The rapid growth of distributed data-centric applications and AI workloads increases demand for low-latency,high-throughput communication,necessitating frequent and flexible updates to network routing configurations.H...The rapid growth of distributed data-centric applications and AI workloads increases demand for low-latency,high-throughput communication,necessitating frequent and flexible updates to network routing configurations.However,maintaining consistent forwarding states during these updates is challenging,particularly when rerouting multiple flows simultaneously.Existing approaches pay little attention to multi-flow update,where improper update sequences across data plane nodes may construct deadlock dependencies.Moreover,these methods typically involve excessive control-data plane interactions,incurring significant resource overhead and performance degradation.This paper presents P4LoF,an efficient loop-free update approach that enables the controller to reroute multiple flows through minimal interactions.P4LoF first utilizes a greedy-based algorithm to generate the shortest update dependency chain for the single-flow update.These chains are then dynamically merged into a dependency graph and resolved as a Shortest Common Super-sequence(SCS)problem to produce the update sequence of multi-flow update.To address deadlock dependencies in multi-flow updates,P4LoF builds a deadlock-fix forwarding model that leverages the flexible packet processing capabilities of the programmable data plane.Experimental results show that P4LoF reduces control-data plane interactions by at least 32.6%with modest overhead,while effectively guaranteeing loop-free consistency.展开更多
Blending the agility of aerial drones with the covert capabilities of underwater submersibles,the aerial-aquatic rotorcraft has garnered substantial interest due to their unparalleled capacity to traverse both air and...Blending the agility of aerial drones with the covert capabilities of underwater submersibles,the aerial-aquatic rotorcraft has garnered substantial interest due to their unparalleled capacity to traverse both air and water.Nevertheless,a critical hurdle for these vehicles lies in mitigating the adverse effects of repeatedly transitioning between these environments,particularly during water-surface takeoffs.Currently,research on the interference caused by rotors approaching water surfaces remains limited.This paper introduces a novel adaptive rotor aerodynamic model based on continuous finite vortex theory to predict rotor thrust within gas–liquid flow field.Initially,the model's sensitivity to system parameters was analyzed to optimize its predictive capabilities.Subsequently,a comprehensive ground/water experimental setup was designed to investigate the intricate aerodynamic interactions between the rotor flow field and water.By varying rotor sizes,the characteristics of the rotor flow field and water surface were examined at different rotor-water surface distances.The performance of different modeling methods was analyzed based on the rotor experimental data of a diameter of 0.38 m,and the prediction results were quantified using the percentage of the mean-square error.The results show that the average error of the finite vortex rotor model is the smallest.Finally,a novel transition boundary is proposed to divide the rotor flow field of the gas–liquid mixture into two stages.The thrust loss zone is defined to delineate the safe operating range of the aircraft,providing a basis for the design of aerial-aquatic rotorcraft.展开更多
Nowadays,orthodontic treatment has become increasingly popular.However,the biological mechanisms of orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)have not been fully elucidated.We were aiming to summarize the evidences regarding the...Nowadays,orthodontic treatment has become increasingly popular.However,the biological mechanisms of orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)have not been fully elucidated.We were aiming to summarize the evidences regarding the mechanisms of OTM.Firstly,we introduced the research models as a basis for further discussion of mechanisms.Secondly,we proposed a new hypothesis regarding the primary roles of periodontal ligament cells(PDLCs)and osteocytes involved in OTM mechanisms and summarized the biomechanical and biological responses of the periodontium in OTM through four steps,basically in OTM temporal sequences,as follows:(1)Extracellular mechanobiology of periodontium:biological,mechanical,and material changes of acellular components in periodontium under orthodontic forces were introduced.(2)Cell strain:the sensing,transduction,and regulation of mechanical stimuli in PDLCs and osteocytes.(3)Cell activation and differentiation:the activation and differentiation mechanisms of osteoblast and osteoclast,the force-induced sterile inflammation,and the communication networks consisting of sensors and effectors.(4)Tissue remodeling:the remodeling of bone and periodontal ligament(PDL)in the compression side and tension side responding to mechanical stimuli and root resorption.Lastly,we talked about the clinical implications of the updated OTM mechanisms,regarding optimal orthodontic force(OOF),acceleration of OTM,and prevention of root resorption.展开更多
Fluorescent silk is fundamentally important for the development of future tissue engineering scaffolds.Despite great progress in the preparation of a variety of colored silks,fluorescent silk with enhanced mechanical ...Fluorescent silk is fundamentally important for the development of future tissue engineering scaffolds.Despite great progress in the preparation of a variety of colored silks,fluorescent silk with enhanced mechanical properties has yet to be explored.In this study,we report on the fabrication of intrinsically super-strong fluorescent silk by feeding Bombyx mori silkworm carbon nanodots(CNDs).The CNDs were incorporated into silk fibroin,hindering the conformation transformation,confining crystallization,and inducing orientation of mesophase.The resultant silk exhibited super-strong mechanical properties with breaking strength of 521.9±82.7 MPa and breaking elongation of 19.2±4.3%,improvements of 55.1%and 53.6%,respectively,in comparison with regular silk.The CNDs-reinforced silk displayed intrinsic blue fluorescence when exposed to 405 nm laser and exhibited no cytotoxic effect on cells,suggesting that multi-functional silks would be potentially useful in bioimaging and other applications.展开更多
目的探讨"隧道法"腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术的安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析2018年8月至2021年4月西南医科大学附属简阳市人民医院肝胆外科接受腹腔镜左半肝切除术患者的临床资料,根据不同的手术操作方式分为两组:"隧...目的探讨"隧道法"腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术的安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析2018年8月至2021年4月西南医科大学附属简阳市人民医院肝胆外科接受腹腔镜左半肝切除术患者的临床资料,根据不同的手术操作方式分为两组:"隧道法"腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术组(隧道法组)19例、经前入路腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术组(前入路组)20例,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、断肝时间、断肝出血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症等。结果隧道法组在手术时间、术中出血量、断肝时间、断肝出血量方面均低于前入路组[(185.53±59.84)min vs (232.50±62.92)min,(244.74±88.03)mL vs (327.50±154.30)mL,(15.11±5.53)min vs (41.25±21.21)min,(65.26±23.66)mL vs (156.50±69.46)mL],差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组在术后住院时间、术后并发症方面差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论"隧道法"腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术安全、可行,且手术时间短、出血少,有望成为腹腔镜左半肝切除的一种标准术式。展开更多
Objective:The introduction of therapeutic antibodies(tAbs)into clinical practice has revolutionized tumor treatment strategies,but their tumor therapy efficiency is still far below expectations because of the rapid de...Objective:The introduction of therapeutic antibodies(tAbs)into clinical practice has revolutionized tumor treatment strategies,but their tumor therapy efficiency is still far below expectations because of the rapid degradation and limited tumor accumulation of tAbs.Methods:We developed a nanocapsule-based delivery system to induce the self-augmentation of the enhanced permeability and retention(EPR)effect.This system constantly penetrated across the blood-tumor barrier into the tumor while avoiding the attack of tAbs by the immune system.The biodistribution and therapeutic effect were tested with single dose administration of nanocapsule-tAbs in vivo.Results:The accumulation of Nano(cetuximab)within subcutaneous PC9 tumors was gradually enhanced over 6 days after single dose administration,which was contrary to the biodistribution of native cetuximab.Nano(cetuximab)accumulated in tumor tissues via the EPR effect and released cetuximab.The released cetuximab acted on vascular endothelial cells to destroy the blood-tumor barrier and induce self-augmentation of the EPR effect,which in turn contributed to further tumor accumulation of long-circulating Nano(cetuximab).Compared with single dose administration of native cetuximab,Nano(cetuximab)showed an effective tumor suppressive effect for 3 weeks.Conclusions:The nanocapsule-based delivery system efficiently delivered tAbs to tum or tissues and released them to boost the EPR effect,which facilitated further tumor accumulation of the tAbs.This novel self-augmentation of the EPR effect facilitated by the biological characteristics of tAbs and nanotechnology contributed to the improvement of the therapeutic effect of tAbs,and stimulated new ideas for antibody-based tumor therapy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2022YFB2901501in part by the Science and Technology Innovation leading Talents Subsidy Project of Central Plains under Grant 244200510038.
文摘The rapid growth of distributed data-centric applications and AI workloads increases demand for low-latency,high-throughput communication,necessitating frequent and flexible updates to network routing configurations.However,maintaining consistent forwarding states during these updates is challenging,particularly when rerouting multiple flows simultaneously.Existing approaches pay little attention to multi-flow update,where improper update sequences across data plane nodes may construct deadlock dependencies.Moreover,these methods typically involve excessive control-data plane interactions,incurring significant resource overhead and performance degradation.This paper presents P4LoF,an efficient loop-free update approach that enables the controller to reroute multiple flows through minimal interactions.P4LoF first utilizes a greedy-based algorithm to generate the shortest update dependency chain for the single-flow update.These chains are then dynamically merged into a dependency graph and resolved as a Shortest Common Super-sequence(SCS)problem to produce the update sequence of multi-flow update.To address deadlock dependencies in multi-flow updates,P4LoF builds a deadlock-fix forwarding model that leverages the flexible packet processing capabilities of the programmable data plane.Experimental results show that P4LoF reduces control-data plane interactions by at least 32.6%with modest overhead,while effectively guaranteeing loop-free consistency.
基金the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(No.KYCX24_0532)the Key Laboratory of Cross-Domain Flight Interdisciplinary Technology,China(Nos.2024-KF03001,2024-KF03003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12272169)for the financial support。
文摘Blending the agility of aerial drones with the covert capabilities of underwater submersibles,the aerial-aquatic rotorcraft has garnered substantial interest due to their unparalleled capacity to traverse both air and water.Nevertheless,a critical hurdle for these vehicles lies in mitigating the adverse effects of repeatedly transitioning between these environments,particularly during water-surface takeoffs.Currently,research on the interference caused by rotors approaching water surfaces remains limited.This paper introduces a novel adaptive rotor aerodynamic model based on continuous finite vortex theory to predict rotor thrust within gas–liquid flow field.Initially,the model's sensitivity to system parameters was analyzed to optimize its predictive capabilities.Subsequently,a comprehensive ground/water experimental setup was designed to investigate the intricate aerodynamic interactions between the rotor flow field and water.By varying rotor sizes,the characteristics of the rotor flow field and water surface were examined at different rotor-water surface distances.The performance of different modeling methods was analyzed based on the rotor experimental data of a diameter of 0.38 m,and the prediction results were quantified using the percentage of the mean-square error.The results show that the average error of the finite vortex rotor model is the smallest.Finally,a novel transition boundary is proposed to divide the rotor flow field of the gas–liquid mixture into two stages.The thrust loss zone is defined to delineate the safe operating range of the aircraft,providing a basis for the design of aerial-aquatic rotorcraft.
文摘为了控制低碳铝镇静钢中Al_(2)O_(3)夹杂物,并提升渣系对Al_(2)O_(3)夹杂物吸附能力,采用FactSage 8.1模拟计算CaO-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-5%MgO-5%FeO渣系的等黏度图和等ΔC/η(ΔC=C_(Al_(2)O_(3))^(s)-C_(Al_(2)O_(3))^(b),η为渣的黏度)值线图。根据模拟计算图选取合适的五元精炼渣做Al_(2)O_(3)的吸附试验,试验研究了Al_(2)O_(3)在CaO-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-5%MgO-5%FeO渣系中的溶解速率,讨论了Al_(2)O_(3)棒浸入深度、直径、转速、渣成分以及温度对Al_(2)O_(3)溶解速率的影响,求解了Al_(2)O_(3)在溶解过程中的活化能。最后,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(Apreo S HiVac)对氧化铝棒与熔渣接触的界面处进行微区线元素的定性分析。研究结果表明,Al_(2)O_(3)在渣中的溶解速率受诸多因素的影响;溶解速率随氧化铝棒的旋转速度、棒直径、浸入深度和温度的增加而增加;溶解速率也会随着CaO含量的增加而增加,Al_(2)O_(3)和SiO_(2)含量的增加而降低。溶解速率高度依赖于熔渣的黏度,渣的黏度对Al_(2)O_(3)的溶解速率呈负相关,Al_(2)O_(3)的溶解速率与浓度驱动力呈正相关。氧化铝棒溶解于渣系前,会先生成中间相CaO·2Al_(2)O_(3)和CaO·6Al_(2)O_(3),中间相溶解在熔渣中,溶解于渣A中的表观活化能为410.9 kJ/mol。结合溶解速率图与等ΔC/η值线图进行对比,验证了Al_(2)O_(3)在渣中的溶解速率受渣物性的影响。
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(project No.31971247).
文摘Nowadays,orthodontic treatment has become increasingly popular.However,the biological mechanisms of orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)have not been fully elucidated.We were aiming to summarize the evidences regarding the mechanisms of OTM.Firstly,we introduced the research models as a basis for further discussion of mechanisms.Secondly,we proposed a new hypothesis regarding the primary roles of periodontal ligament cells(PDLCs)and osteocytes involved in OTM mechanisms and summarized the biomechanical and biological responses of the periodontium in OTM through four steps,basically in OTM temporal sequences,as follows:(1)Extracellular mechanobiology of periodontium:biological,mechanical,and material changes of acellular components in periodontium under orthodontic forces were introduced.(2)Cell strain:the sensing,transduction,and regulation of mechanical stimuli in PDLCs and osteocytes.(3)Cell activation and differentiation:the activation and differentiation mechanisms of osteoblast and osteoclast,the force-induced sterile inflammation,and the communication networks consisting of sensors and effectors.(4)Tissue remodeling:the remodeling of bone and periodontal ligament(PDL)in the compression side and tension side responding to mechanical stimuli and root resorption.Lastly,we talked about the clinical implications of the updated OTM mechanisms,regarding optimal orthodontic force(OOF),acceleration of OTM,and prevention of root resorption.
基金sponsored by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0201700,2016YFA0201702)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232019A3-06,2232019D3-02)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1105800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21674018,51903045)the Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials(18520750400).
文摘Fluorescent silk is fundamentally important for the development of future tissue engineering scaffolds.Despite great progress in the preparation of a variety of colored silks,fluorescent silk with enhanced mechanical properties has yet to be explored.In this study,we report on the fabrication of intrinsically super-strong fluorescent silk by feeding Bombyx mori silkworm carbon nanodots(CNDs).The CNDs were incorporated into silk fibroin,hindering the conformation transformation,confining crystallization,and inducing orientation of mesophase.The resultant silk exhibited super-strong mechanical properties with breaking strength of 521.9±82.7 MPa and breaking elongation of 19.2±4.3%,improvements of 55.1%and 53.6%,respectively,in comparison with regular silk.The CNDs-reinforced silk displayed intrinsic blue fluorescence when exposed to 405 nm laser and exhibited no cytotoxic effect on cells,suggesting that multi-functional silks would be potentially useful in bioimaging and other applications.
文摘目的探讨"隧道法"腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术的安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析2018年8月至2021年4月西南医科大学附属简阳市人民医院肝胆外科接受腹腔镜左半肝切除术患者的临床资料,根据不同的手术操作方式分为两组:"隧道法"腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术组(隧道法组)19例、经前入路腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术组(前入路组)20例,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、断肝时间、断肝出血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症等。结果隧道法组在手术时间、术中出血量、断肝时间、断肝出血量方面均低于前入路组[(185.53±59.84)min vs (232.50±62.92)min,(244.74±88.03)mL vs (327.50±154.30)mL,(15.11±5.53)min vs (41.25±21.21)min,(65.26±23.66)mL vs (156.50±69.46)mL],差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组在术后住院时间、术后并发症方面差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论"隧道法"腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术安全、可行,且手术时间短、出血少,有望成为腹腔镜左半肝切除的一种标准术式。
基金the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant Nos.2016YFC0902502 and 2018YFA0209700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81772667 and 51773151)the Special Construction Innovation Funded Project for Community in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei of China(Grant No.18247792D).
文摘Objective:The introduction of therapeutic antibodies(tAbs)into clinical practice has revolutionized tumor treatment strategies,but their tumor therapy efficiency is still far below expectations because of the rapid degradation and limited tumor accumulation of tAbs.Methods:We developed a nanocapsule-based delivery system to induce the self-augmentation of the enhanced permeability and retention(EPR)effect.This system constantly penetrated across the blood-tumor barrier into the tumor while avoiding the attack of tAbs by the immune system.The biodistribution and therapeutic effect were tested with single dose administration of nanocapsule-tAbs in vivo.Results:The accumulation of Nano(cetuximab)within subcutaneous PC9 tumors was gradually enhanced over 6 days after single dose administration,which was contrary to the biodistribution of native cetuximab.Nano(cetuximab)accumulated in tumor tissues via the EPR effect and released cetuximab.The released cetuximab acted on vascular endothelial cells to destroy the blood-tumor barrier and induce self-augmentation of the EPR effect,which in turn contributed to further tumor accumulation of long-circulating Nano(cetuximab).Compared with single dose administration of native cetuximab,Nano(cetuximab)showed an effective tumor suppressive effect for 3 weeks.Conclusions:The nanocapsule-based delivery system efficiently delivered tAbs to tum or tissues and released them to boost the EPR effect,which facilitated further tumor accumulation of the tAbs.This novel self-augmentation of the EPR effect facilitated by the biological characteristics of tAbs and nanotechnology contributed to the improvement of the therapeutic effect of tAbs,and stimulated new ideas for antibody-based tumor therapy.
