1.Introduction.Ni-Mn-X(X=Ga,In,Sn,or Sb)Heusler alloys have versatile properties[1-4],such as shape memory effect[1],superelastic-ity[5],magnetocaloric effect[3],elastocaloric effect[6],and even multicaloric effect[7]...1.Introduction.Ni-Mn-X(X=Ga,In,Sn,or Sb)Heusler alloys have versatile properties[1-4],such as shape memory effect[1],superelastic-ity[5],magnetocaloric effect[3],elastocaloric effect[6],and even multicaloric effect[7],that indicate their potential for use in actu-ators,sensors,micropumps,energy harvesters,and solid-state re-frigeration[8-10].Among the alloys,Ni-Mn-Sn-based alloys are environment-friendly and cost-effective[6,7,11],and hence,they have received widespread attention.展开更多
1.Introduction B_(4)C ceramics have high potential for use in aerospace,military,nuclear energy,and other fields owing to their excellent properties such as low density,high melting point,high hardness,high chem-ical ...1.Introduction B_(4)C ceramics have high potential for use in aerospace,military,nuclear energy,and other fields owing to their excellent properties such as low density,high melting point,high hardness,high chem-ical stability,excellent wear resistance,and good neutron absorp-tion ability[1-3].However,the fracture toughness(1.9 MPa·m^(1/2))of B_(4)C is poor[2].Furthermore,the low diffusion coefficient asso-ciated with the strong covalent bond of B_(4)C makes it very difficult to achieve densification through traditional pressureless sintering.For example,after the pressureless sintering of B_(4)C at 2375℃ for 1 h,Roy et al.[4]achieved a relative density of only 87%.展开更多
Challenges in stratigraphic modeling arise from underground uncertainty.While borehole exploration is reliable,it remains sparse due to economic and site constraints.Electrical resistivity tomography(ERT)as a cost-eff...Challenges in stratigraphic modeling arise from underground uncertainty.While borehole exploration is reliable,it remains sparse due to economic and site constraints.Electrical resistivity tomography(ERT)as a cost-effective geophysical technique can acquire high-density data;however,uncertainty and nonuniqueness inherent in ERT impede its usage for stratigraphy identification.This paper integrates ERT and onsite observations for the first time to propose a novel method for characterizing stratigraphic profiles.The method consists of two steps:(1)ERT for prior knowledge:ERT data are processed by soft clustering using the Gaussian mixture model,followed by probability smoothing to quantify its depthdependent uncertainty;and(2)Observations for calibration:a spatial sequential Bayesian updating(SSBU)algorithm is developed to update the prior knowledge based on likelihoods derived from onsite observations,namely topsoil and boreholes.The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through its application to a real slope site in Foshan,China.Comparative analysis with advanced borehole-driven methods highlights the superiority of incorporating ERT data in stratigraphic modeling,in terms of prediction accuracy at borehole locations and sensitivity to borehole data.Informed by ERT,reduced sensitivity to boreholes provides a fundamental solution to the longstanding challenge of sparse measurements.The paper further discusses the impact of ERT uncertainty on the proposed model using time-lapse measurements,the impact of model resolution,and applicability in engineering projects.This study,as a breakthrough in stratigraphic modeling,bridges gaps in combining geophysical and geotechnical data to address measurement sparsity and paves the way for more economical geotechnical exploration.展开更多
Characterization of vegetation effect on soil response is essential for comprehending site-specific hydrological processes.Traditional research often relies on sensors or remote sensing data to examine the hydrologica...Characterization of vegetation effect on soil response is essential for comprehending site-specific hydrological processes.Traditional research often relies on sensors or remote sensing data to examine the hydrological properties of vegetation zones,yet these methods are limited by either measurement sparsity or spatial inaccuracy.Therefore,this paper is the first to propose a data-driven approach that incorporates high-temporal-resolution electrical resistivity tomography(ERT)to quantify soil hydrological response.Time-lapse ERT is deployed on a vegetated slope site in Foshan,China,during a discontinuous rainfall induced by Typhoon Haikui.A total of 97 ERT measurements were collected with an average time interval of 2.7 hours.The Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM)is applied to quantify the level of response and objectively classify impact zones based on features extracted directly from the ERT data.The resistivity-moisture content correlation is established based on on-site sensor data to characterize infiltration and evapotranspiration across wet-dry conditions.The findings are compared with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),a common indicator for vegetation quantification,to reveal potential spatial errors in remote sensing data.In addition,this study provides discussions on the potential applications and future directions.This paper showcases significant spatio-temporal advantages over existing studies,providing a more detailed and accurate characterization of superficial soil hydrological response.展开更多
In order to investigate the modification behavior and regularity of inclusions in X80 pipeline steel by Mg-treatment, the comparative industrial experiments of Mg-treatment and Ca-treatment in X80 pipeline steel were ...In order to investigate the modification behavior and regularity of inclusions in X80 pipeline steel by Mg-treatment, the comparative industrial experiments of Mg-treatment and Ca-treatment in X80 pipeline steel were carried out. Mg and Ca were added to the steel in the form of cored wire after RH (Ruhrstahl-Hereaeus vacuum degassing) process. After adding Ca-containing cored wire, the inclusions were transformed into CaO–Al_(2)O_(3) in the steel. With the progress of smelting, the cleanliness of molten steel became worse, and the equivalent diameter of inclusions was at a higher level. Mg-treatment had a good effect on the modification of inclusions. After Mg-containing cored wire was added to the steel, Al_(2)O_(3) and CaO–Al_(2)O_(3) in the steel were transformed into MgO, MgO·Al_(2)O_(3), and CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3) inclusions, which were basically spherical. The initial precipitated MgO became the core of other inclusions in the steel, which promotes the precipitation of MgO·Al_(2)O_(3). After Mg-treatment, almost no unmodified calcium aluminate inclusions existed in the hot rolled plate, and the cleanliness of the steel was improved. The effect of Ca and Mg on the transformation of inclusions in pipeline steel was studied by thermodynamic calculation, the result of which is consistent with the experimental results.展开更多
Purple-leafed plants not only have a higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,but also have higher ornamental value.Anthocyanins are vital for leaf color formation,growth and development of purple leaves.Howev...Purple-leafed plants not only have a higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,but also have higher ornamental value.Anthocyanins are vital for leaf color formation,growth and development of purple leaves.However,the molecular mechanism underlying purple leaf formation in Lagerstroemia indica remains unclear.Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of purple-leafed cultivar‘Ebony Embers’and greenleafed cultivar‘Arapahoe’showed that the high expression of anthocyanin structure genes induced hyperaccumulation of cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives,making the leaves purple.LfiHY5,LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 were identified using correlation analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.In‘Arapahoe’‘Ebony Embers’population,LfiHY5 and LfiMYB75 showed significant positive correlation with leaf anthocyanin content.Transient expression of LfiMYB75 and LfiHY5 in tobacco and purple-leafed crape myrtle indicated that the two genes activated anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed that LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 could form a complex that enhanced anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast monohybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that LfiHY5 activated the expression of LfiMYB75,to activate the transcription of anthocyanin structural genes LfiCHS and LfiANS.Moreover,there were three alleles of LfiHY5 in crape myrtle,and the different sequences had different activation effects on LfiMYB75.In conclusion,the results showed that LfiHY5 led to upregulate the transcription of LfiMYB75,and LfiMYB75 formed a complex with LfibHLH1,which increased the transcription level of LfiCHS and LfiANS to affect anthocyanin synthesis in crape myrtle.展开更多
Submerged entry nozzle(SEN)clogging is a major problem affecting the production quality of rare earth steel,and finding a suitable refractory outlet can significantly reduce production costs.To explore the relationshi...Submerged entry nozzle(SEN)clogging is a major problem affecting the production quality of rare earth steel,and finding a suitable refractory outlet can significantly reduce production costs.To explore the relationship between refractory composition and interface interaction,unprotected coated Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories and SiO2-coated Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories were added to rare earth high-carbon heavy rail steel under laboratory conditions,and the Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractory was found to be more suitable.The results show that,from the epoxy resin side to the refractory side,the contour of the refractory interface reaction layer can be divided into two main layers:an iron-rich reaction layer and an iron-poor reaction layer.Calculations based on the spherical model suggest that the adhesion force is proportional to the size of the refractory particles and inclusions,and the same result applies to the surface tension.Controlling the inclusions at a smaller size has a specific effect on alleviating the erosion of refractories.Combined with the erosion mechanism of Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories,the interface reaction mechanism between Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories and molten steel was proposed,which provides ideas for solving SEN clogging.展开更多
Binary neutron star mergers are unique sources of gravitational waves in multi-messenger astronomy.The inspira phase of binary neutron stars can emit gravitational waves as chirp signals.The present waveform models o ...Binary neutron star mergers are unique sources of gravitational waves in multi-messenger astronomy.The inspira phase of binary neutron stars can emit gravitational waves as chirp signals.The present waveform models o gravitational waves only considered the gravitational interaction.In this paper,we derive the waveform of th gravitational wave signal taking into account the presence of magnetic fields.We found that the electromagneti interaction and radiation can introduce different frequency-dependent power laws for both the amplitude and frequency of the gravitational wave.We show from the results of the Fisher information matrix that the third generation observation may detect magnetic dipole moments if the magnetic field is~10^(17)G.展开更多
Three-dimensional investigation of sulfides is required in order to improve the mechanical properties of steel by controlling the sulfides in the steel.A method including its principles and device is introduced for th...Three-dimensional investigation of sulfides is required in order to improve the mechanical properties of steel by controlling the sulfides in the steel.A method including its principles and device is introduced for the investigation of threedimensional morphology of sulfides.The method is suitable for gear steel,free cutting steel,non-quenched steel,tempered steel(ws≥0.02 wt.%),etc.The influences of current density,time,and temperature on the exposure degree of sulfide inclusions were investigated by using 16MnCrS5 steel.The best parameters of electrolytic etching of sulfur steel,as found by experimentation,are as follows:current density,37.5-52.5 mA/cm2;time,30-35 min;and temperature,—10 to 0℃.Under these conditions,the three-dimensional morphology of sulfide inclusions in sulfur-bearing steel can be exposed effectively.展开更多
Te is widely used in iron and steel industry. After adding a certain amount of Te in the steel, many physical and chemical properties can be improved. As a free-cutting element, a small amount of Te can significantly ...Te is widely used in iron and steel industry. After adding a certain amount of Te in the steel, many physical and chemical properties can be improved. As a free-cutting element, a small amount of Te can significantly improve the machinability of steel. The existing form of Te in the steel, the modification law of MnS inclusion by Te and the influence rule and mechanism of Te on the machinability of steel are summarized and expounded in detail, providing a reference for further study and development of Te-containing free-cutting steels.展开更多
Lamellar porous alumina scaffolds with the initial solid loadings of 20, 25, and 30 vol% were prepared by freeze casting using 5 μm alumina powders. With the addition of 3 wt% MgO-A1203-SiO2 nanopowders in a eutectic...Lamellar porous alumina scaffolds with the initial solid loadings of 20, 25, and 30 vol% were prepared by freeze casting using 5 μm alumina powders. With the addition of 3 wt% MgO-A1203-SiO2 nanopowders in a eutectic composition as sintering aid, the maximum compressive strength of the sintered scaffolds reached （64 -4- 2） MPa after sintering at 1,773 K for 2 h. The lamellar porous scaffolds were then filled with a molten Al-12Si-10 Mg alloy （in wt%） by pressureless infiltration at 1,223 K in a N2 atmosphere, yielding the shell-like structure of the composites. The compressive strength of the upper part composite with the initial 30 vol% solid loading reached （1,190 ±50） MPa, which was about 3.5 times as large as that of the matrix alloy.展开更多
Prepubertal testicular dysfunction and the subsequent development of hypogonadism affects an estimated one in 200 children worldwide. As the testosterone levels are dynamic during development and puberty, traditional ...Prepubertal testicular dysfunction and the subsequent development of hypogonadism affects an estimated one in 200 children worldwide. As the testosterone levels are dynamic during development and puberty, traditional hormone treatment regimens are often inadequate, thereby leaving associated physiological conditions unresolved. Therefore, we have investigated the potential therapeutic effect of mature Leydig cell transplantation for the treatment of prepubertal primary hypogonadism through the use of a surgically induced hypogonadistic rat model system. In the experiment, Leydig cells were surgically isolated from mature Sprague-Dawley rats and transplanted into prepubertal recipients. Serum testosterone levels and microscopic analysis of the stained testicular interstitium were compared with sham-treated controls, as well as with castrated and intact rats during sexual development. At 4 weeks post-implantation, serum testosterone was detectable in Leydig cell recipients, but not in surgical controls, and progressively increased as a function of time until reaching levels comparable with sexually mature males at 12 weeks post-implantation. Histological analysis revealed a high rate of Leydig cell survival as well as steroidogenic secretory activity. Therefore, we conclude that mature Leydig cell transplantation in prepubertal hypogonadism recipients has therapeutic potential in rats and merits further investigation for clinical application.展开更多
Metro is an important form of public transport in Shanghai.Based on the metro card data,we conduct the cluster analysis of Shanghai metro stations according to the pattern of passenger flow changing with time.Then the...Metro is an important form of public transport in Shanghai.Based on the metro card data,we conduct the cluster analysis of Shanghai metro stations according to the pattern of passenger flow changing with time.Then the characteristics of travel time and surrounding land use are investigated for different types of stations to explore the relationship between urban land-use characteristics and travel activities reflected by passenger flow at metro stations.It is found that the passenger flow pattern of metro stations is closely related to the location conditions of stations and its surrounding land-use patterns.Based on various characteristics,285 metro stations are classified into four types,including residential-oriented stations,employmentoriented stations,employment-residence-oriented stations,and integrated functionaloriented stations,reflecting the interaction between spontaneous travel behavior and urban land-use characteristics and providing a reference for optimizing the urban functional structure and the spatial allocation of facilities.展开更多
Ballpoint pen tip steel, a super free-cutting stainless steel, exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and good machining properties. In this study, inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy, metallographic microscopy, ...Ballpoint pen tip steel, a super free-cutting stainless steel, exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and good machining properties. In this study, inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy, metallographic microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to determine the elemental contents in five ballpoint pen tips and their components, morphologies, and inclusion distributions. The results showed that the steels were all S–Pb–Te super free-cutting ferritic stainless steel. The free-cutting phases in the steels were mainly Mn S, Pb, and small amounts of Pb Te. Mn S inclusions were in the form of chain distributions, and the aspect ratio of each size inclusion in the chain was small. The stress concentration effect could substantially reduce the cutting force when the material was machined. Some of the Pb was distributed evenly in the steel matrix as fine particles（1–2 μm）, and the rest of the Pb was distributed at the middle or at both ends of the Mn S inclusions. The Pb plays a role in lubrication and melting embrittlement, which substantially increases the cutting performance. Pb Te was also usually distributed in the middle and at both ends of the Mn S inclusions, and Te could convert the sulfides into spindles, thereby improving the cutting performance of the steel.展开更多
Crape myrtle(Lagerstroemia indica)is a globally used ornamental woody plant and is the representative species of Lagerstroemia.However,studies on the evolution and genomic breeding of L.indica have been hindered by th...Crape myrtle(Lagerstroemia indica)is a globally used ornamental woody plant and is the representative species of Lagerstroemia.However,studies on the evolution and genomic breeding of L.indica have been hindered by the lack of a reference genome.Here we assembled the first high-quality genome of L.indica using PacBio combined with Hi-C scaffolding to anchor the 329.14-Mb genome assembly into 24 pseudochromosomes.We detected a previously undescribed independent whole-genome triplication event occurring 35.5 million years ago in L.indica following its divergence from Punica granatum.After resequencing 73 accessions of Lagerstroemia,the main parents of modern crape myrtle cultivars were found to be L.indica and L.fauriei.During the process of domestication,genetic diversity tended to decrease in many plants,but this was not observed in L.indica.We constructed a high-density genetic linkage map with an average map distance of 0.33 cM.Furthermore,we integrated the results of quantitative trait locus(QTL)using genetic mapping and bulk segregant analysis(BSA),revealing that the major-effect interval controlling internode length(IL)is located on chr1,which contains CDL15,CRG98,and GID1b1 associated with the phytohormone pathways.Analysis of gene expression of the red,purple,and white flower-colour flavonoid pathways revealed that differential expression of multiple genes determined the flower colour of L.indica,with white flowers having the lowest gene expression.In addition,BSA of purple-and green-leaved individuals of populations of L.indica was performed,and the leaf colour loci were mapped to chr12 and chr17.Within these intervals,we identified MYB35,NCED,and KAS1.Our genome assembly provided a foundation for investigating the evolution,population structure,and differentiation of Myrtaceae species and accelerating the molecular breeding of L.indica.展开更多
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae(CPE) isolates are recognized as one of the most severe threats to public health. However, the population structure and genetic characteristics of CPE isolates among bloodstre...Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae(CPE) isolates are recognized as one of the most severe threats to public health. However, the population structure and genetic characteristics of CPE isolates among bloodstream infections(BSIs) are largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, in this study,we included patients with clinically significant BSIs due to Enterobacterales isolates, recruited from 26 sentinel hospitals in China(2014–2015). CPE isolates were microbiologically and genomically characterized,including their susceptibility profiles, molecular typing, phylogenetic features, and genetic context analysis of carbapenemase-encoding genes. Of the 2569 BSI Enterobacterales isolates enrolled, 42(1.6%) were carbapenemase-positive. Moreover, among the 2242 investigated isolates, 1111(49.6%) extendedspectrum β-lactamase(ESBL)-producing isolates were identified in Escherichia coli(E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae), Proteus mirabilis(P. mirabilis), and Klebsiella oxytoca. Whole genome sequencing analysis showed the clonal spread of K. pneumoniae carbapenemase(KPC)-2-producing K. pneumoniae sequence type(ST) 11 and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase(NDM)-5-producing E. coli ST167 in our collection. Plasmid analysis revealed that carbapenemase-encoding genes were located on multiple plasmids. A high prevalence of biofilm-encoding type 3 fimbriae clusters and yesiniabactin-associated genes was observed in K. pneumoniae isolates. This work demonstrates the high prevalence of ESBLs and the wide dissemination of CPE among BSI isolates in China, which represent real clinical threats. Moreover, our findings first illustrate a more comprehensive genome scenario of CPE isolates among BSIs. The clonal spread of KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 and NDM-5-producing E. coli ST167 needs to be closely monitored.展开更多
The morphology and distribution of manganese sulfide(MnS)inclusions have a significant influence on the comprehensive performance,which is an important research field for resulfurized steels.Based on the experiments o...The morphology and distribution of manganese sulfide(MnS)inclusions have a significant influence on the comprehensive performance,which is an important research field for resulfurized steels.Based on the experiments of non-aqueous electrolyte and scanning electron microscope observation,the fractal theory was employed to study the three-dimensional morphologies of MnS inclusions.The results showed that the edge fractal dimension of MnS inclusions was between 1.59 and 1.88.In addition,similar morphology of MnS inclusions had a close fractal dimension.The MnS edge fractal dimension is highly positively correlated with the morphological parameters.The multifractal spectrums of MnS inclusions on two-dimensional plane of as-cast and as-rolled resulfurized free-cutting steels were calculated.The large-size MnS inclusions belong to large probability subset,while the small-size MnS inclusions belong to small probability subset.The multifractal spectrum can truly and effectively reflect the difference and non-uniformity of distribution of MnS inclusions on 2D plane.On the premise of similar content of MnS,with the refinement of MnS inclusions,the multifractal spectrum width and the multifractal spectrum symmetry parameter were decreased.The multifractal spectrum provides a new method for studying the second phase in materials.展开更多
The West Junggar region, located in the loci of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is a highly endowed metallogenic province with 〉100 tonnes Au, 〉0.7 Mt Cu, 〉0.3 Mt Mo, and 〉2.3 Mt chromite as well as significant a...The West Junggar region, located in the loci of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is a highly endowed metallogenic province with 〉100 tonnes Au, 〉0.7 Mt Cu, 〉0.3 Mt Mo, and 〉2.3 Mt chromite as well as significant amounts of Be and U. The West Junggar region has three metallogenic belts distributed systematically from north to south： （1） late Paleozoic Saur Au-Cu belt; （2） early Paleozoic Xiemisitai- Sharburt Be-U-Cu-Zn belt; （3） late Paleozoic Barluk-Kelamay Au-Cu-Mo-Cr belt. These belts host a number of deposits belonging to at least eight economically important styles, including epithermal Au, granite-related Be-U, volcanogenic massive sulfide （VMS） Cu-Zn, podiform chromite, porphyry Cu, hydrothermal quartz vein Au, porphyry-greisen Mo（-W）, and orogenic Au. These deposit styles are associated with the tectonics prevalent during their formation. Five tectonic-mineralized epochs can be recognized： （1） Ordovician subduction-related VMS Cu-Zn deposit; （2） Devonian ophiolite-related podiform chromite deposit; （3） early Carboniferous subductionrelated epithermal Au and porphyry Cu deposits; （4） late Carboniferous subduction-related granite-related Be-U, porphyry Cu, and hydrothermal quartz vein Au deposits; and （5） late Carboniferous to early Permian subduction-related por- phyry-greisen Mo（-W） and orogenic Au deposits.展开更多
AIM:Tumor formation is generally linked to an expansion of glycolytic phosphometabolite pools and aerobic glycolytic flux rates.To achieve this,tumor cells generally overexpress a special glycolytic isoenzyme,termed p...AIM:Tumor formation is generally linked to an expansion of glycolytic phosphometabolite pools and aerobic glycolytic flux rates.To achieve this,tumor cells generally overexpress a special glycolytic isoenzyme,termed pyruvate kinase type M_(2).The present study was designed to evaluate the use of a new tumor marker,tumor M_(2)-PK,in discriminating gastrointestinal cancer patients from healthy controls,and to compare with the reference tumor markers CEA and CA72-4.METHODS:The concentration of tumor M_(2)-PK in body fluids could be quantitatively determined by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)-kit(ScheBo(R)Tech,Giessen,Germany).By using this kit,the tumor M_(2)-PK concentration was measured in EDTA-plasma of 108 patients.For the healthy blood donors a cut-off value of 15 U/mL was evaluated,which corresponded to 90%specificity.Overall 108 patients were included in this study,54 patients had a histological confirmed gastric cancer,54 patients colorectal cancer,and 20 healthy volunteers served as controls.RESULTS:The cut-off value to discriminate patients from controls was established at 15 U/mL for tumor M_(2)-PK.The mean tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of gastric cancer was 26.937 U/mL.According to the TNM stage system,the mean tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of stage I was 16.324 U/mL,of stage II 15.290 U/mL,of stageⅢ30.289 U/mL,of stage IV 127.31 U/mL,of non-metastasis 12.854 U/mL and of metastasis 35.711 U/mL.The mean Tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of colorectal cancer was 30.588 U/mL.According to the Dukes stage system,the mean tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of Dukes A was 16.638 U/mL,of Dukes B 22.070 U/mL,and of Dukes C 48.024 U/mL,of non-metastasis 19.501 U/mL,of metastasis 49.437 U/mL.The mean tumor M_(2)-PK conoentration allowed a significant discrimination of colorectal cancers(30.588 U/mL)from controls(10.965 U/mL)(P<0.01),and gastric cancer(26.937 U/mL)from controls(10.965 U/mL)(P<0.05).The overall sensitivity of tumor M_(2)-PK for colorectal cancer was 68.52%,while that of CEA was 43.12%.In gastric cancer,tumor M_(2)-PK showed a high sensitivity of 50.47%,while CA72-4 showed a sensitivity of 35.37%.CONCLUSION:Tumor M_(2)-PK has a higher sensitivity than markers CEA and CA72-4,and is a valuable tumor marker for the detection of gastrointestinal cancer.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Pro-gram of China(No.2022YFB3805701)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.52371182,51701052,52192592,52192593)+1 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2019QNRC001)the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program.
文摘1.Introduction.Ni-Mn-X(X=Ga,In,Sn,or Sb)Heusler alloys have versatile properties[1-4],such as shape memory effect[1],superelastic-ity[5],magnetocaloric effect[3],elastocaloric effect[6],and even multicaloric effect[7],that indicate their potential for use in actu-ators,sensors,micropumps,energy harvesters,and solid-state re-frigeration[8-10].Among the alloys,Ni-Mn-Sn-based alloys are environment-friendly and cost-effective[6,7,11],and hence,they have received widespread attention.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(No.52372061)the Project of the Education Department of Jilin Province(No.JJKH20231163KJ).
文摘1.Introduction B_(4)C ceramics have high potential for use in aerospace,military,nuclear energy,and other fields owing to their excellent properties such as low density,high melting point,high hardness,high chem-ical stability,excellent wear resistance,and good neutron absorp-tion ability[1-3].However,the fracture toughness(1.9 MPa·m^(1/2))of B_(4)C is poor[2].Furthermore,the low diffusion coefficient asso-ciated with the strong covalent bond of B_(4)C makes it very difficult to achieve densification through traditional pressureless sintering.For example,after the pressureless sintering of B_(4)C at 2375℃ for 1 h,Roy et al.[4]achieved a relative density of only 87%.
基金the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC3001003)Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File No.0056/2023/RIB2)Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Grant No.2022A0505030019).
文摘Challenges in stratigraphic modeling arise from underground uncertainty.While borehole exploration is reliable,it remains sparse due to economic and site constraints.Electrical resistivity tomography(ERT)as a cost-effective geophysical technique can acquire high-density data;however,uncertainty and nonuniqueness inherent in ERT impede its usage for stratigraphy identification.This paper integrates ERT and onsite observations for the first time to propose a novel method for characterizing stratigraphic profiles.The method consists of two steps:(1)ERT for prior knowledge:ERT data are processed by soft clustering using the Gaussian mixture model,followed by probability smoothing to quantify its depthdependent uncertainty;and(2)Observations for calibration:a spatial sequential Bayesian updating(SSBU)algorithm is developed to update the prior knowledge based on likelihoods derived from onsite observations,namely topsoil and boreholes.The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through its application to a real slope site in Foshan,China.Comparative analysis with advanced borehole-driven methods highlights the superiority of incorporating ERT data in stratigraphic modeling,in terms of prediction accuracy at borehole locations and sensitivity to borehole data.Informed by ERT,reduced sensitivity to boreholes provides a fundamental solution to the longstanding challenge of sparse measurements.The paper further discusses the impact of ERT uncertainty on the proposed model using time-lapse measurements,the impact of model resolution,and applicability in engineering projects.This study,as a breakthrough in stratigraphic modeling,bridges gaps in combining geophysical and geotechnical data to address measurement sparsity and paves the way for more economical geotechnical exploration.
基金support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC3001003)Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2022A0505030019)Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File nos.0056/2023/RIB2,001/2024/SKL).
文摘Characterization of vegetation effect on soil response is essential for comprehending site-specific hydrological processes.Traditional research often relies on sensors or remote sensing data to examine the hydrological properties of vegetation zones,yet these methods are limited by either measurement sparsity or spatial inaccuracy.Therefore,this paper is the first to propose a data-driven approach that incorporates high-temporal-resolution electrical resistivity tomography(ERT)to quantify soil hydrological response.Time-lapse ERT is deployed on a vegetated slope site in Foshan,China,during a discontinuous rainfall induced by Typhoon Haikui.A total of 97 ERT measurements were collected with an average time interval of 2.7 hours.The Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM)is applied to quantify the level of response and objectively classify impact zones based on features extracted directly from the ERT data.The resistivity-moisture content correlation is established based on on-site sensor data to characterize infiltration and evapotranspiration across wet-dry conditions.The findings are compared with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),a common indicator for vegetation quantification,to reveal potential spatial errors in remote sensing data.In addition,this study provides discussions on the potential applications and future directions.This paper showcases significant spatio-temporal advantages over existing studies,providing a more detailed and accurate characterization of superficial soil hydrological response.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52104334,51874195 and 52074179)Center for Advanced Solidification Technology(CAST)and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel.
文摘In order to investigate the modification behavior and regularity of inclusions in X80 pipeline steel by Mg-treatment, the comparative industrial experiments of Mg-treatment and Ca-treatment in X80 pipeline steel were carried out. Mg and Ca were added to the steel in the form of cored wire after RH (Ruhrstahl-Hereaeus vacuum degassing) process. After adding Ca-containing cored wire, the inclusions were transformed into CaO–Al_(2)O_(3) in the steel. With the progress of smelting, the cleanliness of molten steel became worse, and the equivalent diameter of inclusions was at a higher level. Mg-treatment had a good effect on the modification of inclusions. After Mg-containing cored wire was added to the steel, Al_(2)O_(3) and CaO–Al_(2)O_(3) in the steel were transformed into MgO, MgO·Al_(2)O_(3), and CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3) inclusions, which were basically spherical. The initial precipitated MgO became the core of other inclusions in the steel, which promotes the precipitation of MgO·Al_(2)O_(3). After Mg-treatment, almost no unmodified calcium aluminate inclusions existed in the hot rolled plate, and the cleanliness of the steel was improved. The effect of Ca and Mg on the transformation of inclusions in pipeline steel was studied by thermodynamic calculation, the result of which is consistent with the experimental results.
基金the National Key R and D Program of China(Grant Nos.2019YFD1000402,2019YFD1001004)the World-Class Discipline Construction and Characteristic Development Guidance Funds for Beijing Forestry University(Grant No.2019XKJS0323).
文摘Purple-leafed plants not only have a higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,but also have higher ornamental value.Anthocyanins are vital for leaf color formation,growth and development of purple leaves.However,the molecular mechanism underlying purple leaf formation in Lagerstroemia indica remains unclear.Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of purple-leafed cultivar‘Ebony Embers’and greenleafed cultivar‘Arapahoe’showed that the high expression of anthocyanin structure genes induced hyperaccumulation of cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives,making the leaves purple.LfiHY5,LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 were identified using correlation analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.In‘Arapahoe’‘Ebony Embers’population,LfiHY5 and LfiMYB75 showed significant positive correlation with leaf anthocyanin content.Transient expression of LfiMYB75 and LfiHY5 in tobacco and purple-leafed crape myrtle indicated that the two genes activated anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed that LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 could form a complex that enhanced anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast monohybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that LfiHY5 activated the expression of LfiMYB75,to activate the transcription of anthocyanin structural genes LfiCHS and LfiANS.Moreover,there were three alleles of LfiHY5 in crape myrtle,and the different sequences had different activation effects on LfiMYB75.In conclusion,the results showed that LfiHY5 led to upregulate the transcription of LfiMYB75,and LfiMYB75 formed a complex with LfibHLH1,which increased the transcription level of LfiCHS and LfiANS to affect anthocyanin synthesis in crape myrtle.
基金the State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Research and Comprehensive Utilization of Baiyun Obo for the open project(Grant No.2022(Kehe)00281)the Central Government Guidance Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(Grant No.2022ZY0124)for supporting this worksupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52074179).
文摘Submerged entry nozzle(SEN)clogging is a major problem affecting the production quality of rare earth steel,and finding a suitable refractory outlet can significantly reduce production costs.To explore the relationship between refractory composition and interface interaction,unprotected coated Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories and SiO2-coated Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories were added to rare earth high-carbon heavy rail steel under laboratory conditions,and the Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractory was found to be more suitable.The results show that,from the epoxy resin side to the refractory side,the contour of the refractory interface reaction layer can be divided into two main layers:an iron-rich reaction layer and an iron-poor reaction layer.Calculations based on the spherical model suggest that the adhesion force is proportional to the size of the refractory particles and inclusions,and the same result applies to the surface tension.Controlling the inclusions at a smaller size has a specific effect on alleviating the erosion of refractories.Combined with the erosion mechanism of Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories,the interface reaction mechanism between Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO refractories and molten steel was proposed,which provides ideas for solving SEN clogging.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant No.2021YFC2203002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.12173071 and 12473075)。
文摘Binary neutron star mergers are unique sources of gravitational waves in multi-messenger astronomy.The inspira phase of binary neutron stars can emit gravitational waves as chirp signals.The present waveform models o gravitational waves only considered the gravitational interaction.In this paper,we derive the waveform of th gravitational wave signal taking into account the presence of magnetic fields.We found that the electromagneti interaction and radiation can introduce different frequency-dependent power laws for both the amplitude and frequency of the gravitational wave.We show from the results of the Fisher information matrix that the third generation observation may detect magnetic dipole moments if the magnetic field is~10^(17)G.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51671124 and 51474142)State Key Laboratory of Development and Application Technology of Automotive Steel(Baosteel Group).
文摘Three-dimensional investigation of sulfides is required in order to improve the mechanical properties of steel by controlling the sulfides in the steel.A method including its principles and device is introduced for the investigation of threedimensional morphology of sulfides.The method is suitable for gear steel,free cutting steel,non-quenched steel,tempered steel(ws≥0.02 wt.%),etc.The influences of current density,time,and temperature on the exposure degree of sulfide inclusions were investigated by using 16MnCrS5 steel.The best parameters of electrolytic etching of sulfur steel,as found by experimentation,are as follows:current density,37.5-52.5 mA/cm2;time,30-35 min;and temperature,—10 to 0℃.Under these conditions,the three-dimensional morphology of sulfide inclusions in sulfur-bearing steel can be exposed effectively.
基金Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China （No. 2018YFB0704400）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51474142 and 51671124） and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （No. 2018M632082）.
文摘Te is widely used in iron and steel industry. After adding a certain amount of Te in the steel, many physical and chemical properties can be improved. As a free-cutting element, a small amount of Te can significantly improve the machinability of steel. The existing form of Te in the steel, the modification law of MnS inclusion by Te and the influence rule and mechanism of Te on the machinability of steel are summarized and expounded in detail, providing a reference for further study and development of Te-containing free-cutting steels.
基金financially supported by National Basic Research Program of China (No.2012CB619600)
文摘Lamellar porous alumina scaffolds with the initial solid loadings of 20, 25, and 30 vol% were prepared by freeze casting using 5 μm alumina powders. With the addition of 3 wt% MgO-A1203-SiO2 nanopowders in a eutectic composition as sintering aid, the maximum compressive strength of the sintered scaffolds reached （64 -4- 2） MPa after sintering at 1,773 K for 2 h. The lamellar porous scaffolds were then filled with a molten Al-12Si-10 Mg alloy （in wt%） by pressureless infiltration at 1,223 K in a N2 atmosphere, yielding the shell-like structure of the composites. The compressive strength of the upper part composite with the initial 30 vol% solid loading reached （1,190 ±50） MPa, which was about 3.5 times as large as that of the matrix alloy.
基金Acknowledgment We are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China for financial support （Grant No. 30700878）.Acknowledgments The Advisory and Editorial Boards of the Asian Journal of Andrology （AJA） wish to thank the following scientists for their unique contribution to AJA in reviewing the papers （including papers published and rejected） of this issue：
文摘Prepubertal testicular dysfunction and the subsequent development of hypogonadism affects an estimated one in 200 children worldwide. As the testosterone levels are dynamic during development and puberty, traditional hormone treatment regimens are often inadequate, thereby leaving associated physiological conditions unresolved. Therefore, we have investigated the potential therapeutic effect of mature Leydig cell transplantation for the treatment of prepubertal primary hypogonadism through the use of a surgically induced hypogonadistic rat model system. In the experiment, Leydig cells were surgically isolated from mature Sprague-Dawley rats and transplanted into prepubertal recipients. Serum testosterone levels and microscopic analysis of the stained testicular interstitium were compared with sham-treated controls, as well as with castrated and intact rats during sexual development. At 4 weeks post-implantation, serum testosterone was detectable in Leydig cell recipients, but not in surgical controls, and progressively increased as a function of time until reaching levels comparable with sexually mature males at 12 weeks post-implantation. Histological analysis revealed a high rate of Leydig cell survival as well as steroidogenic secretory activity. Therefore, we conclude that mature Leydig cell transplantation in prepubertal hypogonadism recipients has therapeutic potential in rats and merits further investigation for clinical application.
文摘Metro is an important form of public transport in Shanghai.Based on the metro card data,we conduct the cluster analysis of Shanghai metro stations according to the pattern of passenger flow changing with time.Then the characteristics of travel time and surrounding land use are investigated for different types of stations to explore the relationship between urban land-use characteristics and travel activities reflected by passenger flow at metro stations.It is found that the passenger flow pattern of metro stations is closely related to the location conditions of stations and its surrounding land-use patterns.Based on various characteristics,285 metro stations are classified into four types,including residential-oriented stations,employmentoriented stations,employment-residence-oriented stations,and integrated functionaloriented stations,reflecting the interaction between spontaneous travel behavior and urban land-use characteristics and providing a reference for optimizing the urban functional structure and the spatial allocation of facilities.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 51474142)
文摘Ballpoint pen tip steel, a super free-cutting stainless steel, exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and good machining properties. In this study, inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy, metallographic microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to determine the elemental contents in five ballpoint pen tips and their components, morphologies, and inclusion distributions. The results showed that the steels were all S–Pb–Te super free-cutting ferritic stainless steel. The free-cutting phases in the steels were mainly Mn S, Pb, and small amounts of Pb Te. Mn S inclusions were in the form of chain distributions, and the aspect ratio of each size inclusion in the chain was small. The stress concentration effect could substantially reduce the cutting force when the material was machined. Some of the Pb was distributed evenly in the steel matrix as fine particles（1–2 μm）, and the rest of the Pb was distributed at the middle or at both ends of the Mn S inclusions. The Pb plays a role in lubrication and melting embrittlement, which substantially increases the cutting performance. Pb Te was also usually distributed in the middle and at both ends of the Mn S inclusions, and Te could convert the sulfides into spindles, thereby improving the cutting performance of the steel.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD1001004,2019YFD1000402)the program for Science and Technology of Beijing(Z181100002418006)the Special Fund for Beijing Common Construction Project.
文摘Crape myrtle(Lagerstroemia indica)is a globally used ornamental woody plant and is the representative species of Lagerstroemia.However,studies on the evolution and genomic breeding of L.indica have been hindered by the lack of a reference genome.Here we assembled the first high-quality genome of L.indica using PacBio combined with Hi-C scaffolding to anchor the 329.14-Mb genome assembly into 24 pseudochromosomes.We detected a previously undescribed independent whole-genome triplication event occurring 35.5 million years ago in L.indica following its divergence from Punica granatum.After resequencing 73 accessions of Lagerstroemia,the main parents of modern crape myrtle cultivars were found to be L.indica and L.fauriei.During the process of domestication,genetic diversity tended to decrease in many plants,but this was not observed in L.indica.We constructed a high-density genetic linkage map with an average map distance of 0.33 cM.Furthermore,we integrated the results of quantitative trait locus(QTL)using genetic mapping and bulk segregant analysis(BSA),revealing that the major-effect interval controlling internode length(IL)is located on chr1,which contains CDL15,CRG98,and GID1b1 associated with the phytohormone pathways.Analysis of gene expression of the red,purple,and white flower-colour flavonoid pathways revealed that differential expression of multiple genes determined the flower colour of L.indica,with white flowers having the lowest gene expression.In addition,BSA of purple-and green-leaved individuals of populations of L.indica was performed,and the leaf colour loci were mapped to chr12 and chr17.Within these intervals,we identified MYB35,NCED,and KAS1.Our genome assembly provided a foundation for investigating the evolution,population structure,and differentiation of Myrtaceae species and accelerating the molecular breeding of L.indica.
基金the financial support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1200203 and 2016YFD0501105)the Mega-projects of Science Research of China (2018ZX10733402-004 and 2018ZX10712001-005)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81741098 and 81711530049)the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program (2015C03032)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY17H190003)
文摘Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae(CPE) isolates are recognized as one of the most severe threats to public health. However, the population structure and genetic characteristics of CPE isolates among bloodstream infections(BSIs) are largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, in this study,we included patients with clinically significant BSIs due to Enterobacterales isolates, recruited from 26 sentinel hospitals in China(2014–2015). CPE isolates were microbiologically and genomically characterized,including their susceptibility profiles, molecular typing, phylogenetic features, and genetic context analysis of carbapenemase-encoding genes. Of the 2569 BSI Enterobacterales isolates enrolled, 42(1.6%) were carbapenemase-positive. Moreover, among the 2242 investigated isolates, 1111(49.6%) extendedspectrum β-lactamase(ESBL)-producing isolates were identified in Escherichia coli(E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae), Proteus mirabilis(P. mirabilis), and Klebsiella oxytoca. Whole genome sequencing analysis showed the clonal spread of K. pneumoniae carbapenemase(KPC)-2-producing K. pneumoniae sequence type(ST) 11 and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase(NDM)-5-producing E. coli ST167 in our collection. Plasmid analysis revealed that carbapenemase-encoding genes were located on multiple plasmids. A high prevalence of biofilm-encoding type 3 fimbriae clusters and yesiniabactin-associated genes was observed in K. pneumoniae isolates. This work demonstrates the high prevalence of ESBLs and the wide dissemination of CPE among BSI isolates in China, which represent real clinical threats. Moreover, our findings first illustrate a more comprehensive genome scenario of CPE isolates among BSIs. The clonal spread of KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 and NDM-5-producing E. coli ST167 needs to be closely monitored.
基金The authors gratefully express their appreciation to National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2018YFB0704400)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51874195 and 52074179)for supporting this work+1 种基金support from the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52104335)Shanghai "Super Postdoctoral"Incentive Plan (Grant No.2020194).
文摘The morphology and distribution of manganese sulfide(MnS)inclusions have a significant influence on the comprehensive performance,which is an important research field for resulfurized steels.Based on the experiments of non-aqueous electrolyte and scanning electron microscope observation,the fractal theory was employed to study the three-dimensional morphologies of MnS inclusions.The results showed that the edge fractal dimension of MnS inclusions was between 1.59 and 1.88.In addition,similar morphology of MnS inclusions had a close fractal dimension.The MnS edge fractal dimension is highly positively correlated with the morphological parameters.The multifractal spectrums of MnS inclusions on two-dimensional plane of as-cast and as-rolled resulfurized free-cutting steels were calculated.The large-size MnS inclusions belong to large probability subset,while the small-size MnS inclusions belong to small probability subset.The multifractal spectrum can truly and effectively reflect the difference and non-uniformity of distribution of MnS inclusions on 2D plane.On the premise of similar content of MnS,with the refinement of MnS inclusions,the multifractal spectrum width and the multifractal spectrum symmetry parameter were decreased.The multifractal spectrum provides a new method for studying the second phase in materials.
基金financially supported by the Innovative Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX-EW-LY02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1303293,41390441,41272109)National 305 Project(2011BAB06B01)
文摘The West Junggar region, located in the loci of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is a highly endowed metallogenic province with 〉100 tonnes Au, 〉0.7 Mt Cu, 〉0.3 Mt Mo, and 〉2.3 Mt chromite as well as significant amounts of Be and U. The West Junggar region has three metallogenic belts distributed systematically from north to south： （1） late Paleozoic Saur Au-Cu belt; （2） early Paleozoic Xiemisitai- Sharburt Be-U-Cu-Zn belt; （3） late Paleozoic Barluk-Kelamay Au-Cu-Mo-Cr belt. These belts host a number of deposits belonging to at least eight economically important styles, including epithermal Au, granite-related Be-U, volcanogenic massive sulfide （VMS） Cu-Zn, podiform chromite, porphyry Cu, hydrothermal quartz vein Au, porphyry-greisen Mo（-W）, and orogenic Au. These deposit styles are associated with the tectonics prevalent during their formation. Five tectonic-mineralized epochs can be recognized： （1） Ordovician subduction-related VMS Cu-Zn deposit; （2） Devonian ophiolite-related podiform chromite deposit; （3） early Carboniferous subductionrelated epithermal Au and porphyry Cu deposits; （4） late Carboniferous subduction-related granite-related Be-U, porphyry Cu, and hydrothermal quartz vein Au deposits; and （5） late Carboniferous to early Permian subduction-related por- phyry-greisen Mo（-W） and orogenic Au deposits.
文摘AIM:Tumor formation is generally linked to an expansion of glycolytic phosphometabolite pools and aerobic glycolytic flux rates.To achieve this,tumor cells generally overexpress a special glycolytic isoenzyme,termed pyruvate kinase type M_(2).The present study was designed to evaluate the use of a new tumor marker,tumor M_(2)-PK,in discriminating gastrointestinal cancer patients from healthy controls,and to compare with the reference tumor markers CEA and CA72-4.METHODS:The concentration of tumor M_(2)-PK in body fluids could be quantitatively determined by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)-kit(ScheBo(R)Tech,Giessen,Germany).By using this kit,the tumor M_(2)-PK concentration was measured in EDTA-plasma of 108 patients.For the healthy blood donors a cut-off value of 15 U/mL was evaluated,which corresponded to 90%specificity.Overall 108 patients were included in this study,54 patients had a histological confirmed gastric cancer,54 patients colorectal cancer,and 20 healthy volunteers served as controls.RESULTS:The cut-off value to discriminate patients from controls was established at 15 U/mL for tumor M_(2)-PK.The mean tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of gastric cancer was 26.937 U/mL.According to the TNM stage system,the mean tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of stage I was 16.324 U/mL,of stage II 15.290 U/mL,of stageⅢ30.289 U/mL,of stage IV 127.31 U/mL,of non-metastasis 12.854 U/mL and of metastasis 35.711 U/mL.The mean Tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of colorectal cancer was 30.588 U/mL.According to the Dukes stage system,the mean tumor M_(2)-PK concentration of Dukes A was 16.638 U/mL,of Dukes B 22.070 U/mL,and of Dukes C 48.024 U/mL,of non-metastasis 19.501 U/mL,of metastasis 49.437 U/mL.The mean tumor M_(2)-PK conoentration allowed a significant discrimination of colorectal cancers(30.588 U/mL)from controls(10.965 U/mL)(P<0.01),and gastric cancer(26.937 U/mL)from controls(10.965 U/mL)(P<0.05).The overall sensitivity of tumor M_(2)-PK for colorectal cancer was 68.52%,while that of CEA was 43.12%.In gastric cancer,tumor M_(2)-PK showed a high sensitivity of 50.47%,while CA72-4 showed a sensitivity of 35.37%.CONCLUSION:Tumor M_(2)-PK has a higher sensitivity than markers CEA and CA72-4,and is a valuable tumor marker for the detection of gastrointestinal cancer.
