chemical conversion system that combines the dissolved photosensitizer Eosin Y with the non-photosynthetic bacterium Moorella thermoacetica.Under light radiation,acetate production increased to 5.1μM h^(-1)μM^(-1)catalyst,exceeding the previously reported maximum by 5.9-fold,with a quantum efficiency of 17.6%.The soluble photosensitizer EY can penetrate the cell and directly engage in intracellular energy metabolism,significantly enhancing intracellular ATP and NADPH/NADP^(+)levels.Within this biohybrid system,sacrificial agent triethanolamine played a dual role:(1)providing continuous photoelectron generation by Eosin Y,enhancing intracellular reducing power,and facilitating carbon fixation via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway;and(2)its oxidation product,formaldehyde,served as a critical intermediate and a direct precursor for methylenetetrahydrofolate in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway,consequently simplifying reaction steps and markedly boosting acetate yield.This study provides a simple microorganism-photosensitizer biohybrid system to produce acetate and light on the multifaceted roles of sacrificial agents,paving the development of efficient solar energy conversion with nonphotosynthetic bacteria.
基金Health Commission of Hubei Province Medical Leading Talent Project,and Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Grant/Award Numbers:ZNJC201922,ZNJC202007Key Research&Development Project of Hubei Province,Grant/Award Number:2020BCA069+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:81803065,81972852Research Projects of Biomedical Center of Hubei Cancer Hospital,Grant/Award Number:2022SWZX12。
文摘Background:Immunotherapy has revolutionized the therapeutical regimen for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),yet its response rate remains insufficient.Programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)on small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediates local and peripheral immunosuppression in tumors,and the mechanism of PD-L1 loading into these vesicles is garnering increasing attention.Latent membrane protein 1(LMP1),a key viral oncoprotein expressed in Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-positive NPC,contributes to remodeling the tumor microenvironment.However,the precise mechanisms by which LMP1 modulates tumor immunity in NPC remain unclear.Here,we aimed to investigate the roles and regulatory mechanisms of LMP1 and sEV PD-L1 in NPC immune evasion.Methods:We analyzed the impact of LMP1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte abundance in NPC tissues and humanized tumor-bearing mouse models using multiplex immunofluorescence(mIF)and flow cytometry,respectively.Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis were employed to characterize sEVs.Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry was utilized to identify proteins interacting with LMP1.The regulatory effects of sEVs on tumor microenvironment were assessed by monitoring CD8^(+)T cell proliferation and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)expression via flow cytometry.Furthermore,the expression patterns of LMP1 and downstream regulators in NPC were analyzed using mIF and survival analysis.Results:High LMP1 expression in NPC patient specimens and mouse models was associated with restricted infiltration of CD8^(+)T cells.Additionally,LMP1 promoted sEV PD-L1 secretion,leading to inhibition of CD8^(+)T cell viability and IFN-γ expression in vitro.Mechanistically,LMP1 recruited apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X(ALIX)through its intracellular domain and bound PD-L1 through its transmembrane domain,thereby facilitating the loading of PDL1 into ALIX-dependent sEVs.Disruption of ALIX diminished LMP1-induced sEV PD-L1 secretion and enhanced the anti-tumor immunity of CD8^(+)T cells both in vitro and in vivo.Moreover,increased expression levels of LMP1 and ALIXwere positively correlated with enhanced immunosuppressive features and worse prognostic outcomes in NPC patients.Conclusion:Our findings uncovered the mechanism by which LMP1 interacts with ALIX and PD-L1 to form a trimolecular complex,facilitating PD-L1 loading into ALIX-dependent sEV secretion pathway,ultimately inhibiting the antitumor immune response in NPC.This highlights a novel target and prognostic marker for NPC immunotherapy.
