Mpox,a viral zoonotic disease formerly known as monkeypox,has gained global attention following a multi-country outbreak in 2022-23,primarily linked to close intimate contact.In China,mpox cases surged in June 2023,wi...Mpox,a viral zoonotic disease formerly known as monkeypox,has gained global attention following a multi-country outbreak in 2022-23,primarily linked to close intimate contact.In China,mpox cases surged in June 2023,with nearly a quarter of new cases concentrated in Guangdong Province,particularly Shenzhen.This study aimed to estimate the importation risk of mpox cases from Hong Kong to Shenzhen in 2023,utilizing cross-regional population mobility data from January to October 2023.The analysis focused on local transmission in Hong Kong and the probability of mpox importation into Shenzhen.Results revealed a significant importation risk,with over a 50%chance of at least one travelbased mpox case from Hong Kong in June 2023.The study underscores the necessity of enhancing inbound surveillance for travelers from high mpox prevalence regions.It is suggested that regional governments implement tailored strategies,including enhanced surveillance and dynamic risk assessment for effective cross-border disease management,supported by robust monitoring and coordinated actions across jurisdictions.展开更多
Peaches are susceptible to Rhizopus stolonifer infection after harvest,resulting in rapid softening and a marked deterioration in quality,as well as shortened shelf life during storage.Herein,the influences of 2,4-bra...Peaches are susceptible to Rhizopus stolonifer infection after harvest,resulting in rapid softening and a marked deterioration in quality,as well as shortened shelf life during storage.Herein,the influences of 2,4-brassinoste-roid(EBR)and EBR+Brassinoconazole(BRZ)treatments on disease decay,softening,cell wall polysaccharide degradation in peach fruit were investigated.The results showed that EBR treatment induced disease resistance,as evidenced by an increment of 1.30-2.01 fold higher firmness of peach fruit,by inhibiting the biosynthesis of water-soluble pectin(WSP)with a reduction of 21.46-30.00%due to the inhibition of the expression and activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes(CWDEs),including polygalacturonase(PG),pectate lyase(PL),andβ-galacto-sidase(β-Gal)and pectinesterase(PE),and the improvement of ionically soluble pectin(ISP),covalently soluble pectin(CSP)and lignin.Moreover,the RNA sequencing results demonstrated that EBR upregulated the tran-scription levels of PpBZR1 with 1.87-2.60-fold and PpBZR2 expression with 5.15-12.05-fold,downregulated the PpGSK3 expression with the reduction of 54.02%and 27.45%in 9h and 12h after treatment.On the contrary,peach fruit following EBR+BRZ treatment exhibited opposite effects in the PpBZR1/2 and PpGSK3 expression of RNA-seq and cell wall polysaccharides degradation.Based on these results,EBR treatment reduced disease decay and delayed softening by influencing cell wall polysaccharide disassembly,which might be regulated by PpGSK3 phosphorylation and PpBZR1/2 transcription regulation in postharvest peaches.Therefore,EBR treatment would be a potential method in extending postharvest shelf life of other climacteric fruits.展开更多
Introduction:Minimizing the importation and exportation risks of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a primary concern for sustaining the“Dynamic COVID-zero”strategy in China.Risk estimation is essential for cities...Introduction:Minimizing the importation and exportation risks of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a primary concern for sustaining the“Dynamic COVID-zero”strategy in China.Risk estimation is essential for cities to conduct before relaxing border control measures.Methods:Informed by the daily number of passengers traveling between 367 prefectures(cities)in China,this study used a stochastic metapopulation model parameterized with COVID-19 epidemic characteristics to estimate the importation and exportation risks.Results:Under the transmission scenario(R0=5.49),this study estimated the cumulative case incidence of Changchun City,Jilin Province as 3,233(95%confidence interval:1,480,4,986)before a lockdown on March 14,2022,which is close to the 3,168 cases reported in real life by March 16,2022.In a total of 367 prefectures(cities),127(35%)had high exportation risks according to the simulation and could transmit the disease to 50%of all other regions within a period from 17 to 94 days.The average time until a new infection arrives in a location in 1 of the 367 prefectures(cities)ranged from 26 to 101 days.Conclusions:Estimating COVID-19 importation and exportation risks is necessary for preparedness,prevention,and control measures of COVID-19—especially when new variants emerge.展开更多
基金supported by the Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(Grant No.E24010010,E24010011)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.SYSPG20241211173921049)+2 种基金the Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Science and Technology Project(Category C)(Grant No.SGDX20230821091559022)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82304204)the AIR@InnoHK Programme from the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region。
文摘Mpox,a viral zoonotic disease formerly known as monkeypox,has gained global attention following a multi-country outbreak in 2022-23,primarily linked to close intimate contact.In China,mpox cases surged in June 2023,with nearly a quarter of new cases concentrated in Guangdong Province,particularly Shenzhen.This study aimed to estimate the importation risk of mpox cases from Hong Kong to Shenzhen in 2023,utilizing cross-regional population mobility data from January to October 2023.The analysis focused on local transmission in Hong Kong and the probability of mpox importation into Shenzhen.Results revealed a significant importation risk,with over a 50%chance of at least one travelbased mpox case from Hong Kong in June 2023.The study underscores the necessity of enhancing inbound surveillance for travelers from high mpox prevalence regions.It is suggested that regional governments implement tailored strategies,including enhanced surveillance and dynamic risk assessment for effective cross-border disease management,supported by robust monitoring and coordinated actions across jurisdictions.
基金funded by the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32402189)HN HautFood IAEG-038,the Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Henan University of Technology(2024BS028)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300421200)The Fund of Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province,Henan University of Technology(Grant No.GO202307 and Grant No.GO202308)“Double First-class”Undergraduate Science and Technology Innovation Ability Promotion Project of Henan University of Technology(HNHautFood IAEM-011).
文摘Peaches are susceptible to Rhizopus stolonifer infection after harvest,resulting in rapid softening and a marked deterioration in quality,as well as shortened shelf life during storage.Herein,the influences of 2,4-brassinoste-roid(EBR)and EBR+Brassinoconazole(BRZ)treatments on disease decay,softening,cell wall polysaccharide degradation in peach fruit were investigated.The results showed that EBR treatment induced disease resistance,as evidenced by an increment of 1.30-2.01 fold higher firmness of peach fruit,by inhibiting the biosynthesis of water-soluble pectin(WSP)with a reduction of 21.46-30.00%due to the inhibition of the expression and activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes(CWDEs),including polygalacturonase(PG),pectate lyase(PL),andβ-galacto-sidase(β-Gal)and pectinesterase(PE),and the improvement of ionically soluble pectin(ISP),covalently soluble pectin(CSP)and lignin.Moreover,the RNA sequencing results demonstrated that EBR upregulated the tran-scription levels of PpBZR1 with 1.87-2.60-fold and PpBZR2 expression with 5.15-12.05-fold,downregulated the PpGSK3 expression with the reduction of 54.02%and 27.45%in 9h and 12h after treatment.On the contrary,peach fruit following EBR+BRZ treatment exhibited opposite effects in the PpBZR1/2 and PpGSK3 expression of RNA-seq and cell wall polysaccharides degradation.Based on these results,EBR treatment reduced disease decay and delayed softening by influencing cell wall polysaccharide disassembly,which might be regulated by PpGSK3 phosphorylation and PpBZR1/2 transcription regulation in postharvest peaches.Therefore,EBR treatment would be a potential method in extending postharvest shelf life of other climacteric fruits.
基金Supported by AIR@InnoHK programme from The Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,National Natural Science Foundation of China(72104208)JSPS KAKENHI(JP21H04595)National Nature Science Foundation of China(72025405,91846301,72088101,and 71790615).
文摘Introduction:Minimizing the importation and exportation risks of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a primary concern for sustaining the“Dynamic COVID-zero”strategy in China.Risk estimation is essential for cities to conduct before relaxing border control measures.Methods:Informed by the daily number of passengers traveling between 367 prefectures(cities)in China,this study used a stochastic metapopulation model parameterized with COVID-19 epidemic characteristics to estimate the importation and exportation risks.Results:Under the transmission scenario(R0=5.49),this study estimated the cumulative case incidence of Changchun City,Jilin Province as 3,233(95%confidence interval:1,480,4,986)before a lockdown on March 14,2022,which is close to the 3,168 cases reported in real life by March 16,2022.In a total of 367 prefectures(cities),127(35%)had high exportation risks according to the simulation and could transmit the disease to 50%of all other regions within a period from 17 to 94 days.The average time until a new infection arrives in a location in 1 of the 367 prefectures(cities)ranged from 26 to 101 days.Conclusions:Estimating COVID-19 importation and exportation risks is necessary for preparedness,prevention,and control measures of COVID-19—especially when new variants emerge.
